EP0250980B1 - Ventilated end turns for rotor windings of a dynamoelectric machine - Google Patents

Ventilated end turns for rotor windings of a dynamoelectric machine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0250980B1
EP0250980B1 EP87108492A EP87108492A EP0250980B1 EP 0250980 B1 EP0250980 B1 EP 0250980B1 EP 87108492 A EP87108492 A EP 87108492A EP 87108492 A EP87108492 A EP 87108492A EP 0250980 B1 EP0250980 B1 EP 0250980B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
coolant
rotor
disposed
gas
turns
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP87108492A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0250980A1 (en
Inventor
Christopher Anthony Kaminski
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
General Electric Co
Original Assignee
General Electric Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=25376338&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP0250980(B1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by General Electric Co filed Critical General Electric Co
Publication of EP0250980A1 publication Critical patent/EP0250980A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0250980B1 publication Critical patent/EP0250980B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/22Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/32Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K3/00Details of windings
    • H02K3/04Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors
    • H02K3/24Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors with channels or ducts for cooling medium between the conductors
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K3/00Details of windings
    • H02K3/04Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors
    • H02K3/22Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors consisting of hollow conductors

Definitions

  • This invention relates generally to the rotor windings of a dynamoelectric machine, and more particularly, to means for ventilating the end turn conductors of the windings.
  • a conductor is the element which conducts electricity, typically comprises copper and forms the other members of the current carrying path.
  • a turn is one electrical loop around a pole of a rotor.
  • a coil comprises all turns that are disposed in a predetermined axially extending slot, or coil slot, in the circumference of the rotor.
  • a winding comprises all concentric coils in the rotor.
  • a rotor of a gas cooled dynamoelectric machine includes a central rotor body portion defining a plurality of axially extending coil slots within which are disposed a plurality of coils.
  • the slots are circumferentially spaced on the periphery of the rotor body on either side of a pole portion of the body such that all coils disposed about the same pole portion are typically concentric and form a winding of the rotor.
  • a respective plurality of conductors constituting the winding carries current in loops about each pole of the rotor.
  • the conductors axially extend and are radially stacked in the coil slots to form turns with layers of insulation interposed between each turn.
  • heat is generated by I2R losses in the conductors.
  • Rotor windings with non-uniform temperature profiles experience higher levels of thermal distortion and vibration, due in part to increased thermal expansion, and consequently a lower level of reliability than rotor windings with uniform temperature distributions.
  • FR-A- 7143319 describes a cooling system in a dynamoelectric machine wherein the conductors have a cross-section having a double T shape providing two cooling channels.
  • cooling fluid is introduced by inlets situated close to the centerline of the rotor and close to the corners of the end turn portions.
  • cooling fluid is introduced through inlets situated close to the corners of the end turn portions.
  • the conductors forming the turns are too narrow to accommodate two grooves in the same turn.
  • coolant gas enters a single channel near the pole centerline and flows through the turn corner and axially toward the rotor body.
  • the flow in a radially outer and in in adjacent radially inner turn join into a single channel disposed in the radial outer of the two turns.
  • Gas from the radially inner turn joins the flow of gas in the radially outer turn through a hole in the copper coil and turn insulation located just outboard the axial end of the rotor body.
  • a fresh supply of coolant gas is then introduced into the radially inner turn just inboard the location at which the two outboard gas flows are combined.
  • Another scheme involves separate internal passages disposed in the axially lying portions of the coil and the circumferential end portions of the coil, respectively. Gas flowing in the circumferential end portion is kept separate from gas in the axially lying conductors by an elaborate and expensive baffling scheme. Coolant gas may be discharged through the centering ring or pole face of the dynamoelectric machine. Baffling is also required for winding coolant systems that have a gas inlet and gas outlet disposed relatively close to each other in order to maintain adequate gas pressure differential for urging coolant gas flow through internal passageways in the conductors.
  • Another object of the present invention is to maintain a substantially uniform temperature profile in the end turn of a rotor winding.
  • Yet another object of the present invention is to eliminate the need for baffling, such as is required in ventilation schemes that discharge coolant gas through the centering ring or the pole face of a dynamoelectric machine.
  • a rotor for a dynamoelectric machine comprising: a body portion defining axial coil slots circumferentially spaced on the periphery of the rotor body on either side of a pole portion of the rotor body; and a rotor winding consisting of a plurality of turns, said turns being too narrow to accomodate two adjacently disposed gas passage in a same turn, said plurality of turns comprising : a first plurality of axially extending slot lying portions disposed in said coil slots; a first plurality of end turns extending beyond the rotor body, said first plurality of end turns including a first plurality of axial end turn portions formed by extensions of the first plurality of slot lying portions and a first plurality of end turn circumferential portions connecting said first plurality of axial end turn portions; a second plurality of axially extending slot lying portions disposed in said coil slots, respective ones of said second plurality of slot lying portions electrically
  • the first plurality of coolant gas inlets may be disposed proximate the centerline of the pole portion of the rotor and the second plurality of coolant gas inputs may be disposed proximate a corner at the juncture of the second plurality of end turn circumferential conductors and the plurality of axial end turn conductors.
  • the developed length from the first plurality of coolant gas inlets to the axial end of the rotor body is longer than the developed length from the second plurality of coolant gas inlets to the axial end of the rotor body.
  • insulation disposed between end turns may form a surface of the first and second plurality of gas flow channels.
  • Fig. 1 is an isometric view of an end region quadrant of a rotor winding of a dynamoelectric machine in accordance with the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is an isolated view of one turn of Fig 1.
  • Fig. 3 is an isolated view of another turn of Fig. 1.
  • FIG. 1 an isometric view of a quadrant of a end turn region of a dynamoelectric machine is shown.
  • the dynamoelectric machine comprises a central body portion 10 defining axial coil slots 18 circumferentially spaced on the periphery of rotor body 10 on either side of a pole portion 12 of rotor 10. It is to be understood that the end turn region is symmetrical about pole face center 15 and thus, in order to avoid undue repetition, only so much of the end turn region is shown as is necessary for one of ordinary skill in the art to appreciate the invention.
  • a rotor coil 11 comprises a plurality of alternately stacked conductors 20 and 30 having a layer of insulation 28 and 38 disposed over the radially outer surface thereof, respectively. Since each turn shown includes a single conductor, the terms “conductor” and “turn” may be used interchangeably. However, the present invention may be beneficially employed with multiple conductor turns.
  • a radially outermost, or top turn, 40 is disposed radially outward insulation 38 and a layer of insulation 14 is disposed radially outward top turn 40.
  • a radially innermost, or bottom turn, 42 having a layer of insulation 44 disposed on the radial outer surface thereof, is positioned radially inward from most radially inwardly disposed turn 20.
  • Turns 20, 30, 40 and 42 may be similarly fabricated except for the provisions for cooling thereof to be described herein.
  • a slot wedge (not shown) is disposed radially outward of insulation 14 for securing coil 11 within slot 18.
  • another coil 19 of the winding which may be fabricated analogously to coil 11.
  • Turn 20 includes an axially extending slot-lying portion 25 disposed in coil slot 18 and an end turn 29.
  • End turn 29 includes an end turn axial portion 23 formed by an extension of slot-lying portion 25 and an end turn circumferential portion 21 coupled to end turn axial portion 23.
  • turn 30 includes an axially extending slot-lying portion 35 disposed in coil slot 18 and an end turn 39.
  • End turn 39 includes an end turn axial portion 33 formed by an extension of slot-lying portion 35 and an end turn circumferential portion 31 coupled to end turn axial portion 33.
  • End turns 39 are alternately disposed with end turns 29 and adjacent ones of end turns 29 and 39 are disposed in mutual heat flow communication.
  • Turns 20, 30, 40 and 42 are appropriately electrically insulated (not shown) from rotor body 10 as is known in the art.
  • Conductor 20 includes a surface 26 for defining a longitudinal gas flow channel 24 therein.
  • Channel 24 is not entirely encircled by conductor 20 but is enclosed by overlying insulation 28 to form a duct for directing gas flow from inlet 22 of channel 24 to outlet 26 of channel 24.
  • Outlet 26 includes a radially directed hole through both conductor 20 and overlying insulation 28.
  • Inlet 22 of channel 24 is disposed in a lateral side of turn 20 and close to yet spaced from pole centerline 15 so that pole centerline 15 does not intersect input 22 or channel 24.
  • Conductor 30 includes a surface 36 for defining a longitudinal gas flow channel 34 therein.
  • Channel 34 is not completely surrounded by conductor 30 so that overlying insulation 38 in cooperation with channel 34 forms a gas carrying duct.
  • Channel 34 is substantially disposed in end turn axial portion 33 and extends axially inboard pole face 12 to outlet 36 of channel 34.
  • Outlet 36 includes a generally radially extending hole through both conductor 30 and overlying insulation 38, such that when conductor 20 (Fig. 2) and conductor 30 are appropriately disposed in coil slot 18 (Fig. 1), outlet 26 (Fig. 2) and outlet 36 are registered to form a generally radially extending chimney 16.
  • Chimney 16 directs gas flow entering inlet 32 of channel 34 and inlet 22 of channel 24 (Fig. 2) to ultimately exit into the gap between the stator (not shown) and rotor 10 of the dynamoelectric machine.
  • Coolant gas inlet 32 is disposed in a lateral side of conductor 30 and axially spaced between axial end 13 (Fig. 1) of rotor 10 and corner 37 of conductor 30.
  • Preferably coolant gas inlet 32 is spaced as close as possible to corner 37 of conductor 30 without compromising the mechanical and structural integrity of corner 37.
  • Conductors 20 and 30 are alternately stacked so that on alternate turns, say those including conductor 20, cold coolant gas enters duct 24 at inlet 22 thereof. For the turns including conductor 30, cold coolant gas enters passage 34 at inlet 32. For each quadrant of a coil, all passages 24 and 34 discharge into a respective common chimney 16 which is disposed inboard of axial end 13 of rotor body 10. Arrow 17 (Fig. 1) represents gas flow direction from chimney 16.
  • top turn 40 and bottom turn 42 do not include a coolant passage or duct.
  • a coolant passage may be provided in either or both of top turn 40 and bottom turn 42 if desired.
  • the order of stacking conductors 20 and 30 in the end turn region may be altered from that shown in Fig. 1, such as for example, disposing conductor 30 immediately radially outward bottom turn 42 and then alternately stacking conductors 20 and 30. It may also be observed from Fig. 1 that no baffling is required for directing flow of coolant gas within the end region and/or for urging coolant gas flow into channel 24 and 34 of the dynamoelectric machine.
  • coolant gas may be introduced into a second channel disposed in the axial end turn portion of the analogous conductor so that there are two side-by-side longitudinally extending gas flow channels disposed in the axial end turn portion of the analogous conductor.
  • the present invention is directed toward cooling end turns wherein the conductors are not of sufficient size to support two side-by-side coolant gas passageways in the same conductor, which passageways are of adequate size to provide required coolant gas flow through the conductor, while still maintaining structural integrity of the conductors necessary for proper operation of the dynamoelectric machine.
  • coolant gas enters channel 24 of conductor 20 at coolant gas inlet 22.
  • coolant gas flows along channel 24 in circumferential portion 21 of conductor 20, it removes heat from conductor 20 and also removes some heat from adjacent conductors 30 that are respectively disposed radially inward and radially outward conductor 20.
  • Removal of heat from circumferential portion 31 of conductors 30 by coolant gas flowing through channel 24 of conductor 20 requires that heat from conductor 30 flow through insulation 28 or 38. It has been found that adequate heat flow is obtained if insulation 28 and 38 are each respectively 0.254 to 0.508 mm (0.010 to 0.020 inches) thick and preferably about 0.381 mm (0.015 inches) thick.
  • Insulation 28 and 38 may respectively include a woven polyester glass material or other conventional electrical insulating material, as it has been determined that the heat transfer characteristics of such materials for the specified thicknesses and application do not significantly vary and provide adequate heat transfer for maintaining a desired temperature profile of circumferential portion 31 of conductors 30.
  • coolant gas which enters inlet 22 is relatively cold, the temperature of this gas rises as it picks up heat while flowing along channel 24, such that it may lose much of its cooling effectiveness by the time it arrives at turn corner 27.
  • a fresh supply of relatively cold coolant gas is directed into inlet 32 of channel 34 of conductors 30.
  • Coolant gas which flows in channel 34 of conductor 30 removes heat dissipated in conductor 30 and also removes through insulation 28 or 38 some of the heat dissipated in conductors 20 that are disposed immediately radially inward and immediately radially outward conductor 30.
  • Insulation 28 and 38 overlaying end turn axial portion 23 and 33, respectively, may be the same as insulation 28 and 38 overlaying end turn circumferential portions 21 and 31, respectively, as hereinbefore described.
  • the temperature of coolant gas flowing in the portion of channel 24 disposed in axial end turn portion 23 of conductor 20 is typically close to the temperature of the material which forms conductor 20 so that gas flow through this portion of channel 24 of conductor 20 removes very little additional heat from conductor 20 and/or conductors 30.
  • inlet 32 along conductor 30 as may be done by one of ordinary skill in the art using the teachings of the present specification without undue experimentation, a substantially uniform temperature profile may be obtained over the longitudinal expanse of end turns 29 and 39.
  • substantially uniform temperature profile is meant less than about 10°C and preferably less than about 5°C temperature variation along each conductor.
  • a cooling system for providing cooling of a rotor winding of a dynamoelectric machine wherein the turns are narrow such that they will not accommodate side by side passages and further wherein a substantially uniform temperature profile in the end turns of the rotor windings is obtained.
  • a system for cooling the rotor winding of a dynamoelectric machine which avoids use of pressure baffles, such as are required in ventilation schemes that discharge gas through the centering ring or the pole face of the rotor, or that have gas inlets and gas outlets disposed relatively close to each other, has been shown and described.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Windings For Motors And Generators (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Cooling System (AREA)
EP87108492A 1986-06-30 1987-06-12 Ventilated end turns for rotor windings of a dynamoelectric machine Expired - Lifetime EP0250980B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US06/880,465 US4709177A (en) 1986-06-30 1986-06-30 Ventilated end turns for rotor windings of a dynamoelectric machine
US880465 1986-06-30

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0250980A1 EP0250980A1 (en) 1988-01-07
EP0250980B1 true EP0250980B1 (en) 1992-07-15

Family

ID=25376338

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87108492A Expired - Lifetime EP0250980B1 (en) 1986-06-30 1987-06-12 Ventilated end turns for rotor windings of a dynamoelectric machine

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US4709177A (zh)
EP (1) EP0250980B1 (zh)
JP (1) JPS6315644A (zh)
KR (1) KR910008536B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN1008493B (zh)
DE (1) DE3780368T2 (zh)

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US5281877A (en) * 1992-11-13 1994-01-25 General Electric Company Dynamoelectric machine rotor endwindings with corner cooling passages
US5252880A (en) * 1992-11-24 1993-10-12 General Electric Company Dynamoelectric machine rotor endwindings with cooling passages
US5432391A (en) * 1994-03-21 1995-07-11 General Electric Company Conformable dynamoelectric machine field distance blocks and methods of installation
DE4428370C1 (de) * 1994-08-11 1995-11-02 Siemens Ag Anordnung mit einer Vielzahl von entlang einer Längsachse gestreckten und entlang einer Hochachse aufeinander gestapelten Leiterstäben
US6362545B1 (en) * 1994-11-04 2002-03-26 General Electric Company Dynamoelectric machines having rotor windings with turbulated cooling passages
US5644179A (en) * 1994-12-19 1997-07-01 General Electric Company Gas cooled end turns for dynamoelectric machine rotor
HUP9901284A3 (en) * 1996-04-17 1999-11-29 Siemens Ag Rotor winding for an electric machine
DE19617540A1 (de) * 1996-05-02 1997-11-13 Asea Brown Boveri Gasgekühlte elektrische Maschine
US5886434A (en) * 1997-03-20 1999-03-23 General Electric Co. Generator field turn copper
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US6339268B1 (en) 2000-02-02 2002-01-15 General Electric Company Cooling ventilation circuit for rotor end winding and slot end region cooling
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US6204580B1 (en) * 2000-02-09 2001-03-20 General Electric Co. Direct gas cooled rotor endwinding ventilation schemes for rotating machines with concentric coil rotors
US6417586B1 (en) 2000-12-19 2002-07-09 General Electric Company Gas cooled endwindings for dynamoelectric machine rotor and endwinding cool method
US6495943B2 (en) * 2000-12-19 2002-12-17 General Electric Company Spaceblock scoops for enhanced rotor cavity heat transfer
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US6392326B1 (en) 2000-12-22 2002-05-21 General Electric Company Flow-through spaceblocks with deflectors and method for increased electric generator endwinding cooling
US6617749B2 (en) * 2000-12-22 2003-09-09 General Electric Company Re-entrant spaceblock configuration for enhancing cavity flow in rotor endwinding of electric power generator
EP1283582B1 (de) * 2001-08-09 2005-01-19 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Anordnung innen gekühlter elektrischer Leiter, insbesondere für einen Generatorläufer
US6628020B1 (en) * 2002-05-21 2003-09-30 General Electric Company Heat transfer enhancement of ventilation grooves of rotor end windings in dynamoelectric machines
US6759770B1 (en) 2003-04-11 2004-07-06 General Electric Company Cooling system for modular field windings of a generator
US6844637B1 (en) 2003-08-13 2005-01-18 Curtiss-Wright Electro-Mechanical Corporation Rotor assembly end turn cooling system and method
US6870299B1 (en) 2003-12-19 2005-03-22 General Electric Company Thermal management of rotor endwinding coils
US7009317B2 (en) * 2004-01-14 2006-03-07 Caterpillar Inc. Cooling system for an electric motor
US6989621B2 (en) * 2004-03-23 2006-01-24 General Electric Company Module winding system for electrical machines and methods of electrical connection
US6952070B1 (en) 2004-04-29 2005-10-04 General Electric Company Capped flat end windings in an electrical machine
US6972507B1 (en) * 2004-05-21 2005-12-06 General Electric Company End winding restraint in an electrical machine
US6965185B1 (en) 2004-05-26 2005-11-15 General Electric Company Variable pitch manifold for rotor cooling in an electrical machine
US6977459B1 (en) * 2004-05-26 2005-12-20 General Electric Company Apparatus and methods for anchoring a modular winding to a rotor in an electrical machine
US7078845B2 (en) * 2004-05-26 2006-07-18 General Electric Company Optimized drive train for a turbine driven electrical machine
US20050274489A1 (en) * 2004-06-10 2005-12-15 Brand Joseph H Heat exchange device and method
US6977460B1 (en) 2004-08-26 2005-12-20 General Electric Company Spacer for axial spacing enclosure rings and shields in an electrical machine
JP4797559B2 (ja) * 2005-10-18 2011-10-19 株式会社日立製作所 回転電機の回転子
JP5239449B2 (ja) * 2008-03-28 2013-07-17 富士電機株式会社 回転電機の円筒形回転子
US20090295239A1 (en) * 2008-06-03 2009-12-03 General Electric Company Heat transfer enhancement of ventilation chimneys for dynamoelectric machine rotors
US7816825B2 (en) * 2008-07-23 2010-10-19 General Electric Company Heat transfer enhancement of ventilation chimneys for dynamoelectric machine rotors
US7791230B2 (en) * 2008-10-21 2010-09-07 General Electric Company Heat transfer enhancement of dynamoelectric machine rotors
US8049379B2 (en) * 2009-04-23 2011-11-01 General Electric Company Dynamoelectric machine rotors having enhanced heat transfer and method therefor
DE102013204047B4 (de) 2013-03-08 2018-08-30 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Elektrische Einrichtung mit einer Spule
KR101757051B1 (ko) * 2015-08-24 2017-07-11 두산중공업 주식회사 개선된 냉각 유로를 갖는 로터 어셈블리
KR101953995B1 (ko) * 2017-10-13 2019-03-04 두산중공업 주식회사 회전자의 냉각구조와 이를 포함하는 회전자 및 발전기
DE102018115654A1 (de) * 2018-06-28 2020-01-02 Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG Aktiv gekühlte Spule
KR20240010726A (ko) 2021-05-31 2024-01-24 제이에프이 스틸 가부시키가이샤 방향성 전자 강판의 제조 방법
EP4106152A1 (en) 2021-06-17 2022-12-21 General Electric Company Magnetic mass for a rotor, associated rotor and rotating electric machine
CN114257009B (zh) * 2021-09-24 2023-05-02 中国科学院电工研究所 具有内部冷却结构的磁极线圈、转子和凸极电机
JP7338812B1 (ja) 2022-02-15 2023-09-05 Jfeスチール株式会社 方向性電磁鋼板の製造方法

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH0556102B2 (zh) 1993-08-18
CN87102593A (zh) 1988-01-13
EP0250980A1 (en) 1988-01-07
CN1008493B (zh) 1990-06-20
US4709177A (en) 1987-11-24
JPS6315644A (ja) 1988-01-22
KR910008536B1 (ko) 1991-10-18
KR880001086A (ko) 1988-03-31
DE3780368D1 (de) 1992-08-20
DE3780368T2 (de) 1993-02-18

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