EP0252728A2 - Metallic slide members to be used with ceramic slide members and sliding assemblies using the same - Google Patents
Metallic slide members to be used with ceramic slide members and sliding assemblies using the same Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0252728A2 EP0252728A2 EP87306019A EP87306019A EP0252728A2 EP 0252728 A2 EP0252728 A2 EP 0252728A2 EP 87306019 A EP87306019 A EP 87306019A EP 87306019 A EP87306019 A EP 87306019A EP 0252728 A2 EP0252728 A2 EP 0252728A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- slide member
- metallic
- ceramic
- sliding surface
- metallic slide
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/56—Investigating resistance to wear or abrasion
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
- F01L1/02—Valve drive
- F01L1/04—Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like
- F01L1/047—Camshafts
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
- F01L1/12—Transmitting gear between valve drive and valve
- F01L1/14—Tappets; Push rods
- F01L1/143—Tappets; Push rods for use with overhead camshafts
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
- F01L1/12—Transmitting gear between valve drive and valve
- F01L1/14—Tappets; Push rods
- F01L1/16—Silencing impact; Reducing wear
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L3/00—Lift-valve, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces; Parts or accessories thereof
- F01L3/22—Valve-seats not provided for in preceding subgroups of this group; Fixing of valve-seats
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F7/00—Casings, e.g. crankcases or frames
- F02F7/0085—Materials for constructing engines or their parts
- F02F7/0087—Ceramic materials
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
- F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
- F16C33/043—Sliding surface consisting mainly of ceramics, cermets or hard carbon, e.g. diamond like carbon [DLC]
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
- F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
- F16C33/06—Sliding surface mainly made of metal
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
- F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
- F16C33/06—Sliding surface mainly made of metal
- F16C33/12—Structural composition; Use of special materials or surface treatments, e.g. for rust-proofing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J10/00—Engine or like cylinders; Features of hollow, e.g. cylindrical, bodies in general
- F16J10/02—Cylinders designed to receive moving pistons or plungers
- F16J10/04—Running faces; Liners
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J9/00—Piston-rings, e.g. non-metallic piston-rings, seats therefor; Ring sealings of similar construction
- F16J9/26—Piston-rings, e.g. non-metallic piston-rings, seats therefor; Ring sealings of similar construction characterised by the use of particular materials
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N19/00—Investigating materials by mechanical methods
- G01N19/02—Measuring coefficient of friction between materials
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L2301/00—Using particular materials
- F01L2301/02—Using ceramic materials
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L2820/00—Details on specific features characterising valve gear arrangements
- F01L2820/01—Absolute values
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F05C2203/00—Non-metallic inorganic materials
- F05C2203/08—Ceramics; Oxides
- F05C2203/0865—Oxide ceramics
- F05C2203/0895—Zirconium oxide
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2204/00—Metallic materials; Alloys
- F16C2204/60—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a sliding assembly consisting of a ceramic member and a metallic member, and the invention particularly relates to a metallic slide member to slide relative to a ceramic member.
- Ceramics having excellent wear resistance have widely been used as slide members.
- wear of a metallic slide member to slide relative to the ceramic slide member becomes greater.
- the surfaces have been coated by a plasma-sprayed layer or a hard phase has been included in the metal surface layer.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 62-13,820 discloses that wear resistance of a metallic member to slide relative to silicon nitride, sialon, partially stabilized zirconia, or silicon carbide is improved by coating the metallic member with a mixture of Cu and LiF.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 59-9,148 discloses a slide member made of a super hard sintered alloy in which a hard phase made of WC is bonded with a binder phase of Co.
- the former coating method has a disadvantage that the coated layer is likely to peel when it is too thick, while it has a short durable life when it is too thin.
- the latter sintered alloy has a disadvantage that it is difficult to produce and process and a producing cost is high.
- a metallic slide member to be used in combination with a ceramic slide member, wherein the metallic slide member forms a lubricating layer of a metallic coat (hereinafter referred to as "metallic coat lubricating layer") onto a sliding surface of the ceramic slide member by transferring a metal on the sliding surface of the metallic slide member onto the ceramic sliding surface, and which preferably contains one or more kinds of alloying elements consisting of Mo, Co, Ti and W in not less than a specified amount.
- a sliding assembly consisting of a metallic slide member and a ceramic slide member, said metallic slide member being capable of forming a metallic coat lubricating layer on a sliding surface of the ceramic slide member by transferring a metal at a sliding surface of the metallic slide member onto the ceramic member when the metallic slide member slides relative to the ceramic member.
- the metallic slide member according to the present invention is characterized in that a sufficient amount of a metal is transferred to the slide surface of the ceramic slide member to form a metallic coat lubricating layer on the sliding surface of the ceramic slide member. Thereby, excellent wear resistance can be obtained at room and elevated temperatures.
- the term "metallic coat lubricating layer” is used to mean a layer of a metal, an oxide of the metal, or a reaction product between the metal and a ceramic material which is firmly stuck to a sliding surface of the ceramic member through physical adsorption or chemical reaction with the ceramic sliding surface as a layer of such a thickness that the transferred layer may prevent the sliding surface of the ceramic slide member from directly contacting with the sliding surface of the opponent metallic slide member and largely reduce wear of the metallic slide member.
- the thickness of the transferred layer necessary to function as a lubricating layer is preferably greater than the maximum surface roughness of the sliding surfaces of the metallic slide member and the ceramic slide member.
- the thickness of the transferred layer is not less than about 0.5 f.lm with respect to an ordinarily polished surface.
- a metal containing one or more kinds of alloying element consisting of Mo, Co, Ti and W in not less than a specific amount is preferred is that each of Mo, Co, Ti and W has a property of forming a transferred layer upon reaction with a ceramic material.
- the metallic slide member Since the transfer of the metal upon the ceramic member becomes generally more conspicuous as a temperature becomes higher, the metallic slide member has more excellent wear resistance at higher temperatures.
- the ceramic and metallic members slide relative to each other under the above-mentioned lubrication, a slight solid contact between them may occur to cause wear.
- the metallic slide member according to the present invention has an excellent sliding characteristic without necessitating a special lubrication, it goes without saying that the invention is also effective under application of an oil lubricant or a solid lubricant.
- the metallic slide member according to the present invention is also effective as a substrate metal to be coated.
- the specific wear amount of the ceramic slide member is indeed smaller. But, the specific wear amount of the ceramic slide member can be reduced to a substantially ignorable degree by the formation of the metal coat lubricating layer according to the present invention.
- silicon nitride, sialon, partially stabilized zirconia and silicon carbide are preferably used.
- Fig. 1 shows a schematic view illustrating a sliding mode of a tester used for measurement of a sliding characteristic of the slide member according to the present invention.
- a ceramic ring test piece 1 had a ring-like shape of an outer diameter of 35 mm and a width of 8 mm, and its outer peripheral sliding surface was finished to an average sliding surface roughness of 0.2 pm.
- a metallic test piece 2 had a block-like shape of 16 mm x 10 mm x 6 mm, and its sliding surface was finished to a sliding surface roughness of 0.1 to 0.2 pm.
- a load of 20 N was downwardly applied upon the metallic test piece 2 by way of a spherical test 3 by means of a fulcrum type loader (not shown).
- thermocouple 4 spot welded to the surface of the metallic test piece 2 spaced from the sliding surface by 1 mm.
- a room temperature test was performed without being heated by the electric furnace, but a temperature at the thermocouple 4 was about 150°C due to generation of a frictional heat.
- Fig. 2 shows a measurement result of X-ray energy spectrum of a sliding surface of a ceramic test piece slid in combination with a sample No. 33 according to the present invention by using an energy-dispersive X-ray microanalyzer.
- This spectrum was obtained under conditions that an energy of an incident electrons was 20 KeV and an irradiated area was 1 ⁇ m ⁇ .
- "a”, “b”, “c”, “d”, and “e” correspond to X-rays due to Si element, Ce element, Cr element, Fe element, and W element, respectively.
- Fe, Cr and W are alloying elements of M2, and a sufficient amount of M2 steel was transferred to the ceramics.
- Si is an element contained In Si 3 N 4 .
- Ce0 2 was used as a sintering aid for Si 3 N 4 and Ce is an element constituting an intergranular phase.
- Fig. 3 shows a profile of the surface roughness of a ceramic test piece slid in combination with the test sample No. 33 according to the present invention.
- "a" and “b” are a non-slid area and a sliding surface area, respectively.
- the surface roughness of the sliding surface "b” increased due to wear, but a plurality of areas higher by 2 to 4 ⁇ m than the non-slid area "a” exists, which shows that the metal was transferred onto the ceramics.
- Table 3 gives increased weights of the slid ceramic test pieces due to the transfer.
- the increased weight being 0 mg means that the wear amount is equal to the transferred amount.
- the metallic slide member according to the present invention forms a metallic coat lubricating layer onto the ceramic sliding surface through a metal being transferred onto the sliding surface of the ceramic slide member, it can exhibit excellent wear resistance at room temperature as well as particularly at elevated temperatures.
- the metallic slide member according to the present invention is featured by more facilitated manufacturing and processing and less expensive cost as compared with the conventional surface-coating method.
- the present invention can favorably be applied to parts combinations of a cylinder liner and a piston ring, a valve and a valve seat, a tappet or a rocker arm tip and a cam, etc.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)
- Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
- Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- The present invention relates to a sliding assembly consisting of a ceramic member and a metallic member, and the invention particularly relates to a metallic slide member to slide relative to a ceramic member. Ceramics having excellent wear resistance have widely been used as slide members. However, when a ceramic slide member is used, wear of a metallic slide member to slide relative to the ceramic slide member becomes greater. For this reason, in order to improve wear resistance of surfaces of the metallic slide members, the surfaces have been coated by a plasma-sprayed layer or a hard phase has been included in the metal surface layer. For instance, Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 62-13,820 discloses that wear resistance of a metallic member to slide relative to silicon nitride, sialon, partially stabilized zirconia, or silicon carbide is improved by coating the metallic member with a mixture of Cu and LiF.
- Further Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 59-9,148 discloses a slide member made of a super hard sintered alloy in which a hard phase made of WC is bonded with a binder phase of Co.
- However, the former coating method has a disadvantage that the coated layer is likely to peel when it is too thick, while it has a short durable life when it is too thin. On the other hand, the latter sintered alloy has a disadvantage that it is difficult to produce and process and a producing cost is high.
- It is an object of the present invention to obviate the above-mentioned problems, and to provide a metaliic member having excellent wear resistance, as a metallic slide member for a ceramic slide member, without necessitating a surface treatment such as coating or inclusion of a hard phase as in the case of the sintered alloy.
- It is another object of the present invention to provide a wear resistive sliding assembly consisting of such a metallic slide member and a ceramic slide member.
- According to the present invention, there is provided a metallic slide member to be used in combination with a ceramic slide member, wherein the metallic slide member forms a lubricating layer of a metallic coat (hereinafter referred to as "metallic coat lubricating layer") onto a sliding surface of the ceramic slide member by transferring a metal on the sliding surface of the metallic slide member onto the ceramic sliding surface, and which preferably contains one or more kinds of alloying elements consisting of Mo, Co, Ti and W in not less than a specified amount.
- According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a sliding assembly consisting of a metallic slide member and a ceramic slide member, said metallic slide member being capable of forming a metallic coat lubricating layer on a sliding surface of the ceramic slide member by transferring a metal at a sliding surface of the metallic slide member onto the ceramic member when the metallic slide member slides relative to the ceramic member.
- In the conventional metal-ceramic slide assembly, it is known that a metal is transferred upon a slide surface of a ceramic member or vice versa. On the other hand, the metallic slide member according to the present invention is characterized in that a sufficient amount of a metal is transferred to the slide surface of the ceramic slide member to form a metallic coat lubricating layer on the sliding surface of the ceramic slide member. Thereby, excellent wear resistance can be obtained at room and elevated temperatures.
- These and other optional features and advantages of the present invention will be well appreciated upon reading of the following description of the embodiments of invention when taking in conjunction with the attached drawings, wherein:
- Fig. 1 is a schematic view illustrating a sliding mode in a tester used for measurement of a sliding characteristic of a slide member according to the present invention;
- Fig. 2 is a diagram of X-ray energy spectrum measured by an energy-dispersive X-ray microanalyzer with respect to a sliding surface of a ceramic test piece having slide in combination with a test sample No. 3 according to the present invention; and
- Fig. 3 is a diagram showing surface roughness profile of the ceramic test piece slid in combination with the test sample No. 3 according to the present invention.
- In the specification and claims, the term "metallic coat lubricating layer" is used to mean a layer of a metal, an oxide of the metal, or a reaction product between the metal and a ceramic material which is firmly stuck to a sliding surface of the ceramic member through physical adsorption or chemical reaction with the ceramic sliding surface as a layer of such a thickness that the transferred layer may prevent the sliding surface of the ceramic slide member from directly contacting with the sliding surface of the opponent metallic slide member and largely reduce wear of the metallic slide member.In practice, the thickness of the transferred layer necessary to function as a lubricating layer is preferably greater than the maximum surface roughness of the sliding surfaces of the metallic slide member and the ceramic slide member. It is preferable that the thickness of the transferred layer is not less than about 0.5 f.lm with respect to an ordinarily polished surface. The reason why a metal containing one or more kinds of alloying element consisting of Mo, Co, Ti and W in not less than a specific amount is preferred is that each of Mo, Co, Ti and W has a property of forming a transferred layer upon reaction with a ceramic material.
- Since the transfer of the metal upon the ceramic member becomes generally more conspicuous as a temperature becomes higher, the metallic slide member has more excellent wear resistance at higher temperatures.
- When the ceramic and metallic members slide relative to each other under the above-mentioned lubrication, a slight solid contact between them may occur to cause wear. For this reason, although the metallic slide member according to the present invention has an excellent sliding characteristic without necessitating a special lubrication, it goes without saying that the invention is also effective under application of an oil lubricant or a solid lubricant.
- In the case where there is a possibility that a coating layer of a coated slide member is worn or peels so that a mother metal is locally or entirely brought into contact with an opponent slide member, the metallic slide member according to the present invention is also effective as a substrate metal to be coated.
- As compared with the metallic slide member,the specific wear amount of the ceramic slide member is indeed smaller. But, the specific wear amount of the ceramic slide member can be reduced to a substantially ignorable degree by the formation of the metal coat lubricating layer according to the present invention.
- As ceramic materials of the ceramic slide member in the sliding assembly according to the present invention, silicon nitride, sialon, partially stabilized zirconia and silicon carbide are preferably used.
- Fig. 1 shows a schematic view illustrating a sliding mode of a tester used for measurement of a sliding characteristic of the slide member according to the present invention. A ceramic ring test piece 1 had a ring-like shape of an outer diameter of 35 mm and a width of 8 mm, and its outer peripheral sliding surface was finished to an average sliding surface roughness of 0.2 pm. A
metallic test piece 2 had a block-like shape of 16 mm x 10 mm x 6 mm, and its sliding surface was finished to a sliding surface roughness of 0.1 to 0.2 pm. A load of 20 N was downwardly applied upon themetallic test piece 2 by way of a spherical test 3 by means of a fulcrum type loader (not shown). A sliding test was performed in a dry state in air while the ceramic ring test piece was rotated at 1,450 rpm (a peripheral speed: 2.7 m/s). In a high temperature test, an atmosphere around a sliding section was heated in an electric furnace, and a temperature was measured by athermocouple 4 spot welded to the surface of themetallic test piece 2 spaced from the sliding surface by 1 mm. A room temperature test was performed without being heated by the electric furnace, but a temperature at thethermocouple 4 was about 150°C due to generation of a frictional heat. - With respect to pressurelessly sintered silicon nitride among ceramic materials and various metallic materials shown in the following Table 1, sliding tests were carried out by using the above-mentioned tester, and coefficients of friction during sliding and specific wear rates after sliding over a specific distance were measured. Results were shown in Table 2a. Results regarding respective alloy components are given in Tables 2b to 2e, respectively. It is understood from Table 2b that if Mo is contained in an amount of not less than 32 wt%, a practically sufficient specific wear rate of not more than 10-8 mm2/N can be obtained. Further, it is also understood from Tables 2c, 2d and 2e that when Co, Ti or W is contained in an amount of not less than 20 wt%, not less than 85 wt%, or not less than 5 wt%, respectively, the specific wear rate is not more than 10-8 mm2/N. The specific wear rates of the metallic members outside the scope of the present invention are all as much as not less than 10-8 mm2/N.
- By using the same sliding tester and experimental conditions as in Example.1, sliding tests were carried out with respect to combinations of M2 steel which exhibited good sliding characteristic in Example 1 and various ceramics or with respect to a combination of M2 steel and silicon nitride when Cu + PbO were plasma sprayed onto the sliding surface of the M2 steel as a solid lubricant. Results are shown in Table 3. The specific wear rate of M2 steel was not more than 10-8 mm2/N with respect to any of the ceramics. Further, the M2 steel coated with Cu + PbO had a smaller specific wear rate as compared with a non-treated M2 steel'.
- Fig. 2 shows a measurement result of X-ray energy spectrum of a sliding surface of a ceramic test piece slid in combination with a sample No. 33 according to the present invention by using an energy-dispersive X-ray microanalyzer. This spectrum was obtained under conditions that an energy of an incident electrons was 20 KeV and an irradiated area was 1 µmΦ . In Fig. 2, "a", "b", "c", "d", and "e" correspond to X-rays due to Si element, Ce element, Cr element, Fe element, and W element, respectively. As obvious from the spectrum thus obtained, Fe, Cr and W are alloying elements of M2, and a sufficient amount of M2 steel was transferred to the ceramics. Si is an element contained In Si3 N4 . Ce02 was used as a sintering aid for Si3 N4 and Ce is an element constituting an intergranular phase.
- Fig. 3 shows a profile of the surface roughness of a ceramic test piece slid in combination with the test sample No. 33 according to the present invention. In Fig. 3 "a" and "b" are a non-slid area and a sliding surface area, respectively. As obvious from this figure, the surface roughness of the sliding surface "b" increased due to wear, but a plurality of areas higher by 2 to 4 µm than the non-slid area "a" exists, which shows that the metal was transferred onto the ceramics.
- Table 3 gives increased weights of the slid ceramic test pieces due to the transfer. The increased weight being 0 mg means that the wear amount is equal to the transferred amount.
- As evident from the foregoing explanation, since the metallic slide member according to the present invention forms a metallic coat lubricating layer onto the ceramic sliding surface through a metal being transferred onto the sliding surface of the ceramic slide member, it can exhibit excellent wear resistance at room temperature as well as particularly at elevated temperatures.
- Further, the metallic slide member according to the present invention is featured by more facilitated manufacturing and processing and less expensive cost as compared with the conventional surface-coating method. Thus, the present invention can favorably be applied to parts combinations of a cylinder liner and a piston ring, a valve and a valve seat, a tappet or a rocker arm tip and a cam, etc.
Claims (13)
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP162101/86 | 1986-07-11 | ||
JP16210186 | 1986-07-11 | ||
JP62155400A JPH0694886B2 (en) | 1986-07-11 | 1987-06-24 | Method for forming metal coating lubrication layer on sliding surface of ceramic member |
JP155400/87 | 1987-06-24 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP0252728A2 true EP0252728A2 (en) | 1988-01-13 |
EP0252728A3 EP0252728A3 (en) | 1989-03-15 |
EP0252728B1 EP0252728B1 (en) | 1991-02-27 |
Family
ID=26483417
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP87306019A Expired - Lifetime EP0252728B1 (en) | 1986-07-11 | 1987-07-08 | Metallic slide members to be used with ceramic slide members and sliding assemblies using the same |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0252728B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPH0694886B2 (en) |
DE (1) | DE3768159D1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1998007894A1 (en) * | 1996-08-23 | 1998-02-26 | Alliedsignal Inc. | Method for making parts usable in a fuel environment |
EP0937867A3 (en) * | 1998-02-20 | 2000-04-26 | Eaton Corporation | Light weight hollow valve assembly |
CN115594525A (en) * | 2022-10-25 | 2023-01-13 | 崇义恒毅陶瓷复合材料有限公司(Cn) | Wear-resistant sheet of centrifugal machine and preparation process thereof |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH0696474B2 (en) * | 1988-07-26 | 1994-11-30 | 株式会社▲吉▼野ハード | Seal mechanism |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2079869A (en) * | 1980-06-10 | 1982-01-27 | Citizen Watch Co Ltd | Solid-lubricated Bearing and Method of Fabricating Same |
DE3435821A1 (en) * | 1983-09-30 | 1985-05-02 | Ebara Corp | COMBINATION WITH SLIDERS |
-
1987
- 1987-06-24 JP JP62155400A patent/JPH0694886B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-07-08 DE DE8787306019T patent/DE3768159D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1987-07-08 EP EP87306019A patent/EP0252728B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2079869A (en) * | 1980-06-10 | 1982-01-27 | Citizen Watch Co Ltd | Solid-lubricated Bearing and Method of Fabricating Same |
DE3435821A1 (en) * | 1983-09-30 | 1985-05-02 | Ebara Corp | COMBINATION WITH SLIDERS |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN, vol. 3, no. 31, page 97 E 98, 16th March 1979; & JP-A-54 010 769 (SUWA SEIKOSHA K.K.) 26-01-1979 * |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1998007894A1 (en) * | 1996-08-23 | 1998-02-26 | Alliedsignal Inc. | Method for making parts usable in a fuel environment |
EP0937867A3 (en) * | 1998-02-20 | 2000-04-26 | Eaton Corporation | Light weight hollow valve assembly |
CN115594525A (en) * | 2022-10-25 | 2023-01-13 | 崇义恒毅陶瓷复合材料有限公司(Cn) | Wear-resistant sheet of centrifugal machine and preparation process thereof |
CN115594525B (en) * | 2022-10-25 | 2023-08-18 | 崇义恒毅陶瓷复合材料有限公司 | Wear-resistant plate of centrifugal machine and preparation process thereof |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE3768159D1 (en) | 1991-04-04 |
JPH0694886B2 (en) | 1994-11-24 |
EP0252728B1 (en) | 1991-02-27 |
JPS63246505A (en) | 1988-10-13 |
EP0252728A3 (en) | 1989-03-15 |
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