EP0262256A1 - Cam shaft for a piston engine - Google Patents

Cam shaft for a piston engine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0262256A1
EP0262256A1 EP86113744A EP86113744A EP0262256A1 EP 0262256 A1 EP0262256 A1 EP 0262256A1 EP 86113744 A EP86113744 A EP 86113744A EP 86113744 A EP86113744 A EP 86113744A EP 0262256 A1 EP0262256 A1 EP 0262256A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
camshaft
engine
piston engine
axial direction
reciprocating piston
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP86113744A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Werner Dipl.-Ing. Emmel
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Individual
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
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Priority to EP86113744A priority Critical patent/EP0262256A1/en
Publication of EP0262256A1 publication Critical patent/EP0262256A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/02—Valve drive
    • F01L1/04—Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like
    • F01L1/047—Camshafts
    • F01L1/053—Camshafts overhead type
    • F01L1/0532—Camshafts overhead type the cams being directly in contact with the driven valve
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
    • F01L13/0015—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque
    • F01L13/0036—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque the valves being driven by two or more cams with different shape, size or timing or a single cam profiled in axial and radial direction
    • F01L13/0042—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque the valves being driven by two or more cams with different shape, size or timing or a single cam profiled in axial and radial direction with cams being profiled in axial and radial direction

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a camshaft of a reciprocating piston engine.
  • the invention also relates to a method for changing the control times of valves of a reciprocating piston engine with the aid of such a camshaft.
  • a camshaft is used to control the valves of a reciprocating piston engine.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of proposing a camshaft of a reciprocating piston engine, with which it is possible in a structurally simple manner to change the control times of the valves of the reciprocating piston engine, in particular to adapt it to the current load state of the engine.
  • the camshaft according to the invention is characterized in that it is displaceable in the axial direction and that the profile of the cams changes in the axial direction over their length.
  • the camshaft according to the invention can also be used for a method for changing the control times of valves of a reciprocating piston engine, the camshaft then being displaced in a controlled manner in the axial direction during the operation of the reciprocating piston engine.
  • the axial displacement of the camshaft is achieved via a link guide by an encoder.
  • the speed, the torque, the amount of air, the fuel throughput and / or the accelerator pedal position of the engine are fed to the transmitter as an input signal.
  • input signals other than those listed can also be fed to the encoder.
  • the construction on which the invention is based has cams whose profile changes in the axial direction over the length with smooth transitions, at least in the area in which the cam controls the valve lifter.
  • the cam ridge line therefore does not run parallel to the axis of the camshaft, but rather, for example, at an angle or in the form of a curve.
  • the camshaft is driven by spur gears, chain or toothed belt, taking into account the axial displaceability.
  • the measures according to the invention make it possible for different cam profiles depending on the axial position of the camshaft are engaged, which results in different tax times.
  • the invention allows the opening and closing times of the valves of the engine to be varied depending on the load condition of the engine.
  • FIG. 1 shows a camshaft 1, the axis of rotation of which is indicated at item 2.
  • a valve 3 rests on it with the upper end of its valve tappet.
  • Fig. 1 it is also shown that the valve plate 5 releases an annular gap at the input of the cylinder 6 of the reciprocating piston engine. This is based on the fact that the tappet 4 is located in the situation shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 on an elevation 7 of the cam of the camshaft 1. See also Fig. 2.
  • valves 3 can take place by means of an axial displacement of the camshaft 1 in the direction of the double arrow 8, this axial displacement being preferably controlled as described at the outset by the load condition of the engine.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)

Abstract

A camshaft for a piston engine is described, which camshaft can be moved in the axial direction, the profile of the cams varying in the axial direction over their length. In this way, an axial movement of the camshaft produces a change in the engine valve timing, in a simple manner, in particular for matching the valve timing to the engine load condition. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Nockenwelle eines Hubkolbenmotors. Außerdem bezieht sich die Erfindung auf ein Verfahren zur Änderung der Steuerzeiten von Ventilen eines Hubkolbenmotors mit Hilfe einer derartigen Nockenwelle.The invention relates to a camshaft of a reciprocating piston engine. The invention also relates to a method for changing the control times of valves of a reciprocating piston engine with the aid of such a camshaft.

Eine Nockenwelle dient bekanntlich zur Steuerung der Ventile eines Hubkolbenmotors. Soweit bekannt, gibt es nur Nockenwellen, deren aktives Nockenprofil in axialer Richtung gleichbleibend gestaltet ist.As is known, a camshaft is used to control the valves of a reciprocating piston engine. As far as is known, there are only camshafts whose active cam profile is designed to be constant in the axial direction.

Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Nockenwelle eines Hubkolbenmotors vorzuschlagen, mit der es in konstruktiv einfacher Art und Weise möglich ist, die Steuerzeiten der Ventile des Hubkolbenmotors zu ändern, insbesondere an den momentanen Lastzustand des Motors anzupassen.The invention is therefore based on the object of proposing a camshaft of a reciprocating piston engine, with which it is possible in a structurally simple manner to change the control times of the valves of the reciprocating piston engine, in particular to adapt it to the current load state of the engine.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe ist die erfindungsgemäße Nockenwelle dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie in axialer Richtung verschiebbar ist und daß sich das Profil der Nocken über deren Länge in axialer Richtung ändert.To achieve this object, the camshaft according to the invention is characterized in that it is displaceable in the axial direction and that the profile of the cams changes in the axial direction over their length.

Durch diese Maßnahmen ist es auf einfache Art und Weise möglich, bei gleicher Winkelstellung der Nockenwelle durch eine axiale Verschiebung der erfindungsgemäßen Mehrprofilnocken unterschiedliche Ventilstellungen zu erreichen, weil nämlich der Ventilstößel mit seinem rückwärtigen Ende abhängig von der jeweils gewählten axialen Stellung der Nockenwelle an einem entsprechenden Profil der Nockenwelle anliegt.These measures make it possible in a simple manner to achieve different valve positions with the same angular position of the camshaft by axially displacing the multi-profile cams according to the invention, because the valve tappet with its rear end depends on the respective chosen axial position of the camshaft on a corresponding profile the camshaft rests.

Die erfindungsgemäße Nockenwelle läßt sich auch zu einem Verfahren zur Änderung der Steuerzeiten von Ventilen eines Hubkolbenmotors benutzen, wobei dann die Nockenwelle während des Betriebs des Hubkolbenmotors in axialer Richtung gesteuert verschoben wird.The camshaft according to the invention can also be used for a method for changing the control times of valves of a reciprocating piston engine, the camshaft then being displaced in a controlled manner in the axial direction during the operation of the reciprocating piston engine.

In Anpassung der Steuerzeiten der Ventile an den Lastzustand des Motors wird die axiale Verschiebung der Nockenwelle über eine Kulissenführung durch einen Geber erzielt.In order to adapt the valve timing to the load state of the engine, the axial displacement of the camshaft is achieved via a link guide by an encoder.

Bevorzugt wird es, wenn dem Geber als Eingangssignal die Drehzahl, das Drehmoment, die Luftmenge, der Treibstoffdurchsatz und/oder die Gaspedalstellung des Motors zugeführt wird. Es können aber auch andere als die aufgezählten Eingangssignale dem Geber zugeführt werden.It is preferred if the speed, the torque, the amount of air, the fuel throughput and / or the accelerator pedal position of the engine are fed to the transmitter as an input signal. However, input signals other than those listed can also be fed to the encoder.

Gegenüber herkömmlichen Nockenwellen mit Nocken mit in axialer Richtung unveränderlichem Profil weist die der Erfindung zugrunde liegende Konstruktion Nock en auf, deren Profil sich in axialer Richtung über die Länge mit gleitenden Übergängen ändert, zumindest in demjenigen Bereich, in dem die Nocke den Ventilstößel steuert. Die Nockenkammlinie verläuft also nicht parallel zur Achse der Nockenwelle, sondern beispielsweise schräg oder in Form einer Kurve.Compared to conventional camshafts with cams with a profile that cannot be changed in the axial direction, the construction on which the invention is based has cams whose profile changes in the axial direction over the length with smooth transitions, at least in the area in which the cam controls the valve lifter. The cam ridge line therefore does not run parallel to the axis of the camshaft, but rather, for example, at an angle or in the form of a curve.

Der Antrieb der Nockenwelle erfolgt unter Berücksichtigung der axialen Verschiebbarkeit wie bisher über Stirnräder, Kette oder Zahnriemen. Durch die erfindungsgemäßen Maßnahmen ist es möglich, daß je nach axialer Stellung der Nockenwelle unterschiedliche Nockenprofile im Eingriff sind, wodurch sich unterschiedliche Steuerzeiten ergeben.The camshaft is driven by spur gears, chain or toothed belt, taking into account the axial displaceability. The measures according to the invention make it possible for different cam profiles depending on the axial position of the camshaft are engaged, which results in different tax times.

Mit Hilfe der Erfindung ist es somit möglich, die für den jeweiligen Lastzustand des Motors optimale Öffnungs-bzw. Schließzeit der Ventile zu erreichen, wobei durch eine entsprechende Profilgestaltung der Nocken die Veränderung der Steuerzeiten auch nur auf das Öffnen oder Schließen der Ventile bzw. auf die Einlaßventile oder Auslaßventile des Motors beschränkt werden kann. Insgesamt erlaubt die Erfindung, die Öffnungs- bzw. Schließzeiten der Ventile des Motors in Abhängigkeit des Lastzustandes des Motors zu variieren.With the help of the invention it is thus possible to determine the optimal opening and / or. To achieve the closing time of the valves, with a corresponding profile design of the cams the change in the timing can only be restricted to the opening or closing of the valves or to the intake valves or exhaust valves of the engine. Overall, the invention allows the opening and closing times of the valves of the engine to be varied depending on the load condition of the engine.

Die Erfindung wird im folgenden anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert, aus dem sich weitere wichtige Merkmale ergeben. Es zeigt:

  • Fig. 1 - schematisch eine teilweise geschnittene Stirnansicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Nockenwelle mit an ihr anliegendem Ventil und dem oberen Teil des zugehörigen Zylinders;
  • Fig. 2 - die Situation von Fig. 1 von der Seite her gesehen;
  • Fig. 3 - eines Stirnansicht entsprechend Fig. 1 bei demgegenüber axial verschobener Nockenwelle;
  • Fig. 4 - eine Seitenansicht von Fig. 3.
The invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of an exemplary embodiment from which further important features result. It shows:
  • Fig. 1 - schematically a partially sectioned front view of a camshaft according to the invention with its valve and the upper part of the associated cylinder;
  • Fig. 2 - the situation of Fig. 1 seen from the side;
  • 3 - a front view corresponding to FIG. 1 with the camshaft axially displaced;
  • FIG. 4 - a side view of FIG. 3.

In Fig. 1 ist eine Nockenwelle 1 gezeigt, deren Drehachse bei Pos. 2 angedeutet ist. An ihr liegt federbelastet ein Ventil 3 mit dem oberen Ende seines Ventilstößels an. In Fig. 1 ist auch gezeigt, daß der Ventilteller 5 einen Ringspalt am Eingang des Zylinders 6 des Hubkolbenmotors freigibt. Dies beruht darauf, daß der Stößel 4 sich in der zeichnerisch in den Fig. 1 und 2 dargestellten Situation auf einer Erhebung 7 der Nocke der Nockenwelle 1 befindet. Vgl. hierzu auch Fig. 2.1 shows a camshaft 1, the axis of rotation of which is indicated at item 2. A valve 3 rests on it with the upper end of its valve tappet. In Fig. 1 it is also shown that the valve plate 5 releases an annular gap at the input of the cylinder 6 of the reciprocating piston engine. This is based on the fact that the tappet 4 is located in the situation shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 on an elevation 7 of the cam of the camshaft 1. See also Fig. 2.

Die Fig. 3 und 4 zeigen, daß die Nockenwelle, verglichen mit der Stellung nach Fig. 2 nach links in Richtung des Pfeiles 8 verschoben worden ist. Jetzt reitet das Ende des Stößels 4 nicht mehr auf der Erhebung 7, sondern auf einer anders profilierten Erhebung 9 der Nockenwelle 1.3 and 4 show that the camshaft has been shifted to the left in the direction of arrow 8 compared to the position shown in FIG. 2. Now the end of the tappet 4 no longer rides on the elevation 7, but on an elevation 9 of the camshaft 1 with a different profile.

Es ist somit ersichtlich, daß durch eine axiale Verschiebung der Nockenwelle 1 in Richtung des Doppelpfeiles 8 die angestrebte Anpassung der Öffnungs- bzw. Schließzeiten der Ventile 3 erfolgen kann, wobei diese axiale Verschiebung vorzugsweise wie eingangs geschildert vom Lastzustand des Motors gesteuert wird. It can thus be seen that the desired adjustment of the opening and closing times of the valves 3 can take place by means of an axial displacement of the camshaft 1 in the direction of the double arrow 8, this axial displacement being preferably controlled as described at the outset by the load condition of the engine.

Claims (4)

1. Nockenwelle eines Hubkolbenmotors,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Nockenwelle (1) in axialer Richtung verschiebbar ist und daß sich das Profil der Nocken über deren Länge in axialer Richtung (8) ändert.1. camshaft of a reciprocating piston engine,
characterized,
that the camshaft (1) is displaceable in the axial direction and that the profile of the cams changes over their length in the axial direction (8). 2. Verfahren zur Änderung der Steuerzeiten von Ventilen (3) eines Hubkolbenmotors mit Hilfe einer Nockenwelle (1) nach Patentanspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Nockenwelle (1) während des Betriebs des Hubkolbenmotors in axialer Richtung (8) gesteuert verschoben wird.2. A method for changing the control times of valves (3) of a reciprocating piston engine with the aid of a camshaft (1) according to claim 1,
characterized,
that the camshaft (1) is displaced in a controlled manner in the axial direction (8) during the operation of the reciprocating piston engine. 3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß zur Anpassung der Steuerzeiten der Ventile (3) an den Lastzustand des Motors die axiale Verschiebung (8) der Nockenwelle (1) über eine Kulissenführung durch einen Geber erfolgt.3. The method according to claim 2,
characterized,
that the adjustment of the control times of the valves (3) to the load state of the engine, the axial displacement (8) of the camshaft (1) via a link guide by an encoder. 4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß dem Geber als Eingangssignal die Drehzahl, das Drehmoment, die Luftmenge, der Treibstoffdurchsatz und/oder die Gaspedalstellung des Motors zugeführt wird.4. The method according to claim 3,
characterized,
that the encoder, the speed, the torque, the amount of air, the fuel flow and / or the accelerator pedal position of the engine is supplied as an input signal.
EP86113744A 1986-10-03 1986-10-03 Cam shaft for a piston engine Withdrawn EP0262256A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP86113744A EP0262256A1 (en) 1986-10-03 1986-10-03 Cam shaft for a piston engine

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP86113744A EP0262256A1 (en) 1986-10-03 1986-10-03 Cam shaft for a piston engine

Publications (1)

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EP0262256A1 true EP0262256A1 (en) 1988-04-06

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EP86113744A Withdrawn EP0262256A1 (en) 1986-10-03 1986-10-03 Cam shaft for a piston engine

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2011133088A1 (en) * 2010-04-19 2011-10-27 Scania Cv Ab Valve lift device for a combustion engine

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR330010A (en) * 1903-03-06 1903-08-10 Georges Ville Advanced spark engine device
GB1574228A (en) * 1976-12-29 1980-09-03 Peugeot Automobile vehicles
JPS59115408A (en) * 1982-12-21 1984-07-03 Fuji Heavy Ind Ltd Valve action controller
EP0116306A1 (en) * 1983-02-04 1984-08-22 FIAT AUTO S.p.A. Device for regulating the axial position of a variable-profile camshaft, in particular for controlling the timing system on an engine

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR330010A (en) * 1903-03-06 1903-08-10 Georges Ville Advanced spark engine device
GB1574228A (en) * 1976-12-29 1980-09-03 Peugeot Automobile vehicles
JPS59115408A (en) * 1982-12-21 1984-07-03 Fuji Heavy Ind Ltd Valve action controller
EP0116306A1 (en) * 1983-02-04 1984-08-22 FIAT AUTO S.p.A. Device for regulating the axial position of a variable-profile camshaft, in particular for controlling the timing system on an engine

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN, Band 8, Nr. 234 (M-334)[1671], 26. Oktober 1984; & JP-A-59 115 408 (FUJI JUKOGYO K.K.) 03-07-1984 *

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2011133088A1 (en) * 2010-04-19 2011-10-27 Scania Cv Ab Valve lift device for a combustion engine
RU2513215C1 (en) * 2010-04-19 2014-04-20 Сканиа Св Аб Ice valve lifter
US8770161B2 (en) 2010-04-19 2014-07-08 Scania Cv Ab Valve lift device for a combustion engine

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