EP0261110A1 - Flue-gas purifying procedure - Google Patents
Flue-gas purifying procedureInfo
- Publication number
- EP0261110A1 EP0261110A1 EP19860901880 EP86901880A EP0261110A1 EP 0261110 A1 EP0261110 A1 EP 0261110A1 EP 19860901880 EP19860901880 EP 19860901880 EP 86901880 A EP86901880 A EP 86901880A EP 0261110 A1 EP0261110 A1 EP 0261110A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- flue gas
- solid matter
- conducted
- purified
- procedure according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 title claims description 37
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 36
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 26
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims 1
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical compound O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 10
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L sulfite Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 9
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 7
- 235000011116 calcium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000010269 sulphur dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000004291 sulphur dioxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfurous acid Chemical compound OS(O)=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009931 harmful effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052925 anhydrite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052728 basic metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003818 basic metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008394 flocculating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005189 flocculation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000016615 flocculation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000020477 pH reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012265 solid product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001117 sulphuric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01F—COMPOUNDS OF THE METALS BERYLLIUM, MAGNESIUM, ALUMINIUM, CALCIUM, STRONTIUM, BARIUM, RADIUM, THORIUM, OR OF THE RARE-EARTH METALS
- C01F11/00—Compounds of calcium, strontium, or barium
- C01F11/46—Sulfates
- C01F11/464—Sulfates of Ca from gases containing sulfur oxides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/48—Sulfur compounds
- B01D53/50—Sulfur oxides
- B01D53/501—Sulfur oxides by treating the gases with a solution or a suspension of an alkali or earth-alkali or ammonium compound
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D1/00—Flotation
- B03D1/02—Froth-flotation processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B11/00—Calcium sulfate cements
- C04B11/26—Calcium sulfate cements strating from chemical gypsum; starting from phosphogypsum or from waste, e.g. purification products of smoke
- C04B11/262—Calcium sulfate cements strating from chemical gypsum; starting from phosphogypsum or from waste, e.g. purification products of smoke waste gypsum other than phosphogypsum
- C04B11/264—Gypsum from the desulfurisation of flue gases
Definitions
- the present invention concerns a flue-gas purifying procedure conforming to the introductory part of claim 1.
- the object of the invention is to achieve an improvement of the flue gas purifying methods known at present.
- the more detailed object of the invention is to achieve an improvement of the wet washing method presently known.
- the other objects of the invention and the advantages gainable by its aid will became apparent in the disclosure of the invention.
- the procedure of the invention is mainly characterized by that which is stated in the characteristic features part of claim 1.
- the procedure of the invention is simple as to its principle, and a closed design is employed in it.
- flotation of the liquid emerging from the wet washer and of the solid matter therein to became separate partial flows, which are easy to dry, is a simple but thorough insight.
- the washing fluid quantities above all, and also the sizes of the tanks required in the apparatus design are reduced to a fraction of those involved in any presently used procedure. It is possible in an advantageous embodiment of the invention to recover the impurities carried in the whole flue gas quantity, in dry condition and even in chemically bound state without even the slightest aqueous emission.
- FIG. 1 presents an advantageous embodiment of the apparatus design employed in implementing the procedure of the invention, in schematic elevational view.
- the flue gas flow 20 is first conducted, advantageously, into a dry separator 1, which in this embodiment is a conventional cyclone separator. Part of the impurities present in the flue gases depart from the flue gas flow 20 and run down into the lower cone of the cyclone separator 1, whence the dry solid matter may be conducted, with the add of a pressure transmitter 2 located below the cyclone separator 1, as a material flow 13 e.g. to a centralized powdery material storage container (not depicted).
- the flue gases flow to the wet washer 3, where the gaseous components present in the flue gases are washed so that the gas flow 4 emerging from the wet washer 3 will be clean enough.
- the wet washer 3 is known in the art in itself and it may be combined with the cyclone separator, as has been shewn in the figure of the drawing.
- the washing water flows along the line 12 of the wet washer 3.
- the spent washing water flows from the wet washer 3 to a combined mixing and flotation unit 6, in the form of the washing water flow 5.
- Air is conducted to the mixing and flotation unit 6 by the line 14, and the mixing and flotation unit 6 is advantageously provided with a mixing means 21.
- the sulphite in the washing water if any, is oxidized to sulphate, and the flotation process taking place lifts the reaction and washing products that have been formed in the wet washer 3, along with the foam out from the mixing and flotation unit 6.
- Such a foam remover has been indicated with the reference numeral 15 in the figure of the drawing.
- the foam with the solid matter and the liquid held in the foam, is directed to a pressure transmitter 7 which has been disposed to guide the separated foam as a flow 18 to join the flue gas flew 20, the flue gas flow 20 having been arranged to dry out the liquid held in the foam and, as the flue gas temperature usually is in the range of 100 to 240°C, the CaSO 4 loses part of its crystal water.
- the dried solid matter separates and ends up among the solid matter in the lower cone of the cyclone separator 1, in which connection for instance the separated gypsum is in the form of a powder hardening powerfully together with water and thus is a substance well appropriate to be carried to a dump, or to be used otherwise.
- facilities for adding flocculating agent can be provided on the mixing and flotation unit 6, or a flocculation unit alone may be substituted for this unit, depending on what chemicals are used.
- the solid matter which fails to be removed from the mixing and flotation unit 6 runs as an overflow 16 into the tank 8, where advantageously with the aid of centrifugal action the solid matter is directed to settle in the lower cone of the tank 8.
- a pressure transmitter 9 arranged to direct this solid matter in a flow 17 to join the flue gas flow 20, whereby the liquid held by the solid matter evaporates off and the solid matter separates in dry dust form in the lower part of the cyclone separator 1, whence the pressure transmitter 2 sends the dry solid matter as a material flow 13 to the centralized powdery material storage already described.
- the washing liquid flow 12 contains the requisite neutralizing substance, in which capacity Ca(CH) 2 , or so-called milk of lime, serves best.
- the quantity of milk of lime in the washing liquid is advantageously monitored so that the mixing and flotation unit 6 can operate in a pH range of preferably 5 to 9.
- other chemicals may be used instead of milk of lime, for instance NaOH, or caustic liquor, or NaCO 3 , or soda, in which case the sulphur present in the flue gas flow 20 will react without forming any solid products. In that case nothing emerges from the mixing and flotation unit 6 but the quick ash that has passed through the cyclone separator 1.
- the material flews 17 and 18 dried in the incoming flue gas flow 20 are separated in the cyclone separator 1 mainly in granulated form. It should be particularly noted that the size both of the mixing and flotation unit 6 and the tank 8 is comparatively small compared with the liquid tanks in present use. In the procedure of the invention, the requirement of fresh washing water, in terms of weight, is on the order of the coal quantity (the fuel quantity) that is fed in.
- An advantageous way to accomplish such recovery is to arrange for a return flow 11 from the tank 8 to the wet washer 3, e.g. by means of a water circulating pump 10.
- a return flow 11 from the tank 8 to the wet washer 3, e.g. by means of a water circulating pump 10.
- the temperature in the tank varies: for instance in connection with coal firing, between 40 and 60°C.
- the return flow 11 also flushes out impurities from the wet washer 3 because the return flew joins the washing liquid flow 5, which is directed to the mixing and flotation unit 6. It is thus possible in the procedure of the invention to achieve a socalled closed washing liquid circulation.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
Abstract
Procédé de lavage mouillé, dans lequel les produits de réaction, avec en tête le bioxyde de soufre qui a brûlé avec de la chaux réagissent pour devenir du sulfite de Ca, celui-ci s'oxydant le mieux au contact de l'air. Le gypse oxydé subit une flottation à l'aide d'air oxydant dans un réservoir de réaction (6) et la mousse est acheminée soit dans le volume de combustion soit à l'endroit où se trouvent les gaz de fumée chauds (20) ou elle les rejoint pour être purifiée, empêchant ainsi toute émission liquide. Le gypse qui a rejoint les cendres volantes est séparé dans un séparateur à sec (1) à l'état sec, une petite partie des cendres volantes pouvant alors une fois de plus être reconduite au lavage dans le liquide et à la flottation, puis de là au séchage.Wet washing process, in which the reaction products, with sulfur dioxide which has burned with lime in mind, react to become Ca sulphite, which oxidizes best on contact with air. The oxidized gypsum undergoes flotation with the aid of oxidizing air in a reaction tank (6) and the foam is conveyed either to the combustion volume or to the place where the hot smoke gases are located (20) or it joins them to be purified, thus preventing any liquid emission. The gypsum which has joined the fly ash is separated in a dry separator (1) in the dry state, a small part of the fly ash can then once again be taken back to washing in the liquid and to the flotation, then there on drying.
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/FI1986/000027 WO1987005530A1 (en) | 1986-03-19 | 1986-03-19 | Flue-gas purifying procedure |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0261110A1 true EP0261110A1 (en) | 1988-03-30 |
Family
ID=8556395
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP19860901880 Withdrawn EP0261110A1 (en) | 1986-03-19 | 1986-03-19 | Flue-gas purifying procedure |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0261110A1 (en) |
DK (1) | DK593287A (en) |
WO (1) | WO1987005530A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AT393094B (en) * | 1989-04-14 | 1991-08-12 | Krassnigg Franz | Process and apparatus for cleaning hot waste gases, especially flue gases |
DE4029394A1 (en) * | 1990-09-17 | 1992-03-19 | Erz & Kohleflotation Gmbh | METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR THE TREATMENT OF A WASTE TURBINE RESULTING FROM THE FLUE GAS DESULFURATION IN A REA WASHER AND TO MINIMIZE THE SOLIDS TO BE DEPOSED |
FI113843B (en) * | 2002-09-24 | 2004-06-30 | Kvaerner Power Oy | Method and plant for processing material flows of a flue gas scrubber |
FI117324B (en) | 2003-09-10 | 2006-09-15 | Kvaerner Power Oy | Process of a flue gas cubes |
WO2006056222A1 (en) * | 2004-11-26 | 2006-06-01 | Ashland Licensing And Intellectual Property Llc. | Method for separating solids from gas washers |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1401682A (en) * | 1972-03-15 | 1975-07-30 | Fisons Ltd | Washing of calcium sulphate crystals |
GB1455844A (en) * | 1973-02-01 | 1976-11-17 | Bpb Industries Ltd | Granulating gypsum |
US4294807A (en) * | 1980-11-10 | 1981-10-13 | Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. | System for removing solids from a used lime or limestone slurry scrubbing liquor in flue gas desulfurization |
DE3237474C2 (en) * | 1982-10-09 | 1985-10-03 | Knauf Engineering GmbH, 8715 Iphofen | Process for drying moist gypsum, in particular gypsum from a wet chemical flue gas desulphurization system |
-
1986
- 1986-03-19 WO PCT/FI1986/000027 patent/WO1987005530A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1986-03-19 EP EP19860901880 patent/EP0261110A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1987
- 1987-11-12 DK DK593287A patent/DK593287A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO8705530A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO1987005530A1 (en) | 1987-09-24 |
DK593287D0 (en) | 1987-11-12 |
DK593287A (en) | 1987-11-12 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 19871019 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): DE FR GB SE |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 19880621 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN |
|
18D | Application deemed to be withdrawn |
Effective date: 19881217 |
|
RIN1 | Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected) |
Inventor name: JAERVENPAEAE, VILJO, JUHANA |