Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
  • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
  • F04B35/00—Piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by the driving means to their working members, or by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors, not otherwise provided for
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
  • F01B—MACHINES OR ENGINES, IN GENERAL OR OF POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT TYPE, e.g. STEAM ENGINES
  • F01B23/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
  • F01B23/08—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, pumps
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
  • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
  • F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
  • F01K25/08—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
  • F25B27/00—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a device for improving energy generators with multiple functions driven by the combined application of heat sources of different temperatures acting on a sealed and motive condensing capacity.
• thermodynamic cycle generate mechanical energy recoverable on a motor axis, but do not exploit the heat contained in the thermal circuit after the expansion of the volatile motor fluid, which must be removed • j r through suitable condensers for this purpose, not having multi-compressor and mechanical assemblies.
• the object of the present invention is to at least partially remedy the drawbacks mentioned above and to provide a multifunctional device of modular type which exploits and combines for all purposes the said thermal and mechanical energies generated from a motor group.
• thermal compressor and its constituent elements integrally contained in a closed enclosure and tightly connected to at least one fluidic multi-stage heat transfer loop forming a heat pump with successive stages partially contained in said closed enclosure forming a sealed capacity assembly and modular condensing motor for all purposes, containing at least one motor-compressor group forming at least: *
• A a compression assembly with at least three offset compressors 35 of which (a) the inlet is connected to at least one multi-stage steam source, one of the elements being at least partially contained in the engine thermal circuit and of which (b ) the exhaust is connected to at least one multi-stage condensation capacity, forming in combination with the evaporation capacity, a heat transfer device with reverse cycle heat pump (B) an engine assembly with at least three engine pistons for driving said compression assembly.
• the engine assembly and the compression assembly each comprise three cylinders with sliding pistons, the engine pistons mounted in parallel forming a reference plane, being arranged orthogonally to the compression plane actuated by au .
• a judiciously profiled cam mounted on an axis forming a crankshaft animated by the engine pistons acting in combination and in conjunction with a flywheel constituting a means of circulation of the working fluid in the sealed enclosure, - of acceleration 1'êtement of this Luide through a conduit provided for this purpose • connected to the axis of rotation of said flywheel:
• the engine block assembly with at least three cylinders
• the plane of the said three reinjection cylinders is parallel to the plane of the said three compressor cylinders and orthogonal to the axis of the said crankshaft and to the plane containing the said three engine pistons,
• a distribution device with rotary elements consists of an intake slide designed to supply 0 successively the three following engine pistons. a very precise chronology, and an exhaust drawer designed to allow the evacuation of the expanded fluid in the said engine cylinders, also following a well specified chronology.
• the said drawers are set in motion by the crankshaft; ⁇
• these drawers are driven by a chain connected to one axis of said crankshaft which acts on one of the drawers, which drives another drawer, such an embodiment allowing access to the "setting" of the distribution.
• the said intake and exhaust drawers are in intimate contact at the intake and exhaust ports, with capsules of suitable shape, perforated in their center to allow free passage of the working fluid, which exerts on the walls of said opposite capsules the walls into intimate contact with the so-called 'drawer, a thrust which is added to an elastic means ensuring the permanence of said intimate contacting.
• the thermal motor-compressor device forming the motor and waterproof condensing capacity described according to the invention comprises, on request, various partially deformable waterproof capacities for recovering the various vapor leaks and their reinjection on demand. through various sealed conduits, by reinjection pistons positioned in a plane orthogonal to the axis of the crankshaft and driven by a cam integral with said crankshaft axis.
• each vapor leakage recovery capacity forms a sealed enclosure and of condensation of these vapor leaks and of balancing of the pressures between the pressure contained in said enclosure which is that of the vapors at least partially. condensed and the pressure of the external medium in intimate contact with said enclosure.
• said sealed vapor leakage recovery capacities are preferably carried out to recover the steam leaks at the level of the compressor pistons and the passage through the crankcase of the motor capacity and leaktight condensing by the crankshaft,
• the side walls of said capacity for recovering steam leaks from inside the motor capacity and leaktight condensation consist of rotating sealing rings of the type that one usually found commercially mounted without play on said crankshaft and spaced apart by a suitable distance allowing rotation under the best conditions of said crankshaft .
• the pressure of the working fluid expanded in the expansion chambers being very slightly higher than the pressure of the condensed fluid, thrust springs or other equivalent elastic devices are generally necessary to ensure evacuation ⁇ tion of the working fluid.
• the device according to the present inven ⁇ tion by the judicious combination of three cylinders and pisotns engines makes it unnecessary to use such devices as it ensures the evacuation of the working fluid by the ef and rotation of the flywheel which is combined with them.
• the distribution of the working fluid in said expansion chambers requires compression springs with elements or recall and other elements of binding to the mechanical servo piston, which reduces the performance of a not negligible.
• the device according to the invention overcomes this drawback thanks to the arrangement and judicious use of the respective position of the engine pistons, cylinders and drawers combined with the advantageous exploitation of the pressure of the condensed fluid contained in waterproof capacity.
• the device according to the present invention also eliminates this drawback thanks to the rational use of a cam acting simultaneously on the three compressing pistons, the profile of this cam being defined and chosen as a function of the fluid to be compressed. , the expansion of the fluid existing in the expansion chambers so that the speed of displacement of said compressor pistons being inversely proportional to the pressure exerted by the compressed fluid on these pistons, allows
• cams can be associated and arranged in such a way that each can act simultaneously on three pistons in the cases of -operations- ⁇ admirof applications justifying several stages of compression.
• * 5 will be cited, for example, the case of freezing or demineralization of sea water by freezing.
• the device according to the invention overcomes this drawback by causing one simultaneous drive of three pistons by a
• the device according to the invention also obviates this inconvenience.
• the device according to the invention is designed so that the three intended reinjection pistons are entered simultaneously by the action of a judiciously profiled cam mounted on the axis of the crankshaft which was discussed above.
• the rise in temperature of the reinjected fluid requires a calorific contribution "Q" supplied by the hot source.
• the device according to the present invention is designed in such a way that the condensed fluid is sucked in and then discharged by the reinjection pistons to the starting boiler after possibly having ; beforehand, recovered at least partially, the heat produced at the compressor cylinders by the compression of the heat pump cycle fluid then, necessarily at least partially that evacuated at the exhaust from the chambers of expansion of the engine pistons.
• the quantity "Q" is thus significantly reduced, which further improves the overall yield and reduces the cost of the hot source, in particular in the case where it is constituted by solar panels.
• the multi-stage compression unit transferred on demand, the heat of the fluid from the interior of the sealed and motive capacitance of condensation towards the external environment or vice versa, by inversion of the thermal cycle ( from the external environment towards the interior of said capacity or any other combination of cycles.
• the cam-compressor assembly forming a compression assembly is exchangeable, which makes it possible inter alia to meet all needs, to use any type of product to be compressed, as well as to ensure in combination with a equivalent compression assembly mounted externally on the axis or any other receiver performing multiple and combined functions "
• the motor and waterproof condensing capacity contains at least one evaporator forming an element of the multi-stage waterproof thermal transfer capacity associated in leaktight manner at least partially with a compression assembly according to the invention which evacuates at least partially the heat of the expanded working fluid, by successive compression and successive temperature rises through the multi-stage heat transfer capacity designed and profiled on demand and according to needs;
• Figure 1 shows a front view in partial section of the entire device forming a closed enclosure and sealed and motive condensing capacity with multistage fluid transfer heat loop, and. a compression assembly mounted by way of nonlimiting example on the rotating force shaft.
• FIG. 2 shows a partial sectional view of a variant of the closed enclosure device with constituent elements contained respectively in their sealed capacities, on a different scale.
• FIG. 3 shows on a different scale a top view in partial section of Figure 2.
• FIG. 4 shows a partial side section on another scale showing more particularly the compression assembly and the relative position of the pistons compressors and reinjection with respect to the engine pistons.
• the device comprises a closed enclosure of modular type 1 forming a sealed and driving capacity with condensing volume 2, connected in leaktight manner by conduits to at least one multi-stage thermal transfer fluid loop - 3 forman _ reversible cycle heat pump with successive * stages ⁇ , partially contained by at least one of its constituent elements in at least one of the capacities forming said closed enclosure 1, and forming at least partial separation with the volume of condensation 2, whose thermal effects of the external environment acting on it by means of the volatile working fluid which it contains, a thrust of opposition forming back pressure on the constituent elements of the thermal motor-compressor group contained in a sealed manner in at least one capacity of the enclosure comprising in: combination :
• a distribution device 7 with rotary elements comprising a single intake duct 7A for the three engine pistons
• This pipe 8A constitutes a heat recovery device in the sense that it absorbs and optionally stores in the material or fluid 8B the heat evacuated at the cylinder exhaust through 8A and returns it to the condensed working fluid circulating against the current in the conduits 8E which pass through 8B before reinjection into the starting boiler, and after aspira ⁇ tion by the reinjection pistons 6, which raises the temperature of said condensed fluid with a tendency to reach temperature and. therefore the pressure of the working fluid contained in the starting boiler.
• a device for setting in motion, conduits, 7A, 8, constitutes of a part chain 9A connected from one to a roller 9B for regulating the speed of rotation of said conduits, secured to the shaft 11, on the other hand to at least one of said conduits, which drives the other by the kinematics
• This shaft 11 actuated by the engine pistons comprises:
• the axes of displacement of the reinjection pistons and of the compression pistons being in parallel planes are arranged with a judicious offset .uns with respect to each other so that for each cycle, the reinjection takes place in the phases of least compression work and maximum displacement speed of the pistons. If the type of compression to be achieved, for example high compression rates, is provided at least one cam per compression assembly.
• the shaft 11 comprises at least two sealing rings of the rotating type 15, 16, forming watertight side walls with a capacity for recovering leaks 17, they are mounted without play on the shaft 11 and in the wall 1A - or any other positive device tightly connected to said wall 1A - allowing the free rotation of said shaft 11.
• Said rings 15, 16, are positioned in planes orthogonal to the axis of the shaft 11, and separated by a suitable distance, in order to receive leaktight the leaks in question.
• the capacity 17 is connected by at least one sealed conduit 18, to a capacity 19 deformable by pressure balancing.
• the fluid leaks having passed through the ring 15 forming an oaroi. sealing condense and are reinjected on demand by the piston 6D (for example) through the conduits 29 and 30 in the engine thermal cir ⁇ cuit.
• the deformable capacity .19 located exté ⁇ laughing at the closed enclosure 1,2 forming a device for balancing the pressures with the external environment preventing any further leakage of fluid through the sealing ring 16 forming a tight side wall.
• the thermal transfer fluid loops contain a volatile refrigerant fluid in circulation under the action of the compression pistons 5A, 5B, 5C, each being at a precise compression phase don ⁇ born by the profile of the cam 12, forming a multi-stage heat transfer heat pump between the evaporator 20 and the condenser contained in the thermal evacuation stage 3C, successively through the fluid loops C1 .
• each of the pistons 5A, 5B, 5C providing work equivalent to the lowest possible compression ratio in order to optimize the coefficient of performance, respectively connected to the corresponding fluidic loops, preferably made up of at least minus an evaporator, a condenser, a holder (possibly a oil separator) and sealed conduits for connecting these constituent elements to each other partially contained in the capacities
• the closed enclosure 1. contains the evaporator 20, a constituent element of the multi-stage heat transfer capacity 3 > which can function as a condenser by reversal of the thermal cycle using a four-way valve (not shown in the drawings), as in the case of known heat pump devices, it being specified that this evaporator
• a sealed envelope 21 comprising a material or other product 22, intended to absorb the calories of the fluid which passes through it through conduits 21A, and possibly another means of communication E ⁇ , forming inertia and storage capacity, as well as a heat removal regulator linked to the temperature of evaporation of the fluid circulating in said evaporator 20, or of liquefaction in the. condenser 20A con ⁇ held in the capacity 3A with identical material or fluid 22A.
• the capacities 3A, 3B, 3C with material 22A integrating on demand and depending on the applications, the physical phenomena linked to said er.oaporation or condensation temperatures of liquefaction of the fluids circulating in the respective fluid loops.
• the sealed enclosure 1.2 is made up of various capacities forming sealed volumes, GHJ'K, containing ' au at least partially an element constituting the thermal oto-compressor group, said volumes being separated on demand by the watertight partitions El, E3, each comprising at least one device for recovering and reinjecting leaks E2, E4 of the type described above ( 15,16,17, 18, 19) crossed on demand by one of said constituent elements such as the mote axis H •
• each compressor piston will include a leakage recovery device directly Q inspired by the leakage recovery device 15 5 16, 17, 18,
• the 5 compressor pistons are provided with various elastic means per ⁇ putting permanent contact with the different cams, judiciously combined with the functional exploitation of the pressures of the fluids contained in the thermal circuits. and fluid loops and acting on said compressor pistons in order to; . , - provide in combination with the profiled cams an operation of the constant torque device.
• said pistons comprise, according to an advantageous embodiment, a sealed and deformable capsule 24 under the effect of a volatile fluid contained in tightly in said capsule 24, the pressure of which varies as a function of the thermal environment surrounding said piston so that it exerts a thrust on the walls of said capsule acting by deformation on the segments 25 as ⁇ ensuring self-regulation friction and wear compensation, the conduits 7A and 8 being provided with 25 A capsules whose contact surface is adapted to avoid excessive friction and mounted in the upper parts of the engine cylinders as shown in the figures 1-2- 3-4 ;
• Such a closed enclosure 1,2 forming motor capacity and condensation extended by a multi-stage heat transfer capacity constitutes an absolutely sealed and modular assembly which can operate according to the needs of mono-fluid, bi-fluid ... lo by l 'exploitation of any known heat source and providing an advantageous combination of thermal and mechanical effects available for all purposes. respectively, from capacity 3 and from force shaft 11A.
• the combination of several devices according to one invention providing an on-demand all the ⁇ optimal exploitation of thermal energy by cascading effect, each device operated by operating at least partially heat the fluid contained in the device who is before.
• this type of digester with thermodynamic cycle integrates. with multiple functions can equip a vehicle and function by exploiting the heat of the vehicle engine which, by its usual cooling circuit, will thermally supply the 2 ⁇ Aj accumulation material.
• a battery of absorbers of the solar energy, fused and structured in harmony with the said vehicle will combine the recovered solar heat with that contained in the storage capacity 26.
• this cold room can adapt to a vehicle and be connected to its heat dissipation circuit from the engine, forming a mobile unit
• the device according to the invention 20 may prefer either the thermal evacuation capacity assembly 3, or the mechanical force exploitable from the shaft 11A.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Thermal Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Compressors, Vaccum Pumps And Other Relevant Systems (AREA)

Priority Applications (1)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (2)

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ID=9324008

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (4)

Cited By (1)

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Family Cites Families (11)

• 1985
  • 1985-10-16 FR FR8515545A patent/FR2588645B1/fr not_active Expired
• 1986
  • 1986-10-16 EP EP19860905867 patent/EP0244435B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1986-10-16 DE DE8686905867T patent/DE3671065D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1986-10-16 WO PCT/FR1986/000355 patent/WO1987002413A1/fr active IP Right Grant

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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