EP0277474B1 - Seat - Google Patents

Seat Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0277474B1
EP0277474B1 EP88100026A EP88100026A EP0277474B1 EP 0277474 B1 EP0277474 B1 EP 0277474B1 EP 88100026 A EP88100026 A EP 88100026A EP 88100026 A EP88100026 A EP 88100026A EP 0277474 B1 EP0277474 B1 EP 0277474B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
link
seating
support
spring element
seat
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP88100026A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0277474A1 (en
EP0277474B2 (en
Inventor
Rainer Machate
Robert Vonhausen
E. Hansen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Vermoegensverwaltung Franz Vogt Familienstiftung KG
Original Assignee
Vermoegensverwaltung Franz Vogt Familienstiftung KG
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Publication date
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Application filed by Vermoegensverwaltung Franz Vogt Familienstiftung KG filed Critical Vermoegensverwaltung Franz Vogt Familienstiftung KG
Priority to AT88100026T priority Critical patent/ATE62385T1/en
Publication of EP0277474A1 publication Critical patent/EP0277474A1/en
Publication of EP0277474B1 publication Critical patent/EP0277474B1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0277474B2 publication Critical patent/EP0277474B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47CCHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
    • A47C1/00Chairs adapted for special purposes
    • A47C1/02Reclining or easy chairs
    • A47C1/031Reclining or easy chairs having coupled concurrently adjustable supporting parts
    • A47C1/032Reclining or easy chairs having coupled concurrently adjustable supporting parts the parts being movably-coupled seat and back-rest
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47CCHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
    • A47C1/00Chairs adapted for special purposes
    • A47C1/02Reclining or easy chairs
    • A47C1/031Reclining or easy chairs having coupled concurrently adjustable supporting parts
    • A47C1/032Reclining or easy chairs having coupled concurrently adjustable supporting parts the parts being movably-coupled seat and back-rest
    • A47C1/03294Reclining or easy chairs having coupled concurrently adjustable supporting parts the parts being movably-coupled seat and back-rest slidingly movable in the base frame, e.g. by rollers
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47CCHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
    • A47C1/00Chairs adapted for special purposes
    • A47C1/02Reclining or easy chairs
    • A47C1/031Reclining or easy chairs having coupled concurrently adjustable supporting parts
    • A47C1/032Reclining or easy chairs having coupled concurrently adjustable supporting parts the parts being movably-coupled seat and back-rest
    • A47C1/03255Reclining or easy chairs having coupled concurrently adjustable supporting parts the parts being movably-coupled seat and back-rest with a central column, e.g. rocking office chairs
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47CCHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
    • A47C1/00Chairs adapted for special purposes
    • A47C1/02Reclining or easy chairs
    • A47C1/031Reclining or easy chairs having coupled concurrently adjustable supporting parts
    • A47C1/032Reclining or easy chairs having coupled concurrently adjustable supporting parts the parts being movably-coupled seat and back-rest
    • A47C1/03261Reclining or easy chairs having coupled concurrently adjustable supporting parts the parts being movably-coupled seat and back-rest characterised by elastic means
    • A47C1/03272Reclining or easy chairs having coupled concurrently adjustable supporting parts the parts being movably-coupled seat and back-rest characterised by elastic means with coil springs
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47CCHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
    • A47C3/00Chairs characterised by structural features; Chairs or stools with rotatable or vertically-adjustable seats
    • A47C3/02Rocking chairs
    • A47C3/025Rocking chairs with seat, or seat and back-rest unit elastically or pivotally mounted in a rigid base frame
    • A47C3/026Rocking chairs with seat, or seat and back-rest unit elastically or pivotally mounted in a rigid base frame with central column, e.g. rocking office chairs; Tilting chairs
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47CCHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
    • A47C3/00Chairs characterised by structural features; Chairs or stools with rotatable or vertically-adjustable seats
    • A47C3/20Chairs or stools with vertically-adjustable seats
    • A47C3/26Chairs or stools with vertically-adjustable seats with vertical, or inclined toothed rack; with peg-and-notch mechanism
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47CCHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
    • A47C31/00Details or accessories for chairs, beds, or the like, not provided for in other groups of this subclass, e.g. upholstery fasteners, mattress protectors, stretching devices for mattress nets
    • A47C31/12Means, e.g. measuring means for adapting chairs, beds or mattresses to the shape or weight of persons
    • A47C31/126Means, e.g. measuring means for adapting chairs, beds or mattresses to the shape or weight of persons for chairs

Definitions

  • the invention relates to seating furniture according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the seat part and loader the back part are adjustable in their inclination.
  • Simple office chairs usually have only one back support, which is resiliently attached to the seat support and has a height-adjustable back section at its upper end.
  • More comfortable office seating has a continuous seat shell that includes both the seat part and the back part.
  • the back part is usually attached using more complex mechanical devices, such as are known, for example, from DE-A-35 20188.
  • the support force is proportional to the weight of the user; it is determined by the length of a lever which is formed by a bent part of a back holder between a pusher and the pivot bearing.
  • This rigidly angled backrest is freely suspended on the seat part, under which the lever end engages at the back, so that the inclination of the seat part inevitably changes with every change in the back position. This usually goes far beyond the needs of the seated person and gives them an unstable feeling; one involuntarily has a rocking chair, so to speak, which is undesirable for many purposes or even annoying.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a chair of the type known from DE-A-2 026 929, which is of simple construction and safe handling, in which an adjustment of the restoring force of the seat and the supporting force of the back part is also automatically in Depends on the user weight, but without the mentioned constant change in inclination of both support parts would have to be accepted.
  • the back support can be pivoted by leaning the seated person against the back part, this pivoting movement of the back support taking place against the bias of a spring element.
  • the new spring element acts as an energy store thanks to its pretension, which enables indirect power transmission from the seat part to the back part, it is extremely easy to achieve a significant increase in seat comfort.
  • the spring known from DE-A-2 026 929 which only brings about a central position of the backrest in the unloaded state, could not be a model for this advantageous construction.
  • the back support or the back part mounted on it always sufficiently supports the user. Conventional possible accidents, in which heavy people lean too far back and could not be caught by the back, are avoided. There is also no need to adjust the height of the back part, since no adjustment of the lever arm of the back part or back support is required to adjust the support force.
  • the pivot bearing is The back support on the seat support is arranged thereon in a fixed position, a free lever arm of the back support projecting beyond the pivot bearing being pressed against the spring element.
  • the spring element is biased depending on the weight of the user.
  • it is pivoted on the seat support with support on the prestressed spring element. A direct influence of the user weight on the support torque generated by the back support is thus achieved in a particularly simple manner.
  • the lever arm of the back support is arranged horizontally and is supported against the spring element arranged vertically between the seat part and the lever arm.
  • This arrangement proves to be particularly space-saving.
  • a front link bearing the seat part on the seat support can be designed as a double lever, the lower end region of which is supported against the essentially horizontal spring element which is arranged between the double lever and the lever arm. Thanks to this design, the overall length of the spring element can be increased considerably, which makes it possible to adapt the seating furniture over a wide weight range.
  • the seat part is advantageously mounted on the seat support by means of a front link and on the back support by means of a rear link.
  • the spring element is biased in the manner described; if the person sitting on the seating furniture leans back, however, the part of the seat part facing the back support is also lowered somewhat. This increases the seating comfort considerably and, depending on the lever ratios chosen, can considerably expand the adjustment options. Even a small load on the back part when the seated person leans back is the area of the seat support facing the back support so loaded that the supporting force of the back part automatically adapts to the weight of the person and the load on the seating furniture.
  • the seat part is mounted by means of a front link on a pivot bearing which is stationary on the seat support and which is acted upon by a handlebar which is mounted on the seat part by means of a first link which is pivotally mounted thereon and is mounted on the handlebar in its central region ., The free end of which is connected via a link guide formed on a second link to the second link mounted pivotally on the seat support.
  • this construction has the advantage that when the parallelogram steering arrangement is pivoted, not only is a spring element preloaded, but the lever ratio changes overall.
  • advantages result in particular from the fact that the spring element is mounted on the seat support at the articulation point of the second link and on the seat part at the articulation point of the front link. In this way, the greatest possible length of the spring element can be achieved, which leads to an adjustability of the seating furniture in a particularly wide weight range.
  • a second spring element is mounted on the pivot bearing, the drive end of which is mounted on the second link.
  • the second spring element serves to apply an additional supporting force to the back part. Since the second spring element is mounted on the second link, there are also changes in the force application point of the second spring element when the seat part is loaded by the interaction of the first link and the second link, so that its pretension is changed accordingly.
  • the second link is essentially T-shaped, the spring element and the second spring element each being mounted on the outer end of the cross connection of the T, while the link guide essentially along the end region of the free end of the T is trained.
  • the second link is designed in the form of an angle lever, as a result of which the power drive points and the respective lever arms can be changed in a particularly effective manner.
  • the seating furniture shown in FIGS. 1 to 6 each has a seat support 5, which can be provided in the usual way with feet and additionally with castors.
  • the seat support 5 has an essentially horizontally arranged area at its upper end.
  • the seat part 2 is mounted on the seat support 5 by means of a front and a rear link 10,9.
  • the seat part 2, the handlebars 10, 9 and the corresponding area of the seat support 5 form a parallelogram.
  • a back support 4 is mounted on a pivot bearing 6 and carries a back part 3 at its upper end.
  • the back part 3 can be arranged in an articulated manner on the back support 4, the back support 4 can, as usual, have a certain intrinsic elasticity.
  • the rear link 9 is articulated directly on a horizontal part of the back support 4.
  • the back support 4 has an end region which projects over the pivot bearing 6 and which likewise extends essentially in a horizontal direction and serves as a lower contact for a spring element 16 which is supported with its upper region against the seat part 2.
  • a further spring element 16 ' is arranged between the horizontal part of the back support 4 and the seat support 5.
  • the spring element 16 ' also extends in the vertical direction.
  • the seat part 2 When the seat part 2 is loaded, it is pressed down due to the parallelogram-type arrangement. This leads to a load on the spring elements 16, 16 ', ie. H. these spring elements are biased by the weight of the person sitting on the seat part 2.
  • the pivot bearing 6 forms a pivoting possibility for the back support 4, as a result of which it can be pivoted away from the seat part 2 in the usual manner by 15 ° to 20 °.
  • the back support 4 is pivoted about the pivot bearing 6. This causes a load on the spring 16 as well as a load on the spring 16 '.
  • the back carrier 4 facing the rear end of the seat part 2 is slightly lowered.
  • the back support 4 will thus pivot depending on the prestressing of these spring elements. In this way, an adjustment of the support force of the back part 3 to the weight of the person sitting on the seat part 2 is possible.
  • This embodiment differs from the embodiment according to FIG. 1 in the configuration of the projecting end region of the back support 4.
  • the back support 4 extends in the unloaded state of the seating furniture between the pivot bearing 6 and the region of the articulation of the rear link 9 essentially horizontally.
  • the area of the back support 4 projecting over the pivot bearing 6 is designed in the form of an angle lever so that the articulation point of the spring element 16 is at a greater distance in the vertical direction from the seat part 2 than the remaining, horizontally extending area of the back support 4.
  • the mode of operation of the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 corresponds to that of the embodiment of FIG. 1.
  • the embodiment according to FIG. 2 has a bellows-like, elastic intermediate part 21, which connects the seat part 2 to the back part 3, so that the visual impression of a one-piece seat shell is produced.
  • the intermediate part 21 has no function with regard to the adjustment possibilities of the seating furniture.
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 correspond to the exemplary embodiments of FIGS. 1 and 2 except for the differences described below. The same parts have been provided with the same reference numerals.
  • a horizontally arranged spring element 24 is provided in the exemplary embodiments of FIGS. 3 and 4.
  • the front handlebar 10 (FIGS. 1 and 2) was replaced by a double lever 27, the upper region of which is articulated on the seat part 2 and on the seat support and thus corresponds in its function to the front handlebar 10 of FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • the double lever 27 has a freely projecting lower end, which is in contact with the spring element 24.
  • the other end of the spring element 24 is in contact with an angled area of the back support 4, which forms a lever arm 25.
  • the lever arm 25 preferably extends in the vertical direction and has a right angle to the horizontally extending area of the back support 4.
  • the mode of operation of the seating furniture according to the exemplary embodiments of FIGS. 3 and 4 corresponds to the mode of operation described in connection with FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • a load on the seat part 2 also leads to a preload of the spring element 24, so that the back part 3 can apply a supporting moment to the back of the user of the seating furniture, which, due to the preload of the spring element 24, is adapted to the weight of the person.
  • the end of the seat part 2 facing the back support 4 is not mounted on the back support 4 by means of the rear link 9 but rather directly on the pivot bearing 6 which is arranged in a fixed manner with the seat support 5.
  • loading the seat part 2 preloads the spring element 24, but the seat part 2 remains in its essentially horizontal position, and there is no inclination when the user leans against the back part 3. This can prove to be advantageous if a change in the seating position is undesirable.
  • the seat part 2 is connected in an articulated manner to the seat support 5 by means of the front link 10.
  • the connection of the front link 10 to the seat part 5 takes place via a pivot bearing 31, which is arranged in a stationary manner on the seat support 5.
  • a pivot bearing 31 On the pivot bearing 31 a substantially parallel to the seat part 2 extending handlebar 30 is articulated.
  • the area of the seat part 2 facing the back support 4 is connected in an articulated manner to a first link 32, to which the link rod 30 is also articulated.
  • the first link 32 is connected to the seat part 2 via a pivot bearing 37 which is at a distance from a pivot bearing 38, on which the link rod 30 is articulated on the first link 32.
  • a connecting line of the pivot bearings 37 and 38 is substantially parallel to the front link 10.
  • the distance between a pivot bearing 39, on which the seat part 2 is connected to the front link 10, and the pivot bearing 31 corresponds essentially to the distance between the pivot bearings 37 and 38.
  • a parallelogram is thus formed by the seat part 2, such as the handlebar 30, the front link 10 and the first link 32.
  • the first link 32 has at its lower end at a distance from the pivot bearing 38 and the pivot bearing 37 a further pivot bearing 40, which is displaceable in a link guide 36 of a second link 33.
  • the second link 33 is fixed to a pivot bearing 41 on the seat support 5.
  • the second link 33 can be pivoted about the pivot bearing 41 if the seat part 2 is moved in a substantially vertical direction in its rear region facing the back support 4, i. H. when a user sits on the seat part 2.
  • the link guide 36 is designed in the form of an elongated hole which does not yet extend in a straight direction, but has a curvature which is provided with a radius which corresponds to the distance between the pivot bearings 38 and 40.
  • a spring element 34 is arranged between the pivot bearings 39 and 41, which supports the seat part 2. When the seat part 2 is loaded, the spring element 34 is prestressed.
  • the second link 33 is designed in the form of an angle lever and essentially has a T-shaped configuration.
  • the link guide 36 is formed on the central region of the T-shaped second link 33, while the pivot bearing 41 is provided on the end region of the T region which extends in the transverse direction.
  • a pivot bearing 42 is provided, to which a second spring element 35 is articulated, the other end of which is fixed to the pivot bracket on the seat support 5.
  • the spring element 34 which supports the seat part 2 with respect to the seat support 5, to which the spring element 16 of FIGS. 1 to 4 corresponds, presses the first link 32 into the end of the link guide 36 of the second link pointing upward to the right 33.
  • the first link 32 in the link guide 36 is shifted accordingly, so that the lever arm in the link guide 36 adjusts to the pivot bearing of the second link 33.
  • the pivot bearing 40 of the link guide 36 is displaced when the seat part 2 is loaded, the effective lever length of the second link 33 is reduced.
  • the back support 4 is connected in one piece to the seat part 2.
  • the back part 3 When the back part 3 is loaded, ie when the back support 4 is pivoted, a corresponding downward movement takes place at the same time Kung the part of the seat part 2 facing the back support4.
  • the seat part 2 and the back support 4 are separate parts.
  • the latter is connected to the lower part of the seat support 5 in an articulated manner via a pivot bearing 43.
  • the back carrier 4 has a link guide 36 'which corresponds in its design to the link guide 36 and is arranged in alignment therewith.
  • the pivot bearing 40 of the first link 32 is guided in both link guides 36, 36'. It is thus possible to lower the seat part 2 in the unloaded state of the seating furniture without the inclination of the back support 4 being adjusted because the link guide 36 'coincides with the link guide 36.
  • the link guide 36 can be designed such that the desired adjustment of the back support 4 and thus of the back part 3 is carried out with the required adjustment of the inclination of the seat part 2.
  • the invention is not restricted to the exemplary embodiments shown; rather, various modifications are possible within the scope of the claims.
  • the dimensions and arrangement of the individual links are variable over a wide range.
  • the spring element described in general form can be designed as a mechanical compression spring, for example as a spiral spring. It is among other things however, it is also possible to provide a torsion spring, a pneumatic spring or a combination of a hydraulic and a pneumatic suspension.

Abstract

The seat is intended to have automatic adjustment, which is dependent on the body weight, of the restoring force of the inclination mechanism and the backrest mechanism. The seat part (2) is mounted on the seat support (5) so as to be adjustable in height by means of a parallelogram link arrangement (9, 10) counter to the pretensioning force of a spring element (16). Furthermore, the backrest support (4) is mounted swivellably on the seat support, swivelling of the backrest support (4) taking place counter to the pretensioning force of the spring element (16). The seat can be used, for example, as office furniture, as a seat in a vehicle, or in the household. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Sitzmöbel gemäß dem Oberbegriff von Anspruch 1.The invention relates to seating furniture according to the preamble of claim 1.

Bei bekannten Sitzmöbeln sind das Sitzteil undlader das Rückenteil in ihrer Neigung verstellbar. Einfache Bürostühle weisen meist nur einen Rückenträger auf, der federnd am Sitzträger befestigt ist und an seinem oberen Ende ein höhenverstellbares Rückenteil lagert. Komfortablere Büro-Sitzmöbel haben eine durchgehende Sitzschale, die sowohl das Sitzteil als auch das Rückenteil umfaßt. Die Befestigung des Rückenteils erfolgt dabei meist über aufwendigere mechanische Vorrichtungen, wie sie beispielsweise aus der DE-A-35 20188 bekannt sind.In known seating, the seat part and loader the back part are adjustable in their inclination. Simple office chairs usually have only one back support, which is resiliently attached to the seat support and has a height-adjustable back section at its upper end. More comfortable office seating has a continuous seat shell that includes both the seat part and the back part. The back part is usually attached using more complex mechanical devices, such as are known, for example, from DE-A-35 20188.

Bei bekannten Sitzmöbeln ist - bezogen auf die Ruhestellung des Sitzmöbels - eine Verstellung des Rückenteils in einem Winkelbereich von etwa 5° zum Sitzteil hin und ca. 15° bis 20° vom Sitzteil weg möglich, und zwar mittels einer manuellen Verstelleinrichtung, welche die Stellung des Rückenträgers beeinflußt oder auf ein im Bereich seiner Lagerung angeordnetes Federelement einwirkt Eine Verstellung der Neigung des Rückenträgers bzw. der durch diesen aufgebrachten Stützkraft ist erforderlich, um eine Anpassung des Sitzmöbels an das Gewicht der auf ihm sitzenden Person zu ermöglichen. Für leichtgewichtige Personen genügt eine geringe Stützkraft, während schwergewichtigere Personen eine entsprechend größere Abstützkraft des Rückenträgers bzw. des Rückenteils benötigen. Bei bekannten Sitzmöbeln muß auch die Stellung des Rückenträgers bzw. des Rückenteils an die Körpergröße des Benutzers angepaßt werden.In known seating furniture - based on the rest position of the seating furniture - an adjustment of the back part in an angular range of approximately 5 ° to the seat part and approx. 15 ° to 20 ° away from the seat part is possible, namely by means of a manual adjustment device which changes the position of the Backrest influences or acts on a spring element arranged in the area of its storage. An adjustment of the inclination of the backrest or the support force applied by it is necessary in order to enable the seating to be adapted to the weight of the person sitting on it. A low support force is sufficient for lightweight people, while heavier people require a correspondingly greater support force for the back support or the back part. In known seating, the position of the back support or the back part must also be adapted to the size of the user.

Solche Konstruktionen haben viele Nachteile. So ist die Einstellung von Hand zeitaufwendig und kompliziert ; der jeweilige Benutzer müßte zunächst durch Probesitzen ermitteln, ob das Sitzmöbel verstellt werden muß, oder ob es in der gerade gegebenen Einstellung verwendbar ist. Im allgemeinen verzichtet eine Person, an die das Sitzmöbel nicht angepaßt wurde, beinur kurzzeitigem Gebrauch des Sitzmöbels auf eine derartige Anpassung. Dies führt zu unbequemem Sitzen und möglicherweise auch zu gesundheitlichen Schädigungen. Die Verstell- oder Anpassungsvorgänge erweisen sich insbesondere dann als besonders störend und nachteilig, wenn das Sitzmöbel häufig von verschiedenen Personen verwendet wird, wie dies bei Bürostühlen der Fall ist, die einem jeweils nur kurzzeitig benutzten Arbeitsplatz zugeordnet sind, beispielsweise einem Telex-Gerät oder einem Bild-schirm-Terminal.Such designs have many disadvantages. Manual adjustment is time-consuming and complicated; the respective user would first have to determine by trial sitting whether the seating must be adjusted or whether it can be used in the setting just given. In general, a person to whom the seating has not been adapted does not make such an adjustment for only a short use of the seating. This leads to uncomfortable sitting and possibly also health damage. The adjustment or adjustment processes prove to be particularly annoying and disadvantageous when the seating furniture is frequently used by different people, as is the case with office chairs that are assigned to a workplace that is only used for a short time, for example a telex device or a Screen terminal.

Aus der DE-A-2 026 929 ist ein Sitzmöbel bekannt, dessen Sitzteil mittels einer Parallelogrammlenkeranordnung höhenveränderbar am Sitzträger und dessen Rückenträger an letzterem schwenkbar gelagert ist. Die Belastung der Sitzplatte durch das Gewicht der sitzenden Person hat eine relative Bewegung dieses SitZteils gegenüber dem Sitzträger zur Folge, die wiederum ein Vorrücken der Rückenlehne bewirkt. Sie übt daher auf den Rücken des Benutzers eine im wesentlichen konstante Abstützkraft unabhängig davon aus, ob diese Person eine nach vorn gebeugte oder nach hinten gestreckte Haltung einnimmt.From DE-A-2 026 929 a piece of seating furniture is known, the seat part of which is height-adjustable on the seat support by means of a parallelogram link arrangement and the back support of which is pivotally mounted on the latter. The load on the seat plate by the weight of the seated person results in a relative movement of this seat part with respect to the seat support, which in turn causes the backrest to advance. It therefore exerts a substantially constant support force on the user's back regardless of whether this person is in a forward or backward posture.

Die Abstützkraft ist proportional zum Gewicht des jeweiligen Benutzers ; sie wird durch die Länge eines Hebels bestimmt, der von einem abgeknickten Teil eines Rückenhalters zwischen einem Drücker und dem Schwenklager gebildet wird. Dieser starr abgewinkelte Rückenhalter ist freischwingend auf dem Sitzteil montiert, unter den das Hebelende hinten greift, so daß sich die Neigung des Sitzteils mit jeder Veränderung der Rückenstellung zwangsläufig ändert. Das geht gewöhnlich über die Bedürfnisse der sitzenden Person weit hinaus und vermittelt ihr ein instabiles Gefühl ; man hat sozusagen unfreiwillig einen Schaukelstuhl, was für viele Zwecke nicht erwünscht oder sogar stöhrend ist.The support force is proportional to the weight of the user; it is determined by the length of a lever which is formed by a bent part of a back holder between a pusher and the pivot bearing. This rigidly angled backrest is freely suspended on the seat part, under which the lever end engages at the back, so that the inclination of the seat part inevitably changes with every change in the back position. This usually goes far beyond the needs of the seated person and gives them an unstable feeling; one involuntarily has a rocking chair, so to speak, which is undesirable for many purposes or even annoying.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Stitzmöbel der aus der DE-A-2 026 929 bekannten Art zu schaffen, das von einfachem Aufbau und betribssicherer Handhabung ist, bei dem eine Einstellung der Rückstellkraft der Sitzfläche und der Abstützkraft des Rückenteils zwar ebenfalls automatisch in Abhängigkeit vom Benutzergewicht erfolgt, jedoch ohne daß die erwähnte ständige Neigungsveränderung beider Stützteile in Kauf genommen werden müßte.The invention has for its object to provide a chair of the type known from DE-A-2 026 929, which is of simple construction and safe handling, in which an adjustment of the restoring force of the seat and the supporting force of the back part is also automatically in Depends on the user weight, but without the mentioned constant change in inclination of both support parts would have to be accepted.

Erfindungsgemäß ist der Rückenträger durch Anlehnen der sitzenden Person an das Rückenteil schwenkbar, wobei diese Schwenkbewegung des Rückenträgers gegen die Vorspannung eines Federelements erfolgt.According to the invention, the back support can be pivoted by leaning the seated person against the back part, this pivoting movement of the back support taking place against the bias of a spring element.

Indem das neuartige Federelement dank seiner Vorspannung als Energiespeicherwirkt, der eine indirekte Kraftübertragung vom Sitzteil zum Rückenteil hin ermöglicht, erzielt man in überaus einfacher Weise eine beachtliche Steigerung des Sitzkomforts. Für diese vorteilhafte Konstruktion konnte die aus der DE-A-2 026 929 bekannte Feder, welche lediglich eine mittlere Lage der Rückenlehne im unbelasteten Zustand herbeiführt, kein Vorbild sein. Nach der Erfindung ist zugleich sichergestellt, daß der Rückenträger bzw. das an diesem gelagerte Rückenteil den Benutzer stets ausreichend abstützt. Herkömmlich mögliche Unfälle, wobei sich schwergewichtige Personen zu stark nach hinten lehnen und von dem Rückenteil nicht abgefangen konnten, sind dadurch vermieden. Man braucht auch keine Höheneinstellungen des Rückenteils vorzunehmen, da keine Hebelarm-Anpassung des Rückenteils bzw. Rückenträgers erforderlich ist, um die Abstützkraft einzujustieren.Because the new spring element acts as an energy store thanks to its pretension, which enables indirect power transmission from the seat part to the back part, it is extremely easy to achieve a significant increase in seat comfort. The spring known from DE-A-2 026 929, which only brings about a central position of the backrest in the unloaded state, could not be a model for this advantageous construction. According to the invention it is ensured at the same time that the back support or the back part mounted on it always sufficiently supports the user. Conventional possible accidents, in which heavy people lean too far back and could not be caught by the back, are avoided. There is also no need to adjust the height of the back part, since no adjustment of the lever arm of the back part or back support is required to adjust the support force.

In einer günstigen Ausgestaltung des erfindungsgemäßen Sitzmöbels ist das Schwenklager des Rückenträgers am Sitzträger daran ortsfest angeordnet, wobei ein freier, über das Schwenklager auskragender Hebelarm des Rückenträgers sich gegen das Federelement drückt. Durch eine Belastung des Sitzteils wird das Federelement in Abhängigkeit vom Gewicht des Benutzers vorgespannt. Bei einem Anlehnen an das Rückenteil wird es am Sitzträger unter Abstützung an dem vorgespannten Federeiement verschwenkt. Man erreicht so auf besonders einfache Weise einen direkten Einfluß des Benutzergewichts auf das durch den Rückenträger erzeugte Abstützmoment.In a favorable embodiment of the seating furniture according to the invention, the pivot bearing is The back support on the seat support is arranged thereon in a fixed position, a free lever arm of the back support projecting beyond the pivot bearing being pressed against the spring element. By loading the seat part, the spring element is biased depending on the weight of the user. When leaning against the back part, it is pivoted on the seat support with support on the prestressed spring element. A direct influence of the user weight on the support torque generated by the back support is thus achieved in a particularly simple manner.

Weiterhin ist es günstig, wenn der Hebelarm des Rückenträgers horizontal angeordnet ist und sich gegen das vertikal zwischen dem Sitzteil und dem Hebelarm angeordnete Federelement abstützt. Diese Anordnung erweist sich als besonders platzsparend. Dabei kann ein vorderer, das Sitzteil am Sitzträger lagernder Lenker als Doppelhebel ausgebildet sein, dessen unterer Endbereich sich gegen das im wesentlichen horizontale Federelement abstützt, das zwischen dem Doppelhebel und dem Hebelarm angeordnet ist. Dank dieser Ausgestaltung läßt sich die Gesamtlänge des Federelements beträchtlich erhöhen, wodurch eine Anpassung des Sitzmöbels über einen breiten Gewichtsbereich möglich ist.Furthermore, it is advantageous if the lever arm of the back support is arranged horizontally and is supported against the spring element arranged vertically between the seat part and the lever arm. This arrangement proves to be particularly space-saving. In this case, a front link bearing the seat part on the seat support can be designed as a double lever, the lower end region of which is supported against the essentially horizontal spring element which is arranged between the double lever and the lever arm. Thanks to this design, the overall length of the spring element can be increased considerably, which makes it possible to adapt the seating furniture over a wide weight range.

Vorteilhaft ist das Sitzteil mittels eines vorderen Lenkers am Sitzträger und mittels eines hinteren Lenkers am Rückenträger gelagert. Durch Belastung des Sitzteils wird das Federelement in der beschriebenen Weise vorgespannt; wenn sich die auf dem Sitzmöbel sitzende Person nach hinten lehnt, wird jedoch auch der dem Rückenträger zugewandte Teil des Sitzteils etwas abgesenkt. Dies erhöht in beträchtlichem Maße den Sitzkomfort und kann je nach den gewählten Hebelverhältnissen die Anpaßmöglichkeiten beträchtlich erweitern. Schon durch eine geringe Belastung des Rückenteils beim Zurücklehnen der sitzenden Person wird der dem Rückenträger zugewandte Bereich des Sitzträgers so belastet, daß die Abstützkraft des Rückenteils sich dem Gewicht der Person und der Belastung des Sitzmöbels automatisch anpaßt.The seat part is advantageously mounted on the seat support by means of a front link and on the back support by means of a rear link. By loading the seat part, the spring element is biased in the manner described; if the person sitting on the seating furniture leans back, however, the part of the seat part facing the back support is also lowered somewhat. This increases the seating comfort considerably and, depending on the lever ratios chosen, can considerably expand the adjustment options. Even a small load on the back part when the seated person leans back is the area of the seat support facing the back support so loaded that the supporting force of the back part automatically adapts to the weight of the person and the load on the seating furniture.

Bei einer anderen Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Sitzmöbels ist das Sitzteil mittels eines vorderen Lenkers an einem am Sitzträger ortsfesten Schwenklager gelagert, an dem eine Lenkerstange angreift, die an dem Sitzteil mittels eines schwenkbar daran angeordneten, in seinem mittleren Bereich an der Lenkerstange gelagerten ersten Lenkers gelagert ist., dessen freies Ende über eine an einem zweiten Lenker ausgebildete Kulissenführung mit dem ortsfest schwenkbar am Sitzträger gelagerten zweiten Lenker verbunden ist. Im Gegensatz zu dem vorbeschriebenen Ausführungsbeispiel hat diese Konstruktion den Vorteil, daß bei einer Verschwenkung derParallelogrammlenkanordnung nicht nur ein Federelement vorgespannt wird, sondem sich das Hebelverhältnis insgesamt ändert. Auf diese Weise ist es möglich, den Kraftangriffspunkt auf das Federelement dadurch zu verändern, daß der zweite Lagerungspunkt der Parallelogrammlenkeranordnung an dem Sitzträger über einen zweiten Lenker erfolgt, also nicht ortsfest ist. Da zwischen dem ersten Lenker und dem zweiten Lenker eine Kulissenführung vorgesehen ist, ergeben sich vielfältige Variationen der wirksamen Länge des zweiten Lenkers in Abhängigkeit von der Belastung des Sitzteils.In another embodiment of the seating furniture according to the invention, the seat part is mounted by means of a front link on a pivot bearing which is stationary on the seat support and which is acted upon by a handlebar which is mounted on the seat part by means of a first link which is pivotally mounted thereon and is mounted on the handlebar in its central region ., The free end of which is connected via a link guide formed on a second link to the second link mounted pivotally on the seat support. In contrast to the previously described embodiment, this construction has the advantage that when the parallelogram steering arrangement is pivoted, not only is a spring element preloaded, but the lever ratio changes overall. In this way it is possible to change the point of application of force to the spring element in that the second mounting point of the parallelogram link arrangement on the seat support takes place via a second link, that is to say it is not stationary. Since a link guide is provided between the first link and the second link, there are many variations in the effective length of the second link depending on the load on the seat part.

In einer Weiterbildung des letztgenannten Ausführungsbeispiels ergeben sich Vorteile insbesondere daraus, daß das Federelement am Anlenkpunkt des zweiten Lenkers am Sitzträger und am Anlenkpunkt des vorderen Lenkers an dem Sitzteil gelagert ist. Auf diese Weise kann eine größtmögliche Länge des Federelementes erreichtwerden, welche zu einer Einstellbarkeit des Sitzmöbels in einem besonders weiten Gewichtsbereich führt.In a development of the last-mentioned exemplary embodiment, advantages result in particular from the fact that the spring element is mounted on the seat support at the articulation point of the second link and on the seat part at the articulation point of the front link. In this way, the greatest possible length of the spring element can be achieved, which leads to an adjustability of the seating furniture in a particularly wide weight range.

In besonders vorteilhafter Weiterentwicklung ist am Schwenklager ein zweites Federelement gelagert, dessen Antriebsende am zweiten Lenker gelagert ist. Das zweite Federelement dient dazu, eine zusätzliche Stützkraft auf das Rückenteil aufzubringen. Da das zweite Federelement an dem zweiten Lenker gelagert ist, ergeben sich bei einer Belastung des Sitzteils durch das Zusammenwirken des ersten Lenkers und des zweiten Lenkers auch Veränderungen des Kraftangriffspunktes des zweiten Federelementes, so daß dessen Vorspannung entsprechend verändert wird.In a particularly advantageous further development, a second spring element is mounted on the pivot bearing, the drive end of which is mounted on the second link. The second spring element serves to apply an additional supporting force to the back part. Since the second spring element is mounted on the second link, there are also changes in the force application point of the second spring element when the seat part is loaded by the interaction of the first link and the second link, so that its pretension is changed accordingly.

Es erweist sich insbesondere als günstig, wenn der zweite Lenker im wesentlichen T-förmig ausgebildet ist, wobei das Federelement und das zweite Federelement jeweils am äußeren Ende der Querverbindung des T gelagert sind, während die Kulissenführung im wesentlichen längs des Endbereichs des freien Endes des T ausgebildet ist. Auf diese Weise wird der zweite Lenker in Form eines Winkelhebels ausgebildet, wodurch die Veränderung der Kraftantriebspunkte und der jeweiligen Hebelarme auf besonders wirkungsvolle Weise vorgenommen werden kann.It proves to be particularly advantageous if the second link is essentially T-shaped, the spring element and the second spring element each being mounted on the outer end of the cross connection of the T, while the link guide essentially along the end region of the free end of the T is trained. In this way, the second link is designed in the form of an angle lever, as a result of which the power drive points and the respective lever arms can be changed in a particularly effective manner.

Im folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen in Verbindung mit der Zeichnung beschrieben.The invention is described below using exemplary embodiments in conjunction with the drawing.

Es zeigt :

  • Fig. 1 eine schematische Seitenansicht eines ersten Ausführungsbeispiels des erfindungsgemäßen Sitzmöbels,
  • Fig. 2 eine schematische Seitenansicht eines Ausführungsbeispiels ähnlich dem Ausführungsbeispiel von Fig. 1,
  • Fig. 3 eine schematische Seitenansicht eines weiteren Ausführungsbeispiels,
  • Fig. 4 eine schematische Seitenansicht eines weiteren Ausführungsbeispiels, ähnlich dem Ausführungsbeispiel von Fig. 3,
  • Fig. 5 eine schematische Seitenansicht eines weiteren Ausführungsbeispiels und
  • Fig. 6 in schematischer Seitenansicht eine Weiterentwicklung des Ausführungsbeispiels von Fig. 5.
It shows :
  • 1 is a schematic side view of a first embodiment of the seating furniture according to the invention,
  • 2 is a schematic side view of an embodiment similar to the embodiment of FIG. 1,
  • 3 shows a schematic side view of a further exemplary embodiment,
  • 4 shows a schematic side view of a further embodiment, similar to the embodiment of FIG. 3,
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic side view of another embodiment and
  • 6 is a schematic side view of a further development of the embodiment of FIG. 5.

Das in den Fig. 1 bis 6 dargestellte Sitzmöbel weist jeweils einen Sitzträger 5 auf, welcher in üblicher Weise mit Füßen und zusätzlich mit Rollen versehen sein kann. Zur Lagerung eines Sitzteiles 2 weist der Sitzträger 5 an seinem oberen Ende einen im wesentlichen waagerecht angeordneten Bereich auf.The seating furniture shown in FIGS. 1 to 6 each has a seat support 5, which can be provided in the usual way with feet and additionally with castors. To support a seat part 2, the seat support 5 has an essentially horizontally arranged area at its upper end.

Bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel, welches in Fig. 1 gezeigt ist, ist das Sitzteil 2 mittels eines vorderen und eines hinteren Lenkers 10,9 an dem Sitzträger 5 gelagert. Das Sitzteil 2, die Lenker 10, 9 und der entsprechende Bereich des Sitzträgers 5 bilden ein Parallelogramm. Bei einer Belastung des Sitzteils 2 ist dieses in vertikaler Richtung um die Anlenkpunkte der Lenker 10, 9 verschwenkbar. Bedingt durch die parallelogrammartige Lagerung erfolgt auch eine geringfügige horizontale Versetzung des Sitzteils 2 bei dessen Belastung. An einem Schwenklager 6 ist ein Rückenträger 4 gelagert, welcher an seinem oberen Ende ein Rückenteil 3 trägt. Das Rückenteil 3 kann gelenkig an dem Rückenträger 4 angeordnet sein, der Rückenträger 4 kann, wie üblich, eine gewisse Eigenelastizität aufweisen. Abweichend von dem oben beschriebenen allgemeinen Lagerungsprinzip des Sitzteils 2 an dem Sitzträger 5 ist bei dem in Fig. 1 gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel der hintere Lenker 9 direkt an einem waagerechten Teil des Rückenträgers 4 angelenkt. Der Rückenträger 4 weist einen über das Schwenklager 6 auskragenden Endbereich auf, welcher sich ebenfalls im wesentlichen in waagrechter Richtung erstreckt und als untere Anlage für ein Federelement 16 dient, welches sich mit seinem oberen Bereich gegen das Sitzteil 2 abstützt. Im Bereich des hinteren Lenkers 9 ist ein weiteres Federelement 16' zwischen dem waagrechten Teil des Rückenträgers 4 und dem Sitzträger 5 angeordnet. Auch das Federelement 16' erstreckt sich in vertikaler Richtung.In the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the seat part 2 is mounted on the seat support 5 by means of a front and a rear link 10,9. The seat part 2, the handlebars 10, 9 and the corresponding area of the seat support 5 form a parallelogram. When the seat part 2 is loaded, it can be pivoted in the vertical direction about the articulation points of the links 10, 9. Due to the parallelogram-like mounting, there is also a slight horizontal displacement of the seat part 2 when it is loaded. A back support 4 is mounted on a pivot bearing 6 and carries a back part 3 at its upper end. The back part 3 can be arranged in an articulated manner on the back support 4, the back support 4 can, as usual, have a certain intrinsic elasticity. Deviating from the general storage principle of the seat part 2 on the seat support 5 described above, in the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 1 the rear link 9 is articulated directly on a horizontal part of the back support 4. The back support 4 has an end region which projects over the pivot bearing 6 and which likewise extends essentially in a horizontal direction and serves as a lower contact for a spring element 16 which is supported with its upper region against the seat part 2. In the area of the rear link 9, a further spring element 16 'is arranged between the horizontal part of the back support 4 and the seat support 5. The spring element 16 'also extends in the vertical direction.

Bei einer Belastung des Sitzteils 2 wird dieses, bedingt durch die parallelogrammlenkerartige Anordnung nach unten gedrückt Dies führt zu einer Belastung der Federelemente 16, 16', d. h. diese Federelemente werden durch das Gewicht der auf dem Sitzteil 2 sitzenden Person vorgespannt. Das Schwenklager 6 bildet, wie beschrieben, eine Schwenkmöglichkeit für den Rückenträger 4, wodurch dieser in üblicher Weise um 15° bis 20° von dem Sitzteil 2 weg verschwenkbar ist. Wenn sich eine Bedienungsperson gegen das Rückenteil 3 lehnt, erfolgt somit eine Verschwenkung des Rückenträgers 4 um das Schwenklager 6. Dies bewirkt zum einen eine Belastung der Feder 16, als auch eine Belastung der Feder 16'. Zugleich wird das dem Rückenträger 4 zugewandte hinter Ende des Sitzteils 2 geringfügig abgesenkt. Durch die anfänglich erfolgte Vorspannung der Federelemente 16, 16' wird eine Verschwenkung des Rückenträgers 4 somit in Abhängigkeit von der Vorspannung dieser Federelemente erfolgen. Auf diese Weise ist eine Anpassung der Abstützkraft des Rückenteils 3 an das Gewicht der auf dem Sitzteil 2 sitzenden Person möglich.When the seat part 2 is loaded, it is pressed down due to the parallelogram-type arrangement. This leads to a load on the spring elements 16, 16 ', ie. H. these spring elements are biased by the weight of the person sitting on the seat part 2. As described, the pivot bearing 6 forms a pivoting possibility for the back support 4, as a result of which it can be pivoted away from the seat part 2 in the usual manner by 15 ° to 20 °. When an operator leans against the back part 3, the back support 4 is pivoted about the pivot bearing 6. This causes a load on the spring 16 as well as a load on the spring 16 '. At the same time, the back carrier 4 facing the rear end of the seat part 2 is slightly lowered. As a result of the initial prestressing of the spring elements 16, 16 ', the back support 4 will thus pivot depending on the prestressing of these spring elements. In this way, an adjustment of the support force of the back part 3 to the weight of the person sitting on the seat part 2 is possible.

Bei dem in Fig. 2 gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel sind gleiche Teile mit gleichen Bezugsziffern versehen. Dieses Ausführungsbeispiel unterscheidet sich von dem Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß Fig. 1 in der Ausgestaltung des auskragenden Endbereichs des Rückenträgers 4. Der Rückenträger 4 erstreckt sich im unbelasteten Zustand des Sitzmöbels zwischen dem Schwenklager 6 und dem Bereich derAnlenkung des hinteren Lenkers 9 im wesentlichen horizontal. Der über das Schwenklager 6 auskragende Bereich des Rückenträgers 4 ist in Form eines Winkelhebels so ausgebildet, daß der Anlenkpunkt des Federelements 16 in vertikaler Richtung von dem Sitzteil 2 einen größeren Abstand aufweist, als der restliche, sich horizontal erstreckende Bereich des Rückenträgers 4. Auf diese Weise ist es möglich, nur ein Federelement 16 zu verwenden, welches vertikal zwischen dem auskragenden Bereich des Rückenträgers 4 und dem Sitzteil 2 angeordnet ist. Die Funktionsweise des in Fig. 2 gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiels entspricht der des Ausführungsbeispiels von Fig. 1.In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the same parts are provided with the same reference numbers. This embodiment differs from the embodiment according to FIG. 1 in the configuration of the projecting end region of the back support 4. The back support 4 extends in the unloaded state of the seating furniture between the pivot bearing 6 and the region of the articulation of the rear link 9 essentially horizontally. The area of the back support 4 projecting over the pivot bearing 6 is designed in the form of an angle lever so that the articulation point of the spring element 16 is at a greater distance in the vertical direction from the seat part 2 than the remaining, horizontally extending area of the back support 4. On this It is possible in this way to use only one spring element 16, which is arranged vertically between the projecting region of the back support 4 and the seat part 2. The mode of operation of the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 corresponds to that of the embodiment of FIG. 1.

Weiterhin weist das Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß Fig. 2 ein faltenbalgartiges, elastisches Zwischenteil 21 auf, welches das Sitzteil 2 mit dem Rückenteil 3 verbindet, so daß der optische Eindruck einer einstückigen Sitzschale hervorgerufen wird. Das Zwischenteil21 übt hinsichtlich derverstellmöglichkeiten des Sitzmöbels keine Funktion aus.Furthermore, the embodiment according to FIG. 2 has a bellows-like, elastic intermediate part 21, which connects the seat part 2 to the back part 3, so that the visual impression of a one-piece seat shell is produced. The intermediate part 21 has no function with regard to the adjustment possibilities of the seating furniture.

Die in den Fig. 3 und 4 gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiele entsprechen bis auf die nachfolgend geschilderten Unterschiede den Ausführungsbeispielen von Fig. 1 und 2. Gleiche Teile wurden mmit gleichen Beugszeichen versehen. Im Unterschied zu den Ausführungsbeispielen der Fig. 1 und 2 ist bei den Ausführungsbeispielen der Fig. 3 und 4 ein horizontal angeordnetes Federelement24vorgesehen. Dervordere Lenker 10 (Fig. 1 und 2) wurde durch einen Doppelhebel 27 ersetzt, dessen oberer Bereich an demm Sitzteil 2 und an dem Sitzträger angelenkt ist und somit in seiner Funktion dem vorderen Lenker 10 der Fig. 1 und 2 entspricht. Der Doppelhebel 27 weist ein frei auskragendes unteres Ende auf, welches sich in Anlage gegen das Federelement 24 befindet. Das andere Ende des Federelements 24 befindet sich in Anlage an einem abgewinkelten Bereich des Rückenträgers 4, welcher einen Hebelarm 25 bildet Der Hebelarm 25 erstreckt sich vorzugsweise in vertikaler Richtung und weist einen rechten Winkel zu dem sich waagerecht erstreckenden Bereich Rückenträgers 4 auf.The exemplary embodiments shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 correspond to the exemplary embodiments of FIGS. 1 and 2 except for the differences described below. The same parts have been provided with the same reference numerals. In contrast to the exemplary embodiments of FIGS. 1 and 2, a horizontally arranged spring element 24 is provided in the exemplary embodiments of FIGS. 3 and 4. The front handlebar 10 (FIGS. 1 and 2) was replaced by a double lever 27, the upper region of which is articulated on the seat part 2 and on the seat support and thus corresponds in its function to the front handlebar 10 of FIGS. 1 and 2. The double lever 27 has a freely projecting lower end, which is in contact with the spring element 24. The other end of the spring element 24 is in contact with an angled area of the back support 4, which forms a lever arm 25. The lever arm 25 preferably extends in the vertical direction and has a right angle to the horizontally extending area of the back support 4.

Die Funktionsweise der Sitzmöbel gemäß den Ausführungsbeispielen von Fig. 3 und 4 entspricht der in Zusammenhang mit den Fig. 1 und 2 beschriebenen Funktionsweise. Eine Belastung des Sitzteils 2 führt auch hier zu einer Vorspannung des Federelements 24, so daß das Rückenteil 3 ein Abstützmoment auf den Rücken des Benutzers des Sitzmöbels aufbringen kann, welches, bedingt durch die Vorspannung des Federelements 24, dem Gewicht der Person angepaßt ist.The mode of operation of the seating furniture according to the exemplary embodiments of FIGS. 3 and 4 corresponds to the mode of operation described in connection with FIGS. 1 and 2. A load on the seat part 2 also leads to a preload of the spring element 24, so that the back part 3 can apply a supporting moment to the back of the user of the seating furniture, which, due to the preload of the spring element 24, is adapted to the weight of the person.

In Fig. 3 ist in gestrichelter Ausführung eine weitere Ausgestaltungsvariante dargestellt. Gemäß dieser Ausgestaltungsvariante ist das dem Rückenträger 4 zugewandte Ende des Sitzteils 2 mittels des hinteren Lenkers 9 nicht an dem Rückenträger 4 sondern direkt an dem ortsfest mit dem Sitzträger 5 angeordneten Schwenklager 6 gelagert. Somit bewirkt eine Belastung des Sitzteils 2 zwar eine Vorspannung des Federelements 24, das Sitzteil 2 verbleibtjedoch in seiner im wesentlichen waagrechten Lage, es erfolgt keine Schrägstellung, wenn sich der Benutzer gegen das Rückenteil 3 anlehnt. Dies kann sich dann als vorteilhaft erweisen, wenn eine Veränderung der Sitzposition unerwünscht ist.3 shows a further embodiment variant in dashed lines. According to this embodiment variant, the end of the seat part 2 facing the back support 4 is not mounted on the back support 4 by means of the rear link 9 but rather directly on the pivot bearing 6 which is arranged in a fixed manner with the seat support 5. Thus, loading the seat part 2 preloads the spring element 24, but the seat part 2 remains in its essentially horizontal position, and there is no inclination when the user leans against the back part 3. This can prove to be advantageous if a change in the seating position is undesirable.

In Fig. 5 ist ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel des erfindungsgemäßen Sitzmöbels dargestellt, bei welchem wiederum gleiche Teile mit gleichen Bezugsziffern versehen wurden. Bei diesem Ausführungsbeispiel ist das Sitzteil 2 an seinem vorderen Bereich mittels des vorderen Lenkers 10 mit dem Sitzträger5 gelenkig verbunden. Die Verbindung des vorderen Lenkers 10 mit dem Sitzteil 5 erfolgt über ein Schwenklager 31, welches ortsfest an dem Sitzträger 5 angeordnet ist. An dem Schwenklager 31 ist eine sich im wesentichen parallel zu dem Sitzteil 2 erstreckende Lenkerstange 30 gelenkig angeordnet. Der dem Rückenträger 4 zugewandte Bereich des Sitzteils 2 ist gelenkig mit einem ersten Lenker 32 verbunden, an welchem auch die Lenkerstange 30 angelenkt ist. Der erste Lenker 32 ist mit dem Sitzteil 2 über ein Schwenklager 37 verbunden, welches einen Abstand zu einem Schwenklager 38 aufweist, an welchem die Lenkerstange 30 an dem ersten Lenker 32 angelenkt ist. Eine Verbindungslinie der Schwenklager 37 und 38 ist im wesentlichen parallel zu dem vorderen Lenker 10. Der Abstand zwischen einem Schwenklager 39, an welchem das Sitzteil 2 mit dem vorderen Lenker 10 verbunden ist, und dem Schwenklager 31 entspricht im wesentlichen dem Abstand zwischen den Schwenklagern 37 und 38. Durch das Sitzteil 2, wie Lenkerstange 30, den vorderen Lenker 10 und den ersten Lenker 32 wird somit ein Parallelogramm gebildet.5 shows a further exemplary embodiment of the seating furniture according to the invention, in which, in turn, the same parts have been provided with the same reference numbers. In this exemplary embodiment, the seat part 2 is connected in an articulated manner to the seat support 5 by means of the front link 10. The connection of the front link 10 to the seat part 5 takes place via a pivot bearing 31, which is arranged in a stationary manner on the seat support 5. On the pivot bearing 31 a substantially parallel to the seat part 2 extending handlebar 30 is articulated. The area of the seat part 2 facing the back support 4 is connected in an articulated manner to a first link 32, to which the link rod 30 is also articulated. The first link 32 is connected to the seat part 2 via a pivot bearing 37 which is at a distance from a pivot bearing 38, on which the link rod 30 is articulated on the first link 32. A connecting line of the pivot bearings 37 and 38 is substantially parallel to the front link 10. The distance between a pivot bearing 39, on which the seat part 2 is connected to the front link 10, and the pivot bearing 31 corresponds essentially to the distance between the pivot bearings 37 and 38. A parallelogram is thus formed by the seat part 2, such as the handlebar 30, the front link 10 and the first link 32.

Der erste Lenker 32 weist an seinem unteren Ende in einem Abstand zu dem Schwenklager 38 und dem Schwenklager 37 ein weiteres Schwenklager 40 auf, welches in einer Kulissenführung 36 eines zweiten Lenkers 33 verschiebbar ist. Derzweite Lenker 33 ist an einem Schwenklager 41 ortsfest an dem Sitzträger5 gelagert. Somit kann der zweite Lenker 33 um das Schwenklager41 verschwenkt werden, wenn das Sitzteil 2 in seinem dem Rückenträger4 zugewandten hinteren Bereich in im wesentlichen vertikaler Richtung bewegt wird, d. h. wenn sich ein Benutzer auf das Sitzteil 2 setzt. Die Kulissenführung 36 ist in Form eines Langlochs ausgebildet, welches sich noch nicht in gerader Richtung erstreckt, sondern eine Krümmung aufweist, die mit einem Radius versehen ist, der dem Abstand zwischen den Schwenklagern 38 und 40 entspricht.The first link 32 has at its lower end at a distance from the pivot bearing 38 and the pivot bearing 37 a further pivot bearing 40, which is displaceable in a link guide 36 of a second link 33. The second link 33 is fixed to a pivot bearing 41 on the seat support 5. Thus, the second link 33 can be pivoted about the pivot bearing 41 if the seat part 2 is moved in a substantially vertical direction in its rear region facing the back support 4, i. H. when a user sits on the seat part 2. The link guide 36 is designed in the form of an elongated hole which does not yet extend in a straight direction, but has a curvature which is provided with a radius which corresponds to the distance between the pivot bearings 38 and 40.

Zwischen den Schwenklagern 39 und 41 ist ein Federelement 34 angeordnet, welches eine Abstützung des Sitzteils 2 bewirkt. Bei einer Belastung des Sitzteils 2 wird das Federelement 34 vorgespannt.A spring element 34 is arranged between the pivot bearings 39 and 41, which supports the seat part 2. When the seat part 2 is loaded, the spring element 34 is prestressed.

Der zweite Lenker 33 ist in Form eines Winkelhebels ausgebildet und weist im wesentlichen eine T-förmige Ausgestaltung auf. Die Kulissenführung 36 ist an dem zentralen Bereich des T-förmigen zweiten Lenkers 33 ausgebildet, während das Schwenklager 41 am Endbereich des sich in Querrichtung erstreckenden T-Bereichs vorgesehen ist. Gegenüberliegend dem Schwenklager41 ist ein Schwenklager 42 vorgesehen, an welchem ein zweites Federelement 35 angelenkt ist, dessen anderes Ende an dem Schwenklager ortsfest an dem Sitzträger 5 befestigt ist.The second link 33 is designed in the form of an angle lever and essentially has a T-shaped configuration. The link guide 36 is formed on the central region of the T-shaped second link 33, while the pivot bearing 41 is provided on the end region of the T region which extends in the transverse direction. Opposite the pivot bearing 41, a pivot bearing 42 is provided, to which a second spring element 35 is articulated, the other end of which is fixed to the pivot bracket on the seat support 5.

In der unbelasteten Stellung des Sitzmöbels drückt das Federelement 34, welches das Sitzteil 2 gegenüber dem Sitzträger 5 abstützt, welchem das Federelement 16 der Fig. 1 bis 4 entspricht, den ersten Lenker 32 in das nach rechts oben weisende Ende der Kulissenführung 36 des zweiten Lenkers 33. Bei einer Belastung des Sitzteils 2 wird der erste Lenker 32 in der Kulissenführung 36 entsprechend verschoben, so daß sich der Hebelarm in der Kulissenführung 36 zum Schwenklager des zweiten Lenkers 33 verstellt. Es tritt bei einer Verschiebung des Schwenklagers 40 der Kulissenführung 36 bei einer Belastung des Sitzteils 2 somit eine Verkleinerung der wirksamen Hebellänge des zweiten Lenkers 33 auf. Da jedoch der Hebelarm, welcher über das Schwenklager 42 das zweite Federelement 35 beaufschlagt, unverändert geblieben ist, ändert sich das Übersetzungsverhältnis, so daß nunmehr eine größere Kraft für eine Verstellung des Rückenträgers 4 von dem Sitzteil 2 weg erforderlich ist. Auf diese Weise erfolgt eine automatische Anpassung an das Gewicht des Benutzers dadurch, daß der wirksame Hebelarm des zweiten Lenkers 33 in Abhängigkeit vom Gewicht des Benutzers gegen die Vorspannkraft des Federeiements 34 verändert wird.In the unloaded position of the seating furniture, the spring element 34, which supports the seat part 2 with respect to the seat support 5, to which the spring element 16 of FIGS. 1 to 4 corresponds, presses the first link 32 into the end of the link guide 36 of the second link pointing upward to the right 33. When the seat part 2 is loaded, the first link 32 in the link guide 36 is shifted accordingly, so that the lever arm in the link guide 36 adjusts to the pivot bearing of the second link 33. When the pivot bearing 40 of the link guide 36 is displaced when the seat part 2 is loaded, the effective lever length of the second link 33 is reduced. However, since the lever arm, which acts on the second spring element 35 via the pivot bearing 42, has remained unchanged, the transmission ratio changes, so that now a greater force is required to adjust the back support 4 away from the seat part 2. In this way, an automatic adjustment to the weight of the user takes place in that the effective lever arm of the second link 33 is changed depending on the weight of the user against the biasing force of the spring element 34.

Bei dem in Fig. 5 gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel ist der Rückenträger 4 einstückig mit dem Sitzteil 2 verbunden. Bei einer Belastung des Rückenteils 3, d. h. bei einer Verschwenkung des Rückenträgers 4 erfolgt somit gleichzeitig eine entsprechende Absenkung des dem Rückenträger4 zugewandten Teils des Sitzteils 2.In the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 5, the back support 4 is connected in one piece to the seat part 2. When the back part 3 is loaded, ie when the back support 4 is pivoted, a corresponding downward movement takes place at the same time Kung the part of the seat part 2 facing the back support4.

Das in Fig. 6 dargestellte Ausführungsbeispiel entspricht im wesentlichen demjenigen von Fig. 5, so daß gleiche Teile wiederum mit gleichen Bezugsziffern versehen wurden. Gemäß Fig. 6 sind das Sitzteil 2 und der Rückenträger 4 getrennte Teile. Letzterer ist am unteren Bereich des Sitzträgers 5 mit diesem überein Schwenklager43 gelenkig verbunden. In seinem mittleren Bereich weist der Rückenträger 4 eine Kulissenführung 36' auf, die in ihrer Gestaltung der Kulissenführung 36 entspricht und zu dieserfluchtend angeordnet ist Das Schwenklager40 des ersten Lenkers 32 ist in beiden Kulissenführungen 36, 36' geführt. Somit ist es möglich, im unbelasteten Zustand des Sitzmöbels das Sitzteil 2 abzusenken, ohne daß eine Verstellung der Neigung des Rückenträgers 4 erfolgt, weil die Kulissenführung 36' mit der Kulissenführung 36 übereinstimmt. Außerhalb dieses Bereichs der Kulissenführungen 36, 36' kann die Kulissenführung 36 so gestaltet sein, daß die gewünschte Verstellung des Rückenträgers 4 und damit des Rückenteils 3 mit der erforderlichen Verstellung der Neigung des Sitzteils 2 erfolgt.The embodiment shown in Fig. 6 corresponds essentially to that of Fig. 5, so that the same parts have been given the same reference numerals. 6, the seat part 2 and the back support 4 are separate parts. The latter is connected to the lower part of the seat support 5 in an articulated manner via a pivot bearing 43. In its central region, the back carrier 4 has a link guide 36 'which corresponds in its design to the link guide 36 and is arranged in alignment therewith. The pivot bearing 40 of the first link 32 is guided in both link guides 36, 36'. It is thus possible to lower the seat part 2 in the unloaded state of the seating furniture without the inclination of the back support 4 being adjusted because the link guide 36 'coincides with the link guide 36. Outside this area of the link guides 36, 36 ', the link guide 36 can be designed such that the desired adjustment of the back support 4 and thus of the back part 3 is carried out with the required adjustment of the inclination of the seat part 2.

Die Erfindung ist nicht auf die gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiele beschränkt; vielmehr sind im Rahmen der Patentansprüche vielfältige-Abwandlungen möglich. Insbesondere sind Dimensionierung und Anordnung der einzelnen Lenker in weitem Bereich variabel. Das in allgemeiner Form beschriebene Federelement kann als mechanische Druckfeder ausgebildet sein, beispielsweise als Spiralfeder. Es ist u.a. jedoch auch möglich, eine Torsionsfeder, eine pneumatische Feder oder eine Kombination einer hydraulischen und einer pneumatischen Federung vorzusehen.The invention is not restricted to the exemplary embodiments shown; rather, various modifications are possible within the scope of the claims. In particular, the dimensions and arrangement of the individual links are variable over a wide range. The spring element described in general form can be designed as a mechanical compression spring, for example as a spiral spring. It is among other things however, it is also possible to provide a torsion spring, a pneumatic spring or a combination of a hydraulic and a pneumatic suspension.

Claims (14)

1. Seating furniture with a seating part (2), which is mounted to be variable in height, by means of a parallelogram control arrangement (9, 10 ; 9.27 ; 10, 30, 32), on a seat support (5), on which is swivellably arranged a back support (4) by which a back-rest part (3) is supported with variable supporting force, characterised in that the back support (4) is swivellable by the seated person leaning on the back-rest part (3), this swivelling movement of the back support (4) occurring against the biasing force of a spring element (16, 24, 34).
2. Seating furniture according to claim 1, characterised in that the back support (4) is mounted on the seat support (5) by means of a swivel bearing (6) fixedly arranged on the seat support (5) and that a free lever arm (15, 25) of the back support (4), projecting beyond the swivel bearing (6), is disposed in a pressure-applying position with respect to the spring element (16, 24).
3. Seating furniture according to claim 2, characterised in that the lever arm (15) is arranged horizontally and is supported against the spring element (16) arranged vertically between the seating part (2) and the lever arm (15).
4. Seating furniture according to claim 2, characterised in that a forward link member mounting the seating part (2) on the seat support (5) is formed as a double lever (27), of which the downwardly extending end region is supported against the substantially horizontally arranged spring element (24), which is disposed between the double lever (27) and the lever arm (25).
5. Seating furniture according to one of the claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the seating part (2), for forming a joint-free seating member, is connected by means of a resilient intermediate part (21) to the back-rest part (3).
6. Seating furniture according to one of the claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the seating part (2) is mounted by means of a front connecting link (10, 27) on the seat support (5) and by means of a rear connecting link (9) on the back support (4).
7. Seating furniture according to claim 1, characterised in that the seating part (2) is mounted on the seat support (5) by means of a front link (10) on a pivot bearing (31) in a fixed position on the seat support (5), that a connecting rod (30) is mounted on the pivot bearing (31) and that the connecting rod (30) is mounted on the seating part (2) by means of a first link (32) which is mounted to be swivellable on the seating part (2) and mounted in its middle region on the connecting rod (30) and that the free end of the first link (32) is connected, through a guideway (36) formed on a second link (33), to the second link (33) mounted to be swivellable in a fixed position on the seat support (5).
8. Seating furniture according to claim 7, characterised in that a parallelogram is formed by the forward link (10), the seat part (2), the first link (32) and the connecting rod (30).
9. Seating furniture according to one of the claims 7 to 8, characterised in that the spring element (34) is mounted at the pivot point of the second link (33) on the seat support (5) and at the pivot point of the front link (10) on the seating part (2).
10. Seating furniture according to one of the claims 7 to 9, characterised in that the guideway (36) is in the form of a slot.
11. Seating furniture according to one of the claims 7 to 10, characterised in that the pivot bearing (31) has mounted thereon a second spring element (35), the other end of which is pivoted on the second link (33).
12. Seating furniture according to claim 11, characterised in that the second link (33) is made substantially T-shaped, the spring element (34) and the second spring element (35) each being mounted on the outer end of the transverse connection of the T, while the guideway (36) is formed substantially along the end region of the free end of the T.
13. Seating furniture according to one of the claims 7 to 12, characterised in that the back support (4) is formed in one piece with the seating part (2).
14. Seating furniture according to one of the claims 7 to 12, characterised in that the back support (4) is mounted to be rockable on the seat support (5) and is provided with a slot-like guideway (36') which, when the seating furniture is not under load, is in alignment with the guideway (36), and that the back support (4), by means of the slot-like guideway (36') at the connection between the first link (32) and the second link (33), is mounted on this latter.
EP88100026A 1987-01-09 1988-01-05 Seat Expired - Lifetime EP0277474B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT88100026T ATE62385T1 (en) 1987-01-09 1988-01-05 SEATING.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3700447 1987-01-09
DE19873700447 DE3700447A1 (en) 1987-01-09 1987-01-09 SEAT FURNITURE

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EP0277474A1 EP0277474A1 (en) 1988-08-10
EP0277474B1 true EP0277474B1 (en) 1991-04-10
EP0277474B2 EP0277474B2 (en) 1993-09-15

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ID=6318587

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US (1) US4962962A (en)
EP (1) EP0277474B2 (en)
JP (1) JPH0628609B2 (en)
KR (1) KR930000855B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE62385T1 (en)
AU (1) AU602043B2 (en)
BR (1) BR8800051A (en)
CA (1) CA1278995C (en)
DE (2) DE3700447A1 (en)
DK (1) DK3388A (en)
ES (1) ES2018460T5 (en)
GR (1) GR3001993T3 (en)
NO (1) NO880060L (en)
YU (1) YU47462B (en)
ZA (1) ZA88123B (en)

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YU47462B (en) 1995-10-03
BR8800051A (en) 1988-08-02
JPS63240805A (en) 1988-10-06
JPH0628609B2 (en) 1994-04-20
ZA88123B (en) 1989-03-29
YU1688A (en) 1990-04-30
KR890011564A (en) 1989-08-21
AU602043B2 (en) 1990-09-27
AU1014888A (en) 1988-07-14
US4962962A (en) 1990-10-16
NO880060D0 (en) 1988-01-08
DK3388A (en) 1988-07-10
ES2018460T5 (en) 1995-08-01
EP0277474A1 (en) 1988-08-10
ES2018460A4 (en) 1991-04-16
CA1278995C (en) 1991-01-15
DE3700447A1 (en) 1988-07-21
NO880060L (en) 1988-07-11
KR930000855B1 (en) 1993-02-08
DK3388D0 (en) 1988-01-06
ATE62385T1 (en) 1991-04-15
ES2018460B3 (en) 1992-01-01
DE3862308D1 (en) 1991-05-16
GR3001993T3 (en) 1992-11-23
EP0277474B2 (en) 1993-09-15

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