EP0220070A1 - Abseilgerät - Google Patents

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Publication number
EP0220070A1
EP0220070A1 EP86308077A EP86308077A EP0220070A1 EP 0220070 A1 EP0220070 A1 EP 0220070A1 EP 86308077 A EP86308077 A EP 86308077A EP 86308077 A EP86308077 A EP 86308077A EP 0220070 A1 EP0220070 A1 EP 0220070A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rope
descending
descending means
load
touching
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP86308077A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Haruhisa Kitago
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Seibu-kohgyoh Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Seibu-kohgyoh Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from JP23416985A external-priority patent/JPS6294178A/ja
Priority claimed from JP12150786U external-priority patent/JPS6326358U/ja
Application filed by Seibu-kohgyoh Co Ltd filed Critical Seibu-kohgyoh Co Ltd
Publication of EP0220070A1 publication Critical patent/EP0220070A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B1/00—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like
    • A62B1/06—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like by making use of rope-lowering devices
    • A62B1/14—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like by making use of rope-lowering devices with brakes sliding on the rope

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a descent device, for use, in an emergency, for descending from an escape opening located at an elevated position of a building.
  • Conventional devices of this kind consist, as is known from for instance Japan Utility Model Reg. No. 975147 (Japan Utility Model Publication No. 47-4227), essentially of a metal fixture provided at an escape opening of a building and a body which hangs down from the metal fixture when the device is to be used, the body comprising a built-in brake acting on centrifugal force and a rope passing therethrough, with hanging belts to be worn by descending persons connected to the two ends of the rope.
  • this conventional device however, there reside problems in that the device is expensive because of its complicated construction and that, since the body weight varies from person to person, a person may sometimes suffer from an excessive speed or, on the contrary, it may sometimes be difficult for a person to descend smoothly.
  • a descent device of simple construction which consists, as shown in Fig. 11 of the accompanying drawings, essentially of a rope 1 which can be fastened to an escape opening 51 of a building 50 and a plurality of descending means 52 to which evacuees are hung through the medium of a hanging belt 53, permitting them to come down to the ground quickly one after another.
  • the descending means 52 is, as shown in Fig.
  • a braking mechanism consisting of a clasping plate spring body 54 which clasps the rope 1 and slides in frictional engagement therewith, or with another type of braking mechanism which regulates the rope-clasping force so as to suit the load of the descending person or object, such as a cam or lever mechanism.
  • the present invention aims to provide a descent device of simple construction which permits evacuees to descend from an elevated position of a building at a steady speed in safety.
  • the present invention provides a descent device which comprises a rope or the like the upper end of which is fastened at an escape opening located at an elevated position of a building or the like, and a pair of descending means, the upper and lower, which are fitted onto the rope, the upper descending means having a plurality of rope-touching means which slide in frictional engagement with the rope in a state of being bent as the upper descending means moves down with a tilt relative to increases of load, and the lower descending means being so constructed as to increase its braking force relative to increases of load, and the lower descending means having a hanging means with which a descending person or object is to be held hanging from it, and these two units of the descending means being connected with a connecting means.
  • the lower descending means may be so constructed as to clasp the rope by clasping force which increases relative to increases of the load, or may be provided with a plurality of rope-touching means which slide in frictional engagement with the rope in a state of being bent as the lower descending means moves down with a tilt relative to increases of the load.
  • the upper desending means moves down with a tilt angle which becomes wider relative to increases of the load, the upper descending means being given, through the action of the said rope-touching means of bending the rope and by virtue of tension of the rope, a frictional resistance countering the said load. Therefore, when the weight of a person descending (or the load of a descending object) is greater, the load working on the upper descending means becomes greater and the tilt angle of the upper descending means becomes wider, and hence the aforesaid frictional resistance becomes greater. When, on the contrary, the weight of a descending person is smaller, the aforesaid load becomes smaller and the tilt angle of the upper descending means becomes narrower, and hence the aforesaid frictional resistance becomes smaller.
  • the lower descending means may clasp the rope by a clasping force which increases relative to increases of the load, or a plurality of rope-touching means provided therein may slide in frictional engagement with the rope in a state of being bent as it moves down with a tilt relative to increases of the load; and, by virtue of such actions, there is given, in either case, a frictional resistance countering the aforesaid load in the same manner.
  • the present inventor conducted an experiment using only one separate unit, the upper or lower respectively, of the pair of descending means. As a result, it was found that, in either case, perfect safety could not be ensured with a single unit, the descending means sometimes coming to a stop halfway or, on the contrary, sometimes coming down at an excessive speed. Thereupon, the inventor conducted a further experiment using a device consisting of the aforesaid upper descending means and the aforesaid lower descending means connected together with a connecting means, as disclosed in the present invention. As a result, it was ascertained that the descent device of the invention permits a smooth and safe descent at a steady descending speed.
  • the descent device is of a simple structure, because it can be composed by merely connecting a pair of descending means, the upper and lower, with a connecting means, without requiring a manually-operated lever, or the like, for regulating the descending speed.
  • Figs. 1 to 4 show a first embodiment of a descent device of the present invention which consists essentially of a rope 1 the upper end of which is fastened to an opening for escape 51 located at an elevated position of a building 50 or the like (see Fig. 11), a pair of descending means A and B (the upper and lower) which are fitted onto the rope 1, the upper descending means A and the lower descending means B being connected with a connecting rod (connecting means) 2, and a hanging belt (hanging means) 3 fitted to the lower descending means B for holding a person or an object descending hung therefrom.
  • a descent device of the present invention which consists essentially of a rope 1 the upper end of which is fastened to an opening for escape 51 located at an elevated position of a building 50 or the like (see Fig. 11), a pair of descending means A and B (the upper and lower) which are fitted onto the rope 1, the upper descending means A and the lower descending means B being connected with a connecting rod (connecting means) 2, and a
  • the upper descending means A is provided with a pair (left and right) of braking rods (rope-touching means) 4 and 5, as well as with an upper braking rod (rope-touching means) 6: and the lower descending means B is so constructed as to clasp the rope 1 by a clasping force which increases relative to increases of load Q.
  • the upper descending means A there are disposed at a lower position inside a casing consisting of a pair of side plates 7 the left braking rod 4 and the right braking rod 5 in confronting relation, with the rope 1 inbetween, while at the upper position, on the left side, inside the casing, there is disposed the upper braking rod 6.
  • the left braking rod 4 is provided with a guide groove 4a, and is fastened between the pair of side plates 7 with a bolt 8a and a nut 8b.
  • the right braking rod is not provided with a guide groove, it is also fastened between the pair of side plates 7 with a bolt 8a and a nut 8b in the same manner as the left braking rod 4.
  • the upper braking rod 6 is provided with a guide groove 6a, and is fastened between the pair of side plates 7. While these braking rods 4, 5 and 6 constitute the rope-touching means in this embodiment of the invention, other types of rope-touching means, for example pads, may also be adopted. It may be added that the upper braking rod 6 is so disposed as to be kept apart from the rope 1, to the left of it, when a load P is not being exerted on the upper descending means A.
  • the lower descending means B is disposed underneath the upper descending means A.
  • this lower descending means B there are disposed in a casing consisting of a pair of side plates 9 a movable friction plate 10 and a fixed friction plate 11.
  • the movable friction plate 10 is connected, with a pin, to the end of a lever 13 which swings on a pivot 12, and is provided with a fitting means 14 to which a hanging belt 3 is to be fitted.
  • On the braking surface of the movable friction plate 10 is formed a guide groove 10a; and the rope 1 is firmly embraced between this guide groove 10a and the braking surface of the fixed friction plate 11.
  • the movable friction plate 10 is given, by a pull spring 15, a force which acts to draw it nearer in the direction of the fixed friction plate 11.
  • This movable friction plate 10 is so constructed that, when a load Q acts on it, as illustrated in Fig. 2, it moves in the direction of the fixed friction plate 11, thereby exerting frictional braking force on the rope 1.
  • the upper descending means A and the lower descending means B are connected with a connecting rod 2. Further, the two descending means A and B are also connected with a spring 16, thereby preventing the upper descending means A from tilting more than is necessary, as illustrated in Fig. 2.
  • the descent device described above is used as follows.
  • the movable friction plate 10 draws nearer to the fixed friction plate 11 as the load Q works on it, thereby pressing the rope 1 inbetween.
  • this clasping force and tension of the rope 1 there is produced a braking force countering the load Q, and the lower descending means B descends slidingly in frictional engagement with the rope 1.
  • each of the descending means A and B respectively slides in frictional engagement with the rope, a person may descend smoothly at a steady speed.
  • the difference in braking force between the descending means A and B relative to the ratio of distribution of the load W between the two descending means A and B, fluctuates moment by moment in the course of descent, and there is maintained a balance of forces between the two units of the descending means as a whole, thereby permitting a person using the device to descend in a stabilized state, while ensuring a virtually constant and safe descending speed in either case.
  • Figs. 5 and 6 show a second embodiment of a descent device of the present invention.
  • An upper descending means C and a lower descending means D, which are fitted onto the rope 1, are both provided with rope-touching means which slide in frictional engagement with the rope 1 in a state of being bent when they move down with a tilt. Since the construction of both the descending means C and D is essentially the same as that of the upper descending means A in the first embodiment of the invention, other details of the construction being the same as in the first embodiment, numbers and symbols common with those in the first embodiment are used in Figs. 5 and 6, and detailed description is not necessary.
  • auxiliary braking rod 28 which is not provided in the upper descending means A in the first embodiment of the invention.
  • the auxiliary braking rod 28 cooperates with the pair of left and right braking rods 4 and 5 in bending the rope 1, thereby ensuring that there is produced a braking force required for safe and smooth descent.
  • the ratio of distribution of the load W between the two descending means C and D, and the difference in tilt angle between the two descending means C and D fluctuates moment by moment in the course of descent, and permits a person to descend in a balanced state as a whole. Consequently, heavy-weight and light-weight persons are likewise ensured a smooth descent at a safe speed.
  • the present invention may be embodied in various modes of construction other than those indicated in the above first and second embodiments.
  • descending means which slide in frictional engagement with a rope in a state of being bent as it slides with a tilt
  • This descending means comprises a pair of left and right pin means (rope-touching means) 18 and 19, with the rope 1 inbetween, disposed inside a casing consisting of a pair of side plates 17, and brake pads 20 and 21 disposed respectively to the upper left of the left pin means 18 and to the lower right of the right pin means 19.
  • the brake pads 20 and 21 come into contact with the rope 1 as the descending means E moves with a tilt, as illustrated in Fig. 7, thereby ensuring that the required braking force is obtained.
  • Such a construction is also effective in obtaining sufficient braking force when a person of especially heavy weight descends with the device.
  • the descending means may be as described in the following. That is, as shown in Fig. 8, a descending means F is provided with a compensating ring 22 fitted round the rope 1 in such a manner that it can move both ways along an arched guide groove 24 formed at the upper part of a casing consisting of side plates 23 of the descending means, and between this compensating ring 22 and a spring fixture 25 disposed at the upper right-hand corner of the casing there is fitted a pull spring 26 to place restraint on tilting movement of the descending means F, thereby lowering the braking force.
  • descending means which clasp the rope with a clasping force increasing relative to increases of the load
  • the descending means G shown in Fig. 7.
  • This descending means comprises a movable pad 32 and a fixed pad 3 3 disposed in confronting relation, with the rope 1 inbetween, inside a casing consisting of a pair of side plates 31, the upper end of a hanging means 3 being fitted onto the movable pad 32.
  • the movable pad 32 is provided with a holding pin 34 which protrudes from both its sides, being engaged with inclined guide grooves 35 formed in the side plates 31.
  • the sliding surfaces of these pads 32 and 33 are coated with lining material 36 having a large coefficient of friction and a good abrasion resistance.
  • the pair of upper and lower descending means E and G, as shown in Fig. 7, are connected with a connecting rope (connecting means) 37.
  • a connecting rope 37 When connected with a rope 37 like this, it is possible to make a descent flexibly adapting the movement to the bending of the rope 1; and, besides, it affords convenience for the fitting of the descending means on the rope and their removal, as well as for the carriage and storing of them.
  • this connecting rope 37 is disposed sideways from the rope 1 by passing it through a hole 27a provided near the end of a guide means 27 in the shape of a half-inverted letter L which is connected to the lower descending means G, the guide means 27 being movably fitted on the rope 1 above the lower descending means G.
  • a descending means H as shown in Fig. 9 is constructed in such a manner that the rope 1 passed through rope-passing holes 39 of a body 38 of the descending means is pressed against the wall of the body 38 by a plate spring 40, and the back of that part of the plate spring 40 which is in contact with the rope 1 is pressed with a lever 41, the weight-applying end of which being connected, through the medium of a link 42, with a connecting ring 43 for hanging a means for holding a person, or an object, descending, thereby to increase pressure on the rope 1 in proportion to increases of the weight of the descending persons or objects.
  • a descending means I as shown in Fig. 10 is constructed in such a manner that the rope 1 passed through rope-passing holes 45 of a body 44 of the descending means is pressed against the wall of the body 44 by a cam 47 mounted on a cam shaft 46, to which cam shaft 46 is fastened a fan-shaped sheave 48, and to which fan-shaped sheave 48 is fastened an end 49a of a pull rope 49, the pull rope 49 being led out of the body 44 through a groove of the sheave 48, and the other end 49b of the pull rope 49 being so tied as to form a connecting ring 50 for hanging a means for holding a person, or an object, descending.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Lowering Means (AREA)
  • Electric Cable Installation (AREA)
EP86308077A 1985-10-18 1986-10-17 Abseilgerät Withdrawn EP0220070A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP23416985A JPS6294178A (ja) 1985-10-18 1985-10-18 避難器具
JP234169/85 1985-10-18
JP12150786U JPS6326358U (de) 1986-08-07 1986-08-07
JP121507/86 1986-08-07

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0220070A1 true EP0220070A1 (de) 1987-04-29

Family

ID=26458858

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86308077A Withdrawn EP0220070A1 (de) 1985-10-18 1986-10-17 Abseilgerät

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0220070A1 (de)
KR (1) KR870003799A (de)
CN (1) CN86106541A (de)
AU (1) AU6397586A (de)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2293408A (en) * 1994-09-24 1996-03-27 Michael Moore Self speed-regulating rope decending device
CN101269260B (zh) * 2008-05-16 2011-01-26 姜耀昆 缓速、往复式高空救生梯
EP2399651A1 (de) * 2010-06-23 2011-12-28 Zedel Abrutschblockiergerät für das Hoch- und Runterklettern an einem Seil
US9604079B2 (en) 2015-07-21 2017-03-28 Merritt Arboreal Design, Inc. On-rope work positioning device
FR3144011A1 (fr) * 2022-12-22 2024-06-28 Zedel Dispositif de blocage de corde et dispositif de remontée sur corde et procédé de remontée sur corde

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU641898B2 (en) * 1987-06-29 1993-10-07 Ullapara Holdings Pty. Ltd. Descent system
AU653576B2 (en) * 1991-01-29 1994-10-06 Henry Robert Beak Descent apparatus
CN103933678A (zh) * 2014-05-09 2014-07-23 兰方敏 高空下滑器
KR102574298B1 (ko) * 2022-08-19 2023-09-01 진유영 균일한 하강속도를 이루는 완강기

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1429441A (fr) * 1965-01-14 1966-02-25 Appareil d'assurance et de traction sur corde pour la spéléologie et l'alpinisme
CH526308A (de) * 1970-12-31 1972-08-15 Brda Otto Abseilgerät
FR2304564A1 (fr) * 1975-03-21 1976-10-15 Bugat Francis Appareil pour l'elevation ou la descente de charges sur cordes lisses verticales

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1429441A (fr) * 1965-01-14 1966-02-25 Appareil d'assurance et de traction sur corde pour la spéléologie et l'alpinisme
CH526308A (de) * 1970-12-31 1972-08-15 Brda Otto Abseilgerät
FR2304564A1 (fr) * 1975-03-21 1976-10-15 Bugat Francis Appareil pour l'elevation ou la descente de charges sur cordes lisses verticales

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2293408A (en) * 1994-09-24 1996-03-27 Michael Moore Self speed-regulating rope decending device
CN101269260B (zh) * 2008-05-16 2011-01-26 姜耀昆 缓速、往复式高空救生梯
EP2399651A1 (de) * 2010-06-23 2011-12-28 Zedel Abrutschblockiergerät für das Hoch- und Runterklettern an einem Seil
FR2961709A1 (fr) * 2010-06-23 2011-12-30 Zedel Appareil bloqueur descendeur pour la remontee et la descente sur corde
CN102407005A (zh) * 2010-06-23 2012-04-11 齐德公司 用于在绳上爬升和下降的上升器/下降器设备
US8950550B2 (en) 2010-06-23 2015-02-10 Zedel Ascender and descender appliance for climbing and descending on a rope
CN102407005B (zh) * 2010-06-23 2015-06-03 齐德公司 用于在绳上爬升和下降的上升器/下降器设备
US9604079B2 (en) 2015-07-21 2017-03-28 Merritt Arboreal Design, Inc. On-rope work positioning device
US10258829B2 (en) 2015-07-21 2019-04-16 Merritt Arboreal Design, Inc. On-rope work positioning device
FR3144011A1 (fr) * 2022-12-22 2024-06-28 Zedel Dispositif de blocage de corde et dispositif de remontée sur corde et procédé de remontée sur corde

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU6397586A (en) 1987-04-30
CN86106541A (zh) 1987-04-29
KR870003799A (ko) 1987-05-04

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Inventor name: KITAGO, HARUHISA