EP0275427B1 - Shock wave discharge tube - Google Patents

Shock wave discharge tube Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0275427B1
EP0275427B1 EP87117767A EP87117767A EP0275427B1 EP 0275427 B1 EP0275427 B1 EP 0275427B1 EP 87117767 A EP87117767 A EP 87117767A EP 87117767 A EP87117767 A EP 87117767A EP 0275427 B1 EP0275427 B1 EP 0275427B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
membrane
shock wave
wave tube
cavitation
coil
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP87117767A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0275427A1 (en
Inventor
Franz Dipl.-Ing. Grasser (Fh)
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP0275427A1 publication Critical patent/EP0275427A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K9/00—Devices in which sound is produced by vibrating a diaphragm or analogous element, e.g. fog horns, vehicle hooters or buzzers
    • G10K9/12—Devices in which sound is produced by vibrating a diaphragm or analogous element, e.g. fog horns, vehicle hooters or buzzers electrically operated

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a shock wave tube with a coil carrier and with a metallic membrane arranged in front of the coil for generating shock waves in a liquid.
  • a shock wave tube for crushing concrements in a patient, for example to crushing kidney stones.
  • a shock wave tube which has a coil holder made of ceramic for longer durability.
  • a flat coil is attached to the front of the coil carrier.
  • An insulating film and a round membrane made of electrically conductive material are attached in front of the flat coil by means of a retaining ring.
  • the membrane By applying a discharge pulse to the flat coil, the membrane is suddenly moved away from the flat coil, so that the membrane is exposed to high mechanical forces.
  • the membrane consists of a beryllium bronze, for example.
  • On the side of the membrane facing the flat coil e.g. applied a silver layer.
  • shock wave tube Due to the high pressure pulse emitted, for example 100 bar, the materials of such a shock wave tube are heavily stressed by the discharges. For example, after a few thousand deflections of the membrane, the shock impulses cause material to migrate in the middle of the membrane, which can even result in a hole in the membrane. As a result, the liquid can penetrate through the membrane, so that an adequate insulation gap is no longer guaranteed. This also destroys the flat coil and makes the entire shock wave tube unusable.
  • the invention is based on the object of designing a shock wave tube of the type mentioned at the outset in such a way that the strength of the membrane and thus the durability of the entire shock wave tube are increased.
  • the object is achieved in that the membrane on the side facing the liquid is covered by a cavitation-resistant layer. This prevents excessive fluid cavitation, which is responsible for hollowing out the membrane, so that the membrane can withstand a higher number of shock waves without being significantly damaged.
  • the cavitation-resistant layer consists of rubber, which can be vulcanized onto the membrane, for example as a thin film.
  • a likewise cavitation-resistant layer is obtained if titanium nitrite or titanium carbide is applied to the membrane.
  • the membrane has high strength when e.g. consists of copper-beryllium bronze. The conductivity and thus the mode of action of the membrane is increased if e.g. the surface of the side of the membrane facing the coil is silver-plated.
  • a shock wave tube 1 is partially shown, which has a coil carrier 2, for example made of aluminum oxide ceramic, on the front side of which a discharge coil designed as a flat coil 3 is glued with the aid of a synthetic resin 4.
  • An insulating film 6 is placed as an intermediate layer between the flat coil 3 and a membrane 5.
  • the flat coil 3, the insulating film 6 and the membrane 5 are pressed together tightly by a retaining ring 7, which is fastened to the coil carrier 2 in a suitable manner.
  • the coils 3, the membrane 5 and the insulating film 6 arranged between them is drawn at a distance from each other.
  • the membrane 5 can for example consist of a copper-beryllium bronze. However, it can also be made from a copper alloy, for example “K 75” or aluminum or an aluminum alloy.
  • the membrane 5 can be coated on the side facing the flat coil 3 with a conductive layer 8, e.g. Silver be refined.
  • a conductive layer 8 e.g. Silver be refined.
  • a layer 9 which can be made of rubber, for example, is applied to the side of the membrane 5 that faces the liquid.
  • the layer 9 can either consist of a thin rubber film lying on the membrane 5 or a thin rubber film is vulcanized onto the membrane 5.
  • a short electrical voltage pulse of high amplitude is applied to the flat coil 3.
  • the electro-magnetic field generated in this way causes the membrane 5 to move suddenly away from the flat coil 9.
  • the membrane 5, however, is pressed firmly against the flat coil 3 on its circumference with the interposition of the insulating film 6.
  • the repulsive movement is ideally generated approximately uniformly over the free surface of the membrane 5, whereby a shock wave P is emitted.
  • a short-term vacuum is created on its surface, which causes the water mass to hit the membrane at supersonic speed. Such a process would slowly destroy the untreated membrane 5.
  • a cavitation-resistant layer 9 to the membrane 5 is prevented.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Stoßwellenrohr mit einem Spulenträger und mit einer vor der Spule angeordneten metallischen Membran zur Erzeugung von Stoßwellen in einer Flüssigkeit. Sie bezieht sich insbesondere auf ein Stoßwellenrohr zum Zertrümmern von Konkrementen in einem Patienten, beispielsweise auf die Nierenstein-Zertrümmerung.The invention relates to a shock wave tube with a coil carrier and with a metallic membrane arranged in front of the coil for generating shock waves in a liquid. In particular, it relates to a shock wave tube for crushing concrements in a patient, for example to crushing kidney stones.

In der DE-OS 35 02 751 ist ein derartiges Stoßwellenrohr beschrieben, das zur längeren Haltbarkeit einen Spulenträger aus Keramik aufweist. Auf der Stirnseite des Spulenträgers ist eine Flachspule befestigt. Durch einen Haltering sind vor der Flachspule eine Isolierfolie und davor eine runde Membran aus elektrisch leitendem Material befestigt. Durch Anlegen eines Entladungsimpulses an die Flachspule wird die Membran schlagartig von der Flachspule wegbewegt, so daß die Membran hohen mechanischen Kräften ausgesetzt ist. Zur Erhöhung der mechanischen Festigkeit besteht die Membran beispielsweise aus einer Berylliumbronze. Auf der der Flachspule zugewandten Seite der Membran ist zur Erhöhung der Leitfähigkeit z.B. eine Silberschicht aufgetragen.In DE-OS 35 02 751 such a shock wave tube is described, which has a coil holder made of ceramic for longer durability. A flat coil is attached to the front of the coil carrier. An insulating film and a round membrane made of electrically conductive material are attached in front of the flat coil by means of a retaining ring. By applying a discharge pulse to the flat coil, the membrane is suddenly moved away from the flat coil, so that the membrane is exposed to high mechanical forces. To increase the mechanical strength, the membrane consists of a beryllium bronze, for example. On the side of the membrane facing the flat coil, e.g. applied a silver layer.

Aufgrund des hohen abgegebenen Druckimpulses von z.B. 100 bar werden die Materialien eines solchen Stoßwellenrohres durch die Entladungen stark beansprucht. So entstehen beispielsweise nach einigen tausend Auslenkungen der Membran durch die Stoßimpulse Materialauswanderungen in der Mitte der Membran, die sogar dazu führen können, daß in der Membran ein Loch entsteht. Dadurch kann die Flüssigkeit durch die Membran dringen, so daß eine ausreichende Isolationsstrecke nicht mehr gewährleistet ist. Dadurch wird auch die Flachspule zerstört und das gesamte Stoßwellenrohr unbrauchbar.Due to the high pressure pulse emitted, for example 100 bar, the materials of such a shock wave tube are heavily stressed by the discharges. For example, after a few thousand deflections of the membrane, the shock impulses cause material to migrate in the middle of the membrane, which can even result in a hole in the membrane. As a result, the liquid can penetrate through the membrane, so that an adequate insulation gap is no longer guaranteed. This also destroys the flat coil and makes the entire shock wave tube unusable.

Die Erfindung geht von der Aufgabe aus, ein Stoßwellenrohr der eingangs genannten Art derart auszubilden, daß die Festigkeit der Membran und damit die Haltbarkeit des gesamten Stoßwellenrohres erhöht werden.The invention is based on the object of designing a shock wave tube of the type mentioned at the outset in such a way that the strength of the membrane and thus the durability of the entire shock wave tube are increased.

Die Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß die Membran auf der der Flüssigkeit zugewandten Seite durch eine kavitationsfeste Schicht abgedeckt ist. Dadurch wird eine übermässige Flüssigkeitskavitation, die für das Aushöhlen der Membrane verantwortlich ist, verhindert, so daß die Membran eine höhere Anzahl von Stoßwellen aushält, ohne nennenswert beschädigt zu werden.The object is achieved in that the membrane on the side facing the liquid is covered by a cavitation-resistant layer. This prevents excessive fluid cavitation, which is responsible for hollowing out the membrane, so that the membrane can withstand a higher number of shock waves without being significantly damaged.

Es hat sich als vorteilhaft erwiesen, wenn die kavitationsfeste Schicht aus Gummi besteht, die beispielsweise als dünne Folie auf der Membran aufvulkanisiert sein kann. Eine ebenfalls kavitationsfeste Schicht erhält man, wenn Titan-Nitrit oder Titan-Carbid auf die Membran aufgetragen wird. Die Membran weist eine hohe Festigkeit auf, wenn sie z.B. aus Kupfer-Berylliumbronze besteht. Die Leitfähigkeit und damit die Wirkungsweise der Membran wird erhöht, wenn z.B. die Oberfläche der der Spule zugewandten Seite der Membran versilbert ist.It has proven to be advantageous if the cavitation-resistant layer consists of rubber, which can be vulcanized onto the membrane, for example as a thin film. A likewise cavitation-resistant layer is obtained if titanium nitrite or titanium carbide is applied to the membrane. The membrane has high strength when e.g. consists of copper-beryllium bronze. The conductivity and thus the mode of action of the membrane is increased if e.g. the surface of the side of the membrane facing the coil is silver-plated.

Die Erfindung ist nachfolgend anhand eines in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispieles näher erläutert.The invention is explained below with reference to an embodiment shown in the drawing.

In der Figur ist ein Stoßwellenrohr 1 teilweise dargestellt, das einen Spulenträger 2, beispielsweise aus Aluminiumoxid-Keramik, aufweist, auf dessen Stirnseite eine als Flachspule 3 ausgeführte Entladungsspule mit Hilfe eines Kunstharzes 4 aufgeklebt ist. Zwischen der Flachspule 3 und einer Membran 5 ist eine Isolierfolie 6 als Zwichenlage gelegt. Die Flachspule 3, die Isolierfolie 6 sowie die Membran 5 werden durch einen Rückhaltering 7, der am Spulenträger 2 in geeigneter Weise befestigt ist, eng aneinandergepreßt zusammengehalten. Aus Gründen einer besseren Übersicht sind die Spulen 3, die Membran 5 sowie die dazwischen angeordnete Isolierfolie 6 jeweils im Abstand voneinander gezeichnet.In the figure, a shock wave tube 1 is partially shown, which has a coil carrier 2, for example made of aluminum oxide ceramic, on the front side of which a discharge coil designed as a flat coil 3 is glued with the aid of a synthetic resin 4. An insulating film 6 is placed as an intermediate layer between the flat coil 3 and a membrane 5. The flat coil 3, the insulating film 6 and the membrane 5 are pressed together tightly by a retaining ring 7, which is fastened to the coil carrier 2 in a suitable manner. For the sake of a better overview, the coils 3, the membrane 5 and the insulating film 6 arranged between them is drawn at a distance from each other.

Die Membran 5 kann beispielsweise aus einer Kupfer-Berylliumbronze bestehen. Sie kann aber auch aus einer Kupferlegierung, beispielsweise "K 75" oder Aluminium bzw. einer Aluminiumlegierung erstellt sein.The membrane 5 can for example consist of a copper-beryllium bronze. However, it can also be made from a copper alloy, for example “K 75” or aluminum or an aluminum alloy.

Zur Erhöhung der Leitfähigkeit der Membran 5 und damit zur Erzeugung effektiverer Stoßwellen kann die Membran 5 auf der der Flachspule 3 zugewandten Seite mit einer leitfähigen Schicht 8, z.B. Silber veredelt sein. Dies ist aber nur erforderlich, wenn die Eigenleitfähigkeit des Membranmaterials zu gering ist. Auf der der Flüssigkeit zu gerichteten Seite der Membran 5 ist zur Verhinderung von Flüssigkeitskavitationen eine Schicht 9 aufgetragen, die beispielsweise aus Gummi bestehen kann. Hierbei kann die Schicht 9 entweder aus einer dünnen, auf der Membran 5 anliegenden Gummifolie bestehen oder es ist eine dünne Gummifolie auf die Membran 5 vulkanisiert. Es ist aber auch denkbar, auf die Membran 5 eine Schicht 9 aus Titan-Nitrit oder Titan-Carbid aufzutragen. Diese Materialien weisen eine größere Festigkeit in bezug auf die Flüssigkeitskavitation als Berylliumbronze auf.To increase the conductivity of the membrane 5 and thus to generate more effective shock waves, the membrane 5 can be coated on the side facing the flat coil 3 with a conductive layer 8, e.g. Silver be refined. However, this is only necessary if the intrinsic conductivity of the membrane material is too low. To prevent liquid cavitation, a layer 9, which can be made of rubber, for example, is applied to the side of the membrane 5 that faces the liquid. Here, the layer 9 can either consist of a thin rubber film lying on the membrane 5 or a thin rubber film is vulcanized onto the membrane 5. However, it is also conceivable to apply a layer 9 of titanium nitrite or titanium carbide to the membrane 5. These materials have greater liquid cavitation strength than beryllium bronze.

Während des Betriebes des Stoßwellenrohre 1 wird auf die Flachspule 3 ein kurzer elektrischer Spannungsimpuls von hoher Amplitude gegeben. Das so erzeugte elektro-magnetische Feld bewirkt, daß sich die Membran 5 schlagartig von der Flachspule 9 weg bewegt. Die Membran 5 ist jedoch an ihrem Umfang unter Zwischenlage der Isolierfolie 6 fest an die Flachspule 3 gedrückt. Die abstoßende Bewegung wird im Idealfall annähernd gleichmäßig über der freien Fläche der Membran 5 erzeugt, wodurch eine Stoßwelle P ausgesandt wird. Bei Beendigung des Auslenkprozesses der Membran 5 entsteht an ihrer Oberfläche kurzzeitig ein Unterdruck, der bewirkt, daß die Wassermasse mit Überschallgeschwindigkeit auf die Membran auftrifft. Ein derartiger Vorgang würde die unbehandelte Membran 5 langsam zerstören. Durch die Anbringung einer kavitationsfesten Schicht 9 auf der Membran 5 wird dieses aber unterbunden.During the operation of the shock wave tubes 1, a short electrical voltage pulse of high amplitude is applied to the flat coil 3. The electro-magnetic field generated in this way causes the membrane 5 to move suddenly away from the flat coil 9. The membrane 5, however, is pressed firmly against the flat coil 3 on its circumference with the interposition of the insulating film 6. The repulsive movement is ideally generated approximately uniformly over the free surface of the membrane 5, whereby a shock wave P is emitted. At the end of the deflection process of the membrane 5, a short-term vacuum is created on its surface, which causes the water mass to hit the membrane at supersonic speed. Such a process would slowly destroy the untreated membrane 5. Through the The application of a cavitation-resistant layer 9 to the membrane 5 is prevented.

Dadurch wird eine Vergrößerung der Lebensdauer der Membran und damit des gesamten Stoßwellenrohres erzielt.This increases the life of the membrane and thus the entire shock wave tube.

Claims (7)

  1. Shock wave tube having a coil carrier 2 and having a metallic membrane (5) arranged in front of the coil (3) for the production of shock waves in a liquid, characterized in that the membrane (5) on the side facing the liquid is covered by a cavitation-resistant layer (9).
  2. Shock wave tube according to claim 1, characterized in that the cavitation-resistant layer (9) consists of rubber.
  3. Shock wave tube according to claim 2, characterized in that the rubber is vulcanized on to the membrane (5) as thin film.
  4. Shock wave tube according to claim 1, characterized in that the cavitation-resistant layer (9) consists of titanium nitrite.
  5. Shock wave tube according to claim 1, characterized in that the cavitation-resistant layer (9) consists of titanium carbide.
  6. Shock wave tube according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the membrane (5) consists of copper beryllium bronze.
  7. Shock wave tube according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the surface of the side of the membrane (5) facing the coil (3) is silver-plated.
EP87117767A 1986-12-15 1987-12-01 Shock wave discharge tube Expired - Lifetime EP0275427B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3642781 1986-12-15
DE3642781 1986-12-15

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0275427A1 EP0275427A1 (en) 1988-07-27
EP0275427B1 true EP0275427B1 (en) 1991-09-11

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87117767A Expired - Lifetime EP0275427B1 (en) 1986-12-15 1987-12-01 Shock wave discharge tube

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EP (1) EP0275427B1 (en)
DE (1) DE3772958D1 (en)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3932745A1 (en) * 1989-09-30 1991-04-18 Dornier Medizintechnik FLAT REEL
DE4032357C1 (en) * 1990-10-12 1992-02-20 Dornier Medizintechnik Gmbh, 8000 Muenchen, De
DE4228963C2 (en) * 1992-08-31 1998-10-22 Siemens Ag Pressure pulse source with a cavitation-resistant coated membrane
DE19824791A1 (en) * 1998-06-03 1999-12-16 Kayser Automotive Systems Gmbh Tank protection valve
DE10211886B4 (en) * 2002-03-18 2004-07-15 Dornier Medtech Gmbh Method and device for generating bipolar acoustic pulses

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3258741A (en) * 1966-06-28 Acoustical signal generation by elec- trical coils deflecting a diaphragm
US2648837A (en) * 1952-03-10 1953-08-11 Standard Oil Dev Co Pulsed sound system
DE3502751A1 (en) * 1985-01-28 1986-07-31 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München SHOCK SHAFT PIPE WITH A LONG LIFETIME

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0275427A1 (en) 1988-07-27
DE3772958D1 (en) 1991-10-17

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