EP0264429A4 - ENZYMATIC PROCESS FOR PREPARING OPTICALLY-ACTIVE 1,2-DIHYDRO-3H-PYRROLO 1,2a]PYRROLE-1-CARBOXYLIC ACID DERIVATIVES. - Google Patents
ENZYMATIC PROCESS FOR PREPARING OPTICALLY-ACTIVE 1,2-DIHYDRO-3H-PYRROLO 1,2a]PYRROLE-1-CARBOXYLIC ACID DERIVATIVES.Info
- Publication number
- EP0264429A4 EP0264429A4 EP19870903014 EP87903014A EP0264429A4 EP 0264429 A4 EP0264429 A4 EP 0264429A4 EP 19870903014 EP19870903014 EP 19870903014 EP 87903014 A EP87903014 A EP 87903014A EP 0264429 A4 EP0264429 A4 EP 0264429A4
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- dihydro
- pyrrole
- pyrrolo
- ester
- lipase
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P17/00—Preparation of heterocyclic carbon compounds with only O, N, S, Se or Te as ring hetero atoms
- C12P17/18—Preparation of heterocyclic carbon compounds with only O, N, S, Se or Te as ring hetero atoms containing at least two hetero rings condensed among themselves or condensed with a common carbocyclic ring system, e.g. rifamycin
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D487/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00
- C07D487/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
- C07D487/04—Ortho-condensed systems
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P17/00—Preparation of heterocyclic carbon compounds with only O, N, S, Se or Te as ring hetero atoms
- C12P17/18—Preparation of heterocyclic carbon compounds with only O, N, S, Se or Te as ring hetero atoms containing at least two hetero rings condensed among themselves or condensed with a common carbocyclic ring system, e.g. rifamycin
- C12P17/182—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms in the condensed system
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P41/00—Processes using enzymes or microorganisms to separate optical isomers from a racemic mixture
- C12P41/003—Processes using enzymes or microorganisms to separate optical isomers from a racemic mixture by ester formation, lactone formation or the inverse reactions
- C12P41/005—Processes using enzymes or microorganisms to separate optical isomers from a racemic mixture by ester formation, lactone formation or the inverse reactions by esterification of carboxylic acid groups in the enantiomers or the inverse reaction
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a novel process for producing optically-active 1,2-dihydro-3H-pyrrolo[1,2a] ⁇ yrrole-1- carboxylic acid derivatives. Specifically, it relates to a process for the enzymatic enantiospedfic hydrolysis of racemic 1,2-dihydro-3H-pyrrolo[1,2a]pyrrole-1-carboxylic acid esters to give optically-active 1,2-dihydro-3H-pyrrolo[1,2a]pyrrole-1- carboxylic acids.
- Ketorolac 5-benzoyl-1,2-dihydro-3H-pyrrolo[1,2a]pyrrole-1- carboxylic acid (1), a structural analog of zomepirac [J. Clin. Pharmacol., 20, 213 (1980)], is a potent antiinflammatory and analgesic agent in animal models [W. H. Rooks et al., Agents Actions, 12, 684 (1982)]. In humans, it is essentially equivalent to morphine sulfate for the relief of postoperative pain [J. Yee et al., Clin. Pharmacol. Ther., 35, 285 (1984)]. More recently, it was reported [A. Guzman et al., J. Wed. Chem., 29, 589 (1986)] that the (-)-S-isomer of ketorolac (1) is about 60- 230 times more potent than the (+)-R-isomer in animal model studies.
- this invention comprises the use of extracellular microbial enzymes selected from the group consisting of lipases and proteases to catalyze the enantiospedfic hydrolysis of racemic 1,2-dihydro-3H-pyrrolo[1,2a]pyrrole-1-carboxylic acid esters as hereinbelow defined.
- R 1 is a radical in straight chain, branched chain, or cyclic configuration selected from the class consisting of alkane radicals having from 1 to about 12 carbon atoms with or without electronegative substituents at C-2'; cycloalkane radicals having from about 5 to about 7 carbon atoms; phenyl and benzyl radicals having from about 6 to about 8 carbon atoms; (examples of electronegative substituents of the alkane radicals referred to above are radicals such as halogens, nitro groups, nitriles, and carboxylates);
- R 2 is an acyl radical in straight chain, branched chain or cyclic configuration having 2 to about 12 carbon atoms, cycloalkane radicals having about 5 to about 7 carbon atoms, benzoyl, naphthoyl, biphenoyl, and carbobenzoxy radicals containing nitro, halogen, methyl, or alkoxy groups in the aromatic ring.
- aroyl radicals which are eminently suitable for the purposes of the present invention are benzoyl and methoxybenzoyl.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide an improved process for preparing the optically-active (-)-S-5-benzoyl-1,2-dihydro-3H-pyrrolo[1,2a]pyrrole-1-carboxylic acid (1) using extracellular inexpensive microbial upases and proteases.
- the process of the invention comprises subjecting said 1,2-dihydro-3H-pyrrolo[1,2a]pyrrole-1-carboxylic ester to the hydrolytic action of a microbial lipase (EC 3.1.1.3) or protease and recovering the desired optically-active 1,2-dihydro-3H-pyrrolo[1,2a]pyrrole-1-carboxylic acid derivatives.
- a microbial lipase EC 3.1.1.3
- protease microbial lipase
- extracellular microbial lipases and proteases are capable ,of functioning to catalyze the desired enantiospedfic hydrolysis.
- lipases derived from the microorganisms of the genera Candida, Rhizopus, Hucor. Aspergillus. Penicillium, Geotrichium, Hurmicola, Pseudomonas and Chromobacterium.
- proteases are those derived from the genera Streptomyces, Bacillus, Aspergillus, Rhizopus.
- Extracellular microbial lipases are well known and many of these are available commercially (see M. Iwai and Y. Tsujsaka, page 443, and M. Sugiura, page 505, in "Lipases,” edited by B. Borgström and H. L. Brockman, Elsevier, N.Y., 1984). For example, they are used industrially for the transesterification of fats and were incorporated in laundry detergents for removal of oily contaminants.
- Extracellular bacterial, mold, and yeast proteases are well documented in the literature (see H. Matsubara and J. Feder, p. 721, in “Enzymes,” Vol. Ill, P. D. Boyer (ed.), Academic Press, N.Y., 1971).
- the 1,2-dihydro-3H-pyrrolo[1,2a]pyrrole-1-carboxylic ester substrate may be added in solid or liquid forms at concentrations of 0.1-5 M to a suitable buffer solution containing the lipase to effect the enantiospedfic hydrolysis.
- the substrate can be dissolved in a suitable organic solvent such as carbon tetrachloride, cyclohexane, carbon disulfide, or hexane, as long as the solvent does not denature the enzyme.
- the substrate may be emulsified by the use of polyvinyl alcohol or propylene glycol.
- the temperature and pressure conditions under which the ester substrate and the lipase are brought into contact are interdependent as will be apparent to those skilled in the art.
- the temperature can range from about 10°C to about 40oC and the pH of the medium can range from 3 to about 8.5.
- esters of ( ⁇ )-1,2-dihydro-3H-pyrrolo[1,2a]pyrrole-1-carboxylic esters which are to be resolved are prepared according to the procedures described by J. M. Muchowski et al., J. Med. Chem., 28, 1037 (1985), and H. Caspio et al., Can. J. Chem., 60, 2295 (1982).
- the enantiomeric excess (ee) of the remaining methyl ester and the acid (after treatment with diazomethane) were determined by PMR measurements using Eu(hfc) 3 .
- reaction mixture was stirred with a magnetic stirrer for 2 days at 24°C.
- contents were then acidified with HCl and exhaustively extracted with ethyl acetate three times.
- the combined organic extract was dried over sodium sulfate and was then evaporated to dryness.
- Example 1 The procedure of Example 1 is repeated except that ( ⁇ )-1,2-dihydro-3H-pyrrolo[1,2a]pyrrole-1-carboxylic methyl ester is used as the substrate to obtain optically-active 1,2-dihydro-3H-pyrrolo[1,2a]pyrrole-1-carboxylic acid in good yield.
- Example 1 The procedure of Example 1 is repeated except that ( ⁇ )-5- [4-raethoxybenzoyl]-1,2-dihydro-3H-pyrrolo[1,2a]pyrrole-1-carboxylic methyl ester is used as the substrate to obtain (+)-5-[4-methoxybenzoyl]-1,2-dihydro-3H-pyrrolo[1,2a]pyrrole-1-carboxylic acid (anirolac) in good yield.
- EXAMPLE 4 The procedure of Example 1 is repeated except that ( ⁇ )-5- benzoyl-1,2-dihydro-3H-pyrrolo[1,2a]pyrrole-1-carboxylic chloroethyl ester is used as the substrate to obtain (+)-5-benzoyl- 1,2-dihydro-3H-pyrrolo[1,2a]pyrrole-1-carboxylic acid.
- Example 1 The procedure of Example 1 is repeated except that ( ⁇ )-5-benzoyl-1,2-dihydro-3H-pyrrolo[1,2a]pyrrole-1-carboxylic dodecyl ester is used as the substrate to obtain (+)-5-benzoyl-1,2-dihydro-3H-pyrrolo[1,2a]pyrrole-1-carboxylic acid.
- Mucor meihei lipase Mano, 10,000 ILu/gm, MAP
- Example 9 The procedure of Example 2 is repeated except that 20 mg of Rhizopus oryzae lipase (Amano, 750,000 ILu/gm, FAP), is used as the enzyme to obtain optically-active 1,2-dihydro-3H-pyrrolo-[1,2a]pyrrole-1-carboxylic acid.
- Rhizopus oryzae lipase Mano, 750,000 ILu/gm, FAP
- Example 10 The procedure of Example 1 is repeated using 2500 units of Chromobacterium violaceum lipase (Type XII, Sigma) as the enzyme to obtain optically-active 5-benzoyl-1,2-dihydro-3H-pyrrolo-[1,2a]pyrrole-1-carboxylic acid.
- Chromobacterium violaceum lipase Type XII, Sigma
- Example 12 The procedure of Example 1 is repeated using 10 mg of purified Geotrichum candidum (ATCC 34614) lipase [Y. Tsujisaka et al., Agr. Biol. Chen., 37 1457 (1973)] as the enzyme to obtain optically-active 5-benzoyl-1,2-dihydro-3H-pyrrolo[1,2a]pyrrole-1-carboxylic acid.
- ATCC 34614 purified Geotrichum candidum lipase
- Example 1 The procedure of Example 1 is repeated using 200 mg of crude lipase of Penicillium cyclopium (ATCC 34613) [M. Iwai et al., Agr. Biol. Chea.. 39, 1063 (1975)] as the enzyme to obtain optically-active 5-benzoyl-1,2-dihydro-3H-pyrrolo[1,2a]pyrrole-1-carboxylic acid.
- Example 14 The procedure of Example 1 is repeated using 200 mg of Humicola lanuginosa lipase (Amano) as the enzyme to obtain optically-active 5-benzoyl-1,2-dihydro-3H-pyrrolo[1,2a]pyrrole-1-carboxylic acid.
- Humicola lanuginosa lipase Amano
- Example 2 The procedure of Example 2 is repeated using 200 mg of Mucor meihei lipase (Amano) as the enzyme to obtain opticallyactive 1,2-dihydro-3H-pyrrolo[1,2a]pyrrole-1-carboxylic acid.
- Mano Mucor meihei lipase
- Example 2 The procedure of Example 2 is repeated using 2,000 units of Rhizopus delemar lipase (Chemical Dynamics Corp., 5,000 units/ mg) as the enzyme to obtain optically-active 1 ,2-dihydro-3H-pyrrolo[1,2a]pyrrole-1-carboxylic acid.
- Example 2 The procedure of Example 2 is repeated using Aspergillus niger lipase (100 mg) (Amano K-10) as the enzyme to obtain optically-active 1,2-dihydro-3H-pyrrolo[1,2a]pyrrole-1-carboxylic acid.
- EXAMPLE 20 The procedure of Example 2 is repeated using 30 mg of Pseudomonas lipase (Amano LPL-80) as the enzyme to obtain optically-active 1,2-dihydro-3H-pyrrolo[1,2a]pyrrole-1-carboxylic acid.
- EXAMPLE 21 The procedure of Example 3 is repeated using 100 mg of Rhizopus niveus lipase (Amano , N) as the enzyme to obtain optically-active 5-[4-methoxybenzoyl]-1 , 2-dihydro-3H-pyrrolo[1 , 2a]pyrrole-1-carboxylic acid.
- Example 3 The procedure of Example 3 is repeated using Aspergillus niger lipase (Amano AP, 120,000 Lu/gm) as the enzyme to obtain optically-active (+)-5-[4-methoxybenzoyl]-1,2-dihydro-3H-pyrrolo[1,2a]pyrrole-1-carboxylic acid.
- Aspergillus niger lipase Aspergillus niger lipase (Amano AP, 120,000 Lu/gm) as the enzyme to obtain optically-active (+)-5-[4-methoxybenzoyl]-1,2-dihydro-3H-pyrrolo[1,2a]pyrrole-1-carboxylic acid.
- Example 6 The procedure of Example 6 is repeated using 30 mg of Rhizopus oryzae lipase (Amano, FAP) as the enzyme to obtain optically-active (+)-5-[4-methoxybenzoyl]-1,2-dihydro-3H-pyrrolo[1,2a]pyrrole-1-carboxylic acid.
- Rhizopus oryzae lipase Amano, FAP
- EXAMPLE 24 The procedure of Example 4 is repeated using 50 mg of Mucor meihei lipase (Amano, MAP) as the enzyme to obtain opticallyactive (+)-5-benzoyl-1,2-dihydro-3H-pyrrolo[1,2a]pyrrole-1-carboxylic acid.
- Mucor meihei lipase Amano, MAP
- EXAMPLE 25 The procedure of Example 5 is repeated using 50 mg of Mucor neihei lipase (Amano, MAP) as the enzyme to obtain opticallyactive 1,2-dihydro-3H-pyrrolo[1,2a]pyrrole-1-carboxylic acid.
- Mucor neihei lipase Amano, MAP
- Example 26 The procedure of Example 26 was repeated using 24 mg of Streptomyces griseus protease (Sigma type XIV, pronase E, P5147) and 110 mg of (+)-5-benzoyl-1,2-dihydro-3H-pyrrolo[1,2a]pyrrole-1-carboxylic methyl ester. The incubation mixture was stirred with a magnetic stirrer for 312 hrs at 25°C.
- Example 28 The procedure of Example 26 was repeated using 88 mg of Aspergillus saitoi protease (Sigma type XIII, 0.3 unit per mg solid, P2143) and 114 mg of (+)-5-benzoyl-1,2-dihydro-3H-pyrrolo[1,2a]pyrroIe-carboxylic methyl ester as the substrate. The reaction mixture was incubated at 25°C for 312 hrs with stirring using the same workup procedure.
- Aspergillus saitoi protease Sigma type XIII, 0.3 unit per mg solid, P2143
- (+)-5-benzoyl-1,2-dihydro-3H-pyrrolo[1,2a]pyrroIe-carboxylic methyl ester was incubated at 25°C for 312 hrs with stirring using the same workup procedure.
- Example 26 The procedure of Example 26 was repeated using 49 mg of Aspergillus sojae protease (Sigma Type XIX, 0.4 units per mg solid, P7026) and 147 mg of (+)-5-benzoyl-1,2-dihydro-3H-pyrrolo[1,2a]pyrrole-1-carboxylic methyl ester as the substrate. The reaction mixture was stirred at 25°C for 23 hrs.
- Example 26 The procedure of Example 26 was repeated using 62 mg of Rhizopus sp. protease (Sigma type XVIII, 0.5 unit per mg solid, P5027) and 117 mg of (+)-5-benzoyl-1,2-dihydro-3H-pyrrolo[1,2a]-pyrrole-1-carboxylic methyl ester as the substrate. The reaction mixture was gently stirred at 25°C for 165 hrs.
- Example 26 The procedure of Example 26 was repeated using 75 mg of Aspergillus oryzae protease (Sigma type XXIII, 4 units per mg solid, P-4032) and 87 mg of (+)-5-benzoyl-1,2-dihydro-3H-pyrrolo[1,2a]pyrrole-1-carboxylic methyl ester as the substrate. The reaction mixture was gently stirred at 25°C for 23 hrs.
- Example 32 The procedure of Example 26 was repeated using 19 mg of Bacillus subtilis protease (Amano protease N, 1800 northrop units per gram) and 77 mg of ( ⁇ )-)-benzoyl-1,2-dihydro-3H-pyr rolo[1,2a]pyrrole-1-carboxylic methyl ester as the substrate. The reaction mixture was gently stirred at 25°C for 74 hrs.
- Example 26 The procedure of Example 26 was repeated using 30 mg of Aspergillus oryzae protease [Amano 2A fungal protease (neutral), 20,000 units/gm] and 85 mg of (+)-5-benzoyl-1,2-dihydro-3H-pyrrolo[1,2a]pyrrole-1-carboxylic methyl ester as the substrate.
- the reaction mixture was gently stirred at 25oC for 74 hrs.
- the process may be made continuous wherein the enzyme is immobilized and recycled several times to reduce cost; the (+)-ester can be recovered, racemized, and reused; or the substrate can be exposed to the enzyme as a microcrystalline powder to obtain better dispersion.
- it may be possible to dissolve the (+)-substrate and a racemization agent in a suitable solvent so only the ester will be continuously racemized in situ without cleaving the ester grouping.
- This not process not only facilitates product isolation but also is equivalent to second-order asymmetric transformation (Asymmetric Synthesis. Vol. 1, edited by J. D. Morris and J. W. Scott, Academic Press, Inc., N.Y., 1983, pp. 3-6). This is Illustrated by the procedure of Example 34.
- activators and stabilizers of the lipase may be introduced to the incubation mixture or substrates possessing many different types of activated esters (Bodanszky et al., Peptide Synthesis, Second Ed., Wiley, 1976, pp. 99-108) may be used to enhance the rate of conversion.
- active site directed mutagenesis or chemical modification of the enzyme may be used to prepare enzymes with improved V max /K m and/or stability.
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- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US85267786A | 1986-04-16 | 1986-04-16 | |
US852677 | 1986-04-16 | ||
US92806886A | 1986-11-06 | 1986-11-06 | |
US928068 | 1986-11-06 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0264429A1 EP0264429A1 (en) | 1988-04-27 |
EP0264429A4 true EP0264429A4 (en) | 1990-03-12 |
Family
ID=27127081
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP19870903014 Withdrawn EP0264429A4 (en) | 1986-04-16 | 1987-04-02 | ENZYMATIC PROCESS FOR PREPARING OPTICALLY-ACTIVE 1,2-DIHYDRO-3H-PYRROLO 1,2a]PYRROLE-1-CARBOXYLIC ACID DERIVATIVES. |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0264429A4 (en) |
JP (1) | JPH01500004A (en) |
KR (1) | KR880701287A (en) |
WO (1) | WO1987006266A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5464609A (en) * | 1990-03-16 | 1995-11-07 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Use of ketorolac for treatment of oral diseases and conditions |
US5382591A (en) * | 1992-12-17 | 1995-01-17 | Sepracor Inc. | Antipyretic and analgesic methods using optically pure R-ketorolac |
KR0140134B1 (en) * | 1994-11-16 | 1998-06-01 | 강재헌 | A process for preparing pyrrolizine derivatives |
ES2101653B1 (en) * | 1995-07-10 | 1998-04-01 | Asturpharma S A | (+) - 6- (5-CHLOROPIRID-2-IL) -7-OXO-VINYLOXICARBONYLLOXI-5,6-DIHYDROPYROL (3,4B) PIRAZINE AND ITS USE FOR A PREPARATION PROCEDURE FOR (+) - 6- (5 -CHLOROPIRID-2-IL) -5- (4-METHYLPIPERAZIN-1-IL) -CARBONYLLOXI-7-OXO-5,6-DIHYDROPYROL (3,4B) PYRAZINE. |
CN115181105B (en) * | 2022-08-26 | 2024-05-28 | 长春亿诺科医药科技有限责任公司 | Preparation method and application of R-ketorolac |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0197474B1 (en) * | 1985-04-01 | 1991-07-10 | Kanegafuchi Kagaku Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Process for preparing optically active indoline-2-carboxylic acid |
JPH07108958B2 (en) * | 1993-09-01 | 1995-11-22 | 日本ペイント株式会社 | Water repellent antifouling paint composition |
-
1987
- 1987-04-02 KR KR1019870701173A patent/KR880701287A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1987-04-02 JP JP62502393A patent/JPH01500004A/en active Pending
- 1987-04-02 EP EP19870903014 patent/EP0264429A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1987-04-02 WO PCT/US1987/000725 patent/WO1987006266A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
J. AM. CHEM. SOC., vol. 109, no. 9, 29th April 1987, pages 28452846, American Chemical Society, Austin, US; G. FÜLLING et al.: "Enzymatic second-order asymmetric hydrolysis of ketorolac esters: in situ racemization" * |
See also references of WO8706266A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPH01500004A (en) | 1989-01-12 |
KR880701287A (en) | 1988-07-26 |
WO1987006266A1 (en) | 1987-10-22 |
EP0264429A1 (en) | 1988-04-27 |
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