EP0272218A2 - Method of preparing a hologram - Google Patents
Method of preparing a hologram Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0272218A2 EP0272218A2 EP87810745A EP87810745A EP0272218A2 EP 0272218 A2 EP0272218 A2 EP 0272218A2 EP 87810745 A EP87810745 A EP 87810745A EP 87810745 A EP87810745 A EP 87810745A EP 0272218 A2 EP0272218 A2 EP 0272218A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- ferric
- ferric salt
- bleach bath
- litre
- acid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000007844 bleaching agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- -1 silver halide Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000004061 bleaching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- IOLCXVTUBQKXJR-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium bromide Chemical group [K+].[Br-] IOLCXVTUBQKXJR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 7
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 229950007919 egtazic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- DEFVIWRASFVYLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylene glycol bis(2-aminoethyl)tetraacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCOCCOCCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O DEFVIWRASFVYLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- QPCDCPDFJACHGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-bis{2-[bis(carboxymethyl)amino]ethyl}glycine Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(=O)O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O QPCDCPDFJACHGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229960003330 pentetic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- DMQQXDPCRUGSQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[3-[bis(carboxymethyl)amino]propyl-(carboxymethyl)amino]acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O DMQQXDPCRUGSQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- RASZKSWRZUIIQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 2-[bis[2-[bis(carboxylatomethyl)amino]ethyl]amino]acetate;hydron;iron(2+) Chemical compound [H+].[H+].[H+].[Fe+2].[O-]C(=O)CN(CC([O-])=O)CCN(CC(=O)[O-])CCN(CC([O-])=O)CC([O-])=O RASZKSWRZUIIQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001427 coherent effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001242 acetic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003352 sequestering agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 2
- QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroquinone Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- VCJMYUPGQJHHFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(3+);trinitrate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O VCJMYUPGQJHHFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- JHJLBTNAGRQEKS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium bromide Chemical compound [Na+].[Br-] JHJLBTNAGRQEKS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- UOMQUZPKALKDCA-UHFFFAOYSA-K 2-[2-[bis(carboxylatomethyl)amino]ethyl-(carboxymethyl)amino]acetate;iron(3+) Chemical compound [Fe+3].OC(=O)CN(CC([O-])=O)CCN(CC([O-])=O)CC([O-])=O UOMQUZPKALKDCA-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- XNCSCQSQSGDGES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-[bis(carboxymethyl)amino]propyl-(carboxymethyl)amino]acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)C(C)CN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O XNCSCQSQSGDGES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AJJJMKBOIAWMBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;propane-1,3-diamine Chemical compound CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O.NCCCN AJJJMKBOIAWMBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960001484 edetic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- MGFYIUFZLHCRTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrilotriacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O MGFYIUFZLHCRTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001235 sensitizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- ADZWSOLPGZMUMY-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver bromide Chemical compound [Ag]Br ADZWSOLPGZMUMY-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000010378 sodium ascorbate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- PPASLZSBLFJQEF-RKJRWTFHSA-M sodium ascorbate Substances [Na+].OC[C@@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1[O-] PPASLZSBLFJQEF-RKJRWTFHSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229960005055 sodium ascorbate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium sulfite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])=O GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- PPASLZSBLFJQEF-RXSVEWSESA-M sodium-L-ascorbate Chemical compound [Na+].OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1[O-] PPASLZSBLFJQEF-RXSVEWSESA-M 0.000 description 1
- GGCZERPQGJTIQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium;9,10-dioxoanthracene-2-sulfonic acid Chemical compound [Na+].C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC(S(=O)(=O)O)=CC=C3C(=O)C2=C1 GGCZERPQGJTIQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
- G03C5/00—Photographic processes or agents therefor; Regeneration of such processing agents
- G03C5/26—Processes using silver-salt-containing photosensitive materials or agents therefor
- G03C5/40—Chemically transforming developed images
- G03C5/44—Bleaching; Bleach-fixing
Definitions
- This invention relates to a method of preparing a hologram.
- the material is holographically exposed and is then developed in a silver halide development agent.
- the developed silver is then removed using either a solvent bleach bath or a rehalogenating bleach bath.
- a solvent bleach bath When a solvent bleach bath is used the developed silver is converted to a soluble silver salt which is washed out of the material in a final washing.
- a rehalogenating bleach bath When a rehalogenating bleach bath is used the developed silver is converted to a silver halide. This silver halide is redistributed within the gelatin layer and it helps to reinforce the holographic image and to increase its diffraction efficiency.
- the most commonly used silver bleaching agents to use in a rehalogenating bleach bath is a ferric complex of ethylene diaminetetraacetic acid (E.D.T.A) such as ferric ammonium E.D.T.A or ferric sodium E.D.T.A.
- E.D.T.A ethylene diaminetetraacetic acid
- ferric ammonium E.D.T.A or ferric sodium E.D.T.A ferric ammonium
- ferric sodium E.D.T.A ferric sodium
- a method of preparing a hologram which is of the silver halide in gelatin binder type comprises holographically exposing holographic material by use of a coherent light, developing the holographic image by use of a silver halide developing solution and then bleaching the developed silver by use of a rehalogenating bleach bath which comprises a water soluble halide and the ferric salt of diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid, the ferric salt of nitrilotriacetic acid, the ferric salt of ethyleneglycol tetraacetic acid or the ferric salt of 1,3-propylene diamine tetraacetic acid or a mixture of said ferric salts.
- ferric DTPA The ferric salt of diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid is hereinafter referred to as ferric DTPA.
- ferric NTA The ferric salt of nitrilotriaacetic acid is hereinafter referred to as ferric NTA.
- ferric EGTA The ferric salt of ethyleneglycol tetraacetic acid is hereinafter referred to as ferric EGTA.
- ferric PDTA The ferric salt of 1,3-propylenediamine tetraacetic acid is hereinafter referred to as ferric PDTA.
- ferric salts can be used either individually or in a mixture of these salts.
- Another object of the present invention is a rehalogenating bleach bath which comprises a water-soluble halide and said ferric salt or a mixture of said ferric salts.
- the preferred water soluble halide to use in the bleach bath is a bromide such as potassium and sodium bromide, where potassium bromide is preferred.
- the preferred concentration of bromide is from 1.0 to 40.0 g/litre. Most preferably about 10 g/litre is used.
- a useful concentration of the ferric compound to use in the bleach bath is from 10 g/litre to 90 g/litre.
- the preferred concentration is about 20 g/litre.
- the preferred pH range is from 1.0 to 4.0 and most preferably is about 2.0.
- Samples of holographic material were prepared by coating onto a transparent photographic film base a gelatino silver halide emulsion which was substantially pure silver bromide having a mean crystal size of 0.03 microns at a silver coating weight of 30 mg/dm2.
- the emulsion was optically sensitised with a red sensitising dye so that it was optimally sensitive to 633 nm. to colour of a He:Ne laser.
- the material was holographically exposed using a He:Ne laser by a Denisyuk exposure method using a brushed aluminium plate as an object to yield (after processing) a reflective hologram.
- the beam power of the laser was 400 ⁇ W/cm2.
- Figure 1 shows that the percentage haze present in the samples processed in Bath 2 is significantly less than those processed in Bath 1.
- Example I Further samples of holographic material were prepared as in Example I. The samples were holographically exposed as in Example I except that the beam power of the laser used was 200 ⁇ W/cm2.
- the samples were then water washed for 30 seconds and then transferred to one of the following rehalogenating bleach baths.
- All these baths contained 0.1 M ferric nitrate (9 H2O) 0.1 M sequestering agent 10 g/litre potassium bromide water 1 litre
- the sequestering agent and the pH of the baths were as follows:
- Example II Haze measurements were made as in Example I on each sample. Thus the exposure was 1/2 second. The percentage haze was measured at 580 nm the peak absorption of the hologram.
- rehalogenating bleach baths of the present invention when used to process holographic material yield considerably less haze in the processed hologram.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Holo Graphy (AREA)
- Silver Salt Photography Or Processing Solution Therefor (AREA)
Abstract
Method of preparing a hologram which is of the silver halide in gelatin binder type which method comprises holographically exposing, developing, and bleaching holographic materials by means of a rehalogenation bleach bath, which contains a water-soluble halide and a ferric salt of an acetic acid derivative. Holograms thus prepared exhibit less haze and stain.
Description
- This invention relates to a method of preparing a hologram.
- To produce a phase hologram from holographic material which is of the silver halide in a gelatin type, the material is holographically exposed and is then developed in a silver halide development agent. The developed silver is then removed using either a solvent bleach bath or a rehalogenating bleach bath. When a solvent bleach bath is used the developed silver is converted to a soluble silver salt which is washed out of the material in a final washing. When a rehalogenating bleach bath is used the developed silver is converted to a silver halide. This silver halide is redistributed within the gelatin layer and it helps to reinforce the holographic image and to increase its diffraction efficiency.
- The most commonly used silver bleaching agents to use in a rehalogenating bleach bath is a ferric complex of ethylene diaminetetraacetic acid (E.D.T.A) such as ferric ammonium E.D.T.A or ferric sodium E.D.T.A. However, the use of these complexes is not entirely satisfactory as the hologram produced tends to be hazy and to exhibit some stain.
- We have found a method of preparing a hologram which provides less hazy holgrams than those obtained when ferric ammonium or ferric sodium E.D.T.A. is used to bleach the developed silver.
- Therefore according to the present invention there is provided a method of preparing a hologram which is of the silver halide in gelatin binder type, which method comprises holographically exposing holographic material by use of a coherent light, developing the holographic image by use of a silver halide developing solution and then bleaching the developed silver by use of a rehalogenating bleach bath which comprises a water soluble halide and the ferric salt of diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid, the ferric salt of nitrilotriacetic acid, the ferric salt of ethyleneglycol tetraacetic acid or the ferric salt of 1,3-propylene diamine tetraacetic acid or a mixture of said ferric salts.
- The ferric salt of diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid is hereinafter referred to as ferric DTPA.
- The ferric salt of nitrilotriaacetic acid is hereinafter referred to as ferric NTA.
- The ferric salt of ethyleneglycol tetraacetic acid is hereinafter referred to as ferric EGTA.
- The ferric salt of 1,3-propylenediamine tetraacetic acid is hereinafter referred to as ferric PDTA.
- These ferric salts can be used either individually or in a mixture of these salts.
- Another object of the present invention is a rehalogenating bleach bath which comprises a water-soluble halide and said ferric salt or a mixture of said ferric salts.
- The preferred water soluble halide to use in the bleach bath is a bromide such as potassium and sodium bromide, where potassium bromide is preferred. The preferred concentration of bromide is from 1.0 to 40.0 g/litre. Most preferably about 10 g/litre is used.
- A useful concentration of the ferric compound to use in the bleach bath is from 10 g/litre to 90 g/litre. The preferred concentration is about 20 g/litre. The preferred pH range is from 1.0 to 4.0 and most preferably is about 2.0.
- When the concentration of ferric compound is much below 10 g/litre the bleaching process takes longer. When more than 90 g/litre are used solubility problems arise if it is required to prepare concentrated solutions.
- The following Examples will serve to illustrate the invention.
- It is to be understood that a large number of other ferric salts of sequestering agents were also tried but apart from the above four listed salts the reduction in haze compared with ferric EDTA was not significant.
- The following Examples will serve to illustrate the invention.
- Samples of holographic material were prepared by coating onto a transparent photographic film base a gelatino silver halide emulsion which was substantially pure silver bromide having a mean crystal size of 0.03 microns at a silver coating weight of 30 mg/dm². The emulsion was optically sensitised with a red sensitising dye so that it was optimally sensitive to 633 nm. to colour of a He:Ne laser.
- The material was holographically exposed using a He:Ne laser by a Denisyuk exposure method using a brushed aluminium plate as an object to yield (after processing) a reflective hologram. The beam power of the laser was 400 µW/cm².
- The material was developed for 2 minutes at 30°C in a solution of the following formulation:
Sodium Sulphite Anhydrous 30 g
Hydroquinone 10 g
Sodium Carbonate 60 g
Water to 1000 ml - The samples were then water washed for 30 seconds and then transferred to two rehalogenating bleach baths of the following formulae:
- (
Bath 1 is the comparative bleach bath, whilstBath 2 is a bleach bath of use in the present invention). - The samples of holographic material were soaked in the bleach baths which were held at 30°C until all the silver had been bleached out. The samples were then washed in running water for 5 minutes and then air dried.
- The following series of tests were made. The sets of holographic material were subjected to exposure times of 1/15 second, 1/8 second, 1/2 second and 1 second. Brightness measurement of the processed samples showed that the maximum diffraction efficiency was obtained when the length of exposure was 1/2 second. The percentage haze was then measured for the two sets of samples one which had been processed using
bleach Bath 2. The percentage haze was measured for both sets of samples at 450 nm and at the peak absorption of the hologram which was 580 nm. The results are shown in Figure 1 which accompanies this application. - Figure 1 shows that the percentage haze present in the samples processed in
Bath 2 is significantly less than those processed inBath 1. - The silver bleaching time for the two sets of samples in both
Bath 1 andBath 2 were also measured. The results are shown in Figure 2 which accompanies this application. - From Figure 2 it can be seen that the bleaching time when using
Bath 2 was significantly less than when usingBath 1. - Also it was noticed, but this is difficult to quantify, that at the higher exposure times, that is to say the 1/2 second and 1 second exposures, significantly more stain was observable in the holograms which were processed in Bath 1. Lack of stain is particularly important when the holograms are to be used as holographic optical elements (HOE's).
- Further samples of holographic material were prepared as in Example I. The samples were holographically exposed as in Example I except that the beam power of the laser used was 200 µW/cm².
- The samples were then developed for 2 minutes at 30°C in a solution of the following formulation:
Sodium ascorbate 35 g
potassium carbonate 30 g
acetic acid 1.4 ml
water to 1 litre - The samples were then water washed for 30 seconds and then transferred to one of the following rehalogenating bleach baths.
- All these baths contained 0.1 M ferric nitrate (9 H₂O)
0.1 M sequestering agent
10 g/litre potassium bromide
water 1 litre - The sequestering agent and the pH of the baths were as follows:
- The samples of holographic material were soaked in the bleach baths which were held at 30°C until all the silver halide been bleached out. The samples were then washed in running water for 5 minutes and then air dried.
- Haze measurements were made as in Example I on each sample. Thus the exposure was 1/2 second. The percentage haze was measured at 580 nm the peak absorption of the hologram.
- Thus the rehalogenating bleach baths of the present invention when used to process holographic material yield considerably less haze in the processed hologram.
Claims (12)
1. A method of preparing a hologram which is of the silver halide in gelatin binder type, which method comprises holographically exposing holographic material by use of a coherent light, developing the holographic image by use of a silver halide developing solution and then bleaching the developed silver by use of a rehalogenating bleach bath which comprises a water soluble halide and the ferric salt of diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid, the ferric salt of nitrilotriaacetic acid, the ferric salt of ethyleneglycol tetraacetic acid or the ferric salt of 1,3-propylene diamine tetraacetic acid or a mixture of said ferric salts.
2. A method according to claim 1 wherein the concentration of ferric compound present in the rehalogenating bleach bath is from 10 to 90 g/litre.
3. A method according to claim 1 wherein the concentration of ferric DTPA present in the rehalogenating bleach bath is about 20 g/litre.
4. A method according to claim 3 wherein the pH of the rehalogenating bleach bath is from 1.0 to 4.0.
5. A method according to claim 4 wherein the pH is about 2.0.
6. A method according to claim 1 wherein the water soluble halide present in the rehalogenating bleach bath is a bromide.
7. A method according to claim 6 wherein the bromide is potassium bromide.
8. A method according to claim 6 wherein the amount of bromide present is from 1 to 40 g/litre.
9. A method according to claim 8 wherein the amount of bromide present is about 10 g/litre.
10. A rehalogenating bleach bath which comprises a water soluble halide and the ferric salt of diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid, the ferric salt of nitrilotriaacetic acid, the ferric salt of ethyleneglycol tetraacetic acid, or the ferric salt of 1,3-propylene diamine tetraacetic acid or a mixture of said ferric salts and which has a pH within the range 1 to 4.
11. A rehalogenating bleach bath according to claim 10 wherein the soluble halide is potassium halide.
12. A rehalogenating bleach bath according to claim 10 wherein the concentration of ferric salt is from 10 to 90 g/litre.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB868630187A GB8630187D0 (en) | 1986-12-17 | 1986-12-17 | Processing holograms |
| GB8630187 | 1986-12-17 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0272218A2 true EP0272218A2 (en) | 1988-06-22 |
| EP0272218A3 EP0272218A3 (en) | 1989-08-02 |
Family
ID=10609178
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP87810745A Withdrawn EP0272218A3 (en) | 1986-12-17 | 1987-12-11 | Method of preparing a hologram |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0272218A3 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPS63163344A (en) |
| GB (1) | GB8630187D0 (en) |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0117142A2 (en) * | 1983-02-17 | 1984-08-29 | Konica Corporation | Bleach-fixing of colour photographic materials |
| GB2161620A (en) * | 1984-06-14 | 1986-01-15 | Blyth Holographics | Preparing holograms |
-
1986
- 1986-12-17 GB GB868630187A patent/GB8630187D0/en active Pending
-
1987
- 1987-12-11 EP EP87810745A patent/EP0272218A3/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1987-12-17 JP JP31764887A patent/JPS63163344A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0117142A2 (en) * | 1983-02-17 | 1984-08-29 | Konica Corporation | Bleach-fixing of colour photographic materials |
| GB2161620A (en) * | 1984-06-14 | 1986-01-15 | Blyth Holographics | Preparing holograms |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| RESEARCH DISCLOSURE, no. 272, December 1986, page 732, no. 27246, New York, US; "Photographic bleaching compositions" * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0272218A3 (en) | 1989-08-02 |
| GB8630187D0 (en) | 1987-01-28 |
| JPS63163344A (en) | 1988-07-06 |
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