EP0223038B1 - Sensing head for ultrasonic examination - Google Patents

Sensing head for ultrasonic examination Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0223038B1
EP0223038B1 EP86113804A EP86113804A EP0223038B1 EP 0223038 B1 EP0223038 B1 EP 0223038B1 EP 86113804 A EP86113804 A EP 86113804A EP 86113804 A EP86113804 A EP 86113804A EP 0223038 B1 EP0223038 B1 EP 0223038B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
test head
vibrator
receiver
transmitter
segments
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP86113804A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0223038A1 (en
Inventor
Rudi Schmid
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Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
    • B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
    • B06B1/00—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency
    • B06B1/02—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy
    • B06B1/06—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction
    • B06B1/0607—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction using multiple elements
    • B06B1/0622—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction using multiple elements on one surface

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a test head for ultrasonic testing in ⁇ technology with a transmitter and a receiver, each comprising a piezoelectric vibrator on a transducer carrier, the transmitter and receiver being structurally combined so that their radiation directions are at least approximately at right angles to a test specimen surface and under a point Angles to it.
  • the invention is based on the task of simplifying work with the ⁇ technology. In other words, the above-mentioned inconvenience should be eliminated.
  • the transducer carrier of the transmitter or of the receiver has a plurality of transducer segments which can be individually controlled via switching elements, and that the transducer carriers are enclosed in a common housing.
  • the invention thus combines in a stable housing which is suitable for easy handling: 1.
  • a vertical test head which can also have an inclination of up to 20 ° and is preferably used as a transmitter, and 2.
  • an angle test head which is equipped with several segmented transducers and is preferably used as a receiver.
  • the vertical test head part with a large-area transducer delivers an intensive sound field with a high excitation amplitude or sensitivity directly below the test head.
  • the more strip-shaped oscillators of the angle test head part simultaneously generate a quite divergent sound field for a wide sensitivity or excitation depth zone.
  • the segmented oscillators of the angle test head can be activated separately or together by switching elements, preferably by switches, which are located on the test head housing. This allows the sensitivity range of the test head to be varied. One thus obtains a test head for several depth zones, which largely eliminates the tediousness mentioned in the book mentioned, since the new test head no longer needs to be moved for depth adjustment.
  • the oscillator segments can be applied in a simple manner on a usually wedge-shaped oscillator carrier, so that they have the same radiation angle with respect to the vertical test head part.
  • different insonification angles can also be used, so that greater depths can be achieved even with a relatively small test head, as will be described in more detail later.
  • all elements can be provided with the same lead distance in order to influence the runtime dynamics of the test head. This is done in a known manner by a step-like design of the vibrating support.
  • the common housing gives the test head according to the invention a stable design, so that the sensitive transducers are well protected.
  • the common housing can also accommodate the switches for the oscillator segments and have lateral sockets for connecting measuring lines.
  • the test head shown schematically in FIG. 1, in particular without a housing, comprises a vertical test head part 1, which is also referred to as a zero degree transducer, and an angle test head part 2.
  • the vertical test head part 1 comprises a vibrating support 4 and a piezoelectric vibrator 5.
  • the angular test head part 2 has a wedge-shaped part Schwingerlini 7 with a segmented into four parts 8, 9, 10 and 11 Schwinger 12. Between the Test head parts 1 and 2, a layer of damping material 14 is provided, which serves the acoustic separation between the transmitter and receiver.
  • the vertical test head part 1 delivers a longitudinal wave sound beam, the central beam 15 of which runs at right angles to the surface of the test specimen, not shown.
  • the longitudinal or transverse sound bundles resulting from the oscillator segments 8 to 11 intersect with the sound bundle of the vertical test head part 1, so that central beam paths according to 18, 19, 20 and 21 are set.
  • the transmitted beam strikes flat reflectors, such as those represented by crack tips, binding errors, etc., cylinder waves are excited, which are then selectively received with the receiver segments depending on the depth of the reflector.
  • the central beam 15 can also run somewhat inclined, namely to such an extent (up to 20 °) that the weld seam is not passed through.
  • Central beam 15 and beam paths 18 to 21 are inclined to the same side.
  • the depth focusing listed in Table 2 can be carried out.
  • the eight focus areas designated there with the capital letters A to H are obtained by making the four oscillator segments 8 to 11 effective according to the table.
  • the effectiveness is represented by a cross, the ineffectiveness by a circle.
  • the focus curves shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 result depending on the segment excitation.
  • the diagrams show the reflector depth position T in millimeters on the abscissa and the specific sensitivity E in dB on the ordinate, the sensitivity for the curves B to H being related to the sensitivity of the focus area A.
  • the new test head enables systematic focusing that increases the depth sensitivity range of the test head.
  • a special feature of the test head shown in FIG. 5 is that the oscillator carrier 7 ⁇ forms a step-shaped surface in the region of the oscillator 12 ⁇ . Therefore, the vibrating segments 8 ⁇ to 11 ⁇ are offset from each other. They have the same insonification angles and their lead lengths 25 given by the oscillator body 7 'are of the same length.
  • the surface 26 of the vibrating body 7 "carrying the vibrator 12" is curved upwards in steps.
  • the central beam paths 18 "to 21" have therefore e.g. every 5 ° between 30 ° and 45 ° diverging insonification angles. This has the consequence that the "interfaces" with the beam 15 "are pulled further apart.
  • test head shows that the plastic, e.g. Polyacrylate, existing transducer carriers 4 and 7 are glued to one another via a 2 mm thick cork plate 14, which projects beyond the 8 mm height of the transducer carriers.
  • parts 4, 7 and 14 form the flat underside in a metal housing 30, the inside 31 of which is provided with a 1 mm thick cork lining 32.
  • the housing 30 is made of 1.5 mm thick stainless steel and has a rectangular shape. The depth, which cannot be seen from the figure, is approximately half the width of the housing, which is 30 mm.
  • a fourfold on-off switch 35 is attached to the metal housing 30, the contacts 36 of which are actuated individually via buttons 37 that come from the top of the housing 30 protrude.
  • two sockets 39 and 40 are seated in the wall of the housing 30. Socket 39 is connected to the oscillator 5 of the vertical test head part 1.
  • the oscillating segments 8 to 11 of the angle test head part 2 are guided to the socket 40 via the switch 35, so that the segments 8 to 11 can be made effective individually or in combination.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Prüfkopf zur Ultraschall­prüfung in Δ -Technik mit einem Sender und einem Emp­fänger, die jeweils einen piezzoelektrischen Schwinger auf einem Schwingerträger umfassen, wobei Sender und Emp­fänger baulich so zusammengefaßt sind, daß ihre Strah­lungsrichtungen mindestens annähernd rechtwinkelig zu einer Prüflingsoberfläche und unter einem spitzen Winkel dazu verlaufen.The invention relates to a test head for ultrasonic testing in Δ technology with a transmitter and a receiver, each comprising a piezoelectric vibrator on a transducer carrier, the transmitter and receiver being structurally combined so that their radiation directions are at least approximately at right angles to a test specimen surface and under a point Angles to it.

Die Δ -Technik der Ultraschallprüfung ist z.B. in dem Buch "Werkstoffprüfung mit Ultraschall" von J. und H. Krautkrämer, Springer-Verlag, Seiten 331 und 332 beschrieben. Dabei zeigt die schematische Darstel­lung der Abbildung 15.10, daß der Empfänger rechtwinklig zu einer Prüflingsoberfläche angeordnet ist, während der Sender unter einem Spitzen Winkel dazu durch eine Flüssig­keit strahlt, die zur Ankopplung benötigt wird, weil bei der Prüfung beide Köpfe sowohl gemeinsam wie auch gegen­einander verschoben werden sollen. Die Δ -Technik wird als umständlich bezeichnet, so daß ihre Anwendung auf Spezialfälle beschränkt ist.The Δ technique of ultrasonic testing is e.g. in the book "Material Testing with Ultrasound" by J. and H. Krautkrämer, Springer-Verlag, pages 331 and 332. The schematic representation of Figure 15.10 shows that the receiver is arranged at right angles to a test specimen surface, while the transmitter shines at an acute angle through a liquid that is required for coupling, because during the test both heads are moved both together and against each other should be. The Δ technology is called cumbersome, so that its application is limited to special cases.

Die Erfindung geht von der Aufgabe aus, das Arbeiten mit der Δ -Technik zu vereinfachen. Anders ausgedrückt, soll die genannte Umständlichkeit behoben werden.The invention is based on the task of simplifying work with the Δ technology. In other words, the above-mentioned inconvenience should be eliminated.

Erfindungsgemäß ist vorgesehen, daß der Schwingerträger des Senders oder des Empfängers mehrere Schwingersegmente aufweist, die über Schaltelemente einzeln ansteuerbar sind, und daß die Schwingerträger in einem gemeinsamen Gehäuse eingeschlossen sind.According to the invention it is provided that the transducer carrier of the transmitter or of the receiver has a plurality of transducer segments which can be individually controlled via switching elements, and that the transducer carriers are enclosed in a common housing.

Bei der Erfindung sind somit in einem stabilen, für eine leichte Handhabung geeigneten Gehäuse vereinigt: 1. Ein Senkrechtprüfkopf, der auch eine Neigung bis 20° haben kann und vorzugsweise als Sender benutzt wird, und 2. ein Winkelprüfkopf, der mit mehreren segmentierten Schwingern ausgestattet ist und vorzugsweise als Empfänger benutzt wird. Dabei liefert der Senkrechtprüfkopfteil mit einem großflächigen Schwinger ein intensives Schallfeld mit hoher Anregungsamplitude bzw. Empfindlichkeit direkt unterhalb des Prüfkopfes. Die mehr streifenförmigen Schwinger des Winkelprüfkopfteils erzeugen gleichzeitig einzeln ein recht divergentes Schallfeld für eine breite Empfindlichkeit bzw. Anregungstiefenzone.The invention thus combines in a stable housing which is suitable for easy handling: 1. A vertical test head, which can also have an inclination of up to 20 ° and is preferably used as a transmitter, and 2. an angle test head, which is equipped with several segmented transducers and is preferably used as a receiver. The vertical test head part with a large-area transducer delivers an intensive sound field with a high excitation amplitude or sensitivity directly below the test head. The more strip-shaped oscillators of the angle test head part simultaneously generate a quite divergent sound field for a wide sensitivity or excitation depth zone.

Die segmentierten Schwinger des Winkelprüfkopfes können getrennt oder gemeinsam durch Schaltelemente, vorzugswei­se durch Schalter, wirksam gemacht werden, die am Prüf­kopfgehäuse sitzen. Damit kann der Empfindlichkeitsbe­reich des Prüfkopfes variiert werden. Man erhält also einen Prüfkopf für mehrere Tiefenzonen, wodurch die in dem genannten Buch angeführte Umständlichkeit weitgehend beseitig ist, denn der neue Prüfkopf braucht zur Tiefen­anpassung nicht mehr verschoben zu werden.The segmented oscillators of the angle test head can be activated separately or together by switching elements, preferably by switches, which are located on the test head housing. This allows the sensitivity range of the test head to be varied. One thus obtains a test head for several depth zones, which largely eliminates the tediousness mentioned in the book mentioned, since the new test head no longer needs to be moved for depth adjustment.

Die Schwingersegmente können in einfacher Weise auf einem üblicherweise keilförmigen Schwingerträger aufgebracht sein, so daß sie gleiche Strahlungswinkel gegenüber dem Senkrechtprüfkopfteil aufweisen. Man kann aber auch un­terschiedliche Einschallwinkel verwenden, damit auch bei einem relativ kleinen Prüfkopf größere Tiefen erreicht werden, wie später noch näher beschrieben wird. Ferner können alle Elemente mit gleicher Vorlaufstrecke verse­hen werden, um die Laufzeitdynamik des Prüfkopfes zu be­einflussen. Dies geschieht in bekannter Weise durch eine stufenförmige Ausbildung des Schwingerträgers.The oscillator segments can be applied in a simple manner on a usually wedge-shaped oscillator carrier, so that they have the same radiation angle with respect to the vertical test head part. However, different insonification angles can also be used, so that greater depths can be achieved even with a relatively small test head, as will be described in more detail later. Furthermore, all elements can be provided with the same lead distance in order to influence the runtime dynamics of the test head. This is done in a known manner by a step-like design of the vibrating support.

Das gemeinsame Gehäuse ergibt bei dem Prüfkopf nach der Erfindung eine stabile Bauweise, so daß die empfindlichen Schwinger gut geschützt untergebracht sind. Außerdem kann das gemeinsame Gehäuse auch die Schalter für die Schwin­gersegmente aufnehmen sowie seitliche Buchsen zum An­schluß von Meßleitungen aufweisen.The common housing gives the test head according to the invention a stable design, so that the sensitive transducers are well protected. In addition, the common housing can also accommodate the switches for the oscillator segments and have lateral sockets for connecting measuring lines.

Zur näheren Erläuterung der Erfindung werden anhand der Zeichnungen Ausführungsbeispiele beschrieben. Es zeigt

  • Figur 1 schematisch die Zuordnung von Sender und Empfän­ger zueinander,
  • Figur 2 eine Tabelle, in der verschiedene Fokusbereiche mit der zugehörigen Schalterstellung und Segment­anregung dargestellt sind,
  • Figur 3 Kennlinien der Empfindlichkeit von Fokusbereichen A bis D,
  • Figur 4 Kennlinien der Empfindlichkeit von Fokusbereichen E bis H,
  • Figur 5 schematisch einen Empfänger mit gleichen Vor­laufstrecken für alle Segmente,
  • Figur 6 einen Empfänger mit unterschiedlichen Einstrah­lungswinkeln für die einzelnen Segmente, und
  • Figur 7 eine vergrößerte Darstellung eines Prüfkopfes nach der Erfindung in einem Schnitt, im Maßstab 2 : 1.
For a more detailed explanation of the invention, exemplary embodiments are described with reference to the drawings. It shows
  • FIG. 1 schematically the assignment of transmitter and receiver to one another,
  • FIG. 2 shows a table in which different focus areas are shown with the associated switch position and segment excitation,
  • FIG. 3 characteristic curves of the sensitivity of focus areas A to D,
  • FIG. 4 characteristic curves of the sensitivity of focus areas E to H,
  • FIG. 5 schematically shows a receiver with the same lead sections for all segments,
  • 6 shows a receiver with different angles of incidence for the individual segments, and
  • Figure 7 is an enlarged view of a test head according to the invention in a section, on a scale of 2: 1.

Der in Figur 1 schematisch, insbesondere ohne Gehäuse, dargestellte Prüfkopf umfaßt einen Senkrechtprüfkopfteil 1, der auch als Nullgradschwinger bezeichnet wird, und einen Winkelprüfkopfteil 2. Der Senkrechtprüfkopfteil 1 umfaßt einen Schwingerträger 4 und einen piezzo-elektri­schen Schwinger 5. Der Winkelprüfkopfteil 2 hat einen keilförmigen Schwingerträger 7 mit einem in vier Teile 8, 9, 10 und 11 segmentierten Schwinger 12. Zwischen den Prüfkopfteilen 1 und 2 ist eine Schicht Dämpfungsmate­rial 14 vorgesehen, die der akustischen Trennung zwi­schen Sender und Empfänger dient.The test head shown schematically in FIG. 1, in particular without a housing, comprises a vertical test head part 1, which is also referred to as a zero degree transducer, and an angle test head part 2. The vertical test head part 1 comprises a vibrating support 4 and a piezoelectric vibrator 5. The angular test head part 2 has a wedge-shaped part Schwingerträger 7 with a segmented into four parts 8, 9, 10 and 11 Schwinger 12. Between the Test head parts 1 and 2, a layer of damping material 14 is provided, which serves the acoustic separation between the transmitter and receiver.

Der Senkrechtprüfkopfteil 1 liefert ein Longitudinalwel­lenschallbündel, dessen Zentralstrahl 15 rechtwinklig zu der Oberfläche des nicht dargestellten Prüflings verläuft. Die aus den Schwingersegmenten 8 bis 11 resultierenden longitudinalen oder transversalen Schallbündel kreuzen sich mit dem Schallbündel des Senkrechtprüfkopfteils 1, so daß Zentralstrahlengänge gemäß 18, 19, 20 und 21 ein­gestellt werden. Trifft der Sendestrahl auf flächige Re­flektoren, wie sie Rißspitzen, Bindefehler usw. darstel­len, so werden Zylinderwellen angeregt, die dann mit den Empfängersegmenten je nach der Tiefenlage des Reflektors selektiv empfangen werden. Im Hinblick auf besondere Prüfbedingungen, z.B. in der Nähe einer Schweißnaht, kann der Zentralstrahl 15 auch etwas geneigt verlaufen, und zwar so weit (bis 20°), daß die Schweißnaht nicht durchschallt wird. Zentralstrahl 15 und die Strahlen­gänge 18 bis 21 sind dabei zur gleichen Seite geneigt.The vertical test head part 1 delivers a longitudinal wave sound beam, the central beam 15 of which runs at right angles to the surface of the test specimen, not shown. The longitudinal or transverse sound bundles resulting from the oscillator segments 8 to 11 intersect with the sound bundle of the vertical test head part 1, so that central beam paths according to 18, 19, 20 and 21 are set. If the transmitted beam strikes flat reflectors, such as those represented by crack tips, binding errors, etc., cylinder waves are excited, which are then selectively received with the receiver segments depending on the depth of the reflector. With regard to special test conditions, e.g. in the vicinity of a weld seam, the central beam 15 can also run somewhat inclined, namely to such an extent (up to 20 °) that the weld seam is not passed through. Central beam 15 and beam paths 18 to 21 are inclined to the same side.

Mit dem neuen Prüfkopf kann die in Tabelle 2 angeführte Tiefenfokussierung vorgenommen werden. Die dort mit den Großbuchstaben A bis H bezeichneten acht Fokusbereiche werden dadurch erhalten, daß die vier Schwingersegmente 8 bis 11 entsprechend der Tabelle wirksam gemacht werden. Dabei ist die Wirksamkeit durch ein Kreuz, die Unwirksam­keit durch einen Kreis dargestellt.With the new probe, the depth focusing listed in Table 2 can be carried out. The eight focus areas designated there with the capital letters A to H are obtained by making the four oscillator segments 8 to 11 effective according to the table. The effectiveness is represented by a cross, the ineffectiveness by a circle.

Je nach der Segmentanregung ergeben sich die in den Figu­ren 3 und 4 dargestellten Fokuskurven. Die Diagramme zei­gen auf der Abszisse die Reflektortiefenlage T in Milli­metern, auf der Ordinate die spezifische Empfindlichkeit E in dB, wobei für die Kurven B bis H die Empfindlichkeit auf die Empfindlichkeit des Fokusbereiches A bezogen ist.The focus curves shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 result depending on the segment excitation. The diagrams show the reflector depth position T in millimeters on the abscissa and the specific sensitivity E in dB on the ordinate, the sensitivity for the curves B to H being related to the sensitivity of the focus area A.

Man erkennt deutlich, daß mit dem neuen Prüfkopf eine systematische Fokussierung gelingt, die den Tiefenemp­findlichkeitsbereich des Prüfkopfes steigert.It can clearly be seen that the new test head enables systematic focusing that increases the depth sensitivity range of the test head.

Der in Figur 5 dargestellte Prüfkopf hat als Besonder­heit, daß der Schwingerträger 7ʹ im Bereich des Schwin­gers 12ʹ eine stufenförmige Fläche bildet. Deshalb sitzen die Schwingersegmente 8ʹ bis 11ʹ gegeneinander versetzt. Sie haben die gleichen Einschallwinkel und ihre durch den Schwingerkörper 7' gegebenen Vorlaufstrecken 25 sind gleich lang.A special feature of the test head shown in FIG. 5 is that the oscillator carrier 7ʹ forms a step-shaped surface in the region of the oscillator 12ʹ. Therefore, the vibrating segments 8ʹ to 11ʹ are offset from each other. They have the same insonification angles and their lead lengths 25 given by the oscillator body 7 'are of the same length.

Bei dem Prüfkopf nach Figur 6 ist die den Schwinger 12" tragende Oberfläche 26 des Schwingerkörpers 7" in Stufen nach oben gewölbt. Die Zentralstrahlengänge 18" bis 21" haben deshalb um z.B. je 5° zwischen 30° und 45° diver­gierende Einschallwinkel. Dies hat zur Folge, daß die "Schnittstellen" mit dem Strahl 15" weiter auseinander­gezogen sind.In the test head according to FIG. 6, the surface 26 of the vibrating body 7 "carrying the vibrator 12" is curved upwards in steps. The central beam paths 18 "to 21" have therefore e.g. every 5 ° between 30 ° and 45 ° diverging insonification angles. This has the consequence that the "interfaces" with the beam 15 "are pulled further apart.

Der Prüfkopf nach Figur 7 zeigt, daß die aus Kunststoff, z.B. Polyacrylat, bestehenden Schwingerträger 4 und 7 über eine 2 mm dicke Korkplatte 14 miteinander verklebt sind, die über die 8 mm betragende Höhe der Schwinger­träger hinausragt. Gemeinsam bilden die Teile 4, 7 und 14 die ebene Unterseite in einem Metallgehäuse 30, dessen Innenseite 31 mit einer 1 mm dicken Korkauskleidung 32 versehen ist.The test head according to Figure 7 shows that the plastic, e.g. Polyacrylate, existing transducer carriers 4 and 7 are glued to one another via a 2 mm thick cork plate 14, which projects beyond the 8 mm height of the transducer carriers. Together, parts 4, 7 and 14 form the flat underside in a metal housing 30, the inside 31 of which is provided with a 1 mm thick cork lining 32.

Das Gehäuse 30 besteht aus 1,5 mm dickem nichtrostendem Stahl und hat eine rechtwinklige Form. Die aus der Fi­gur nicht ersichtliche Tiefe ist etwa halb so groß wie die Breite des Gehäuses, die 30 mm beträgt. An dem Me­tallgehäuse 30 ist ein vierfacher Ein-Aus-Schalter 35 befestigt, dessen Kontakte 36 einzeln über Knöpfe 37 betätigt werden, die aus der Oberseite des Gehäuses 30 hervorstehen. Ferner sitzen in der Wand des Gehäuses 30 zwei Buchsen 39 und 40. Buchse 39 ist mit dem Schwinger 5 des Senkrechtprüfkopfteiles 1 verbunden. Die Schwinger­segmente 8 bis 11 des Winkelprüfkopfteiles 2 sind dage­gen über den Schalter 35 zur Buchse 40 geführt, so daß damit die Segmente 8 bis 11 einzeln oder kombiniert wirk­sam gemacht werden können.The housing 30 is made of 1.5 mm thick stainless steel and has a rectangular shape. The depth, which cannot be seen from the figure, is approximately half the width of the housing, which is 30 mm. A fourfold on-off switch 35 is attached to the metal housing 30, the contacts 36 of which are actuated individually via buttons 37 that come from the top of the housing 30 protrude. Furthermore, two sockets 39 and 40 are seated in the wall of the housing 30. Socket 39 is connected to the oscillator 5 of the vertical test head part 1. The oscillating segments 8 to 11 of the angle test head part 2, on the other hand, are guided to the socket 40 via the switch 35, so that the segments 8 to 11 can be made effective individually or in combination.

Claims (5)

1. Test head for ultrasonic testing with the △-­technique, comprising a transmitter and a receiver which each include a piezoelectric vibrator on a vibrator carrier, wherein the transmitter and the receiver are structurally combined so that their directions of radiation extend at least approximately at right angles to the surface of a test piece and at an acute angle thereto, characterised in that the vibrator carrier (4) of the transmitter (1) or of the receiver (2) has several vibrator segments (8-11) which can be individually controlled by means of switching elements (35), and in that the vibrator carriers (4, 7) are enclosed in a common housing (30).
2. Test head according to claim 1, characterised in that the vibrator segments (8ʹ-11ʹ) have equal approach distances (25) from the transmitter or receiver (Fig. 5).
3. Test head according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the vibrator segments (8ʺ-11ʺ) have different acoustic irradiation angles (Fig. 6).
4. Test head according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterised in that the switching elements (35) are disposed in the common housing (30).
5. Test head according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the common housing (30) has lateral jacks (39, 40) for connecting measuring lines.
EP86113804A 1985-10-17 1986-10-06 Sensing head for ultrasonic examination Expired - Lifetime EP0223038B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3537062 1985-10-17
DE3537062 1985-10-17

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EP0223038A1 EP0223038A1 (en) 1987-05-27
EP0223038B1 true EP0223038B1 (en) 1991-01-02

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EP86113804A Expired - Lifetime EP0223038B1 (en) 1985-10-17 1986-10-06 Sensing head for ultrasonic examination

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Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL174585C (en) * 1978-08-04 1984-07-02 Roentgen Tech Dienst Bv ELECTRO-ACOUSTIC SQUARE CRYSTAL AND METHOD FOR THE USE THEREOF.
CA1118882A (en) * 1979-05-07 1982-02-23 Jiri Vrba Ultrasonic probe
DE3048188A1 (en) * 1980-12-19 1982-07-29 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Ultrasonic test head with matrix of columnar transducers - giving reduced acoustic impedance and enhanced emission amplitude

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DE3676448D1 (en) 1991-02-07
EP0223038A1 (en) 1987-05-27

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