EP0265341B1 - Packer gonflable de puits - Google Patents
Packer gonflable de puits Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0265341B1 EP0265341B1 EP87402350A EP87402350A EP0265341B1 EP 0265341 B1 EP0265341 B1 EP 0265341B1 EP 87402350 A EP87402350 A EP 87402350A EP 87402350 A EP87402350 A EP 87402350A EP 0265341 B1 EP0265341 B1 EP 0265341B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- packer
- reinforcing
- coupling
- coupling member
- ply
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 60
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 60
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 41
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 39
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000013536 elastomeric material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007767 bonding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002079 cooperative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004073 vulcanization Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
- E21B33/12—Packers; Plugs
- E21B33/124—Units with longitudinally-spaced plugs for isolating the intermediate space
- E21B33/1243—Units with longitudinally-spaced plugs for isolating the intermediate space with inflatable sleeves
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
- E21B33/12—Packers; Plugs
- E21B33/127—Packers; Plugs with inflatable sleeve
- E21B33/1277—Packers; Plugs with inflatable sleeve characterised by the construction or fixation of the sleeve
Definitions
- This invention relates to inflatable well bore packers, as described in the preamble of claim 1.
- Such well bore packers are known from e.g. US.A.3524503. More particularly, this invention relates to new and improved inflatable packers employing elastomeric packer elements that are reinforced by alternately biased plies of reinforcing wires and mounted on a packer mandrel by special end fittings cooperatively securing the end portions of the wires.
- Inflatable packers are frequently used for selectively isolating formation intervals during the performance of various testing or completion operations in cased well bores, as well as in uncased boreholes. Since inflatable packers are actuated by fluid pressure instead of by selective movements of their supporting pipe string, it is often preferred to utilize such packers both as a single packer as well as for the spaced packers on a so-called “straddle testing" tool. It is, however, recognized that inflatable packer elements are apt to fail under extreme pressure differentials unless particular care is taken in their design and construction. Many of the problems encountered with prior art inflatable packers have been overcome with packers such as, for example, the packers disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 4,406,461 and Canadian Patent No. 1,177,762. Nevertheless, no completely satisfactory solution has heretofore been provided for securing an inflatable reinforced packer element to a packer mandrel so that the tool can be reliably operated under extreme pressure differentials.
- FIGURE 1 new and improved inflatable well bore packers 10 and 11 incorporating the principles of the present invention are depicted in a typical string of well tools dependently suspended from a pipe string 12 at a selected depth in a well bore 13 where the packers have been expanded into sealing engagement with the adjacent walls of the well bore.
- the new and improved packers 10 and 11 can be employed either independently or together as well as with various types of well bore tools, to illustrate one manner for utilizing these packers, the tools are depicted as including a circulating valve 14 and a tester valve 15 which are respectively actuated by selectively varying the pressure of the fluids in the annulus of the well bore 13 above the packers 10 and 11.
- a recorder housing 16 carrying one or more pressure recorders 17 is dependently coupled to the tester 15.
- a central mandrel 18 intercoupling the packers 10 and 11 communicates the tester valve 15 with the well bore interval between the straddle packers 10 and 11.
- the tools depicted in FIGURE 1 preferably include a rotary pump 19 which is operable by rotating the pipe string for drawing well bore fluids through a screened inlet pipe 20 and pumping them into the packers to inflate them.
- a typical drag spring anchor 21 is coupled in the tool string to keep the tools from turning as the pipe string 12 is rotated to drive the pump 19.
- FIGURE 2 depicts only an enlarged, cross-sectioned partial view of the upper end portion of the packer to illustrate the principles of the present invention.
- inner and outer elastomeric sleeves 23 and 24 are respectively disposed inside of and around an intermediate reinforcing sleeve, as shown generally at 25, comprising a multiple plies of stranded steel wires; and these three sleeves are bonded together in a typical fashion such as by vulcanization to provide a unitary reinforced packer element capable of being inflated from its normal relaxed diameter to a predetermined expanded diameter.
- the inner sleeve or ply 23 is preferably compounded from an easily expandable elastomer and the outer sleeve or ply 24 is preferably formed of a tough elastomer selected to form a protective outer covering able to withstand abrasive well bore walls.
- the inner elastomeric ply 23 is enclosed by a sheath 26 formed of two or more layers or plies of stranded steel wires or cords which are laid close to one another, with the wires in each ply being successively directed in an alternate helical direction, so as to oppose outward extrusion of the packer element 22 through the layers of the intermediate reinforcing sleeve 25 during packer inflation.
- the protective sheath 26 is comprised of first and second plies of stranded steel wires having a diameter of about 0.03 inch laid at an angle of about 12 degrees in relation to the longitudinal axis of the packer mandrel 18, with one ply extending in a right-hand helix and the other in a left-hand helix.
- the stranded wires in these two inner plies may, for example, be dipped in a suitable bonding agent and calendared with rubber before being wrapped around and secured over the inner elastomeric ply 23 of the new and improved inflatable packer element 22.
- the design parameters for the reinforcing sleeve 25 are governed by the maximum expected differential pressure to be imposed on the element 22 as well as the maximum expanded diameter of the packer element. Since the inner sheath 26 has only a limited strength, the principal strength of the packer element 22 is provided by the reinforcing sleeve 25 which is formed of two or more plies, as at 27-30, of closely-spaced stranded wires or cables which, in the depicted exemplary packer element, are about 0.125 inch in diameter and are cooperatively arranged between the outer elastomeric ply 24 and the protective sheath 26.
- the several plies 27-30 are, preferably, respectively laid in pairs in alternate right-hand and left-hand directions at bias angles which successively increase from about 14 degrees for the innermost ply to about 16 degrees for the outermost ply. This progressive angling provides for even distribution of the load across all the plies at expansion.
- the protective sheath 26, the several reinforcing plies 27-30 and the elastomeric plies 23 and 24 are vulcanized together in a suitable fashion to form a substantially unitary packer element 22 with the free ends of the stranded wires of the several reinforcing plies 27-30 extending beyond the opposite ends of the packer element.
- each end-coupling assembly 31 includes an annular inner coupling member 32 which has been counterbored to define a frustoconical socket 33 into which the complementary-shaped end of the inner elastomeric sleeve 23 is snugly fitted and secured by a typical bonding technique.
- a major feature of a present invention is that the outer end of the socket 33 is cooperatively enlarged or counterbored to define a thin-walled skirt portion 34 around the entrance to this socket.
- the skirt portion 34 to expand as the pressure forces imposed thereon by inflation of the packer element increase, the adjacent end portion of the inner elastomeric ply 23 will be supported against extrusion around the inner coupling member 32 when the packer 10 is set.
- the external surface of the inner member 32 is also reduced slightly and the exposed ends of the reinforcing sheath 26 are fitted over the entrance to the socket 33 and suitably bonded around the deformable skirt portion 34.
- Each end-coupling assembly 31 also includes an annular outer coupling member, as at 35, which is coaxially disposed around the adjacent end of the expandable packer element 22; with the axial bore of each outer coupling member being cooperatively sized to snugly receive the exposed end portions of the main reinforcing plies 27-30.
- the inwardly-projecting end of each outer coupling member 35 adjacent to the outer elastomeric ply or sleeve 24 is shaped to provide a rounded, outwardly-diverging entrance 36 receiving the exposed end portions of the reinforcing plies 27-30 and adapted to support the plies upon expansion of the packer element 22.
- the resulting circumferential enlargement of the several reinforcing plies 27-30 will subject the strands to substantial tensile forces which are directly proportional to the differential between the inflation pressure inside of the packer element and the well bore pressure outside of the element. These tension forces must be carried by the end-coupling assemblies 31 if the packer 10 is to continue functioning. Accordingly, as illustrated in FIGURE 2, the outer ends of the inner and outer coupling members 32 and 35 are respectively shaped to provide external and internal tapered surfaces 39 and 40 to cooperatively define an outwardly-diverging annular socket 41 for receiving the exposed end portions of the several reinforcing plies 27-30.
- the end-coupling assembly 31 of the present invention further includes wedge means such as inner and outer wedge-shaped gripping members 42 and 43 which are forcibly driven between the exposed ends of the reinforcing plies 27-30.
- the wedge means are formed as unitary rings 42 and 43 which are made radially expansible by cutting each of the rings at circumferentially-spaced intervals with alternately-directed longitudinal slots of substantial length.
- the inner gripping member 42 has a cylindrical outer surface and is formed with a tapered bore which is enlarged toward its inner end so as to be substantially parallel to the external facing surface 39 of the inner coupling member 32.
- the outer gripping member 43 is formed with a cylindrical bore and has an outer tapered surface which is gradually reduced toward its inner end so as to be substantially parallel to the internal facing surface 40 of the outer coupling member 35.
- longitudinally-spaced rows of teeth are formed on the internal and external surfaces of the gripping members.
- each end-coupling assembly 31 further includes an annular end coupling member 46 which is threadedly secured at one end, as by threads 47, to the outer coupling member 35 and which is secured at its other end by conventional means of attachment to the mandrel 18.
- Each end-coupling assembly 31 also includes another annular end-coupling member 48 threadedly coupled, as by threads 49, to the inner coupling member 32 to firmly hold the end-coupling member against an outwardly-facing shoulder, as at 50, in each of the outer end-coupling members 46. This prevents relative movement of the coupling members 32 and 35, thereby keeping gripping members 42 and 43 firmly in position.
- FIGURE 3 a partial view is shown of the new and improved well packer 10 to illustrate the cooperative action of the elements of the end-coupling assemblies 31 when the packer element 22 is inflated. Focusing on a significant aspect of the present invention, it is noted that the reduced or deformable portion 34 of the inner coupling member 32 will be flared or expanded outwardly by the internal pressure forces serving to inflate the packer element 22.
- the axial or longitudinal spacing between the inner end of the reduced portion 34 of the inner coupling member 32 and the rounded end 36 of the outer coupling member 35 is such that, upon inflation of the packer element 22, the reinforcing plies 27-30 are allowed to diverge outwardly in a gradual curve rather than having to sharply bend across an abrupt, unrounded corner.
- This feature prevents the cutting of the reinforcing strands 27-30 and the tearing of the outer elastomeric sleeve 24 that occurs during inflation of prior art packer elements, thereby avoiding fluid leak paths across the packer from the well annulus to the isolated interval through the wire paths of sleeve 25.
- FIGURE 4 a partial cross-sectional view is shown in FIGURE 4 of a similar end-coupling assembly 100 incorporating the principles of the present invention.
- the new and improved end-coupling assembly 100 is cooperatively arranged for securing the ends of an inflatable packer element 101 which has only two plies of reinforcing strands 102 and 103 instead of the four plies of reinforcing strands employed in the packer element 22.
- the end-coupling assembly 101 is almost identical to the end-coupling assembly 31 in that the alternative assembly also employs inner and outer end-coupling members 104 and 105 which are respectively bonded to inner and outer elastomeric sleeves or plies 106 and 107; and that the adjacent surfaces of these end-coupling members are appropriately fashioned for defining therebetween an inwardly-tapered annular space 108 into which the free end portions of the reinforcing strands of plies 102 and 103 are extended and firmly secured by wedge means such as a single expansible wedge-like gripping member 109.
- the particular distinction of the alternative coupling assembly 100 is that external and internal threads 110 and 111 are respectively arranged on the inner and outer coupling members 104 and 105 for receiving coaxially-fitting, inner and outer support rings 112 and 113.
- one support ring is initially installed and securely tightenend to urge the wedge-like gripping member 109 firmly against one set of the reinforcing strands 102 and 103; then the other ring is securely tightened so as to firmly secure the gripping member 109 against the other set of reinforcing strands.
- a lock ring 114 threaded to inner coupling member 104 can then be brought into locking engagement against outer ring 113, to prevent relative movement between the inner and outer coupling members 104 and 105.
- rings 112 and 113 against member 109 are advantageous to accommodate structural mismatch.
- FIGURE 4 in a packer embodiment having only two plies 102 and 103, the same arrangement is beneficial to provide tight anchoring with a greater number of reinforcing plies.
- a support ring arrangement similar to that shown in FIGURE 4 by rings 112 and 113 may be utilized for respectively securing the two gripping members 42 and 43 of the embodiment shown in FIGURES 2 and 3.
- an inner coupling member such as described member 32 or 104, having an outwardly deformable thin-walled skirt end portion to prevent extrusion of an inner elastomeric ply into a low pressure gap left during packer inflation as a reinforcing sleeve is forced away from the outer surface of the inner coupling member.
- Such an inner coupling member serves to reduce the risk of failure at a critical point in packer construction and can thereby contribute significantly to the ability of an inflatable packer to withstand large differential pressures.
- Reduction in risk of failure can also be broadly achieved by the use of an outer coupling member, such as described member 35 or 105, having a rounded outwardly-diverging tip 36 around which a reinforcing sleeve can expand during packer inflation, eliminating sharp edges or abrupt structure that might otherwise cut strands or tear elastomer to form annulus fluid leakage paths across the packer.
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Consolidation Of Soil By Introduction Of Solidifying Substances Into Soil (AREA)
- Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
Claims (4)
- Packer de puits adapté pour s'engager de façon étanche avec les parois d'un puits de forage et comprenant :
un mandrin (18) adapté pour être couplé à un tube de sondage ;
un élément de packer gonflable (22) monté coaxialement sur ledit mandrin et comprenant des manchons intérieur et extérieur d'élastomère (23, 24) et plusieurs couches (27-30) de bandes de renforcement liées entre lesdits manchons intérieur et extérieur d'élastomère ; et
un ensemble de couplage (31) au niveau de chaque extrémité dudit élément de packer (22) pour fixer ledit élément de packer audit mandrin (18) et comprenant un élément de couplage annulaire extérieur (35) disposé radialement sur les extrémités desdites bandes de renforcement,
un élément de couplage annulaire intérieur (32) disposé radialement à l'intérieur des extrémités desdites bandes de renforcement, comportant une partie en collerette (34) par laquelle il est relié audit manchon intérieur d'élastomère, et
des moyens de fixation (42, 43) disposés entre les éléments de couplage intérieur et extérieur pour fixer et renforcer lesdites extrémités de bande entre lesdits éléments de couplage ; caractérisé en ce que
ladite partie en collerette (34) s'étend longitudinalement au-delà desdits moyens de fixation entre l'extrémité dudit manchon intérieur d'élastomère et lesdites bandes de renforcement, ladite partie encollerette étant suffisamment souple pour être déformée vers l'extérieur en réponse au gonflage dudit élément de packer. - Packer de puits selon la revendication 1, dans lequel ledits moyens de fixation comprennent des éléments de serrage intérieurs et extérieurs (42, 43) pour bloquer une partie desdites extrémités des bandes de renforcement contre ledit élément de couplage intérieur (32) et pour bloquer l'autre partie desdites extrémités des bandes de renforcement contre ledit élément de couplage extérieur (35).
- Packer de puits selon la revendication 1 ou 2, comprenant de plus une gaine de protection (26) entre ledit manchon intérieur (23) et lesdites bandes de renforcement (27-30), ladite gaine étant capable de résister à l'extrusion forcée à travers elle, du matériau élastomère de ladite couche intérieure.
- Packer de puits selon la revendication 3, dans lequel ladite partie de collerette (34) comprend un évidement dans ses surfaces extérieures à l'intérieur duquel les extrémités de ladite gaine protectrice (26) sont retenues.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US92262886A | 1986-10-24 | 1986-10-24 | |
US922628 | 1986-10-24 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0265341A2 EP0265341A2 (fr) | 1988-04-27 |
EP0265341A3 EP0265341A3 (en) | 1989-11-15 |
EP0265341B1 true EP0265341B1 (fr) | 1994-06-15 |
Family
ID=25447352
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP87402350A Expired - Lifetime EP0265341B1 (fr) | 1986-10-24 | 1987-10-21 | Packer gonflable de puits |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0265341B1 (fr) |
CA (1) | CA1276547C (fr) |
DE (1) | DE3750069D1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB201004045D0 (en) * | 2010-03-11 | 2010-04-28 | Tendeka Bv | Fully bonded end rings |
US9617802B2 (en) | 2013-09-12 | 2017-04-11 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Expandable tool having helical geometry |
US10100600B2 (en) | 2015-02-10 | 2018-10-16 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Expandable tools using segmented cylindrical sections |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2517017A1 (fr) * | 1981-11-20 | 1983-05-27 | Caoutchouc Manuf Plastique |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3542127A (en) * | 1968-05-13 | 1970-11-24 | Lynes Inc | Reinforced inflatable packer with expansible back-up skirts for end portions |
US3524503A (en) * | 1968-09-05 | 1970-08-18 | Halliburton Co | Cementing tool with inflatable packer and method of cementing |
US3529667A (en) * | 1969-01-10 | 1970-09-22 | Lynes Inc | Inflatable,permanently set,drillable element |
US4253676A (en) * | 1979-06-15 | 1981-03-03 | Halliburton Company | Inflatable packer element with integral support means |
US4406461A (en) * | 1982-03-12 | 1983-09-27 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Inflatable well packer apparatus reinforced with tire cording |
FR2582077B2 (fr) * | 1985-05-14 | 1987-12-24 | Caoutchouc Manuf Plastique | Perfectionnement a un dispositif a tuyau dilatable |
-
1987
- 1987-10-21 DE DE3750069T patent/DE3750069D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-10-21 EP EP87402350A patent/EP0265341B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-10-23 CA CA000550057A patent/CA1276547C/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2517017A1 (fr) * | 1981-11-20 | 1983-05-27 | Caoutchouc Manuf Plastique |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0265341A2 (fr) | 1988-04-27 |
DE3750069D1 (de) | 1994-07-21 |
EP0265341A3 (en) | 1989-11-15 |
CA1276547C (fr) | 1990-11-20 |
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