EP0257544A2 - Receiving device for microwave signals - Google Patents

Receiving device for microwave signals Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0257544A2
EP0257544A2 EP87112028A EP87112028A EP0257544A2 EP 0257544 A2 EP0257544 A2 EP 0257544A2 EP 87112028 A EP87112028 A EP 87112028A EP 87112028 A EP87112028 A EP 87112028A EP 0257544 A2 EP0257544 A2 EP 0257544A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
signals
signal
antenna
voltage
receiving device
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Application number
EP87112028A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0257544B1 (en
EP0257544A3 (en
Inventor
Helmut Dr. Entschladen
Rainer Strietzel
Bernd Dipl.-Ing. Siedelhofer
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ASEA BROWN BOVERI AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT
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Licentia Patent Verwaltungs GmbH
BBC Brown Boveri AG Germany
BBC Brown Boveri France SA
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H01Q1/248—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set provided with an AC/DC converting device, e.g. rectennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q25/00—Antennas or antenna systems providing at least two radiating patterns
    • H01Q25/001—Crossed polarisation dual antennas

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a receiving device for microwave signals with a receiving antenna and a detector circuit.
  • Microwave signals are usually transmitted wirelessly using special antennas and evaluated, demodulated, mixed, amplified, etc. by electronic receivers.
  • the transmit and receive antennas are designed as horn, parabolic antennas or in planar microwave stripline technology.
  • microwave stripline technology has become more and more popular because it enables miniaturized microwave circuits to let.
  • Such a strip line consists of a conductive base area, a dielectric carrier material (substrate plate) arranged above it and a metallized conductor track located thereon.
  • the lines known from high-frequency technology with 50 ⁇ characteristic impedance can also be realized on ceramic substrates.
  • microwave strip lines compared to coaxial or hollow lines, which are largely due to ohmic losses, partly to dielectric losses and, in the case of unshielded circuits, to radiation losses, are largely compensated for by the shorter line sections.
  • the behavior of idling strip lines to emit electromagnetic waves can be used to manufacture planar antennas. Most commonly used are microwave stripline resonators of length ⁇ / 2.
  • a receiving device constructed in an integrated form is supplied with energy from outside by strong microwave radiation via planar antennas in stripline technology
  • a receiving device should therefore be created which only has two signals which are closely adjacent in frequency with one antenna receives and processes with very different amplitudes and different types of polarization.
  • the use of only one antenna for the signals which differ in frequency, amplitude and polarization results in a simple, space-saving and inexpensive construction in the receiving device according to the invention.
  • the entire arrangement can be integrated even more easily, so that all system functions can be accommodated on one module (substrate plate) (see FIG. 1).
  • a division of the transmission into horizontally and vertically linearly polarized waves and the separate decoupling of the two received signals (energy signal and data signal) results in a doubling of the reception channels.
  • the power signal is a hundred times larger than the data signal - and the close frequency neighborhood of the transmitted signals, the decoupling is very good and the reception quality is high. Further advantages are evident from the description below.
  • the receiving device according to the invention is illuminated by two signals of almost the same frequency (spacing a few MHz).
  • the amplitudes of the two signals are very different (c. 20 dB).
  • the polarization planes of the emitted signals are shifted from one another by 90 °.
  • An unmodulated strong RF carrier P U of large amplitude is radiated linearly polarized vertically (or horizontally), while an amplitude-modulated information signal P M of small amplitude is radiated horizontally (or vertically) linearly polarized.
  • the operating range of the transmitted signals is approximately 6 GHz.
  • the receiving device consists of an antenna 1 constructed in stripline technology, which receives both the vertically (horizontally) linearly polarized energy signal P U and the horizontally (vertically) linearly polarized data signal P M.
  • the antenna provided for the energy signal P U and the data signal P M is a strip line on a dielectric substrate (usually aluminum oxide ceramic or poly tetrafluoroethylene).
  • the high-frequency signals from the antennas must be decoupled and processed.
  • the RF signals are derived separately via suitable connections on the stripline antenna 1.
  • the receiving energy signal P U is fed to the center connection A of the series connection of two diodes D1 and D2.
  • This diode circuit is used for rectification and, in conjunction with capacitors (not shown), for voltage doubling and is intended to enable a high output voltage U B at terminals B and C of the series circuit.
  • a rectifier circuit with only one diode is of course also possible.
  • An unmodulated DC voltage is thus applied to terminals B and C, which can be used, for example, to supply power to active components.
  • the data signal P M received by the antenna 1 and offset by 90 ° lies a few MHz next to the energy signal P U , is weaker by a factor of 100 than the energy signal P U and is amplitude-modulated.
  • the received signal is rectified at diode D3 and is available at terminal D as a modulated DC voltage U M.

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  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Digital Transmission Methods That Use Modulated Carrier Waves (AREA)
  • Input Circuits Of Receivers And Coupling Of Receivers And Audio Equipment (AREA)
  • Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

Because of the geometry of a stripline antenna, this antenna can receive horizontally and vertically polarised signals (PM, PU). The received vertically polarised energy signals (PU) and the horizontally polarised data signals (PM) are demodulated separately and further processed. The energy signals are available as an operating voltage (UB) after a combined detector and voltage doubling circuit (D1,D2). The data signals are further processed as a modulated DC voltage after demodulation (D3). …<IMAGE>…

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Empfangseinrichtung für Mikrowellensignale mit einer Empfangsantenne und einer Detektorschaltung.The invention relates to a receiving device for microwave signals with a receiving antenna and a detector circuit.

Die Ubertragung von Informationen im Mikrowellenbereich (oberhalb 1 GHz) läßt eine neuartige Technik zu, die sich in den letzten Jahren zunehmend ausgeweitet hat. Eine Einführung in die integrierte Mikrowellentechnik ist aus der Zeitschrift "Elektronik-Anzeiger" Jahrg. 1977 mit den Heften 4, 5, 6, 8, 9 bekannt.The transmission of information in the microwave range (above 1 GHz) allows a new type of technology that has been increasingly expanded in recent years. An introduction to integrated microwave technology is known from the magazine "Elektronik-Anzeiger" year 1977 with issues 4, 5, 6, 8, 9.

Mikrowellensignale werden üblicherweise drahtlos unter Verwendung von speziellen Antennen übertragen und durch elektronische Empfänger ausgewertet, demoduliert, ge­mischt, verstärkt usw. Die Sende- und Empfangsantennen werden dabei als Horn-, Parabolantenne oder in planarer Mikrowellen-Streifenleitungstechnik ausgeführt. Dabei hat sich in den letzten Jahren die Mikrowellen-Streifen­leitungstechnik immer mehr durchgesetzt, weil sich damit miniaturisierte Mikrowellenschaltungen realisieren lassen. Eine derartige Streifenleitung besteht aus einer leitenden Grundfläche, einem darüber angeordneten di­elektrischen Trägermaterial (Substratplättchen) und einer darauf befindlichen metallisierten Leiterbahn. Durch geeignete Dimensionierung der Streifenleitungen lassen sich auch auf Keramiksubstrat die von der Hoch­frequenztechnik bekannten Leitungen mit 50 Ω Wellenwiderstand realisieren. Die gegenüber Koaxial- oder Hohlleitungen größeren Verluste von Mikrowellenstreifenleitungen, die zum großen Teil auf ohmschen Verlusten, zum kleineren Teil auf dielektri­schen Verlusten und bei nicht abgeschirmten Schaltungen auf Abstrahlungsverlusten beruhen, werden durch die kürzeren Leitungsstrecken weitgehend kompensiert. Das Verhalten leerlaufender Streifenleitungen, elektromagne­tische Wellen abzustrahlen, läßt sich zur Herstellung planarer Antennen ausnutzen. Am häufigsten dienen dazu Mikrowellenstreifenleitungs-Resonatoren der Länge λ/₂.Microwave signals are usually transmitted wirelessly using special antennas and evaluated, demodulated, mixed, amplified, etc. by electronic receivers. The transmit and receive antennas are designed as horn, parabolic antennas or in planar microwave stripline technology. In the past few years, microwave stripline technology has become more and more popular because it enables miniaturized microwave circuits to let. Such a strip line consists of a conductive base area, a dielectric carrier material (substrate plate) arranged above it and a metallized conductor track located thereon. By suitable dimensioning of the strip lines, the lines known from high-frequency technology with 50 Ω characteristic impedance can also be realized on ceramic substrates. The greater losses of microwave strip lines compared to coaxial or hollow lines, which are largely due to ohmic losses, partly to dielectric losses and, in the case of unshielded circuits, to radiation losses, are largely compensated for by the shorter line sections. The behavior of idling strip lines to emit electromagnetic waves can be used to manufacture planar antennas. Most commonly used are microwave stripline resonators of length λ / ₂.

Für die Ubertragung verschiedener Mikrowellensignale mit unterschiedlicher Frequenz, Polarisation und Modulation ist es erforderlich, mehrere getrennte Empfangsantennen vorzusehen. Dies wird besonders dann erforderlich, wenn beispielsweise ein starkes, unmoduliertes HF-Signal und ein schwaches Informationssignal übertragen werden sol­len. Zusätzlich entstehen bei der obligatorischen Gleichrichter/Detektor-Demodulationsschaltung Schwierig­keiten. Denn wegen der hohen Aussteuerung der Empfangs­diode durch das starke unmodulierte HF-Signal ver­schlechtert sich die Empfindlichkeit der Eingangsschal­tung für ein schwaches, moduliertes Signal, so daß eine Pegelerhöhung für dieses eigentliche Nutzsignal erfor­derlich wäre.For the transmission of different microwave signals with different frequency, polarization and modulation, it is necessary to provide several separate receiving antennas. This is particularly necessary if, for example, a strong, unmodulated RF signal and a weak information signal are to be transmitted. In addition, difficulties arise with the mandatory rectifier / detector demodulation circuit. Because due to the high modulation of the receiving diode by the strong unmodulated RF signal, the sensitivity of the input circuit for a weak, modulated signal deteriorates, so that an increase in level for this actual useful signal would be necessary.

Ausgehend von der DE-PS 25 08 201, in der eine in inte­grierter Form aufgebaute Empfangseinrichtung über plana­re Antennen in Streifenleitungstechnik von außen durch starke Mikrowellenstrahlung mit Energie versorgt wird, soll deshalb eine Empfangseinrichtung geschaffen werden, die nur mit einer Antenne zwei frequenzmäßig eng benach­barte Signale mit stark unterschiedlicher Amplitude und verschiedenartiger Polarisation empfängt und verarbei­tet.Starting from DE-PS 25 08 201, in which a receiving device constructed in an integrated form is supplied with energy from outside by strong microwave radiation via planar antennas in stripline technology, a receiving device should therefore be created which only has two signals which are closely adjacent in frequency with one antenna receives and processes with very different amplitudes and different types of polarization.

Erfindungsgemäß wird dies durch die Merkmale des Patent­anspruchs erzielt.According to the invention, this is achieved by the features of the patent claim.

Durch die Verwendung nur einer Antenne für die in Fre­quenz, Amplitude und Polarisation unterschiedlichen Si­gnale ergibt sich ein einfacher, platzsparender und bil­liger Aufbau bei der erfindungsgemäßen Empfangseinrich­tung. Die gesamte Anordnung läßt sich dadurch noch ein­facher integrieren, so daß alle Systemfunktionen auf einem Modul (Substratplatte) untergebracht werden können (siehe Fig. 1). Durch eine Aufteilung der Ubertragung in horizontal und vertikal linear polarisierte Wellen und die getrennte Auskopplung der beiden empfangenen Signale (Energiesignal und Datensignal) ergibt sich eine Verdop­pelung der Empfangskanäle. Trotz der hohen Leistungsun­terschiede - das Energiesignal ist von der Leistung her hundertmal größer als das Datensignal - und der engen Frequenznachbarschaft der übertragenden Signale ergibt sich eine sehr gut Entkopplung und damit eine hohe Emp­fangsqualität. Weitere Vorteile sind aus der nachfolgen­den Beschreibung ersichtlich.The use of only one antenna for the signals which differ in frequency, amplitude and polarization results in a simple, space-saving and inexpensive construction in the receiving device according to the invention. The entire arrangement can be integrated even more easily, so that all system functions can be accommodated on one module (substrate plate) (see FIG. 1). A division of the transmission into horizontally and vertically linearly polarized waves and the separate decoupling of the two received signals (energy signal and data signal) results in a doubling of the reception channels. Despite the high power differences - the power signal is a hundred times larger than the data signal - and the close frequency neighborhood of the transmitted signals, the decoupling is very good and the reception quality is high. Further advantages are evident from the description below.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung wird nachstehend anhand der Zeichnung näher erläutert.An embodiment of the invention is explained below with reference to the drawing.

Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 eine in Streifenleitungstechnik ausgeführte Empfangsschaltung und
  • Fig. 2 das zu Fig. 1 gehörende elektrische Schalt­bild.
Show it:
  • Fig. 1 is a stripline technology receiving circuit and
  • Fig. 2 shows the electrical circuit diagram belonging to Fig. 1.

Die erfindungsgemäße Empfangseinrichtung wird von zwei nahezu gleichfrequenten (Abstand einige MHz) Signalen angestrahlt.The receiving device according to the invention is illuminated by two signals of almost the same frequency (spacing a few MHz).

Die Amplituden der beiden Signale sind dagegen sehr un­terschiedlich (c. 20 dB). Die Polarisationsebenen der abgestrahlten Signale sind um 90° gegeneinander verscho­ben.In contrast, the amplitudes of the two signals are very different (c. 20 dB). The polarization planes of the emitted signals are shifted from one another by 90 °.

Ein unmodulierter starker HF-Träger PU großer Amplitude wird vertikal (oder horizontal) linear polarisiert abge­strahlt, während ein amplitudenmoduliertes Informations­signal PM geringer Amplitude horizontal (oder vertikal) linear polarisiert abgestrahlt wird. Der Arbeitsbereich der übertragenen Signale liegt bei ungefähr 6 GHz.An unmodulated strong RF carrier P U of large amplitude is radiated linearly polarized vertically (or horizontally), while an amplitude-modulated information signal P M of small amplitude is radiated horizontally (or vertically) linearly polarized. The operating range of the transmitted signals is approximately 6 GHz.

Die Empfangseinrichtung besteht aus einer in Streifen­leitungstechnik aufgebauten Antenne 1, die sowohl das vertikal (horizontal) linear polarisierte Energiesignal PU als auch das horizontal (vertikal) linear polarisier­te Datensignal PM empfängt. Dabei sind die Abmessungen der Antennenstruktur so gewählt, daß die Länge in x- Richtung der halben Leitungswellenlänge des Signals PU entspricht (lx =

Figure imgb0001
=
Figure imgb0002
), während die Länge in y-­Richtung (ly) genau
Figure imgb0003
=
Figure imgb0004
beträgt (c = effektive Ausbreitungsgeschwindigkeit im Substratmaterial).The receiving device consists of an antenna 1 constructed in stripline technology, which receives both the vertically (horizontally) linearly polarized energy signal P U and the horizontally (vertically) linearly polarized data signal P M. The dimensions of the antenna structure are chosen so that the length in the x direction corresponds to half the line wavelength of the signal P U (l x =
Figure imgb0001
=
Figure imgb0002
), while the length in the y direction (ly) is exact
Figure imgb0003
=
Figure imgb0004
is (c = effective propagation speed in the substrate material).

Die für das Energiesignal PU und das Datensignal PM vor­gesehene Antenne ist als Streifenleitung auf ein dielek­trisches Substrat (meist Aluminiumoxidkeramik oder Poly­ tetrafluorethylen) aufgetragen. Die hochfrequenzmäßigen Signale von der Antenn müssen ausgekoppelt und weiter­verarbeitet werden. Dazu werden über geeignete Anschlüs­se auf der Streifenleitungsantenne 1 die HF-Signale ge­trennt abgeleitet. Das empfangende Energiesignal PU wird dabei auf den Mittelanschluß A der Reihenschaltung von zwei Dioden D1 und D2 geführt. Diese Diodenschaltung dient zur Gleichrichtung und in Verbindung mit nicht dargestellten Kapazitäten zur Spannungsverdopplung und soll eine hohe Ausgangsspannung UB an den Klemmen B und C der Reihenschaltung ermöglichen. Eine Gleichrichter­schaltung mit nur einer Diode ist selbstverständlich ebenfalls möglich. An den Klemmen B und C liegt somit eine unmodulierte Gleichspannung, die beispielsweise zur Spannungsversorgung für aktive Bauteile verwendet werden kann.The antenna provided for the energy signal P U and the data signal P M is a strip line on a dielectric substrate (usually aluminum oxide ceramic or poly tetrafluoroethylene). The high-frequency signals from the antennas must be decoupled and processed. For this purpose, the RF signals are derived separately via suitable connections on the stripline antenna 1. The receiving energy signal P U is fed to the center connection A of the series connection of two diodes D1 and D2. This diode circuit is used for rectification and, in conjunction with capacitors (not shown), for voltage doubling and is intended to enable a high output voltage U B at terminals B and C of the series circuit. A rectifier circuit with only one diode is of course also possible. An unmodulated DC voltage is thus applied to terminals B and C, which can be used, for example, to supply power to active components.

Das von der Antenne 1 empfangene, um 90° versetzte Da­tensignal PM liegt einige MHz neben dem Energiesignal PU, ist um den Faktor 100 schwächer als das Energiesig­nal PU und ist amplitudenmoduliert. Das empfangene Sig­nal wird an der Diode D3 gleichgerichtet und steht an der Klemme D als modulierte Gleichspannung UM zur Verfü­gung.The data signal P M received by the antenna 1 and offset by 90 ° lies a few MHz next to the energy signal P U , is weaker by a factor of 100 than the energy signal P U and is amplitude-modulated. The received signal is rectified at diode D3 and is available at terminal D as a modulated DC voltage U M.

Claims (1)

1. Empfangseinrichtung für Mikrowellensignale mit einer Empfangsantenne und einer Detektorschaltung, da­durch gekennzeichnet,daß
nur eine einzige Antenne (1) für den Empfang eines ver­tikal polarisierten Energiesignals (PU) und eines hori­zontal polarisierten Datensignals (PM) vorgesehen ist, daß für das Energiesignal (PU) und das Datensignal (PM) getrennte Detektorschaltungen vorhanden sind, und daß die Detektorschaltung für das Energiesignal (PU) eine Spannungsverdopplerschaltung (D1, D2) zur Erzeugung einer Betriebsspannung (UB) und die Detektorschaltung für das Datensignal (PM) eine Diode (D3) mit einem Ar­beitswiderstand (R) zur Bildung einer modulierten Gleichspannung (UM) aufweisen.1. Receiving device for microwave signals with a receiving antenna and a detector circuit, characterized in that
only a single antenna (1) for receiving a vertically polarized energy signal (P U ) and a horizontally polarized data signal (P M ) is provided, that separate detector circuits are provided for the energy signal (P U ) and the data signal (P M ), and that the detector circuit for the energy signal (P U ) a voltage doubler circuit (D1, D2) for generating an operating voltage (U B ) and the detector circuit for the data signal (P M ) a diode (D3) with a load resistor (R) to form a have modulated DC voltage (U M ).
EP87112028A 1986-08-22 1987-08-19 Receiving device for microwave signals Expired - Lifetime EP0257544B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3628583 1986-08-22
DE3628583A DE3628583C2 (en) 1986-08-22 1986-08-22 Receiving device for microwave signals

Publications (3)

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EP0257544A2 true EP0257544A2 (en) 1988-03-02
EP0257544A3 EP0257544A3 (en) 1988-12-07
EP0257544B1 EP0257544B1 (en) 1993-06-09

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JP (1) JP2812680B2 (en)
DE (2) DE3628583C2 (en)

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Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4893126A (en) * 1987-09-23 1990-01-09 U.S. Philips Corporation Integrated millimeter-wave transceiver
GB2220525B (en) * 1988-07-08 1991-10-30 Marconi Co Ltd Waveguide coupling arrangement
EP0376074A2 (en) * 1988-12-28 1990-07-04 Her Majesty In Right Of Canada, As Represented By The Minister Of Communications Dual polarization microstrip array antenna
EP0376074A3 (en) * 1988-12-28 1990-12-27 Her Majesty In Right Of Canada, As Represented By The Minister Of Communications Dual polarization microstrip array antenna
FR2646739A1 (en) * 1989-04-03 1990-11-09 Yamatake Honeywell Co Ltd MICROWAVE ELECTRIC POWER RECTIFIER
GB2242316A (en) * 1990-03-22 1991-09-25 Funai Electric Engineering Com Patch type microstrip antenna for receiving vertically and/or horizontally polarized waves
GB2242316B (en) * 1990-03-22 1994-08-24 Funai Electric Engineering Com Patch type microstrip antenna for receiving vertically and/or horizontally polarized waves
EP0682382A3 (en) * 1994-05-09 1995-12-20 Disys Corporation Microwave integrated tuned detector
EP0682382A2 (en) * 1994-05-09 1995-11-15 Disys Corporation Microwave integrated tuned detector
DE19851058A1 (en) * 1998-11-05 2000-05-18 Trw Automotive Electron & Comp Transmitting and / or receiving device, in particular for a motor vehicle
EP1970994A1 (en) * 2007-03-12 2008-09-17 Nederlandse Organisatie voor toegepast- natuurwetenschappelijk onderzoek TNO A direct current energy supplying antenna structure
WO2008111836A1 (en) * 2007-03-12 2008-09-18 Nederlandse Organisatie Voor Toegepast-Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek Tno A direct current energy supplying antenna structure
WO2010099266A1 (en) 2009-02-26 2010-09-02 Harris Corporation Wireless communications including an antenna for wireless power transmission and data communication and associated methods
US8144066B2 (en) 2009-02-26 2012-03-27 Harris Corporation Wireless communications including an antenna for wireless power transmission and data communication and associated methods
RU2519389C1 (en) * 2012-11-12 2014-06-10 Корпорация "САМСУНГ ЭЛЕКТРОНИКС Ко., Лтд." Small-sized resonator for wireless power transmission and its integration with antenna for data transmission
CN103474778A (en) * 2013-09-13 2013-12-25 电子科技大学 Dual-frequency receiving antenna and dual-frequency rectifying antenna
CN103474778B (en) * 2013-09-13 2015-09-09 电子科技大学 A kind of bifrequency reception antenna and bifrequency RECTIFYING ANTENNA

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS6354023A (en) 1988-03-08
DE3786124D1 (en) 1993-07-15
EP0257544B1 (en) 1993-06-09
DE3628583A1 (en) 1988-03-10
DE3628583C2 (en) 1993-12-09
EP0257544A3 (en) 1988-12-07
JP2812680B2 (en) 1998-10-22
US4918749A (en) 1990-04-17

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