EP0275983B1 - Medium tension switching apparatus for a high-intensity direct current - Google Patents
Medium tension switching apparatus for a high-intensity direct current Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0275983B1 EP0275983B1 EP19880100700 EP88100700A EP0275983B1 EP 0275983 B1 EP0275983 B1 EP 0275983B1 EP 19880100700 EP19880100700 EP 19880100700 EP 88100700 A EP88100700 A EP 88100700A EP 0275983 B1 EP0275983 B1 EP 0275983B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- contacts
- coolant liquid
- internal passages
- recondensed
- condenser
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229920002457 flexible plastic Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- BOSAWIQFTJIYIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl BOSAWIQFTJIYIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012809 cooling fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H1/00—Contacts
- H01H1/62—Heating or cooling of contacts
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/002—Very heavy-current switches
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a medium voltage switching device for high intensity direct current, comprising a fixed contact and a movable contact, each provided with an internal passage for circulating a coolant, and current leads to these contacts. .
- Document DE-A-2 303550 describes a selector for an inductive transformer or ballast, the contacts of which are cooled by a circulation of refrigerant, traveling through a closed circuit comprising, where appropriate, a circulation pump and a cooling exchanger.
- this refrigerant remains constantly in the liquid phase, so that its capacity for cooling the contacts is limited.
- Document GB-A-241 284 also discloses an electrical cut-off member for a spot welding device whose contacts of the cut-off member are cooled by a fluid. This electrical cut-off member has the characteristics described in the preamble of claim 1.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a medium-voltage breaking device for high intensity direct current which makes it possible to ensure good cooling of the contacts, and therefore to reduce their dimensions, without however resorting to an auxiliary source of energy.
- the subject of the invention is therefore a breaking device for high intensity current, comprising a fixed contact and a movable contact each provided with an internal passage for circulation of a coolant and current leads to these contacts, characterized in that the device interrupting a direct current flowing in a medium-voltage network further comprises at least one free-air air condenser, the internal passages of the contacts being connected to conduits which bring the partially vaporized coolant into these passages to the condenser, conduits for supplying the recondensed coolant being connected to said internal passages of the contacts, the circulation of the coolant being carried out only by natural convection.
- This guy device is particularly advantageous when the contacts are contained in a vacuum envelope, which increases the performance of the contacts.
- the device consists of a fixed contact 1 and a movable contact 2.
- the position of the movable contact when the contacts are opened is shown in phantom in 2A.
- the current inputs and outputs are made up of connections 3 and 4 and braids 5 and 6.
- the contacts are pierced with bores forming internal passages 7, 8 for cooling fluid circulation.
- the diameter of these bores is sufficient to avoid the phenomena of heat build-up of the refrigerant.
- the latter is for example trichloro-trifluoroethane.
- the cooling circuit comprises two condensers 9, 10, surmounted by chimneys 18, 19 activating the vertical flow of refrigeration air ensuring the condensation of the partially vaporized refrigerant during its circulation through the internal passages 7, 8 of the contacts.
- supply conduits 11, 12 made of polytetrafluoroethylene, flexible and heat-resistant plastic.
- separators 13, 14 make it possible to separate the non-vaporized refrigerant, which is returned by conduits 15, 16 to its recipe reservoir 17, from the refrigerant in the vapor state.
- the refrigerant condenses in indirect heat exchange with the ambient air, which is evacuated via the chimneys 18, 19, and returns via the conduits 20, 21 to the recipe reservoir 17 of liquid refrigerant.
- the position of this tank is low enough to avoid a significant hydrostatic overpressure.
- conduits 22, then 23, 24 bring the coolant back to the internal passages 7, 8 of the contacts.
- the same contacts provided with a cooling device according to the invention, can allow the passage of a double current, ie 6000 amperes, by evacuating a calorific power of 800 Watts and by heating only 50 ° C.
Landscapes
- Cooling Or The Like Of Electrical Apparatus (AREA)
- Cooling Or The Like Of Semiconductors Or Solid State Devices (AREA)
Description
La présente invention concerne un appareil de coupure en moyenne tension pour courant continu de forte intensité, comprenant un contact fixe et un contact mobile, munis chacun d'un passage interne de circulation d'un liquide réfrigérant, et des amenées de courant à ces contacts.The present invention relates to a medium voltage switching device for high intensity direct current, comprising a fixed contact and a movable contact, each provided with an internal passage for circulating a coolant, and current leads to these contacts. .
Le document DE-A-2 303550 décrit un sélecteur pour transformateur ou ballast inductif dont les contacts sont refroidis par une circulation de réfrigérant, parcourant un circuit fermé comportant, le cas échéant, une pompe de circulation et un échangeur de refroidissement. Mais ce réfrigérant reste constamment en phase liquide, de sorte que sa capacité de refroidissement des contacts est limitée.Document DE-A-2 303550 describes a selector for an inductive transformer or ballast, the contacts of which are cooled by a circulation of refrigerant, traveling through a closed circuit comprising, where appropriate, a circulation pump and a cooling exchanger. However, this refrigerant remains constantly in the liquid phase, so that its capacity for cooling the contacts is limited.
On connaît également par le document GB-A- 241 284 un organe de coupure électrique pour un appareil de soudure par points dont les contacts de l'organe de coupure sont refroidis par un fluide. Cet organe de coupure électrique présente les caractéristiques décrites dans le préambule de la revendication 1.Document GB-A-241 284 also discloses an electrical cut-off member for a spot welding device whose contacts of the cut-off member are cooled by a fluid. This electrical cut-off member has the characteristics described in the preamble of claim 1.
L'ouverture rapide d'appareils de coupure à contact fixe et contact mobile ne pose pas de difficulté particulière quand les courants qui les traversent sont d'intensité inférieure au millier d'ampères. Lorsque les intensités sont supérieures, les masses en mouvement augmentent avec l'intensité et nécessitent, pour une vitesse d'ouverture donnée, d'augmenter d'autant les efforts d'ouverture, ce qui pose des problèmes de tenue mécanique. La largeur du contact mobile, ainsi que le volume de la chambre de coupure qui le contient, augmentent. On constate alors de grandes difficultés, voire des impossibilités à couper certains courants.The rapid opening of switching devices with fixed contact and mobile contact does not pose any particular difficulty when the currents passing through them are of intensity less than a thousand amps. When the intensities are higher, the masses in movement increase with the intensity and require, for a given opening speed, to increase the opening forces correspondingly, which poses mechanical resistance problems. The width of the movable contact, as well as the volume of the interrupting chamber which contains it, increases. There are then great difficulties, even impossibilities to cut certain currents.
Par ailleurs, les conditions d'exploitation imposent une fiabilité qui interdit l'emploi d'une source auxiliaire d'énergie de refroidissement, soit ventilateur d'air, soit pompe de circulation d'eau, et exclut l'emploi de systèmes de ventilation forcée qui permettraient de réduire les dimensions des contacts.In addition, the operating conditions impose a reliability which prohibits the use of an auxiliary source of cooling energy, either an air fan or a water circulation pump, and excludes the use of ventilation systems. forced which would reduce the dimensions of the contacts.
La présente invention a pour but de procurer un appareil de coupure en moyenne tension pour courant continu de forte intensité qui permette d'assurer un bon refroidissement des contacts, et donc de réduire leurs dimensions, sans cependant recourir à une source auxiliaire d'énergie.The object of the present invention is to provide a medium-voltage breaking device for high intensity direct current which makes it possible to ensure good cooling of the contacts, and therefore to reduce their dimensions, without however resorting to an auxiliary source of energy.
L'invention a donc pour objet un appareil de coupure pour courant de forte intensité, comprenant un contact fixe et un contact mobile pourvus chacun d'un passage interne de circulation d'un liquide réfrigérant et des amenées de courant à ces contacts, caractérisé en ce que l'appareil coupant un courant continu s'écoulant dans un réseau de tension moyenne comporte en outre au moins un condenseur à air en circulation libre, les passages internes des contacts étant connectés à des conduits qui amènent le liquide réfrigérant partiellement vaporisé dans ces passages au condenseur, des conduits d'amenée du liquide réfrigérant recondensé étant connectés auxdits passages internes des contacts, la circulation du liquide réfrigérant étant réalisée uniquement par convection naturelle.The subject of the invention is therefore a breaking device for high intensity current, comprising a fixed contact and a movable contact each provided with an internal passage for circulation of a coolant and current leads to these contacts, characterized in that the device interrupting a direct current flowing in a medium-voltage network further comprises at least one free-air air condenser, the internal passages of the contacts being connected to conduits which bring the partially vaporized coolant into these passages to the condenser, conduits for supplying the recondensed coolant being connected to said internal passages of the contacts, the circulation of the coolant being carried out only by natural convection.
Il répond en outre de préférence à au moins l'une des caractéristiques suivantes :
- Il comporte de plus un réservoir de recette du liquide réfrigérant recondensé dans le condenseur, au moins un conduit d'amenée du liquide réfrigérant recondensé du condenseur au réservoir de recette, et les conduits d'amenée connectés aux passages internes des contacts transportent le liquide réfrigérant recondensé du réservoir de recette auxdits passages internes des contacts.
- Les condenseurs à air sont munis de cheminées verticales d'évacuation de l'air réchauffé en échange indirect de chaleur avec le liquide réfrigérant partiellement vaporisé.
- Les conduits d'amenée du liquide réfrigérant des passages internes des contacts jusqu'au condenseur, et d'amenée du liquide réfrigérant recondensé aux passages internes des contacts, sont en matière plastique souple résistante à la chaleur.
- Les diamètres des passages internes des contacts sont suffisamment grands pour éviter tout phénomène de caléfaction du liquide réfrigérant.
- It further comprises a reservoir for the recondensed refrigerant liquid in the condenser, at least one conduit for supplying the recondensed refrigerant liquid from the condenser to the recipe reservoir, and the supply conduits connected to the internal passages of the contacts transport the refrigerant liquid. recondensed from the recipe tank to said internal passages of the contacts.
- The air condensers are fitted with vertical chimneys for evacuating the heated air in indirect heat exchange with the partially vaporized coolant.
- The conduits for supplying the coolant from the internal passages of the contacts to the condenser, and for supplying the recondensed coolant to the internal passages of the contacts, are made of flexible heat-resistant plastic.
- The diameters of the internal passageways of the contacts are large enough to avoid any phenomenon of heat build-up of the coolant.
Le refroidissement des contacts est donc assuré par le changement d'état liquide-vapeur du réfrigérant. Ce type d'appareil est particulièrement intéressant lorsque les contacts sont contenus dans une enveloppe sous vide, qui permet d'augmenter les performances des contacts.The cooling of the contacts is therefore ensured by the change of liquid-vapor state of the refrigerant. This guy device is particularly advantageous when the contacts are contained in a vacuum envelope, which increases the performance of the contacts.
Il est décrit ci-après, à titre d'exemple et en référence aux figures du dessin annexé, un appareil de coupure selon l'invention, permettant de doubler le courant permanent pour un même échauffement des contacts par rapport au courant admissible s'ils étaient refroidis par convection naturelle.
- La figure 1 représente l'appareil de coupure en élévation.
- La figure 2 représente le même appareil en élévation vu à 90° de la figure 1.
- Figure 1 shows the cutting device in elevation.
- FIG. 2 represents the same device in elevation seen at 90 ° from FIG. 1.
L'appareil se compose d'un contact fixe 1 et d'un contact mobile 2. La position du contact mobile en cas d'ouverture des contacts est représentée en trait mixte en 2A. Les entrées et sorties de courant sont constitées par les connexions 3 et 4 et les tresses 5 et 6.The device consists of a fixed contact 1 and a
Les contacts sont percés d'alésages formant des passages internes 7, 8 de circulation de fluide réfrigérant. Le diamètre de ces alésages est suffisant pour éviter les phénomènes de caléfaction du réfrigérant. Ce dernier est par exemple du trichloro-trifluoréthane.The contacts are pierced with bores forming
Le circuit de refroidissement comprend deux condenseurs 9, 10, surmontés de cheminées 18, 19 activant le courant d'air vertical de réfrigération assurant la condensation du réfrigérant partiellement vaporisé lors de sa circulation par les passages internes 7, 8 des contacts.The cooling circuit comprises two
Ces derniers sont reliés aux condenseurs par des conduits d'amenée 11, 12 en polytétrafluoréthylène, matière plastique souple et résistante à la chaleur.The latter are connected to the condensers by
A l'entrée des condenseurs, des séparateurs 13, 14 permettent de séparer le réfrigérant non vaporisé, qui est renvoyé par des conduits 15, 16 à son réservoir de recette 17, du réfrigérant à l'état de vapeur. Dans les condenseurs, le réfrigérant se condense en échange indirect de chaleur avec l'air ambiant, qui s'évacue par les cheminées 18, 19, et revient par les conduits 20, 21 au réservoir de recette 17 de réfrigérant liquide. La position de ce réservoir est suffisamment basse pour éviter une surpression hydrostatique notable.At the inlet of the condensers,
Du réservoir 17, des conduits 22, puis 23, 24 ramènent le fluide réfrigérant aux passages internes 7, 8 des contacts.From the
Des essais comparatifs ont montré que, pour des contacts refroidis en convection naturelle et s'échauffant à 100° C en fonctionnement, on peut admettre un courant de 3000 Ampères. Ceci correspond à une puissance calorifique à évacuer de 200 Watts.Comparative tests have shown that, for contacts cooled in natural convection and heating to 100 ° C in operation, a current of 3000 amperes can be accepted. This corresponds to a heat output of 200 Watts.
Les mêmes contacts, munis d'un dispositif de refroidissement selon l'invention, peuvent permettre le passage d'un courant double, soit 6000 Ampères, en évacuant une puissance calorifique de 800 Watts et en ne s'échauffant que de 50°C.The same contacts, provided with a cooling device according to the invention, can allow the passage of a double current, ie 6000 amperes, by evacuating a calorific power of 800 Watts and by heating only 50 ° C.
Claims (5)
- High-current switching apparatus comprising a fixed contact (1) and a mobile contact (2) each provided with an internal passage (7, 8) for circulation of a coolant liquid and means (5, 6) for conducting currents to said contacts characterised in that for switching direct current in a medium-voltage circuit the apparatus further comprises at least one free circulation air condenser (9, 10), the internal passages (7, 8) of the contacts being connected to pipes (11, 12) which convey the partially evaporated coolant liquid in said passages to the condenser (9, 10), recondensed coolant liquid pipes (22, 23, 24) being connected to said internal passages (7, 8) of the contacts, the coolant liquid being circulated exclusively by natural convection.
- Apparatus according to claim 1 characterised in that it further comprises a storage tank (17) receiving coolant liquid recondensed in the condenser (9, 10) via a recondensed coolant liquid pipe (20, 21) running from the condenser (9, 10) to the storage tank (17) and in that said pipes (22, 23, 24) connected to the internal passages (7, 8) of the contacts convey the recondensed coolant liquid from the storage tank (17) to said internal passages (7, 8) of the contacts.
- Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2 characterised in that the condensers (9, 10) are provided with vertical chimneys (18, 19) for exhausting air heated by indirect exchange of heat with the partially evaporated coolant liquid.
- Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3 characterised in that the pipes (11, 12) for conveying the coolant liquid from the internal passages (7, 8) of the contacts to the condenser and the pipes (22, 23, 24) for conveying the recondensed coolant liquid to the internal passages (7, 8) of the contacts are made from a heat-resistant flexible plastics material.
- Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4 characterised in that the diameters of the internal passages (7, 8) of the contacts are sufficiently large to prevent overheating of the coolant liquid.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR8700651A FR2609836A1 (en) | 1987-01-21 | 1987-01-21 | MEDIUM VOLTAGE CUTTING APPARATUS FOR HIGH INTENSITY CONTINUOUS CURRENT |
| FR8700651 | 1987-01-21 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0275983A1 EP0275983A1 (en) | 1988-07-27 |
| EP0275983B1 true EP0275983B1 (en) | 1993-03-10 |
Family
ID=9347109
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP19880100700 Expired - Lifetime EP0275983B1 (en) | 1987-01-21 | 1988-01-19 | Medium tension switching apparatus for a high-intensity direct current |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0275983B1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3878936T2 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2609836A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE202011110166U1 (en) * | 2011-02-18 | 2013-01-18 | Schneider Electric Sachsenwerk Gmbh | Cooling device for an electrical switchgear, in particular of medium and high voltage engineering |
| US9918406B2 (en) * | 2016-07-12 | 2018-03-13 | Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation | Mounting arrangements for electrical contactors |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB241284A (en) * | 1924-07-17 | 1925-10-19 | Budd Edward G Mfg Co | Improvements in electric switches |
| FR928556A (en) * | 1946-05-02 | 1947-12-02 | Alsthom Cgee | Improvement in electrical switches and connectors with unprotected cut-offs against bad weather, in particular those of these devices which must be able to operate quickly |
| GB1063117A (en) * | 1963-12-02 | 1967-03-30 | Philips Electronic Associated | Sliding contact arrangements |
| DE2303550A1 (en) * | 1973-01-25 | 1974-08-01 | Transformatoren Union Ag | SELECTOR OR CHANGEOVER FOR TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS AND THE LIKE |
-
1987
- 1987-01-21 FR FR8700651A patent/FR2609836A1/en active Pending
-
1988
- 1988-01-19 EP EP19880100700 patent/EP0275983B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-01-19 DE DE19883878936 patent/DE3878936T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2609836A1 (en) | 1988-07-22 |
| EP0275983A1 (en) | 1988-07-27 |
| DE3878936T2 (en) | 1993-06-17 |
| DE3878936D1 (en) | 1993-04-15 |
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