EP0266857A2 - Cyclonic combustor and boiler incorporating such a combustor - Google Patents
Cyclonic combustor and boiler incorporating such a combustor Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0266857A2 EP0266857A2 EP87304216A EP87304216A EP0266857A2 EP 0266857 A2 EP0266857 A2 EP 0266857A2 EP 87304216 A EP87304216 A EP 87304216A EP 87304216 A EP87304216 A EP 87304216A EP 0266857 A2 EP0266857 A2 EP 0266857A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- chamber
- combustor
- boiler
- wall
- rear end
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B7/00—Steam boilers of furnace-tube type, i.e. the combustion of fuel being performed inside one or more furnace tubes built-in in the boiler body
- F22B7/12—Steam boilers of furnace-tube type, i.e. the combustion of fuel being performed inside one or more furnace tubes built-in in the boiler body with auxiliary fire tubes; Arrangement of header boxes providing for return diversion of flue gas flow
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F23M9/00—Baffles or deflectors for air or combustion products; Flame shields
- F23M9/06—Baffles or deflectors for air or combustion products; Flame shields in fire-boxes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C3/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by the shape of the combustion chamber
- F23C3/006—Combustion apparatus characterised by the shape of the combustion chamber the chamber being arranged for cyclonic combustion
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F23M5/00—Casings; Linings; Walls
- F23M5/08—Cooling thereof; Tube walls
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
- F24H1/22—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating
- F24H1/24—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers
- F24H1/26—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers the water mantle forming an integral body
- F24H1/28—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers the water mantle forming an integral body including one or more furnace or fire tubes
- F24H1/285—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers the water mantle forming an integral body including one or more furnace or fire tubes with the fire tubes arranged alongside the combustion chamber
Definitions
- the present invention relates to cyclonic combustors and especially to boilers incorporating such combustors.
- cyclonic combustors have been used to produce a cyclone of turbulent gases within a combustion chamber for combusting various solid materials, including poor quality coal and vegetable refuse.
- Such combustors are disclosed in "Combustion in Swirling Flows: A Review", N. Syred and J. M. Beer, Combustion and Flame, Volume 23, pages 143-201 (1974).
- a fluidised bed boiler having a cyclonic combustor is disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 4,457,289 to Korenberg. These documents are incorporated by reference in this application.
- a fire tube boiler having a cyclonic combustor has been commercially marketed by Cyclotherm Division, Oswego Package Boiler Co., Inc.
- adiabatic cyclone combustors Although providing high specific heat release, known adiabatic cyclone combustors have the disadvantages that combustion temperature is high and NO x emissions are high. Combustion is unstable at low capacity burning and high hydrodynamic turndown ratios are not possible in non-adiabatic combustors.
- the hydrodynamic turndown ratio of a boiler is defined as the ratio of pressurised air flow at maximum load to pressurised air flow at minimum load and measures the ability of the boiler to operate over the extremes of its load ranges.
- a high turndown ratio would allow a wide range in the level of steam generation at a particular time.
- a wide range of steam generation is important to allow the boiler to respond most efficiently to varying steam demands.
- a cyclonic combustor is characterised by a first chamber having a front end, a rear end and a substationally cylindrical longitudinally extending outer wall which is substantially uncooled and refractory lined; a second chamber having a front end, a rear end and a substantially cylindrical longitudinally extending outer wall, the rear end of the first chamber being in fluid communication with and substantially longitudinally aligned with the front end of the second chamber; means for supplying air and fuel directly into the first chamber and for forming a cyclonic flow pattern of hot gases for combustion within the first chamber and the second chamber; a substantially cylindrical exit throat at the rear end of the second chamber and aligned substantially concentrically therewith, for exhausting hot gases from the second chamber, the exit throat having a diameter less than the inner diameter of the second chamber; and, heat exchange means surrounding the second chamber for substantially cooling the wall of the second chamber without substantially cooling the wall of the first chamber.
- Fig. 1 shows a horizontally disposed fire tube boiler having a cyclonic combustor in accordance with one preferred embodiment of the invention.
- the combustor includes a central fire tube, also known as a Morison tube, with a combustion chamber 21 including areas defined by first chamber 22 and second chamber 24.
- First chamber 22 includes a front end 26, a rear end 28 and a substantially cylindrical longitudinally extending outer wall 30 which is substantially uncooled and refractory lined.
- Second chamber 24 has a front end 32, a rear end 34 and a substantially cylindrical longitudinally extending outer wall 36, which is preferably constructed of metal.
- the rear end 20 of the first chamber 22 and the front end 32 of second chamber 24 are in fluid communication and longitudinally aligned with each other.
- Means for supplying air and fuel directly into first chamber 22 such as plenum or manifold 38 and tangential nozzles 40 form a cyclonic flow pattern of hot gases within the reaction chamber defined by first chamber 22 and second chamber 24.
- the fuel which is preferably liquid or gaseous, is introduced tangentially by nozzles 43 and may additionally or alternatively be introduced into first chamber 22 radially by nozzle 41.
- a substantially cylindrical exit throat 42 is positioned at rear end 34 of second chamber 24 and aligned concentrically with second chamber 24 so that the exit throat has a diameter less than the inner diameter of second chamber 24.
- a source of pressurized air such as a blower (not shown) feeds air from plenum or manifold 38 through nozzles 40 into the first chamber 22.
- the cross sectional area of the tangential air nozzles 40 and the geometric characteristics of first chamber 22 and second chamber 24 be adapted to provide a Swirl number (S) of at least about 0.6 and Reynolds number (Re) of at least about 18,000 which are required to create a cyclone of turbulence in first chamber 22 and second chamber 24 when operating at maximum capacity.
- S Swirl number
- Re Reynolds number
- the Swirl number and Reynolds number at maximum capacity must not exceed those values which would result in an unacceptable pressure drop through the tangential air nozzles 40 and the combustion chamber constituted by first chamber 22 and second chamber 24.
- Exit throat 42 and the interior of second chamber 24 must exhibit certain geometric characteristics together with the cross sectional area of the tangential air nozzles of first chamber 22 in order to provide the requisite Swirl and Reynolds number.
- combustion chamber 21 comprising first chamber 22 and second chamber 24 is designed and operated so as to achieve a Swirl number of at least about 0.6 and a Reynolds number of at least about 1800 in such chamber and the ratio of the diameter of the exit throat 42 (De) to the diameter of the inner wall of the second chamber 24 (Do), i.e., De/Do defined herein as X, lies within the range of about 0.4 to about 0.7, the first chamber 22 and second chamber 24 will, during operation, exhibit large internal reverse flow zones with as many as three concentric toroidal recirculation zones being formed. Such recirculation zones are known generally in the field of conventional cyclone combustors. This coupled with the high level of turbulence results in significantly improved heat exchange and, therefore, a relatively uniform temperature throughout combustion chambers 22 and 24.
- ratio X preferably lies within the range of about 0.4 to about 0.7 because as X increases, the pressure drop decreases through the combustion chamber and the Swirl number increases. Higher values of X are preferred. However, for values of X in excess of 0.7, the internal reverse flow zones are not formed sufficiently.
- Heat exchange means surround second chamber 24 for substantially cooling the wall 36 of second chamber 24 without substantially cooling the wall 30 of first chamber 22.
- the heat exchange means preferably includes an outer boiler shell 48, gas tubes 50 between outer shell 48 and Morison tube 54 for conducting hot gases from second chamber 24, and space 52 within shell 48 outside gas tubes 50 and second chamber 24 for conducting water which is heated by the heated gases in the second chamber 24 and the gas tubes 50, all in a conventionally known manner.
- Stable combustion even at low boiler capacity, is achieved by not cooling the walls of first chamber 22 where the air and fuel are injected, but cooling only the walls of the second chamber 24.
- This stable combustion enables high turndown ratios to be accomplished.
- the turndown ratio can be increased from 4:1 up to and higher than 10.
- Excess air can be decreased from 25-30% to 5% and kept constant at 5% over the high turndown ratio of 10:1.
- the flame temperature can be decreased to 2000°F and lower, as opposed to about 3000°F for conventional fire tube boilers. Therefore NO x emission is lower than in the standard burner/boiler unit due to the lower flame temperature and lower excess air.
- the central fire tube preferably includes a cylindrical tube 54 extending from, aligned and continuous with wall 36 of second chamber 24. Hot gases from the second chamber 24 pass through exit throat 42 into cylindrical tube 54.
- the heat exchange means also preferably includes means such as rear compartment 56 for directing the flow of hot gases exiting cylindrical tub 54 from second chamber 24 through a first predetermined set of the gas tubes 50 such as those in the lower part of Fig. 1 and front compartment 5 for directing the hot gases from the first set of gas pipes 50 to a second set of gas pipes 50 in the upper portion of Fig. 1 in the opposite direction.
- This is shown by the arrows indicating gas flow and is conventionally known for fire tube boilers.
- the means for supplying air and fuel preferably includes separate conduits for supplying air and fuel separately and directly into first chamber 22 and for mixing and combusting them in the first and second chambers 22 and 24.
- the ratio between the length of the first and second chamber 22 and 24 affects the combustion temperature within the combustion chamber 21.
- This ratio is important because lowering the combustion temperature lowers the NO x formation.
- This ratio for natural gas and fuel oil is normally less than 1.5 for a low capacity combustor and can become less than 0.5 for a very high capacity combustor.
- the first to second chamber length ratio is substantially in the range of about 0.2:1 to 1.5:1. Because of this, the combustion temperature can be less than 2000-2200°F even for high capacity combustion.
- the front end portion 32 of wall 36 is lined with a refractory material 60.
- a cyclonic combustor comprises a first chamber having a front end, a rear end and a substantially cylindrical longitudinally extending outer wall which is substantially uncooled and refractory lined; a second chamber having a front end, a rear end and a substantially cylindrical longitudinally extending outer wall, the rear end of the first chamber in fluid communication with and longitudinally aligned with the front end of the second chamber; means for supplying air and fuel directly into the first chamber and for forming a cyclonic flow pattern within the first chamber and the second chamber; a substantially cylindrical exit throat at the rear end of the second chamber and aligned substantially concentrically therewith, the exit throat having a diameter less than the inner diameter of the second chamber; and means for substantially cooling the wall of the second chamber without substantially cooling the wall of the first chamber.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion Of Fluid Fuel (AREA)
- Fluidized-Bed Combustion And Resonant Combustion (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- The present invention relates to cyclonic combustors and especially to boilers incorporating such combustors.
- In the past, cyclonic combustors have been used to produce a cyclone of turbulent gases within a combustion chamber for combusting various solid materials, including poor quality coal and vegetable refuse. Such combustors are disclosed in "Combustion in Swirling Flows: A Review", N. Syred and J. M. Beer, Combustion and Flame, Volume 23, pages 143-201 (1974). A fluidised bed boiler having a cyclonic combustor is disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 4,457,289 to Korenberg. These documents are incorporated by reference in this application. A fire tube boiler having a cyclonic combustor has been commercially marketed by Cyclotherm Division, Oswego Package Boiler Co., Inc.
- Although providing high specific heat release, known adiabatic cyclone combustors have the disadvantages that combustion temperature is high and NOx emissions are high. Combustion is unstable at low capacity burning and high hydrodynamic turndown ratios are not possible in non-adiabatic combustors.
- The hydrodynamic turndown ratio of a boiler is defined as the ratio of pressurised air flow at maximum load to pressurised air flow at minimum load and measures the ability of the boiler to operate over the extremes of its load ranges. A high turndown ratio would allow a wide range in the level of steam generation at a particular time. A wide range of steam generation is important to allow the boiler to respond most efficiently to varying steam demands.
- It is an object of the present invention to provide a cyclonic combustor having a very high specific eat release, low excess air and a relatively low combustion temperature at low CO and NOx emissions.
- It is also an object of a further feature of the present invention to provide a boiler utilising cyclonic combustion and which is stable at low capacity burning.
- It is another object of the present invention to provide a boiler utilising cyclonic combustion and having a high turndown ratio.
- According to this invention, a cyclonic combustor is characterised by a first chamber having a front end, a rear end and a substationally cylindrical longitudinally extending outer wall which is substantially uncooled and refractory lined;
a second chamber having a front end, a rear end and a substantially cylindrical longitudinally extending outer wall, the rear end of the first chamber being in fluid communication with and substantially longitudinally aligned with the front end of the second chamber;
means for supplying air and fuel directly into the first chamber and for forming a cyclonic flow pattern of hot gases for combustion within the first chamber and the second chamber;
a substantially cylindrical exit throat at the rear end of the second chamber and aligned substantially concentrically therewith, for exhausting hot gases from the second chamber, the exit throat having a diameter less than the inner diameter of the second chamber; and,
heat exchange means surrounding the second chamber for substantially cooling the wall of the second chamber without substantially cooling the wall of the first chamber. - An example of a boiler incorporating a combustor in accordance with the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:-
- Figure 1 is a side view in longitudinal section of the boiler;
- Figure 2 is an end view of the boiler illustrated in Figure 1;
- Figure 3 is a cross-section view taken along line B-B of Figure 1; and
- Figure 4 is a cross-section view taken along line C-C of Figure 1.
- Fig. 1 shows a horizontally disposed fire tube boiler having a cyclonic combustor in accordance with one preferred embodiment of the invention. The combustor includes a central fire tube, also known as a Morison tube, with a combustion chamber 21 including areas defined by
first chamber 22 andsecond chamber 24.First chamber 22 includes afront end 26, arear end 28 and a substantially cylindrical longitudinally extendingouter wall 30 which is substantially uncooled and refractory lined. -
Second chamber 24 has afront end 32, arear end 34 and a substantially cylindrical longitudinally extendingouter wall 36, which is preferably constructed of metal. Therear end 20 of thefirst chamber 22 and thefront end 32 ofsecond chamber 24 are in fluid communication and longitudinally aligned with each other. - Means for supplying air and fuel directly into
first chamber 22 such as plenum ormanifold 38 andtangential nozzles 40 form a cyclonic flow pattern of hot gases within the reaction chamber defined byfirst chamber 22 andsecond chamber 24. The fuel, which is preferably liquid or gaseous, is introduced tangentially bynozzles 43 and may additionally or alternatively be introduced intofirst chamber 22 radially by nozzle 41. A substantiallycylindrical exit throat 42 is positioned atrear end 34 ofsecond chamber 24 and aligned concentrically withsecond chamber 24 so that the exit throat has a diameter less than the inner diameter ofsecond chamber 24. As embodied herein, a source of pressurized air such as a blower (not shown) feeds air from plenum or manifold 38 throughnozzles 40 into thefirst chamber 22. - In accordance with the invention, it is preferable that the cross sectional area of the
tangential air nozzles 40 and the geometric characteristics offirst chamber 22 andsecond chamber 24 be adapted to provide a Swirl number (S) of at least about 0.6 and Reynolds number (Re) of at least about 18,000 which are required to create a cyclone of turbulence infirst chamber 22 andsecond chamber 24 when operating at maximum capacity. On the other hand, the Swirl number and Reynolds number at maximum capacity must not exceed those values which would result in an unacceptable pressure drop through thetangential air nozzles 40 and the combustion chamber constituted byfirst chamber 22 andsecond chamber 24. - It is the cyclone of turbulence which enables the achievement of specific heat release values up to and higher than 3.5 × 10⁶ Kcal per cubic meter per hour and NOx concentration in flue gases of about 60-120 ppm and about 120-180 ppm when firing natural gas and light fuel oil, respectively. Exit
throat 42 and the interior ofsecond chamber 24 must exhibit certain geometric characteristics together with the cross sectional area of the tangential air nozzles offirst chamber 22 in order to provide the requisite Swirl and Reynolds number. - All of the above-noted features are explained in greater detail below and are discussed generally in the article by Syred and Beer mentioned above, and the references noted in that artcle which are hereby incorporated by reference.
- If the combustion chamber 21 comprising
first chamber 22 andsecond chamber 24 is designed and operated so as to achieve a Swirl number of at least about 0.6 and a Reynolds number of at least about 1800 in such chamber and the ratio of the diameter of the exit throat 42 (De) to the diameter of the inner wall of the second chamber 24 (Do), i.e., De/Do defined herein as X, lies within the range of about 0.4 to about 0.7, thefirst chamber 22 andsecond chamber 24 will, during operation, exhibit large internal reverse flow zones with as many as three concentric toroidal recirculation zones being formed. Such recirculation zones are known generally in the field of conventional cyclone combustors. This coupled with the high level of turbulence results in significantly improved heat exchange and, therefore, a relatively uniform temperature throughoutcombustion chambers - The value of ratio X preferably lies within the range of about 0.4 to about 0.7 because as X increases, the pressure drop decreases through the combustion chamber and the Swirl number increases. Higher values of X are preferred. However, for values of X in excess of 0.7, the internal reverse flow zones are not formed sufficiently.
- Heat exchange means surround
second chamber 24 for substantially cooling thewall 36 ofsecond chamber 24 without substantially cooling thewall 30 offirst chamber 22. The heat exchange means preferably includes anouter boiler shell 48,gas tubes 50 betweenouter shell 48 and Morisontube 54 for conducting hot gases fromsecond chamber 24, andspace 52 withinshell 48outside gas tubes 50 andsecond chamber 24 for conducting water which is heated by the heated gases in thesecond chamber 24 and thegas tubes 50, all in a conventionally known manner. - Stable combustion, even at low boiler capacity, is achieved by not cooling the walls of
first chamber 22 where the air and fuel are injected, but cooling only the walls of thesecond chamber 24. This stable combustion enables high turndown ratios to be accomplished. For example, as a result of this construction, the turndown ratio can be increased from 4:1 up to and higher than 10. Excess air can be decreased from 25-30% to 5% and kept constant at 5% over the high turndown ratio of 10:1. The flame temperature can be decreased to 2000°F and lower, as opposed to about 3000°F for conventional fire tube boilers. Therefore NOx emission is lower than in the standard burner/boiler unit due to the lower flame temperature and lower excess air. - The central fire tube preferably includes a
cylindrical tube 54 extending from, aligned and continuous withwall 36 ofsecond chamber 24. Hot gases from thesecond chamber 24 pass throughexit throat 42 intocylindrical tube 54. - The heat exchange means also preferably includes means such as
rear compartment 56 for directing the flow of hot gases exitingcylindrical tub 54 fromsecond chamber 24 through a first predetermined set of thegas tubes 50 such as those in the lower part of Fig. 1 and front compartment 5 for directing the hot gases from the first set ofgas pipes 50 to a second set ofgas pipes 50 in the upper portion of Fig. 1 in the opposite direction. This is shown by the arrows indicating gas flow and is conventionally known for fire tube boilers. - As shown in Fig. 3, the means for supplying air and fuel preferably includes separate conduits for supplying air and fuel separately and directly into
first chamber 22 and for mixing and combusting them in the first andsecond chambers - The ratio between the length of the first and
second chamber first chamber 22 decreases relative to the length ofsecond chamber 24 the combustion temperature decreases. This ratio is important because lowering the combustion temperature lowers the NOx formation. This ratio for natural gas and fuel oil is normally less than 1.5 for a low capacity combustor and can become less than 0.5 for a very high capacity combustor. It is preferable that the first to second chamber length ratio is substantially in the range of about 0.2:1 to 1.5:1. Because of this, the combustion temperature can be less than 2000-2200°F even for high capacity combustion. - In order to prevent damage to
metal wall 36 ofsecond chamber 24 due to overheating, thefront end portion 32 ofwall 36 is lined with arefractory material 60. - Although it is preferable that the cyclonic combustor described above be positioned within a boiler system, it is contemplated that it can be used for purposes of combustion or reaction without substantial boiler apparatus. Such a cyclonic combustor comprises a first chamber having a front end, a rear end and a substantially cylindrical longitudinally extending outer wall which is substantially uncooled and refractory lined; a second chamber having a front end, a rear end and a substantially cylindrical longitudinally extending outer wall, the rear end of the first chamber in fluid communication with and longitudinally aligned with the front end of the second chamber; means for supplying air and fuel directly into the first chamber and for forming a cyclonic flow pattern within the first chamber and the second chamber; a substantially cylindrical exit throat at the rear end of the second chamber and aligned substantially concentrically therewith, the exit throat having a diameter less than the inner diameter of the second chamber; and means for substantially cooling the wall of the second chamber without substantially cooling the wall of the first chamber.
- Additional advantages and modifications will readily occur to those skilled in the art. The invention in its broader aspects is, therefore, not limited to the specific details, representative apparatus, and illustrative examples shown and described. Accordingly, deparatures may be made from such details without departing from the spirit or the scope of applicant's general inventive concept.
Claims (13)
a second chamber (24) having a front end (32), a rear end (34) and a substantially cylindrical longitudinally extending outer wall (36), the rear end (28) of the first chamber (22) being in fluid communication with and substantially longitudinally aligned with the front end (32) of the second chamber (24);
means for supplying air and fuel (38, 40, 43) directly into the first chamber (22) and for forming a cyclonic flow pattern of hot gases for combustion within the first chamber (22) and the second chamber (24);
a substantially cylindrical exit throat (42) at the rear end (34) of the second chamber (24) and aligned substantially concentrically therewith, for exhausting hot gases from the second chamber (24), the exit throat (42) having a diameter (De) less than the inner diameter (Do) of the second chamber (24); and,
heat exchange means (48, 50, 52) surrounding the second chamber (24) for substantially cooling the wall (36) of the second chamber (24) without substantially cooling the wall (30) of the first chamber (22).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US92809686A | 1986-11-07 | 1986-11-07 | |
US928096 | 1986-11-07 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0266857A2 true EP0266857A2 (en) | 1988-05-11 |
EP0266857A3 EP0266857A3 (en) | 1988-11-17 |
Family
ID=25455725
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP87304216A Ceased EP0266857A3 (en) | 1986-11-07 | 1987-05-12 | Cyclonic combustor and boiler incorporating such a combustor |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0266857A3 (en) |
JP (1) | JPS63131903A (en) |
KR (1) | KR880006498A (en) |
AU (1) | AU593104B2 (en) |
DK (1) | DK235287A (en) |
FI (1) | FI872037A (en) |
MY (1) | MY100885A (en) |
NO (1) | NO871975L (en) |
NZ (1) | NZ220266A (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0525734A2 (en) * | 1991-08-01 | 1993-02-03 | Institute of Gas Technology | Cyclonic combustion |
US5473881A (en) * | 1993-05-24 | 1995-12-12 | Westinghouse Electric Corporation | Low emission, fixed geometry gas turbine combustor |
EP0866269A1 (en) * | 1997-03-18 | 1998-09-23 | Abb Research Ltd. | Boiler for heat generation |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0130225A1 (en) * | 1983-07-01 | 1985-01-09 | Ruhrkohle-Carborat GmbH | Three-pass boiler with cyclonic combustion |
EP0143510A1 (en) * | 1983-08-08 | 1985-06-05 | Inc. Aqua-Chem | Bio-mass suspension burner |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CA1180954A (en) * | 1980-12-09 | 1985-01-15 | Kiyomi Okada | Combustion apparatus for granular solid fuel |
US4457289A (en) * | 1982-04-20 | 1984-07-03 | York-Shipley, Inc. | Fast fluidized bed reactor and method of operating the reactor |
-
1987
- 1987-05-08 FI FI872037A patent/FI872037A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1987-05-08 DK DK235287A patent/DK235287A/en unknown
- 1987-05-11 NZ NZ220266A patent/NZ220266A/en unknown
- 1987-05-11 AU AU72691/87A patent/AU593104B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1987-05-12 EP EP87304216A patent/EP0266857A3/en not_active Ceased
- 1987-05-13 MY MYPI87000644A patent/MY100885A/en unknown
- 1987-05-13 NO NO871975A patent/NO871975L/en unknown
- 1987-05-14 JP JP62116034A patent/JPS63131903A/en active Pending
- 1987-05-14 KR KR870004720A patent/KR880006498A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0130225A1 (en) * | 1983-07-01 | 1985-01-09 | Ruhrkohle-Carborat GmbH | Three-pass boiler with cyclonic combustion |
EP0143510A1 (en) * | 1983-08-08 | 1985-06-05 | Inc. Aqua-Chem | Bio-mass suspension burner |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0525734A2 (en) * | 1991-08-01 | 1993-02-03 | Institute of Gas Technology | Cyclonic combustion |
EP0525734A3 (en) * | 1991-08-01 | 1993-07-14 | Institute Of Gas Technology | Cyclonic combustion |
US5473881A (en) * | 1993-05-24 | 1995-12-12 | Westinghouse Electric Corporation | Low emission, fixed geometry gas turbine combustor |
EP0866269A1 (en) * | 1997-03-18 | 1998-09-23 | Abb Research Ltd. | Boiler for heat generation |
US5961315A (en) * | 1997-03-18 | 1999-10-05 | Abb Research Ltd. | Boiler plant for heat generation |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU7269187A (en) | 1988-05-12 |
JPS63131903A (en) | 1988-06-03 |
NO871975D0 (en) | 1987-05-13 |
FI872037A0 (en) | 1987-05-08 |
DK235287D0 (en) | 1987-05-08 |
AU593104B2 (en) | 1990-02-01 |
NZ220266A (en) | 1988-11-29 |
DK235287A (en) | 1988-05-08 |
FI872037A (en) | 1988-05-08 |
MY100885A (en) | 1991-05-16 |
NO871975L (en) | 1988-05-09 |
KR880006498A (en) | 1988-07-23 |
EP0266857A3 (en) | 1988-11-17 |
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