EP0226037B1 - X-ray diagnostic apparatus - Google Patents

X-ray diagnostic apparatus Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0226037B1
EP0226037B1 EP86115629A EP86115629A EP0226037B1 EP 0226037 B1 EP0226037 B1 EP 0226037B1 EP 86115629 A EP86115629 A EP 86115629A EP 86115629 A EP86115629 A EP 86115629A EP 0226037 B1 EP0226037 B1 EP 0226037B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
voltage
ray tube
switch
ray diagnostic
ray
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP86115629A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0226037A1 (en
Inventor
Heinz-Erik Dipl.-Ing. Kranberg
Horst Dipl.-Ing.(Fh) Hallmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP0226037A1 publication Critical patent/EP0226037A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0226037B1 publication Critical patent/EP0226037B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05GX-RAY TECHNIQUE
    • H05G1/00X-ray apparatus involving X-ray tubes; Circuits therefor
    • H05G1/08Electrical details
    • H05G1/56Switching-on; Switching-off

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an X-ray diagnostic device with an X-ray tube, a high-voltage generator and a switching device for switching the X-ray tube on and off.
  • the invention has for its object to provide an X-ray diagnostic device of the type mentioned in such a way that the time constant after which the X-ray tube voltage decays after the high voltage has been switched off is reduced compared to the prior art.
  • This object is achieved in that there is a resistor parallel to the X-ray tube, to which a switch is assigned, which is controlled by the switching device in such a way that it connects the resistor to the X-ray tube when it is switched off.
  • the high-voltage-resistant resistor is switched parallel to the X-ray tube at the moment of switching off. Accordingly, an additional power loss is not generated unnecessarily. Only the energy stored in the capacitors of the high-voltage circuit is converted in this resistor.
  • the X-ray tube 1 shows an X-ray tube 1, which is fed from the network at terminals 13 via a high-voltage generator 2.
  • the high-voltage generator 2 contains a high-voltage transformer 3, a high-voltage rectifier 4 and a smoothing capacitor 5.
  • the X-ray tube 1 is switched on and off by a switch 6 in the primary circuit of the high-voltage transformer 3 with the aid of a control device 7.
  • the control device 7 also controls a switch 8 which is connected in series with an ohmic, high-voltage-resistant resistor 9.
  • the series connection of the components 8, 9 is connected in parallel to the X-ray tube 1.
  • the resistor 9 with the switch 8 can be housed as a retrofittable assembly in a unit in an oil-filled boiler.
  • a unit of this type is referred to below as a pulse addition.
  • a realization of such a pulse addition 10 between the X-ray tube 1 and the high-voltage generator 2 is shown in FIG.
  • the pulse additive 10 contains, as a variable load resistance and at the same time as a switch, a high-voltage triode 11, a control circuit 12 for the grid of the high-voltage triode 11, a heating transformer 13 for heating the cathode and setting the resistance of the high-voltage triode 11 via the heating current-dependent anode current and a voltage divider chain 14 for generating the negative grid voltage for the high voltage triode 11.
  • the pulse addition 10 Via an oil switch 15, the pulse addition 10 z. B. in fluoroscopy and cinema operation.
  • the X-ray tube voltage is present on the anode-cathode section of the high-voltage triode 11 and a negative reverse voltage of approximately 3 kV is present on the grid through the voltage divider chain 14.
  • the high-voltage triode 11 is thus blocked.
  • the grid voltage is reduced to almost zero volts via the control device 7 by the transistor 16 and the resistor 17, the high-voltage triode 11 is turned on and discharges the capacitances in the high-voltage circuit with low resistance.
  • the X-ray tube voltage thus drops to values below 20 kV in about 0.5 ms.
  • the control of the transistor 16 must be carried out via a potential separation, but since work is only carried out in the switch mode, the effort remains low (pulse transformer, optocoupler).

Landscapes

  • X-Ray Techniques (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Röntgendiagnostikeinrichtung mit einer Röntgenröhre, einem Hochspannungserzeuger und einer Schaltvorrichtung zum Ein- und Ausschalten der Röntgenröhre.The invention relates to an X-ray diagnostic device with an X-ray tube, a high-voltage generator and a switching device for switching the X-ray tube on and off.

In der Röntgendiagnostik wird bei bestimmten Betriebsarten, z.B. beim Durchleuchtungsbetrieb und auch beim Kinopulsbetrieb, mit kleiner Röntgenröhrenleistung gearbeitet, d. h. je nach Röntgenröhrenspannung mit Röntgenröhrenströmen von nur einigen mA. Aufgrund der Kapazitäten im Hochspannungskreis (Hochspannungskabel und Glättungskondensatoren im Hochspannungstransformator) klingt beim Abschalten der Hochspannung die Röntgenröhrenspannung nach einer e-Funktion ab, wobei die Zeitkonstante von der Größe der Kapazität und dem Innenwiderstand der Röntgenröhre, d. h. dem eingestellten Röntgenröhrenstrom, abhängt. Bei kleinen Röntgenröhrenströmen ergibt sich somit eine zusätzliche Strahlenbelastung des Patienten durch einen großen Anteil an niederenergetischer Strahlung während der Abklingzeit der Röntgenröhrenspannung.In X-ray diagnostics, certain operating modes, e.g. in fluoroscopy mode and also in cinema pulse mode, worked with small X-ray tube power, d. H. depending on the x-ray tube voltage with x-ray tube currents of only a few mA. Due to the capacitances in the high-voltage circuit (high-voltage cable and smoothing capacitors in the high-voltage transformer), when the high voltage is switched off, the x-ray tube voltage decays according to an e-function, the time constant depending on the size of the capacitance and the internal resistance of the x-ray tube, i. H. the set x-ray tube current. In the case of small x-ray tube currents, there is therefore an additional radiation exposure of the patient due to a large proportion of low-energy radiation during the decay time of the x-ray tube voltage.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Röntgendiagnostikeinrichtung der eingangs genannten Art so auszubilden, daß die Zeitkonstante, nach der die Röntgenröhrenspannung nach dem Abschalten der Hochspannung abklingt, gegenüber dem Stand der Technik verkleinert ist.The invention has for its object to provide an X-ray diagnostic device of the type mentioned in such a way that the time constant after which the X-ray tube voltage decays after the high voltage has been switched off is reduced compared to the prior art.

Diese Aufgabe ist erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß parallel zur Röntgenröhre ein Widerstand liegt, dem ein Schalter zugeordnet ist, der von der Schaltvorrichtung derart gesteuert wird, daß er den Widerstand bei abgeschalteter Röntgenröhre an diese anschaltet. Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Röntgendiagnostikeinrichtung wird der hochspannungsfeste Widerstand im Abschaltmoment parallel zur Röntgenröhre geschaltet. Es wird demgemäß nicht unnötig eine zusätzliche Verlustleistung erzeugt. In diesem Widerstand wird nur die in den Kapazitäten des Hochspannungskreises gespeicherte Energie umgesetzt.This object is achieved in that there is a resistor parallel to the X-ray tube, to which a switch is assigned, which is controlled by the switching device in such a way that it connects the resistor to the X-ray tube when it is switched off. In the X-ray diagnostic device according to the invention, the high-voltage-resistant resistor is switched parallel to the X-ray tube at the moment of switching off. Accordingly, an additional power loss is not generated unnecessarily. Only the energy stored in the capacitors of the high-voltage circuit is converted in this resistor.

Weitere Anwendungsfälle neben Durchleuchtungs- und Kinopulsbetrieb ist die Aufnahmetechnik der Hartstrahl-Lungenaufnahmen mit bis zu 150 kV-Röntgenröhrenspannung mit sehr kurzen Schaltzeiten, wodurch die Ladung in den Kabelkapazitäten ohne den erfindungsgemäßen Widerstand bei längeren Hochspannungskabeln im belichtungsautomatisierten Betrieb Belichtungsschwankungen hervorrufen kann und der computergesteuerte Bildaufbau aus einem Scan über das Aufnahmefeld mit einer schnellen Folge sehr kurzer Einzelaufnahmen mit möglichst rechteckigen Röntgenröhrenspannungspulsen.Other applications besides fluoroscopy and cinema pulse operation are the recording technology of the hard-beam lung recordings with up to 150 kV x-ray tube voltage with very short switching times, which means that the charge in the cable capacities without the resistance according to the invention can cause exposure fluctuations in the case of longer high-voltage cables in exposure-automated operation and the computer-controlled image structure a scan over the image field with a quick sequence of very short individual images with rectangular X-ray tube voltage pulses.

Die Erfindung ist nachfolgend anhand der Zeichnung näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 eine Röntgendiagnostikeinrichtung nach der Erfindung, und
  • Fig. 2 Details der Röntgendiagnostikeinrichtung gemäß Figur 1.
The invention is explained below with reference to the drawing. Show it:
  • Fig. 1 shows an X-ray diagnostic device according to the invention, and
  • 2 details of the X-ray diagnostic device according to FIG. 1.

In der Figur 1 ist eine Röntgenröhre 1 dargestellt, die über einen Hochspannungserzeuger 2 vom Netz an den Klemmen 13 gespeist wird. Der Hochspannungserzeuger 2 enthält einen Hochspannungstransformator 3, einen Hochspannungs gleichrichter 4 und einen Glättungskondensator 5. Die Ein-und Ausschaltung der Röntgenröhre 1 erfolgt durch einen im Primärkreis des Hochspannungstransformators 3 liegenden Schalter 6 mit Hilfe einer Steuervorrichtung 7.1 shows an X-ray tube 1, which is fed from the network at terminals 13 via a high-voltage generator 2. The high-voltage generator 2 contains a high-voltage transformer 3, a high-voltage rectifier 4 and a smoothing capacitor 5. The X-ray tube 1 is switched on and off by a switch 6 in the primary circuit of the high-voltage transformer 3 with the aid of a control device 7.

Die Steuervorrichtung 7 steuert auch einen Schalter 8, der in Reihe mit einem ohm'schen, hochspannungsfesten Widerstand 9 liegt. Die Reihenschaltung aus den Komponenten 8, 9 ist parallel zur Röntgenröhre 1 geschaltet.The control device 7 also controls a switch 8 which is connected in series with an ohmic, high-voltage-resistant resistor 9. The series connection of the components 8, 9 is connected in parallel to the X-ray tube 1.

Beim Unterbrechen der Hochspannung durch Öffnung des Schalters 6 wird der Schalter 8 in der dargestellten Weise geschlossen, so daß sich die Kapazitäten im Hochspannungskreis über den Widerstand 9 schnell entladen können. Die Spannung an der Röntgenröhre 1 fällt daher relativ schnell ab.When the high voltage is interrupted by opening the switch 6, the switch 8 is closed in the manner shown, so that the capacitors in the high-voltage circuit can quickly discharge via the resistor 9. The voltage across the X-ray tube 1 therefore drops relatively quickly.

Der Widerstand 9 mit dem Schalter 8 kann als nachrüstbare Baugruppe zu einer Einheit zusammengefaßt in einem ölgefüllten Kessel untergebracht werden. Eine Einheit dieser Art wird nachfolgend als Pulszusatz bezeichnet. In der Figur 2 ist eine Realisierung eines solchen Pulszusatzes 10 zwischen Röntgenröhre 1 und Hochspannungserzeuger 2 dargestellt. Der Pulszusatz 10 beinhaltet als veränderlichen Lastwiderstand und gleichzeitig als Schalter eine Hochspannungstriode 11, eine Ansteuerschaltung 12 für das Gitter der Hochspannungstriode 11, einen Heiztransformator 13 zur Beheizung der Kathode und Einstellung des Widerstandes der Hochspannungstriode 11 über den heizstromabhängigen Anodenstrom und eine Spannungsteilerkette 14 zur Erzeugung der negativen Gittersperrspannung für die Hochspannungstriode 11. Über einen Ölschalter 15 kann der Pulszusatz 10 z. B. beim Durchleuchtungs- und Kinobetrieb zugeschaltet werden.The resistor 9 with the switch 8 can be housed as a retrofittable assembly in a unit in an oil-filled boiler. A unit of this type is referred to below as a pulse addition. A realization of such a pulse addition 10 between the X-ray tube 1 and the high-voltage generator 2 is shown in FIG. The pulse additive 10 contains, as a variable load resistance and at the same time as a switch, a high-voltage triode 11, a control circuit 12 for the grid of the high-voltage triode 11, a heating transformer 13 for heating the cathode and setting the resistance of the high-voltage triode 11 via the heating current-dependent anode current and a voltage divider chain 14 for generating the negative grid voltage for the high voltage triode 11. Via an oil switch 15, the pulse addition 10 z. B. in fluoroscopy and cinema operation.

Nach Zuschaltung des Pulszusatzes 10 und Einschalten der Hochspannung liegt an der Anoden-Kathoden-Strecke der Hochspannungstriode 11 die Röntgenröhrenspannung und an dem Gitter durch die Spannungsteilerkette 14 eine negative Sperrspannung von etwa 3 kV. Damit ist die Hochspannungstriode 11 gesperrt. Mit Pulsende wird über die Steuervorrichtung 7 durch den Transistor 16 und den Widerstand 17 die Gitterspannung auf fast null Volt reduziert, die Hochspannungstriode 11 wird aufgesteuert und entlädt niederohmig die Kapazitäten im Hochspannungskreis. Damit sinkt die Röntgenröhrenspannung in etwa 0,5 ms auf Werte unter 20 kV ab.After switching on the pulse addition 10 and switching on the high voltage, the X-ray tube voltage is present on the anode-cathode section of the high-voltage triode 11 and a negative reverse voltage of approximately 3 kV is present on the grid through the voltage divider chain 14. The high-voltage triode 11 is thus blocked. At the end of the pulse, the grid voltage is reduced to almost zero volts via the control device 7 by the transistor 16 and the resistor 17, the high-voltage triode 11 is turned on and discharges the capacitances in the high-voltage circuit with low resistance. The X-ray tube voltage thus drops to values below 20 kV in about 0.5 ms.

Die Energie, die dabei in der Hochspannungstriode 11 umgesetzt wird, beträgt bei 125 kV-Röntgenröhrenspannung und bei einer gesamten Kapazität von C = 2,5 . 10-9 F im Hochspannungskreis nur 0,5 . C . US = 40 WS.The energy that is converted in the high-voltage triode 11 is 125 kV x-ray tube voltage and a total capacitance of C = 2.5. 10-9 F in the high-voltage circuit only 0.5. C. US = 40 WS.

Die Ansteuerung des Transistors 16 muß über eine Potentialtrennung erfolgen, da jedoch nur im Schalterbetrieb gearbeitet wird, bleibt der Aufwand gering (Impulstrafo, Optokoppler).The control of the transistor 16 must be carried out via a potential separation, but since work is only carried out in the switch mode, the effort remains low (pulse transformer, optocoupler).

Claims (2)

1. Radiodiagnostic apparatus having an X-ray tube (1), a high-voltage generator (2) and a switching arrangement (6, 7) for switching on and off the X-ray tube (1), characterised in that lying in parallel to the X-ray tube (1) is a resistance (9, 11), with which there is associated a switch (8, 16) controlled by the switching arrangement (6, 7) such that it connects the resistance (9, 11) to the X-ray tube (1) when the latter is switched off.
2. Radiodiagnostic apparatus according to claim 1, characterised in that the resistance (11) can be controlled.
EP86115629A 1985-11-25 1986-11-11 X-ray diagnostic apparatus Expired EP0226037B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19853541612 DE3541612A1 (en) 1985-11-25 1985-11-25 X-RAY DIAGNOSTIC DEVICE
DE3541612 1985-11-25

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0226037A1 EP0226037A1 (en) 1987-06-24
EP0226037B1 true EP0226037B1 (en) 1989-10-25

Family

ID=6286759

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86115629A Expired EP0226037B1 (en) 1985-11-25 1986-11-11 X-ray diagnostic apparatus

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US4731803A (en)
EP (1) EP0226037B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS6292600U (en)
DE (2) DE3541612A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5966425A (en) * 1989-12-07 1999-10-12 Electromed International Apparatus and method for automatic X-ray control
US5241260A (en) * 1989-12-07 1993-08-31 Electromed International High voltage power supply and regulator circuit for an X-ray tube with transient voltage protection
US5388139A (en) * 1989-12-07 1995-02-07 Electromed International High-voltage power supply and regulator circuit for an X-ray tube with closed-loop feedback for controlling X-ray exposure
US5056125A (en) * 1989-12-07 1991-10-08 Robert Beland Discharge module for X-ray cable
CN111726924A (en) * 2020-07-27 2020-09-29 辽宁道特凯力科技有限公司 Control system and control method of medical X-ray high-voltage generator

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1037032B (en) * 1956-07-13 1958-08-21 Siemens Reiniger Werke Ag Device for low-delay shutdown of the imaging radiation of an X-ray tube
DE1119417B (en) * 1960-08-17 1961-12-14 Siemens Reiniger Werke Ag Circuit arrangement for extinguishing gas or vapor discharge paths connected in direct current circuits, in particular for short-term switching of X-ray tubes
DE1156899B (en) * 1960-09-17 1963-11-07 Koch & Sterzel Kommanditgesell Device for low-delay shutdown of the imaging radiation of an X-ray tube
DE2608243A1 (en) * 1976-02-28 1977-09-01 Koch & Sterzel Kg X:ray appts. synchronised with AC mains - has variable attenuator and performs one exposure per cycle of mains supply
DE2719373C2 (en) * 1977-04-30 1982-10-21 Philips Patentverwaltung Gmbh, 2000 Hamburg Circuit arrangement of an X-ray generator with an electronic switch controlled by a timing control element in the primary circuit of a high-voltage transformer
DE2757505A1 (en) * 1977-12-22 1979-07-05 Siemens Ag X-RAY DIAGNOSTIC GENERATOR IN WHICH THE X-RAY PIPE VOLTAGE IS REGULATED BY THE X-RAY PIPE CURRENT
JPS5721117A (en) * 1980-07-15 1982-02-03 Casio Comput Co Ltd Digital filter device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3666651D1 (en) 1989-11-30
EP0226037A1 (en) 1987-06-24
JPS6292600U (en) 1987-06-13
DE3541612A1 (en) 1987-05-27
US4731803A (en) 1988-03-15

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
DE2228194C2 (en) Voltage regulating circuit
DE2221225A1 (en) High-speed circuit for operating a capacitive load
DE19513441C5 (en) Circuit arrangement for generating a test voltage for testing electrical equipment
EP0226037B1 (en) X-ray diagnostic apparatus
DE3142305A1 (en) "VOLTAGE CONSTANT AND COMPENSATION METHOD"
DE3101848C2 (en)
DE1926020B2 (en) Voltage regulating circuit for television receivers
DE2167212C2 (en) Circuit arrangement for generating at least one predetermined output voltage, the size of which is independent of an input voltage
DE3600205C2 (en)
DE1283878C2 (en) ENERGY RECOVERY CIRCUIT FOR THE HORIZONTAL DEFLECTION OF A TELEVISION RECEIVER
DE1932392A1 (en) Control device for electrical load
DE1903621A1 (en) Thyristor control circuit
DE2165602A1 (en) Power supply arrangement
DE2249064A1 (en) CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENT FOR POTENTIAL-FREE TRANSMISSION OF EMISSION FLOWS IN ROENTINE PIPES
DE2746115A1 (en) INVERTER WITH AT LEAST TWO CONTROLLABLE LOAD THYRISTORS
DE2162881A1 (en) LOW VOLTAGE SUPPLY CIRCUIT FOR A TELEVISION RECEIVER
DE69112470T2 (en) Electrical supply device with energy reserve, in particular for a microwave tube.
DE2802451A1 (en) ROENTGE DIAGNOSTIC GENERATOR
DE2504024B2 (en) Protection circuit against excessive voltage in the deflection circuit of the picture tube of a television set
EP0279317A1 (en) X-ray diagnostic apparatus
DE2205083A1 (en) AC / DC converter
DE1167456B (en) X-ray diagnostic apparatus with symmetrically grounded high-voltage circuit for X-ray cinema recording series with a grid-controlled X-ray tube
DE2144723A1 (en) HORIZONTAL DEFLECTION CIRCUIT FOR TELEVISION RECEIVER
DE1438397C (en) Static frequency converter
DE961271C (en) Device for generating high DC voltages

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): DE FR

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19870708

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19890124

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): DE FR

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 19891124

Year of fee payment: 4

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 3666651

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19891130

ET Fr: translation filed
PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 19900126

Year of fee payment: 4

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed
PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Effective date: 19910731

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Effective date: 19910801

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: ST