EP0262005A1 - Method of making a bimetallic central electrode with a platinum tip for a sparking plug, and electrode obtained by this method - Google Patents

Method of making a bimetallic central electrode with a platinum tip for a sparking plug, and electrode obtained by this method Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0262005A1
EP0262005A1 EP87401875A EP87401875A EP0262005A1 EP 0262005 A1 EP0262005 A1 EP 0262005A1 EP 87401875 A EP87401875 A EP 87401875A EP 87401875 A EP87401875 A EP 87401875A EP 0262005 A1 EP0262005 A1 EP 0262005A1
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Prior art keywords
electrode
cup
platinum tip
platinum
bimetallic
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EP87401875A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0262005B1 (en
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Michel Matesco
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Eyquem Dite Ste
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Eyquem Dite Ste
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T21/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture or maintenance of spark gaps or sparking plugs
    • H01T21/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture or maintenance of spark gaps or sparking plugs of sparking plugs

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for manufacturing bimetallic central electrodes with a platinum point for electric spark plugs of heat engines.
  • the two functions of a spark plug are to ignite a spark between the active central electrode and the ground electrode and to evacuate the calories from the combustion chamber.
  • the construction of the central electrode is therefore of great importance for the above-mentioned functions.
  • Processes are known for manufacturing bimetallic electrodes, essentially consisting of three operations well defined by the prior art.
  • a cup is formed from an alloyed nickel wire.
  • a piece of copper is introduced into the cup and in a third operation, the cup and the piece are extruded to obtain an electrode which can be used as active central electrode in a spark plug.
  • the piece of copper forms a core which is used for heat dissipation, which is necessary because the working temperature in the part exposed to the combustion of gases reaches more than 800 ° C.
  • a platinum tip is fixed on the alloy nickel cup constituting with the end of the cup part of the protruding electrode out of the insulator.
  • This platinum tip can be welded electrically or according to another manufacturing process, crimped onto the bimetallic electrode with a copper core.
  • Bimetallic electrodes with crimped platinum wire are also known, extending over the entire length of the electrode.
  • the invention aims to remedy these drawbacks by proposing a method of fixing a platinum tip on a central electrode.
  • the invention also relates to a bimetallic central electrode with a platinum tip for a spark plug produced according to the process defined above.
  • Fig.1 shows the result of the first two operations of the method of the invention, according to which a cylindrical cup 1 is formed from an alloyed nickel wire, not shown, and a central tip of platinum 2, preferably cylindrical, is electrically welded in 3 at the end of the cup 1.
  • Fig. 2 The result of the following two operations is shown in Fig. 2.
  • the platinum tip 2 the melting point of which is around 1770 ° C., is electrically welded to the cup 1, the melting point of which is around 1400 ° C., and is fixed firmly to this cup by a solder 4 at high temperature ( envy 1200 ° C) carried out under vacuum. Then, a cylindrical piece of copper 5 is introduced into the cup.
  • Fig.3 shows an electrode blank obtained by extruding the assembly formed by the alloyed nickel cup 1 and the copper piece 5 which forms an elongated core 5, always cylindrical inside the cup 1, the platinum tip 2 and the solder 4 retaining their shape at the center of the closed end of the cup.
  • the extrusion operation is followed by forming the electrode according to Fig. 4.
  • the open end 6 of the cup shown in Fig.3, is cut to establish the desired length of the electrode.
  • a collar 7 for holding the electrode is formed in the channel of the insulator of a spark plug (not shown).
  • the bimetallic electrode is then finished.
  • the platinum tip 2 can then be crushed, as shown in Fig.5, to present a larger active spark area 8.
  • Figs. 6 and 7 show another embodiment of the method according to the invention providing an improvement to the method described with reference to Figs 1 to 5.
  • the cup 1 is formed with an axial stud 9 made from one piece, on which a platinum tip 10 having a reduced length compared to the length of the platinum tip already described, is electrically welded and brazed.
  • a platinum tip 10 having a reduced length compared to the length of the platinum tip already described, is electrically welded and brazed.
  • the method according to the invention therefore gives the possibility of carrying out the brazing of a platinum point on a cup of alloyed nickel and one thus obtains an electrode with platinum point mounted and fixed in a reliable and durable manner. This results in the longevity of a spark plug provided with such an electrode being improved at the same time as the manufacturing costs of the electrode are reduced.

Abstract

Ce procédé consiste à introduire un lopin de cuivre (5) dans une coupelle en nickel (1), à extruder l'ensemble coupelle-lopin et à le mettre en forme pour obtenir une électrode bimétallique. Il est caractérisé en ce qu'avant l'introduction dudit lopin de cuivre dans la coupelle, on fixe une pointe de platine (2) sur la coupelle en nickel (1). L'invention s'applique aux électrodes pour bougies d'allumage électrique de moteurs thermiques.This process consists of introducing a copper piece (5) into a nickel cup (1), extruding the cup-piece assembly and shaping it to obtain a bimetallic electrode. It is characterized in that before the introduction of said copper piece into the cup, a platinum tip (2) is fixed on the nickel cup (1). The invention applies to electrodes for electric spark plugs of heat engines.

Description

L'invention concerne un procédé de fabrication d'électrodes centrales bimétalliques à pointe de platine pour des bougies d'allumage électrique de moteurs thermiques.The invention relates to a method for manufacturing bimetallic central electrodes with a platinum point for electric spark plugs of heat engines.

Les deux fonctions d'une bougie d'allumage sont d'allumer une étincelle entre l'électrode centrale active et l'électrode de masse et d'évacuer les calories de la chambre de combustion. La construction de l'électrode centrale est donc d'une grande importance pour les fonctions précitées.The two functions of a spark plug are to ignite a spark between the active central electrode and the ground electrode and to evacuate the calories from the combustion chamber. The construction of the central electrode is therefore of great importance for the above-mentioned functions.

C'est ainsi qu'on a été amené à réaliser des électrodes centrales bimétalliques à âme de cuivre améliorant la conduction thermique de l'électrode et à revêtement de nickel.This is how we came to realize bimetallic central electrodes with a copper core improving the thermal conduction of the electrode and with nickel coating.

On connait des procédés de fabrication d'électrodes bimétalliques, consistant essentiellement en trois opérations bien définies par la technique antérieure. Dans une première opération, on forme une coupelle à partir d'un fil en nickel allié. Dans une seconde opération, on introduit un lopin de cuivre dans la coupelle et dans une troisième opération on extrude la coupelle et le lopin pour obtenir une électrode utilisable comme électrode centrale active dans une bougie d'allumage.Processes are known for manufacturing bimetallic electrodes, essentially consisting of three operations well defined by the prior art. In a first operation, a cup is formed from an alloyed nickel wire. In a second operation, a piece of copper is introduced into the cup and in a third operation, the cup and the piece are extruded to obtain an electrode which can be used as active central electrode in a spark plug.

Lors de l'extrusion, le lopin de cuivre forme une âme qui sert à la dissipation de la chaleur, ce qui est nécessaire car la température de travail dans la partie exposée à la combustion des gaz atteint plus de 800°C.During extrusion, the piece of copper forms a core which is used for heat dissipation, which is necessary because the working temperature in the part exposed to the combustion of gases reaches more than 800 ° C.

Pour améliorer les caractéristiques de l'étincelle entre l'électrode active et l'électrode de masse, on fixe sur la coupelle en nickel allié une pointe de platine constituant avec l'extrémité de la coupelle une partie de l'électrode qui fait saillie hors de l'isolateur. Cette pointe de platine peut être soudée électriquement ou selon un autre procédé de fabrication, sertie sur l'électrode bimétallique à âme de cuivre.To improve the characteristics of the spark between the active electrode and the ground electrode, a platinum tip is fixed on the alloy nickel cup constituting with the end of the cup part of the protruding electrode out of the insulator. This platinum tip can be welded electrically or according to another manufacturing process, crimped onto the bimetallic electrode with a copper core.

On connait également des électrodes bimétalliques à fil de platine serti, s'étendant sur toute la longueur de l'électrode.Bimetallic electrodes with crimped platinum wire are also known, extending over the entire length of the electrode.

Les procédés connus d'assemblage d'une pointe de platine sur une électrode centrale ont pour inconvénient une mauvaise tenue de la pointe de platine dans le temps en raison de la faiblesse de son assemblage avec le reste de l'électrode.The known methods of assembling a platinum tip on a central electrode have the disadvantage of poor resistance of the platinum tip over time due to the weakness of its assembly with the rest of the electrode.

Tel est le cas par exemple du procédé décrit dans le brevet BE-A-904 355. Ce document propose un procédé selon lequel un insert en métal précieux ou semiprécieux est introduit dans un trou ménagé dans une billette composite et ensuite fixé dans ce trou par sertissage à l'aide d'une opération d'extrusion.This is the case, for example, of the method described in patent BE-A-904,355. This document proposes a method according to which a precious or semiprecious metal insert is introduced into a hole made in a composite billet and then fixed in this hole by crimping using an extrusion operation.

Par ailleurs, il n'était jusqu'à présent pas possible d'assembler une pointe de platine par brasage sur une électrode bimétallique en cuivre-nickel en raison du point de fusion élevé que nécessite la brasure (environ 1200°C) alors que le point de fusion du cuivre est plus bas (environ 960°C).Furthermore, it has hitherto not been possible to assemble a platinum tip by brazing on a bimetallic copper-nickel electrode due to the high melting point required by brazing (approximately 1200 ° C.) while the copper melting point is lower (around 960 ° C).

L'invention a pour but de remédier à ces inconvénients en proposant un procédé de fixation d'une pointe de platine sur une électrode centrale.The invention aims to remedy these drawbacks by proposing a method of fixing a platinum tip on a central electrode.

Elle a donc pour objet un procédé de fabrication d'une électrode centrale bimétallique à pointe de platine pour bougie d'allumage consistant à introduire un lopin de cuivre dans une coupelle en nickel, à extruder l'ensemble coupelle-lopin et à mettre en forme pour obtenir une électrode bimétallique, caractérisé en ce qu'avant l'introduction dudit lopin de cuivre dans la coupelle on fixe une pointe de platine sur la coupelle de nickel.It therefore relates to a method of manufacturing a bimetallic central electrode with a platinum tip for a spark plug consisting in introducing a copper piece in a nickel cup, in extruding the cup-piece assembly and in shaping to obtain a bimetallic electrode, characterized in that before the introduction of said piece of copper in the cup we fix a point of platinum on the nickel cup.

L'invention a également pour objet une électrode centrale bimétallique à pointe de platine pour bougie d'allumage réalisée selon le procédé défini ci-dessus.The invention also relates to a bimetallic central electrode with a platinum tip for a spark plug produced according to the process defined above.

L'invention sera mieux comprise à l'aide de la description qui va suivre, donnée uniquement à titre d'exemple et faite en se référant aux dessins annexés, sur lesquels :

  • - les Fig.1 à 4 sont des vues en coupe montrant les phases successives du procédé de l'invention;
  • - la Fig.5 est une vue en coupe longitudinale montrant une phase supplémentaire du procédé de l'invention en vue de l'obtention d'une électrode à pointe de platine aplatie; et
  • - les Fig.6 et 7 sont des vues correspondant aux Fig.1 et 2 montrant les premières phases du procédé de l'invention pour la réalisation d'une variante d'électrode à pointe de platine.
The invention will be better understood with the aid of the description which follows, given solely by way of example and made with reference to the appended drawings, in which:
  • - Fig.1 to 4 are sectional views showing the successive phases of the method of the invention;
  • - Fig.5 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an additional phase of the method of the invention with a view to obtaining an electrode with a flattened platinum tip; and
  • - Fig.6 and 7 are views corresponding to Fig.1 and 2 showing the first phases of the method of the invention for the production of a variant electrode with platinum tip.

La Fig.1 montre le résultat des deux premières opérations du procédé de l'invention, selon lesquelles une coupelle cylindrique 1 est formée à partir d'un fil en nickel allié, non représenté, et une pointe centrale de platine 2 de préférence cylindrique est soudée électriquement en 3 à l'extrémité de la coupelle 1.Fig.1 shows the result of the first two operations of the method of the invention, according to which a cylindrical cup 1 is formed from an alloyed nickel wire, not shown, and a central tip of platinum 2, preferably cylindrical, is electrically welded in 3 at the end of the cup 1.

Le résultat des deux opérations suivantes est montré à la Fig.2. La pointe de platine 2 dont le point de fusion est d'environ 1770°C est soudée électriquement sur la coupelle 1 dont le point de fusion est d'environ 1400°C et fixée solidement à cette coupelle par une brasure 4 à haute température (envi ron 1200°C) effectuée sous vide. Ensuite, un lopin cylindrique de cuivre 5 est introduit dans la coupelle.The result of the following two operations is shown in Fig. 2. The platinum tip 2, the melting point of which is around 1770 ° C., is electrically welded to the cup 1, the melting point of which is around 1400 ° C., and is fixed firmly to this cup by a solder 4 at high temperature ( envy 1200 ° C) carried out under vacuum. Then, a cylindrical piece of copper 5 is introduced into the cup.

La Fig.3 montre une ébauche d'électrode obtenue par extrusion de l'ensemble formé par la coupelle en nickel allié 1 et le lopin de cuivre 5 qui forme une âme allongée 5, toujours cylindrique à l'intérieur de la coupelle 1, la pointe de platine 2 et la brasure 4 conservant leur forme au centre de l'extrémité fermée de la coupelle.Fig.3 shows an electrode blank obtained by extruding the assembly formed by the alloyed nickel cup 1 and the copper piece 5 which forms an elongated core 5, always cylindrical inside the cup 1, the platinum tip 2 and the solder 4 retaining their shape at the center of the closed end of the cup.

L'opération d'extrusion est suivie d'un formage de l'électrode selon la Fig.4. L'extrémité ouverte 6 de la coupelle représentée à la Fig.3, est découpée pour établir la longueur voulue de l'électrode. Ensuite, on forme un collet 7 de maintien de l'électrode dans le canal de l'isolateur d'une bougie (non représenté).The extrusion operation is followed by forming the electrode according to Fig. 4. The open end 6 of the cup shown in Fig.3, is cut to establish the desired length of the electrode. Next, a collar 7 for holding the electrode is formed in the channel of the insulator of a spark plug (not shown).

L'électrode bimétallique est alors terminée.The bimetallic electrode is then finished.

Selon une variante, la pointe de platine 2 peut ensuite être écrasée, comme le montre la Fig.5, pour présenter une surface d'étincelage active 8 plus importante.Alternatively, the platinum tip 2 can then be crushed, as shown in Fig.5, to present a larger active spark area 8.

Les Fig.6 et 7 montrent un autre mode de réalisation du procédé selon l'invention apportant un perfectionnement au procédé décrit en référence aux Fig.1 à 5.Figs. 6 and 7 show another embodiment of the method according to the invention providing an improvement to the method described with reference to Figs 1 to 5.

La coupelle 1 est formée avec un téton axial 9 venu de matière, sur lequel une pointe de platine 10 ayant une longueur réduite par rapport à la longueur de la pointe de platine déjà décrite, est soudée électriquement et brasée. On peut ainsi réduire le longueur de platine inactif se trouvant dans la brasure et comme le platine est un métal précieux très coûteux, il est avantageux de pouvoir de cette façon di minuer jusqu'à 50% la quantité de matière noble utilisée par rapport aux quantités requises selon les procédés connus.The cup 1 is formed with an axial stud 9 made from one piece, on which a platinum tip 10 having a reduced length compared to the length of the platinum tip already described, is electrically welded and brazed. We can thus reduce the length of inactive platinum found in the solder and since platinum is a very expensive precious metal, it is advantageous to be able in this way to Minute up to 50% the quantity of noble material used compared to the quantities required according to known methods.

Après l'assemblage par soudage et brasage de la pointe de platine 2 sur le téton 8, un lopin de cuivre 5 est introduit dans la coupelle, comme représenté à la Fig.7 et déjà décrit en référence à la Fig.2.After assembly by welding and soldering of the platinum tip 2 on the stud 8, a copper piece 5 is introduced into the cup, as shown in Fig.7 and already described with reference to Fig.2.

Les phases ultérieures de fabrication de l'électrode sont identiques à celles décrites en référence aux Fig.3 à 5.The subsequent manufacturing phases of the electrode are identical to those described with reference to Figs. 3 to 5.

Le procédé selon l'invention donne donc la possibilité d'effectuer le brasage d'une pointe de platine sur une coupelle de nickel allié et l'on obtient ainsi une électrode à pointe de platine montée et fixée d'une façon fiable et durable. Cela a pour résultat que la longévité d'une bougie munie d'une telle électrode est améliorée en même temps que les coûts de fabrication de l'électrode sont réduits. The method according to the invention therefore gives the possibility of carrying out the brazing of a platinum point on a cup of alloyed nickel and one thus obtains an electrode with platinum point mounted and fixed in a reliable and durable manner. This results in the longevity of a spark plug provided with such an electrode being improved at the same time as the manufacturing costs of the electrode are reduced.

Claims (4)

1.- Procédé de fabrication d'une électrode centrale bimétallique à pointe de platine pour bougie d'allumage, consistant à introduire un lopin de cuivre (5) dans une coupelle en nickel (1), à extruder l'ensemble coupelle-lopin et à le mettre en forme pour obtenir une électrode bimétallique, caractérisé en ce qu'avant l'introduction dudit lopin cuivre dans la coupelle, on positionne une pointe de platine (2) sur la coupelle de nickel (1) par soudage électrique en vue d'assurer son maintien en place et on la fixe ensuite définitivement par une opération de brasage sous vide.1.- A method of manufacturing a bimetallic central electrode with a platinum tip for a spark plug, consisting in introducing a piece of copper (5) in a nickel cup (1), in extruding the cup-piece and to shape it to obtain a bimetallic electrode, characterized in that before the introduction of said copper piece into the cup, a platinum tip (2) is positioned on the nickel cup (1) by electric welding in order to '' keep it in place and then it is permanently fixed by a vacuum brazing operation. 2.- Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'on forme ladite coupelle en nickel (1) avec un téton (9) axial et qu'on assemble ensuite la pointe de platine (10) sur ledit téton (9).2.- Method according to claim 1, characterized in that said nickel cup (1) is formed with an axial stud (9) and that the platinum tip (10) is then assembled on said stud (9) . 3.- Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que l'on écrase la pointe de platine (2 ; 10) après l'assemblage en vue de l'obtention d'une surface aplatie d'étincelage (8).3.- Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the platinum tip is crushed (2; 10) after assembly in order to obtain a flattened sparking surface (8). 4.- Electrode centrale bimétallique à pointe de platine pour bougie d'allumage obtenue par le procédé suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 3.4.- Central bimetallic electrode with platinum tip for spark plug obtained by the process according to one of claims 1 to 3.
EP87401875A 1986-09-08 1987-08-12 Method of making a bimetallic central electrode with a platinum tip for a sparking plug, and electrode obtained by this method Expired - Lifetime EP0262005B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8612558A FR2603749B1 (en) 1986-09-08 1986-09-08 METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING A BIMETALLIC CENTRAL ELECTRODE HAVING A PLATINUM TIP FOR SPARK PLUG AND ELECTRODE OBTAINED ACCORDING TO THIS PROCESS
FR8612558 1986-09-08

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0262005A1 true EP0262005A1 (en) 1988-03-30
EP0262005B1 EP0262005B1 (en) 1990-06-06

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EP87401875A Expired - Lifetime EP0262005B1 (en) 1986-09-08 1987-08-12 Method of making a bimetallic central electrode with a platinum tip for a sparking plug, and electrode obtained by this method

Country Status (6)

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US (1) US4803395A (en)
EP (1) EP0262005B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS63133476A (en)
DE (1) DE3763123D1 (en)
ES (1) ES2015078B3 (en)
FR (1) FR2603749B1 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1989012339A1 (en) * 1988-06-06 1989-12-14 Allied-Signal Inc. Method for manufacturing electrodes for a spark plug
WO1991002393A1 (en) * 1989-08-11 1991-02-21 Ford Motor Company Limited Forming an erosion resistant tip on an electrode
EP0624938A1 (en) * 1993-04-26 1994-11-17 Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd A spark plug electrode for use in internal combustion engine
EP0901150A2 (en) * 1997-09-04 1999-03-10 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH Electrode, procedure and device for its manufacture

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JPH05234662A (en) * 1991-12-27 1993-09-10 Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd Electrode for spark plug and its manufacture
JP2853108B2 (en) * 1992-06-17 1999-02-03 日本特殊陶業 株式会社 Spark plug
US5675209A (en) * 1995-06-19 1997-10-07 Hoskins Manufacturing Company Electrode material for a spark plug
JP4220218B2 (en) * 2002-10-25 2009-02-04 株式会社デンソー Manufacturing method of center electrode for spark plug
KR100973026B1 (en) 2007-08-14 2010-08-03 주식회사 유라테크 Production method and apparatus of spark plug
KR100960281B1 (en) 2009-12-24 2010-06-07 주식회사 유라테크 Production method and apparatus of spark plug

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DE3433683A1 (en) * 1983-09-13 1985-06-20 Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd., Nagoya, Aichi Method for the manufacture of a centre electrode for a spark plug
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BE904355A (en) * 1985-03-11 1986-06-30 Champion Spark Plug Co PROCESS FOR PRODUCING A COMPOSITE CENTRAL ELECTRODE BLANK FOR A SPARK PLUG.

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DE3433683A1 (en) * 1983-09-13 1985-06-20 Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd., Nagoya, Aichi Method for the manufacture of a centre electrode for a spark plug
EP0171994A1 (en) * 1984-08-07 1986-02-19 NGK Spark Plug Co. Ltd. Spark plug
BE904355A (en) * 1985-03-11 1986-06-30 Champion Spark Plug Co PROCESS FOR PRODUCING A COMPOSITE CENTRAL ELECTRODE BLANK FOR A SPARK PLUG.

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1989012339A1 (en) * 1988-06-06 1989-12-14 Allied-Signal Inc. Method for manufacturing electrodes for a spark plug
WO1991002393A1 (en) * 1989-08-11 1991-02-21 Ford Motor Company Limited Forming an erosion resistant tip on an electrode
EP0624938A1 (en) * 1993-04-26 1994-11-17 Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd A spark plug electrode for use in internal combustion engine
EP0901150A2 (en) * 1997-09-04 1999-03-10 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH Electrode, procedure and device for its manufacture
EP0901150A3 (en) * 1997-09-04 1999-04-21 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH Electrode, procedure and device for its manufacture
US6109995A (en) * 1997-09-04 2000-08-29 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft F. Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh Electrode for a high-pressure discharge lamp, and methods of its manufacture

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2603749B1 (en) 1992-06-05
JPS63133476A (en) 1988-06-06
FR2603749A1 (en) 1988-03-11
US4803395A (en) 1989-02-07
EP0262005B1 (en) 1990-06-06
ES2015078B3 (en) 1990-08-01
DE3763123D1 (en) 1990-07-12

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