EP0220024A2 - Granular detergent compositions having improved solubility - Google Patents
Granular detergent compositions having improved solubility Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0220024A2 EP0220024A2 EP86307798A EP86307798A EP0220024A2 EP 0220024 A2 EP0220024 A2 EP 0220024A2 EP 86307798 A EP86307798 A EP 86307798A EP 86307798 A EP86307798 A EP 86307798A EP 0220024 A2 EP0220024 A2 EP 0220024A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- base granules
- composition according
- weight
- surfactant
- detergent
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- -1 alkylbenzene sulfonate Chemical class 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 15
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 150000008051 alkyl sulfates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 14
- 235000019832 sodium triphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical group C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-I triphosphate(5-) Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052910 alkali metal silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- XPPKVPWEQAFLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-J diphosphate(4-) Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O XPPKVPWEQAFLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000011180 diphosphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000272 alkali metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004687 hexahydrates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical group [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 5
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 150000007942 carboxylates Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229920005646 polycarboxylate Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 229930182556 Polyacetal Natural products 0.000 description 4
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 4
- 229920006324 polyoxymethylene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical class C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 159000000001 potassium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000004996 alkyl benzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000007844 bleaching agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 2
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 2
- HHLFWLYXYJOTON-UHFFFAOYSA-N glyoxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C=O HHLFWLYXYJOTON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YDSWCNNOKPMOTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N mellitic acid Chemical class OC(=O)C1=C(C(O)=O)C(C(O)=O)=C(C(O)=O)C(C(O)=O)=C1C(O)=O YDSWCNNOKPMOTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003871 sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O triethanolammonium Chemical class OCC[NH+](CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 2
- 239000001124 (E)-prop-1-ene-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- CIOXZGOUEYHNBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N (carboxymethoxy)succinic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)COC(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O CIOXZGOUEYHNBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VJSWLXWONORKLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4,6-trihydroxybenzene-1,3,5-trisulfonic acid Chemical compound OC1=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C(O)=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C(O)=C1S(O)(=O)=O VJSWLXWONORKLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CFPOJWPDQWJEMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(1,2-dicarboxyethoxy)butanedioic acid Chemical class OC(=O)CC(C(O)=O)OC(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O CFPOJWPDQWJEMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-fluorophenyl)-1h-imidazole Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC(C=2NC=CN=2)=C1 JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PSZAEHPBBUYICS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylidenepropanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(=C)C(O)=O PSZAEHPBBUYICS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XYJLPCAKKYOLGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phosphonoethylphosphonic acid Chemical class OP(O)(=O)CCP(O)(O)=O XYJLPCAKKYOLGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004254 Ammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bicarbonate Chemical compound OC([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical class OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical class CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- DBVJJBKOTRCVKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Etidronic acid Chemical class OP(=O)(O)C(O)(C)P(O)(O)=O DBVJJBKOTRCVKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SXKQTYJLWWQUKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.OB(O)O.OB(O)O.OB(O)O.OB(O)O Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.OB(O)O.OB(O)O.OB(O)O.OB(O)O SXKQTYJLWWQUKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorous acid Chemical class OP(O)=O ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000388 Polyphosphate Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 150000008065 acid anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940091181 aconitic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002671 adjuvant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007933 aliphatic carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZRIUUUJAJJNDSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium phosphates Chemical class [NH4+].[NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O ZRIUUUJAJJNDSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019289 ammonium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940077388 benzenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001642 boronic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003093 cationic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- GTZCVFVGUGFEME-IWQZZHSRSA-N cis-aconitic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C\C(C(O)=O)=C\C(O)=O GTZCVFVGUGFEME-IWQZZHSRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HNEGQIOMVPPMNR-IHWYPQMZSA-N citraconic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(/C)=C\C(O)=O HNEGQIOMVPPMNR-IHWYPQMZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940018557 citraconic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- JIBFYZIQZVPIBC-UHFFFAOYSA-L dipotassium;2-(carboxymethoxy)propanedioate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].OC(=O)COC(C([O-])=O)C([O-])=O JIBFYZIQZVPIBC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000010981 drying operation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960001484 edetic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001530 fumaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960002598 fumaric acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000002070 germicidal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052816 inorganic phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002563 ionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- HNEGQIOMVPPMNR-NSCUHMNNSA-N mesaconic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(/C)=C/C(O)=O HNEGQIOMVPPMNR-NSCUHMNNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005341 metaphosphate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- XJRBAMWJDBPFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl vinyl ether Chemical compound COC=C XJRBAMWJDBPFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylenebutanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(=C)C(O)=O LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HNEGQIOMVPPMNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylfumaric acid Natural products OC(=O)C(C)=CC(O)=O HNEGQIOMVPPMNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- MGFYIUFZLHCRTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrilotriacetic acid Chemical class OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O MGFYIUFZLHCRTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000643 oven drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003002 pH adjusting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005453 pelletization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002304 perfume Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003505 polymerization initiator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001205 polyphosphate Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000011176 polyphosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940071207 sesquicarbonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001509 sodium citrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K sodium citrate Chemical compound O.O.[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000019635 sulfation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005670 sulfation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006277 sulfonation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000375 suspending agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- GTZCVFVGUGFEME-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-aconitic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(C(O)=O)=CC(O)=O GTZCVFVGUGFEME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002888 zwitterionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
- C11D1/37—Mixtures of compounds all of which are anionic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D11/00—Special methods for preparing compositions containing mixtures of detergents
- C11D11/02—Preparation in the form of powder by spray drying
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
- C11D17/06—Powder; Flakes; Free-flowing mixtures; Sheets
- C11D17/065—High-density particulate detergent compositions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
- C11D3/04—Water-soluble compounds
- C11D3/08—Silicates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
- C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
- C11D1/14—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof derived from aliphatic hydrocarbons or mono-alcohols
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
- C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
- C11D1/22—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof derived from aromatic compounds
Definitions
- the present invention relates to granular detergent compositions containing a specific mixture of alkylbenzene sulfonate surfactant, alkyl sulfate surfactant, alkali metal silicate and water-soluble sulfate.
- the compositions are prepared by drying, preferably by spray-drying, an aqueous slurry comprising the above components. While the compositions preferably also contain detergent builder materials, there should be relatively little or no pyrophosphate or anhydrous Form 1 tripolyphosphate builder in that portion of the composition prepared by drying the slurry comprising the sulfonate and sulfate surfactants, silicate and sulfate.
- alkylbenzene sulfonate and alkyl sulfate surfactants are desired for optimum detergency performance. However, such mixtures tend to gel on contact with water. This can result in poor solubility of granules having high levels of alkylbenzene sulfonate and alkyl sulfate surfactants, particularly when such granules are incorporated in dense detergent compositions.
- soluble granular detergent compositions containing high levels of alkylbenzene sulfonate and alkyl sulfate surfactants can be obtained by drying an aqueous slurry comprising the surfactants, silicate in a weight ratio of surfactant to silicate within the range of from 1.5:1 to 6:1, sulfate and relatively little or no pyrophosphate or anhydrous Form 1 tripolyphosphate detergent builder material.
- these soluble detergent granules are admixed or agglomerated with builders and other optional detergent ingredients.
- compositions are obtained by admixing the soluble granules with builders, compacting the admix at relatively low pressures (e.g., 137.9 kPa to 1379 kPa and optionally admixing additional builders and other ingredients to provide finished granular detergent compositions.
- the compositions can also contain 0-20% of other surfactants such as alkylbenzene sulfonates.
- Spray-dried detergents containing mixtures of alkylbenzene sulfonate and alkyl ethoxy sulfate surfactants, silicate and builders are exemplified.
- the particles are mixed with spray-dried base granule containing about 27% of a mixture of alkylbenzene sulfonate and alkyl ethoxy sulfate surfactants, 18% silicate and about 22% sodium tripolyphosphate.
- Japanese OPI 106509 published August 21, 1979, discloses spray-dried granular detergents containing 15-40% surfactant, 5-20% silicate and no more than 12% phosphate.
- the compositions are said to have good physical properties and to cause less deposition of insolubles on clothes.
- Japanese OPI 72998 and 72999 published April 25, 1985, disclose dense granular detergents formed by high shear mixing of alkylbenzene sulfuric acid and alkyl sulfuric acid with sodium carbonate and water to cause neutralization, admixing other ingredients such as builders, and then crushing and granulating the mixture.
- This invention relates to a granular detergent composition prepared by:
- the granular detergent compositions of the present invention contain from 30% to 85%, preferably from 35% to 60%, more preferably from 40% to 50%, by weight of a mixture of C11-C13 alkylbenzene sulfonate surfactant and C12-C16 alkyl sulfate surfactant in a weight ratio of sulfonate surfactant to sulfate surfactant of from 4:1 to 1:4, preferably from 3:1 to 1:3, more preferively from 2:1 to 1:2.
- Sulfonate surfactants useful herein are the water-soluble salts, particularly the alkali metal, ammonium and alkanolammonium (e.g., monoethanolammonium or triethanolammonium) salts of alkylbenzene sulfonates in which the alkyl group contains from 11 to 13 carbon atoms, in straight chain or branched chain configuration, e.g., those of the type described in U.S. Patents 2,220,099 and 2,477,383.
- alkali metal, ammonium and alkanolammonium e.g., monoethanolammonium or triethanolammonium
- Useful alkyl sulfate surfactants are the water-soluble salts, particularly the alkali metal, ammonium and alkanolammonium (e.g., monoethanolammonium or triethanolammonium) salts of C12-C16 linear or branched alkyl sulfates. Preferred are those containing a C12-C15, especially C14-C15, linear alkyl group.
- compositions herein can also contain minor amounts (generally less than 30%, but preferably less than 15%, by weight of the above sulfonate and sulfate surfactants) of other detergent surfactants known in the art.
- minor amounts can include anionic, nonionic, cationic, ampholytic and zwitterionic surfactants, such as those disclosed in U.S. Patent 3,919,678, Laughlin, et al, issued December 30, 1975.
- compositions of the present invention also contain an alkali metal silicate having a molar ratio of SiO2 to alkali metal oxide of from 1.0 to 3.2, preferably from 1.6 to 2.4.
- the alkali metal silicates can be purchased in either liquid or granular form. Silicate solutions or slurries can conveniently be used to avoid having to dissolve the dried form in the aqueous slurry (e.g., crutcher mix) of the components herein.
- aqueous slurry e.g., crutcher mix
- the weight ratio of the alkylbenzene sulfonate plus alkyl sulfate surfactants herein to the alkali metal silicate should be from 1.5:1 to 6:1, preferably from 2:1 to 4:1, more preferably from 2.5:1 to 3.5:1.
- compositions further contain from 10% to 60%, preferably from about 20% to about 50%, by weight of a water-soluble (preferably sodium) sulfate.
- a water-soluble (preferably sodium) sulfate is usually formed during the sulfation/sulfonation and neutralization steps in the production of the alkylbenzene sulfonate and alkyl sulfate surfactants herein.
- compositions herein are prepared by drying an aqueous slurry comprising the components.
- the slurry generally contains from 25% to 70%, preferably from 40% to 60%, water, whereas the dried granules initially contain from 1% to 10%, preferably from 1% to 3%, water.
- the drying operation can be accomplished by any convenient means, such as by using spray-drying towers, both counter-current and co-current, fluid beds, flash-drying equipment, or industrial microwave or oven-drying equipment. These are more fully described in U.S. Patent 4,019,998, Benson et al, issued April 26, 1977 (particularly from Column 14, line 19 to Column 15, line 9).
- the granular detergents herein are very soluble in the wash water even though they contain high levels of alkylbenzene sulfonate and alkyl sulfate surfactants. Good solubility is obtained when the weight ratio of total sulfonate plus sulfate surfactant to silicate is within the 1.5:1 to 6:1 range specified above. While not intending to be limited by theory, it is believed that this relatively high level of silicate provides structure and helps to maintain integrity of the high surfactant granules and that this minimizes gelling when the surfactants contact the wash water.
- silicate level becomes too high (e.g., a surfactant to silicate ratio of 1:1), overall solubility can suffer due to the formation of silicate insolubles.
- granules having a surfactant to silicate ratio of, for example, 8:1 have insufficient structure and tend to be too mushy at these high surfactant levels.
- the amount of detergent pyrophosphate or anhydrous Form 1 tripolyphosphate builder material in the portion of the granular detergent obtained by drying an aqueous slurry of the essential components herein should also be minimized.
- the compositions can contain from 0% to 20%, preferably from 0% to 15%, more preferably from 0% to 10%, by weight of such detergent builder material or mixtures thereof.
- the compositions are substantially free of such detergent builder (e.g., they contain less than 5%, preferably less than 3%, by weight of such builder).
- compositions can contain up to 60% preferably from 1% to 45% by weight of other detergent builders including any of those described in U.S. Patent 3,925,262, Laughlin et al, issued December 9, 1975.
- Builders are generally selected from the various water-soluble alkali metal, ammonium or substituted ammonium phosphates, polyphosphates, phosphonates, polyphosphonates, carbonates, borates, polyhydroxy sulfonates, polyacetates, carboxylates, and polycarboxylates.
- alkali metal especially sodium, salts of the above.
- inorganic phosphate builders are sodium and potassium tripolyphosphate, (Form 11 or hydrated Form 1), polymeric metaphosphate having a degree of polymerization of from 6 to 21, and orthophosphate.
- polyphosphonate builders are the sodium and potassium salts of ethylene diphosphonic acid, the sodium and potassium salts of ethane 1-hydroxy-1,1-diphosphonic acid and the sodium and potassium salts of ethane, 1,1,2-triphosphonic acid.
- Other phosphorus builder compounds are disclosed in U.S. Patents 3,159,581; 3,213,030; 3,422,021; 3,422,137; 3,400,176; and 3,400,148.
- nonphosphorus, inorganic builders are sodium and potassium carbonate, bicarbonate, sesquicarbonate, and tetraborate decahydrate.
- Water-soluble, nonphosphorus organic builders useful herein include the various alkali metal, ammonium and substituted ammonium polyacetates, carboxylates, polycarboxylates and polyhydroxy sulfonates.
- polyacetate and polycarboxylate builders are the sodium, potassium, lithium, ammonium and substituted ammonium salts of ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid, nitrilotriacetic acid, oxydisuccinic acid, mellitic acid, benzene polycarboxylic acids, and citric acid.
- Polymeric polycarboxylate builders are also described in U.S. Patent 3,308,067, Diehl, issued March 7, 1967. Such materials include the water-soluble salts of homo- and copolymers of aliphatic carboxylic acids such as maleic acid, itaconic acid, mesaconic acid, fumaric acid, aconitic acid, citraconic acid and methylenemalonic acid.
- polyacetal carboxylates are the polyacetal carboxylates described in U.S. Patent 4,144,226, issued March 13, 1979 to Crutchfield et al, and U.S. Patent 4,246,495, issued March 27, 1979 to Crutchfield et al.
- These polyacetal carboxylates can be prepared by bringing together under polymerization conditions an ester of glyoxylic acid and a polymerization initiator. The resulting polyacetal carboxylate ester is then attached to chemically stable end groups to stabilize the polyacetal carboxylate against rapid depolymerization in alkaline solution and converted to the corresponding salt.
- a preferred phosphate builder is Form 11 sodium tripolyphosphate preferably anhydrous.
- a preferred builder for use in compositions that are substantially free of phosphate builders is sodium citrate.
- the builders herein should have the same particle size as the remainder of the composition, as described hereinafter.
- the above granular detergent compositions can be used as is as finished detergent compositions or as detergent additive compositions. However, they are preferably used as (and hereinafter referred to as) detergent base granules which are then admixed or agglomerated with builder material and with other optional ingredients to provide finished detergent compositions exhibiting good solubility.
- Such finished compositions can comprise by weight from 5% to 50%, preferably from 10% to 40%, more preferably from 12% to 25%, of the alkylbenzene sulfonate and alkyl sulfate surfactants herein and from 5% to about 95%, preferably from 10% to 85%, more preferably from 15% to 75%, of detergent builder material, such as described above.
- the amount of pyrophosphate and anhydrous Form 1 tripolyphosphate should be minimised i.e. the finished compositions preferably contain from 0% to 20% preferably from 0% to 10% of such material or mixtures thereof.
- compositions can also contain minor amounts, generally less than 30%, preferably less than 20%, by weight of other ingredients usually included in detergent compositions.
- auxiliary detergent surfactants color speckles, bleaching agents, and bleach activators, suds boosters or suds suppressors, antitarnish and anticorrosion agents, soil suspending agents, soil release agents, dyes, fillers, optical brighteners, germicides, pH adjusting agents, nonbuilder alkalinity sources, enzymes, enzyme-stabilizing agents and perfumes.
- Agglomeration can be accomplished by agitating in the presence of a suitable binder (e.g., in a fluidized bed, tumble mixer, or a rotating drum or pan) or by mechanically mixing under pressure (e.g., extruding, pressing, milling, compacting or pelletizing). Final sizing can then be achieved by grinding and screening.
- a suitable binder e.g., in a fluidized bed, tumble mixer, or a rotating drum or pan
- pressure e.g., extruding, pressing, milling, compacting or pelletizing
- the detergent base granules are admixed with from 0% to 300%, preferably from 25% to 200%, more preferably from 50% to 150%, by weight of the base granules, of a detergent builder material such as described above.
- the resulting admix is then preferably compacted at a relatively low pressure of from 137.9 to 1379 preferably from 275.8 to 1034 more preferably from 344.8 to 689.4 kilo Pascals (kPa).
- the composition is then preferably admixed with an additional 0% to 300%, preferably from 25% to 200%, more preferably from 50% to 150%, by weight of the base granules, of a detergent builder material.
- the above levels and types of builder material and compaction pressure are preferably selected so that the final detergent composition has a bulk density of from 0.55 to 1.2, preferably from 0.65 to 1.1, more preferably from 0.70 to 0.9 g/cc and an average particle size of from 20 to 1500 microns, preferably from 50 to 1200 microns, more preferably from 100 to 800 microns.
- the above compaction step is preferably accomplished by using equipment that applies a relatively uniform compaction pressure, for example, by using compaction rollers with smooth (i.e., noncorrugated) surfaces.
- the composition is preferably granulated and screened to provide an average particle size similar to that desired for the final composition.
- the following granular detergent composition was prepared.
- the base granules were produced by spray-drying an aqueous crutcher mix of the components on a 305 cm tower using a crutcher temperature of 93°C a size 3-1/2 nozzle to make fine granules, and silicone deaeratants. If the base granules contained more than 2% moisture, a second drying stage on a continuous fluid bed was performed to reduce moisture to 2%.
- the base granules were then admixed with powdered STP hexahydrate to form the preblend.
- the preblend was compacted at 344.8 kPa roll pressure on a 10 cm by 25 cm chilsonator, and screened to select a -14(1168 microns)/+65(208 microns) particle size cut (Tyler mesh).
- Oversized particles were collected and granulated on a Fitzmill using a 1168 microns screen and low rpm's. This was screened to select a -20(833 microns)/+48(295 microns) particle size cut. Both materials were dedusted by blowing off fines in a fluid bed dryer using ambient air.
- the admix was prepared at 181.5 kg per batch in a drum mixer. Carbonate, granular STP (with dye sprayed-on), brightener, enzymes, and suds supressor prills were blended with the compacted mainstream product cut and regranulated overs. The ratio of mainstream product cut to overs was 7 to 1. Mineral oil was sprayed on the final admix in 13.6 to 18.1 kg batches at a 1% level using a Forberg Mixer.
- Example 1 is preferably incorporated into a laminated laundry product formed from two plies of water insoluble tissues, at least one of which is water permeable, which are laminated together. At least one of the plies has cup like depressions, surrounded by rims and the other ply being attached to the first ply at the rim to physically separate the cups.
- the laminate is made with plies of the tissue paper described by Trokhan in U.S. Patent 4,529,480, issued July 16, 1985.
- the tissue had good air permeability as set forth in U.S. Patent 4,170,565, Flesher et al, issued October 9, 1979.
- Example 1 When the composition of Example 1 is incorporated in said laminated laundry product, it exhibits superior solubility.
- the following granular detergent composition can be prepared and used according to Example I.
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Abstract
Description
- The present invention relates to granular detergent compositions containing a specific mixture of alkylbenzene sulfonate surfactant, alkyl sulfate surfactant, alkali metal silicate and water-soluble sulfate. The compositions are prepared by drying, preferably by spray-drying, an aqueous slurry comprising the above components. While the compositions preferably also contain detergent builder materials, there should be relatively little or no pyrophosphate or anhydrous Form 1 tripolyphosphate builder in that portion of the composition prepared by drying the slurry comprising the sulfonate and sulfate surfactants, silicate and sulfate.
- Mixtures of alkylbenzene sulfonate and alkyl sulfate surfactants are desired for optimum detergency performance. However, such mixtures tend to gel on contact with water. This can result in poor solubility of granules having high levels of alkylbenzene sulfonate and alkyl sulfate surfactants, particularly when such granules are incorporated in dense detergent compositions.
- It has now been found that very soluble granular detergent compositions containing high levels of alkylbenzene sulfonate and alkyl sulfate surfactants can be obtained by drying an aqueous slurry comprising the surfactants, silicate in a weight ratio of surfactant to silicate within the range of from 1.5:1 to 6:1, sulfate and relatively little or no pyrophosphate or anhydrous Form 1 tripolyphosphate detergent builder material. In preferred compositions, these soluble detergent granules are admixed or agglomerated with builders and other optional detergent ingredients. Particularly preferred compositions are obtained by admixing the soluble granules with builders, compacting the admix at relatively low pressures (e.g., 137.9 kPa to 1379 kPa and optionally admixing additional builders and other ingredients to provide finished granular detergent compositions.
- U.S. Patent 4,028,283, Murata et al, issued June 7, 1977, discloses granular detergents containing surfactants having a tendency to cake and an anticaking agent formed by reacting polyethylene glycol with an acid anhydride. The compositions can also contain 0-20% of other surfactants such as alkylbenzene sulfonates. Spray-dried detergents containing mixtures of alkylbenzene sulfonate and alkyl ethoxy sulfate surfactants, silicate and builders are exemplified.
- U.S. Patent 4,141,841, McDonald, issued February 27, 1979, discloses granular detergents containing particulate antistatic/softening additives. In Example 8, the particles are mixed with spray-dried base granule containing about 27% of a mixture of alkylbenzene sulfonate and alkyl ethoxy sulfate surfactants, 18% silicate and about 22% sodium tripolyphosphate.
- Japanese OPI 106509, published August 21, 1979, discloses spray-dried granular detergents containing 15-40% surfactant, 5-20% silicate and no more than 12% phosphate. The compositions are said to have good physical properties and to cause less deposition of insolubles on clothes.
- Japanese OPI 72998 and 72999, published April 25, 1985, disclose dense granular detergents formed by high shear mixing of alkylbenzene sulfuric acid and alkyl sulfuric acid with sodium carbonate and water to cause neutralization, admixing other ingredients such as builders, and then crushing and granulating the mixture.
- This invention relates to a granular detergent composition prepared by:
- (1) forming base granules comprising, by weight:
- (a) from 30% to 85% of a mixture of a C₁₁-C₁₃ alkylbenzene sulfonate surfactant and a C₁₂-C₁₆ alkyl sulfate surfactant in a weight ratio of sulfonate surfactant to sulfate surfactant of from 4:1 to 1:4;
- (b) an alkali metal silicate having a molar ratio of SiO₂ to alkali metal oxide of from 1.0 to 3.2;
the weight ratio of (a) to (b) being from 1.5:1 to 6:1; - (c) from 10% to 60% of a water-soluble sulfate; and
- (d) from 0% to 20% of a pyrophosphate or anhydrous Form l tripolyphosphate detergent builder material or mixtures thereof; said base granules prepared by drying an aqueous slurry comprising the above components;
- (2) admixing said base granules with from 0% to 300%, by weight of the base granules, of a detergent builder material;
- (3) compacting said admix at a pressure of from 137.9 to 1379 kPa;
- (4) granulating the resulting compacted admix; and
- (5) admixing an additional 0% to 300%, by weight of the base granules, of a detergent builder material;
said composition having a bulk density of from 0.55 to 1.2 g/cc and an average particle size of from 20 to 1500 microns. - The granular detergent compositions of the present invention contain from 30% to 85%, preferably from 35% to 60%, more preferably from 40% to 50%, by weight of a mixture of C₁₁-C₁₃ alkylbenzene sulfonate surfactant and C₁₂-C₁₆ alkyl sulfate surfactant in a weight ratio of sulfonate surfactant to sulfate surfactant of from 4:1 to 1:4, preferably from 3:1 to 1:3, more preferably from 2:1 to 1:2.
- Sulfonate surfactants useful herein are the water-soluble salts, particularly the alkali metal, ammonium and alkanolammonium (e.g., monoethanolammonium or triethanolammonium) salts of alkylbenzene sulfonates in which the alkyl group contains from 11 to 13 carbon atoms, in straight chain or branched chain configuration, e.g., those of the type described in U.S. Patents 2,220,099 and 2,477,383.
- Preferred are linear straight chain alkylbenzene sulfonates in which the average number of carbon atoms in the alkyl group is from 12 to 13.
- Useful alkyl sulfate surfactants are the water-soluble salts, particularly the alkali metal, ammonium and alkanolammonium (e.g., monoethanolammonium or triethanolammonium) salts of C₁₂-C₁₆ linear or branched alkyl sulfates. Preferred are those containing a C₁₂-C₁₅, especially C₁₄-C₁₅, linear alkyl group.
- The compositions herein can also contain minor amounts (generally less than 30%, but preferably less than 15%, by weight of the above sulfonate and sulfate surfactants) of other detergent surfactants known in the art. These can include anionic, nonionic, cationic, ampholytic and zwitterionic surfactants, such as those disclosed in U.S. Patent 3,919,678, Laughlin, et al, issued December 30, 1975.
- The compositions of the present invention also contain an alkali metal silicate having a molar ratio of SiO₂ to alkali metal oxide of from 1.0 to 3.2, preferably from 1.6 to 2.4. Sodium silicate, particularly having a molar ratio of from 1.6 to 2.2, is preferred.
- The alkali metal silicates can be purchased in either liquid or granular form. Silicate solutions or slurries can conveniently be used to avoid having to dissolve the dried form in the aqueous slurry (e.g., crutcher mix) of the components herein.
- In addition, the weight ratio of the alkylbenzene sulfonate plus alkyl sulfate surfactants herein to the alkali metal silicate should be from 1.5:1 to 6:1, preferably from 2:1 to 4:1, more preferably from 2.5:1 to 3.5:1.
- The present compositions further contain from 10% to 60%, preferably from about 20% to about 50%, by weight of a water-soluble (preferably sodium) sulfate. Sodium sulfate is usually formed during the sulfation/sulfonation and neutralization steps in the production of the alkylbenzene sulfonate and alkyl sulfate surfactants herein.
- The compositions herein are prepared by drying an aqueous slurry comprising the components. The slurry generally contains from 25% to 70%, preferably from 40% to 60%, water, whereas the dried granules initially contain from 1% to 10%, preferably from 1% to 3%, water. The drying operation can be accomplished by any convenient means, such as by using spray-drying towers, both counter-current and co-current, fluid beds, flash-drying equipment, or industrial microwave or oven-drying equipment. These are more fully described in U.S. Patent 4,019,998, Benson et al, issued April 26, 1977 (particularly from Column 14, line 19 to Column 15, line 9).
- The granular detergents herein are very soluble in the wash water even though they contain high levels of alkylbenzene sulfonate and alkyl sulfate surfactants. Good solubility is obtained when the weight ratio of total sulfonate plus sulfate surfactant to silicate is within the 1.5:1 to 6:1 range specified above. While not intending to be limited by theory, it is believed that this relatively high level of silicate provides structure and helps to maintain integrity of the high surfactant granules and that this minimizes gelling when the surfactants contact the wash water. However, if the silicate level becomes too high (e.g., a surfactant to silicate ratio of 1:1), overall solubility can suffer due to the formation of silicate insolubles. On the other hand, granules having a surfactant to silicate ratio of, for example, 8:1, have insufficient structure and tend to be too mushy at these high surfactant levels.
- For good solubility, the amount of detergent pyrophosphate or anhydrous Form 1 tripolyphosphate builder material in the portion of the granular detergent obtained by drying an aqueous slurry of the essential components herein should also be minimized. Thus the compositions can contain from 0% to 20%, preferably from 0% to 15%, more preferably from 0% to 10%, by weight of such detergent builder material or mixtures thereof. Most preferably, the compositions are substantially free of such detergent builder (e.g., they contain less than 5%, preferably less than 3%, by weight of such builder).
- The compositions can contain up to 60% preferably from 1% to 45% by weight of other detergent builders including any of those described in U.S. Patent 3,925,262, Laughlin et al, issued December 9, 1975. Builders are generally selected from the various water-soluble alkali metal, ammonium or substituted ammonium phosphates, polyphosphates, phosphonates, polyphosphonates, carbonates, borates, polyhydroxy sulfonates, polyacetates, carboxylates, and polycarboxylates. Preferred are the alkali metal, especially sodium, salts of the above.
- Specific examples of inorganic phosphate builders are sodium and potassium tripolyphosphate, (Form 11 or hydrated Form 1), polymeric metaphosphate having a degree of polymerization of from 6 to 21, and orthophosphate. Examples of polyphosphonate builders are the sodium and potassium salts of ethylene diphosphonic acid, the sodium and potassium salts of ethane 1-hydroxy-1,1-diphosphonic acid and the sodium and potassium salts of ethane, 1,1,2-triphosphonic acid. Other phosphorus builder compounds are disclosed in U.S. Patents 3,159,581; 3,213,030; 3,422,021; 3,422,137; 3,400,176; and 3,400,148.
- Examples of nonphosphorus, inorganic builders are sodium and potassium carbonate, bicarbonate, sesquicarbonate, and tetraborate decahydrate.
- Water-soluble, nonphosphorus organic builders useful herein include the various alkali metal, ammonium and substituted ammonium polyacetates, carboxylates, polycarboxylates and polyhydroxy sulfonates. Examples of polyacetate and polycarboxylate builders are the sodium, potassium, lithium, ammonium and substituted ammonium salts of ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid, nitrilotriacetic acid, oxydisuccinic acid, mellitic acid, benzene polycarboxylic acids, and citric acid.
- Polymeric polycarboxylate builders are also described in U.S. Patent 3,308,067, Diehl, issued March 7, 1967. Such materials include the water-soluble salts of homo- and copolymers of aliphatic carboxylic acids such as maleic acid, itaconic acid, mesaconic acid, fumaric acid, aconitic acid, citraconic acid and methylenemalonic acid.
- Other useful builders herein are sodium and potassium carboxymethyloxymalonate, carboxymethyloxysuccinate, cis-cyclohexanehexacarboxylate, cis-cyclopentanetetracarboxylate, phloroglucinol trisulfonate, and the copolymers of maleic anhydride with vinyl methyl ether or ethylene.
- Other suitable polycarboxylates are the polyacetal carboxylates described in U.S. Patent 4,144,226, issued March 13, 1979 to Crutchfield et al, and U.S. Patent 4,246,495, issued March 27, 1979 to Crutchfield et al. These polyacetal carboxylates can be prepared by bringing together under polymerization conditions an ester of glyoxylic acid and a polymerization initiator. The resulting polyacetal carboxylate ester is then attached to chemically stable end groups to stabilize the polyacetal carboxylate against rapid depolymerization in alkaline solution and converted to the corresponding salt.
- A preferred phosphate builder is Form 11 sodium tripolyphosphate preferably anhydrous. A preferred builder for use in compositions that are substantially free of phosphate builders is sodium citrate.
- When admixed, the builders herein should have the same particle size as the remainder of the composition, as described hereinafter.
- The above granular detergent compositions can be used as is as finished detergent compositions or as detergent additive compositions. However, they are preferably used as (and hereinafter referred to as) detergent base granules which are then admixed or agglomerated with builder material and with other optional ingredients to provide finished detergent compositions exhibiting good solubility. Such finished compositions can comprise by weight from 5% to 50%, preferably from 10% to 40%, more preferably from 12% to 25%, of the alkylbenzene sulfonate and alkyl sulfate surfactants herein and from 5% to about 95%, preferably from 10% to 85%, more preferably from 15% to 75%, of detergent builder material, such as described above. However, for best solubility, the amount of pyrophosphate and anhydrous Form 1 tripolyphosphate should be minimised i.e. the finished compositions preferably contain from 0% to 20% preferably from 0% to 10% of such material or mixtures thereof.
- The compositions can also contain minor amounts, generally less than 30%, preferably less than 20%, by weight of other ingredients usually included in detergent compositions. These include auxiliary detergent surfactants, color speckles, bleaching agents, and bleach activators, suds boosters or suds suppressors, antitarnish and anticorrosion agents, soil suspending agents, soil release agents, dyes, fillers, optical brighteners, germicides, pH adjusting agents, nonbuilder alkalinity sources, enzymes, enzyme-stabilizing agents and perfumes.
- Agglomeration can be accomplished by agitating in the presence of a suitable binder (e.g., in a fluidized bed, tumble mixer, or a rotating drum or pan) or by mechanically mixing under pressure (e.g., extruding, pressing, milling, compacting or pelletizing). Final sizing can then be achieved by grinding and screening.
- In the present invention the detergent base granules are admixed with from 0% to 300%, preferably from 25% to 200%, more preferably from 50% to 150%, by weight of the base granules, of a detergent builder material such as described above. The resulting admix is then preferably compacted at a relatively low pressure of from 137.9 to 1379 preferably from 275.8 to 1034 more preferably from 344.8 to 689.4 kilo Pascals (kPa).
- The composition is then preferably admixed with an additional 0% to 300%, preferably from 25% to 200%, more preferably from 50% to 150%, by weight of the base granules, of a detergent builder material. The above levels and types of builder material and compaction pressure are preferably selected so that the final detergent composition has a bulk density of from 0.55 to 1.2, preferably from 0.65 to 1.1, more preferably from 0.70 to 0.9 g/cc and an average particle size of from 20 to 1500 microns, preferably from 50 to 1200 microns, more preferably from 100 to 800 microns.
- The above compaction step is preferably accomplished by using equipment that applies a relatively uniform compaction pressure, for example, by using compaction rollers with smooth (i.e., noncorrugated) surfaces. After compaction, the composition is preferably granulated and screened to provide an average particle size similar to that desired for the final composition.
- The following nonlimiting examples illustrate the detergent compositions of the present invention.
- All percentages, parts and ratios are by weight unless otherwise specified.
-
- The base granules were produced by spray-drying an aqueous crutcher mix of the components on a 305 cm tower using a crutcher temperature of 93°C a size 3-1/2 nozzle to make fine granules, and silicone deaeratants. If the base granules contained more than 2% moisture, a second drying stage on a continuous fluid bed was performed to reduce moisture to 2%.
- The base granules were then admixed with powdered STP hexahydrate to form the preblend. The preblend was compacted at 344.8 kPa roll pressure on a 10 cm by 25 cm chilsonator, and screened to select a -14(1168 microns)/+65(208 microns) particle size cut (Tyler mesh). Oversized particles were collected and granulated on a Fitzmill using a 1168 microns screen and low rpm's. This was screened to select a -20(833 microns)/+48(295 microns) particle size cut. Both materials were dedusted by blowing off fines in a fluid bed dryer using ambient air.
- The admix was prepared at 181.5 kg per batch in a drum mixer. Carbonate, granular STP (with dye sprayed-on), brightener, enzymes, and suds supressor prills were blended with the compacted mainstream product cut and regranulated overs. The ratio of mainstream product cut to overs was 7 to 1. Mineral oil was sprayed on the final admix in 13.6 to 18.1 kg batches at a 1% level using a Forberg Mixer.
- The composition of Example 1 is preferably incorporated into a laminated laundry product formed from two plies of water insoluble tissues, at least one of which is water permeable, which are laminated together. At least one of the plies has cup like depressions, surrounded by rims and the other ply being attached to the first ply at the rim to physically separate the cups. In one embodiment the laminate is made with plies of the tissue paper described by Trokhan in U.S. Patent 4,529,480, issued July 16, 1985.
- The tissue had good air permeability as set forth in U.S. Patent 4,170,565, Flesher et al, issued October 9, 1979.
- There are 12 cups, having 20 cc capacity each and at least 8 of the cups are filled with about 9 gm (11 cc) of the detergent composition and the other cups are filled with at least one detergent adjuvant. Other materials which can be used to form suitable laminates and processes for forming suitable laminates are disclosed in Bahrani US Patent No. 4571924 and European Patent Application Publication No. 0184261.
- When the composition of Example 1 is incorporated in said laminated laundry product, it exhibits superior solubility.
-
Claims (11)
(a) from 30% to 85% of a mixture of a C₁₁-C₁₃ alkylbenzene sulfonate surfactant and a C₁₂-C₁₆ alkyl sulfate surfactant in a weight ratio of sulfonate surfactant to sulfate surfactant of from 4:1 to 1:4;
(b) an alkali metal silicate having a molar ratio of SiO₂ to alkali metal oxide of from 1.0 to 3.2;
the weight ratio of (a) to (b) being from 1.5:1 to 6:1;
(c) from 10% to 60% of a water-soluble sulfate; and
(d) from 0% to 20% of a pyrophosphate or anhydrous Form 1 tripolyphosphate material or mixtures thereof;
said base granules being prepared by drying an aqueous slurry comprising the above components;
said composition having a bulk density of from 0.55 to 1.2 g/cc and an average particle size of from 20 to 1500 micrometers.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US78593385A | 1985-10-09 | 1985-10-09 | |
US785933 | 1985-10-09 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP0220024A2 true EP0220024A2 (en) | 1987-04-29 |
EP0220024A3 EP0220024A3 (en) | 1988-11-09 |
EP0220024B1 EP0220024B1 (en) | 1993-08-04 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP19860307798 Expired - Lifetime EP0220024B1 (en) | 1985-10-09 | 1986-10-09 | Granular detergent compositions having improved solubility |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
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EP (1) | EP0220024B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPH07116476B2 (en) |
AU (1) | AU582519B2 (en) |
CA (1) | CA1275019A (en) |
DE (1) | DE3688821T2 (en) |
NZ (1) | NZ217877A (en) |
Cited By (29)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3624336A1 (en) * | 1986-07-18 | 1988-01-28 | Henkel Kgaa | METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION OF GIANT ALKALINE CLEANING AGENTS BY COMPACTING GRANULATION |
GB2217340A (en) * | 1988-04-14 | 1989-10-25 | Unilever Plc | Preparation of a granular detergent composition |
EP0342043A2 (en) * | 1988-05-13 | 1989-11-15 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Granular laundry compositions |
EP0349200A2 (en) * | 1988-06-29 | 1990-01-03 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Process for making concentrated surfactant granules |
EP0349201A2 (en) * | 1988-06-29 | 1990-01-03 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Detergent granules from cold dough using fine dispersion granulation |
US5030379A (en) * | 1988-05-06 | 1991-07-09 | Lever Brothers Company, Division Of Conopco, Inc. | Process for preparing high bulk density detergent powders admixed with zeolite and coated with nonionic surfactant |
EP0456315A2 (en) * | 1990-05-08 | 1991-11-13 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Low pH granular laundry detergent compositions containing aluminosilicate citric acid and carbonate builders |
US5133924A (en) * | 1988-11-02 | 1992-07-28 | Lever Brothers Company | Process for preparing a high bulk density granular detergent composition |
EP0513824A2 (en) * | 1991-05-17 | 1992-11-19 | Kao Corporation | Process for producing nonionic detergent granules |
EP0534525A2 (en) * | 1991-09-27 | 1993-03-31 | Unilever N.V. | Detergent powders and process for preparing them |
US5298183A (en) * | 1990-06-06 | 1994-03-29 | Lever Brothers Company, Division Of Conopco, Inc. | Soap powder compositions |
US5324455A (en) * | 1989-12-04 | 1994-06-28 | Lever Brothers Company, Division Of Conopco, Inc. | Process for preparing a high bulk density detergent composition having improved dispensing properties |
WO1995020035A1 (en) * | 1994-01-19 | 1995-07-27 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Process for producing a high density detergent composition having improved solubility by agglomeration of anionic surfactants and an agglomerating agent |
WO1996029390A1 (en) * | 1995-03-18 | 1996-09-26 | Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien | Powdered to granular washing or cleaning agent |
US5587104A (en) * | 1991-01-08 | 1996-12-24 | Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien | Readily soluble dry concentrates containing ingredients of detergents |
EP0753571A1 (en) | 1995-07-10 | 1997-01-15 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Process for making granular detergent composition |
WO1998054287A1 (en) * | 1997-05-30 | 1998-12-03 | Unilever Plc | Phosphate-built detergent compositions |
WO1999036503A1 (en) * | 1998-01-13 | 1999-07-22 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Granular compositions having improved dissolution |
WO2000018856A1 (en) * | 1998-09-25 | 2000-04-06 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Detergent granules |
US6069124A (en) * | 1997-05-30 | 2000-05-30 | Lever Brothers Company Division Of Conopco, Inc. | Granular detergent compositions and their production |
WO2000037595A1 (en) * | 1998-12-19 | 2000-06-29 | Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien | Compactate with a silicate builder |
US6191095B1 (en) | 1997-05-30 | 2001-02-20 | Lever Brothers Company, A Division Of Conopco, Inc. | Detergent compositions |
US6221831B1 (en) | 1997-05-30 | 2001-04-24 | Lever Brothers Company, Division Of Conopco, Inc. | Free flowing detergent composition containing high levels of surfactant |
US6294512B1 (en) | 1998-01-13 | 2001-09-25 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Granular compositions having improved dissolution |
US6303558B1 (en) | 1997-05-30 | 2001-10-16 | Lever Brothers Co., Division Of Conopco | Detergent composition containing at least two granular components |
EP0741776B2 (en) † | 1994-01-25 | 2001-10-24 | Unilever N.V. | Process for the preparation of detergent tablets |
US6747000B2 (en) * | 2000-05-05 | 2004-06-08 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Process for making solid cleaning components |
WO2005105976A1 (en) * | 2004-05-05 | 2005-11-10 | Unilever Plc | Detergent composition |
WO2009115380A1 (en) * | 2008-03-19 | 2009-09-24 | Henkel Ag & Co. Kgaa | Spray-dried washing or cleaning products |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB8607388D0 (en) * | 1986-03-25 | 1986-04-30 | Unilever Plc | Activator compositions |
GB9012612D0 (en) * | 1990-06-06 | 1990-07-25 | Unilever Plc | Detergents compositions |
JP3604623B2 (en) | 2000-10-23 | 2004-12-22 | 花王株式会社 | Method for producing anionic surfactant powder |
KR101520121B1 (en) * | 2007-07-03 | 2015-05-18 | 바스프 에스이 | Process for producing a free-flowing and storage-stable solid comprising essentially alpha-alanine-n,n-diacetic acid and/or one or more derivatives of alpha-alanine-n,n-diacetic acid |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0084657A1 (en) * | 1981-12-28 | 1983-08-03 | Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft auf Aktien | High foaming granular spray-dried washing agent with enhanced granulate stability and process for its fabrication |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GR81618B (en) * | 1983-06-15 | 1984-12-11 | Procter & Gamble | |
JPS6157700A (en) * | 1984-08-29 | 1986-03-24 | 花王株式会社 | Unit pack detergent product using water-soluble film |
JPS6164798A (en) * | 1984-09-05 | 1986-04-03 | 花王株式会社 | Production of high density detergent improved in flowability |
CA1337041C (en) * | 1985-10-09 | 1995-09-19 | Brett Alan Evans | Granular detergent compositions having improved solubility |
US6110665A (en) * | 1995-02-14 | 2000-08-29 | University Of Kentucky Research Foundation | Sarcocystis neuronadiagnostic primer and its use in methods of equine protozoal myeloencephalitis diagnosis |
-
1986
- 1986-10-08 AU AU63597/86A patent/AU582519B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1986-10-08 CA CA000520140A patent/CA1275019A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1986-10-09 DE DE19863688821 patent/DE3688821T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1986-10-09 NZ NZ21787786A patent/NZ217877A/en unknown
- 1986-10-09 EP EP19860307798 patent/EP0220024B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1986-10-09 JP JP61241128A patent/JPH07116476B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0084657A1 (en) * | 1981-12-28 | 1983-08-03 | Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft auf Aktien | High foaming granular spray-dried washing agent with enhanced granulate stability and process for its fabrication |
Cited By (38)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3624336A1 (en) * | 1986-07-18 | 1988-01-28 | Henkel Kgaa | METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION OF GIANT ALKALINE CLEANING AGENTS BY COMPACTING GRANULATION |
GB2217340A (en) * | 1988-04-14 | 1989-10-25 | Unilever Plc | Preparation of a granular detergent composition |
US5030379A (en) * | 1988-05-06 | 1991-07-09 | Lever Brothers Company, Division Of Conopco, Inc. | Process for preparing high bulk density detergent powders admixed with zeolite and coated with nonionic surfactant |
EP0342043A3 (en) * | 1988-05-13 | 1990-10-24 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Granular laundry compositions |
EP0342043A2 (en) * | 1988-05-13 | 1989-11-15 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Granular laundry compositions |
EP0349200A2 (en) * | 1988-06-29 | 1990-01-03 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Process for making concentrated surfactant granules |
EP0349201A2 (en) * | 1988-06-29 | 1990-01-03 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Detergent granules from cold dough using fine dispersion granulation |
EP0349200B1 (en) * | 1988-06-29 | 1995-09-27 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Process for making concentrated surfactant granules |
EP0349201B1 (en) * | 1988-06-29 | 1995-09-27 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Detergent granules from cold dough using fine dispersion granulation |
US5133924A (en) * | 1988-11-02 | 1992-07-28 | Lever Brothers Company | Process for preparing a high bulk density granular detergent composition |
US5324455A (en) * | 1989-12-04 | 1994-06-28 | Lever Brothers Company, Division Of Conopco, Inc. | Process for preparing a high bulk density detergent composition having improved dispensing properties |
EP0456315A2 (en) * | 1990-05-08 | 1991-11-13 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Low pH granular laundry detergent compositions containing aluminosilicate citric acid and carbonate builders |
EP0456315A3 (en) * | 1990-05-08 | 1992-02-05 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Low ph granular laundry detergent compositions containing aluminosilicate citric acid and carbonate builders |
US5298183A (en) * | 1990-06-06 | 1994-03-29 | Lever Brothers Company, Division Of Conopco, Inc. | Soap powder compositions |
US5587104A (en) * | 1991-01-08 | 1996-12-24 | Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien | Readily soluble dry concentrates containing ingredients of detergents |
US5468516A (en) * | 1991-05-17 | 1995-11-21 | Kao Corporation | Process for producing nonionic detergent granules |
EP0513824A3 (en) * | 1991-05-17 | 1995-03-08 | Kao Corp | |
EP0513824A2 (en) * | 1991-05-17 | 1992-11-19 | Kao Corporation | Process for producing nonionic detergent granules |
EP0534525A2 (en) * | 1991-09-27 | 1993-03-31 | Unilever N.V. | Detergent powders and process for preparing them |
WO1995020035A1 (en) * | 1994-01-19 | 1995-07-27 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Process for producing a high density detergent composition having improved solubility by agglomeration of anionic surfactants and an agglomerating agent |
EP0741776B2 (en) † | 1994-01-25 | 2001-10-24 | Unilever N.V. | Process for the preparation of detergent tablets |
WO1996029390A1 (en) * | 1995-03-18 | 1996-09-26 | Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien | Powdered to granular washing or cleaning agent |
EP0753571A1 (en) | 1995-07-10 | 1997-01-15 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Process for making granular detergent composition |
US6303558B1 (en) | 1997-05-30 | 2001-10-16 | Lever Brothers Co., Division Of Conopco | Detergent composition containing at least two granular components |
US6221831B1 (en) | 1997-05-30 | 2001-04-24 | Lever Brothers Company, Division Of Conopco, Inc. | Free flowing detergent composition containing high levels of surfactant |
US6069124A (en) * | 1997-05-30 | 2000-05-30 | Lever Brothers Company Division Of Conopco, Inc. | Granular detergent compositions and their production |
WO1998054287A1 (en) * | 1997-05-30 | 1998-12-03 | Unilever Plc | Phosphate-built detergent compositions |
US6191095B1 (en) | 1997-05-30 | 2001-02-20 | Lever Brothers Company, A Division Of Conopco, Inc. | Detergent compositions |
AU730912B2 (en) * | 1997-05-30 | 2001-03-22 | Unilever Plc | Phosphate-built detergent compositions |
US6294512B1 (en) | 1998-01-13 | 2001-09-25 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Granular compositions having improved dissolution |
WO1999036503A1 (en) * | 1998-01-13 | 1999-07-22 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Granular compositions having improved dissolution |
WO2000018856A1 (en) * | 1998-09-25 | 2000-04-06 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Detergent granules |
US6635610B1 (en) | 1998-09-25 | 2003-10-21 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Detergent granules |
WO2000037595A1 (en) * | 1998-12-19 | 2000-06-29 | Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien | Compactate with a silicate builder |
US6747000B2 (en) * | 2000-05-05 | 2004-06-08 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Process for making solid cleaning components |
WO2005105976A1 (en) * | 2004-05-05 | 2005-11-10 | Unilever Plc | Detergent composition |
WO2009115380A1 (en) * | 2008-03-19 | 2009-09-24 | Henkel Ag & Co. Kgaa | Spray-dried washing or cleaning products |
EP2787064A3 (en) * | 2008-03-19 | 2014-10-15 | Henkel AG&Co. KGAA | Spray-dried washing or cleaning agent |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
NZ217877A (en) | 1989-10-27 |
EP0220024A3 (en) | 1988-11-09 |
DE3688821T2 (en) | 1994-03-10 |
CA1275019A (en) | 1990-10-09 |
DE3688821D1 (en) | 1993-09-09 |
AU6359786A (en) | 1987-04-16 |
JPH07116476B2 (en) | 1995-12-13 |
JPS62169900A (en) | 1987-07-27 |
EP0220024B1 (en) | 1993-08-04 |
AU582519B2 (en) | 1989-03-23 |
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