EP0212026A1 - Improved emergency descent device - Google Patents
Improved emergency descent device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0212026A1 EP0212026A1 EP85306026A EP85306026A EP0212026A1 EP 0212026 A1 EP0212026 A1 EP 0212026A1 EP 85306026 A EP85306026 A EP 85306026A EP 85306026 A EP85306026 A EP 85306026A EP 0212026 A1 EP0212026 A1 EP 0212026A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- vane
- fluid
- descent device
- rotation
- teeth
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
- A62B1/00—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like
- A62B1/06—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like by making use of rope-lowering devices
- A62B1/08—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like by making use of rope-lowering devices with brake mechanisms for the winches or pulleys
- A62B1/12—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like by making use of rope-lowering devices with brake mechanisms for the winches or pulleys hydraulically operated
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66D—CAPSTANS; WINCHES; TACKLES, e.g. PULLEY BLOCKS; HOISTS
- B66D5/00—Braking or detent devices characterised by application to lifting or hoisting gear, e.g. for controlling the lowering of loads
- B66D5/02—Crane, lift hoist, or winch brakes operating on drums, barrels, or ropes
- B66D5/04—Crane, lift hoist, or winch brakes operating on drums, barrels, or ropes actuated by centrifugal force
Definitions
- This invention relates to an emergency descent device and particularly to one having a fluid rotation-retarding device for controlling the rate of the descent.
- An object of the invention is to provide an emergency descent device with a simplified construction and a self-adjusting fluid rotation-retarding means.
- Another object of the invention is to provide an emergency descent device with an improved mounting means by which the device can be mounted easily and firmly on any desired structure.
- an emergency descent device comprising a rotating spool on which is wound a cable to hold a person or a load, and a rotation-retarding means for controlling the rotation of the spool.
- the retarding means includes a fluid-filled chamber, a plurality of vane members mounted for rotation in the chamber, each of the vane members having a vane shell receiving a vane core which is normally biassed in a radially inward direction.
- the vane core is capable of extending outward from the vane shell by a centrifugal force to provide more vane surface to act on the fluid.
- a gear assembly is further provided which transmits the motion of the spool to the vane members with a high speed ratio.
- the mounting means of the descent device is in the form of a hook and includes a horizontal portion and a vertically, downwardly extending portion.
- the horizontal portion is extensible and the vertically extending portion is provided with engaging teeth to provide an effective engagement with the surface of the structure on which the descent device is mounted.
- a body 1 a fluid retarding unit 2, a gear assembly 3 and a mounting means 4.
- a reversed L-shaped bracket 11 On one side of the body 1 are provided a reversed L-shaped bracket 11 with a dividing plate 111 which is projected from the upper side of the body 1.
- two chambers 12 and 13 Inside the body 1 are provided two chambers 12 and 13.
- the fluid retarding unit 2 includes a driven shaft 21 mounted in the chamber 12. One end of the shaft 21 is extended into the chamber 13 and on the portion of the shaft 21 which is within the chamber 12 is mounted three vane shells 23 for housing three vane cores 22 respectively.
- the rear ends of the vane cores 22 are connected to the shaft 21 by means of three springs 24 which have their ends affixed to the shaft 21 and to the rear ends of the vane cores 22 respectively.
- the vane cores 22 can be extended outwardly of the vane shell 23 by a centrifugal force and then retracted into the vane shell 23 when the centrifugal force disappears.
- annular groove 121 in the wall of the chamber 12 into which the vane cores 22 will be extended when the shaft 21 is rotated.
- the chamber 12 is filled with a fluid such as brake oil, lubricating oil etc.
- a shaft 31 having its ends journalled in the bracket 11 and in a wall of the body 1 with bearing assemblies.
- the intermediate portion of the shaft 31 is passed through a bearing assembly provided in the dividing plate 111.
- Two cables 34 and 35 are separately wound on the spools mounted on the shaft 31 on two sides of the dividing plate 11.
- the two cables 34 and 35 are wound in opposite directions, so that while the cable 34 is wound up, the cable 35 will be unwound.
- the gear assembly 3 includes gears 321, 322, 323 and 324 which are disposed in the chamber 13. the gear 321 is mounted on the shaft 31 and the gear 322 is mounted on the shaft 21. These gears 321 and 322 are meshed with the gears 323 and 324 respectively which are mounted on the shaft 33 provided in the chamber 13.
- the gear assembly 3 is so arranged that it will transmit the rotating motion of the shaft 31 to the shaft 21 with a high speed ratio.
- the vane shells 23 are immersed in the fluid 10 and the fore end of the vane cores 22 are normally retracted in the vane shells due to the springs 24.
- the fore end of the vane cores 22 are tapered and are provided with rearwardly inclined teeth 25. Because of the presence of the teeth 25, the pressure of the fluid on the fore ends of the vane cores 22 that causes the vane cores 22 to retract in the vane shells 23 will interact with the pressure of the fluid on the radially extending surfaces 251 of the teeth 25, thereby eliminating the tendency of the vane cores 22 to enter into the vane shells 23 during rotation.
- the vane shells 23 as well as the vane cores 22 will rotate.
- the rotating speed of the vane shells 23 and vane cores 22 is relatively higher than that of the spools of the cables 34 and 35 because of the gear assembly 3.
- the vane cores 22 are extended outward in part from the vane shells 23 into the annular recess 121 by centrifugal force, thereby increasing the contact surfaces between the vane members constituted of the vane shells 23 and vane cores 22 and the fluid 10 as well as the retarding force of the fluid on the vane members.
- the increase in the contact surfaces depends on the centrifugal force or the weight of the load and will cause the increase in the retarding force. If the weight of the load is increased, the retarding force will be increased. When the weight of the load is reduced, the retarding force will coresspondingly decrease. Therefore, the fluid rotation-retarding means of this type is self-adjustable.
- the mounting means 4 is in the form of a hook by which the descent device can be hooked on any structure having a vertically extending wall, for instance, the wall structure below a window.
- the mounting means 4 is comprised of a hollow member 41 and a reversed L-shaped member 42.
- the hollow member 41 is attached to the body 1 by means of a hinge 40 and is provided with a bore 411 which can receive one end of the L-shaped member 42.
- the vertically extending portion of the L-shaped member 42 is provided with a plurality of inclined teeth so as to ensure an effective engagement with the adjacent surface of the support structure on which the descent device is mounted.
- the present device When the present device is not in use, it can be put into a compact position by turning the hollow member 41 downward so that the vertical portion of the L-shaped member 42 is turned to below the body 1 as shown by the dotted line.
- the device can be carried easily by means of a handle 14 provided at the top side of the body 1.
- the horizontal portion of the member 42 which is received in the bore 411 of the hollow member 41 is provided with inclined teeth 422.
- the member 42 is extensible from and retractable into the hollow member 41 so that the mounting means 4 can be adjusted to suit the support structure of any wall thickness.
- To secure the member 42 to the member 41 there are further provided two opposite slots 412 in the member 41 in which are pivoted catch members 43 respectively by means of pins 432.
- a torsion spring 433 is sleeved onto each pin 431 and has its one end secured to the member 41 and its other end secured to the catch member 43.
- the spring 433 biasses the catch member 43 so as to cause the teeth 431 thereof to engage with the inclined teeth 422. It can be appreciated that the catch member 43 can prevent the outward movement of the member 42 from the bore 411. In the case that the member 42 is to be extended outward, the catch members 43 are moved apart from the teeth 422 by pulling the guide plate 434 of the catch members 43.
- ring members 30 which are used to encircle the body of a person under his arms. Since the cables 34 and 35 are wound on the spools in opposite directions, when a load or a person is lowered by one cable, another cable is wound up for the next lowering.
- Fig. 5 shows another embodiment of the invention in which the elements similar to those included in the above-mentioned embodiment are represented by similar reference numerals.
- the construction of this embodiment is substantially similar to the above-mentioned embodiment except that it includes a different gear assembly which includes an internal gear 51 and a gear 53 and a different vane construction.
- the vane core 55 is mounted in the vane shell 23 in such a manner that the vane face 56 which is equivalent to the vane face 22a of the vane core 22 is turned to an angle of 45 degrees relative to the position of the vane face 22a.
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Emergency Lowering Means (AREA)
- Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
- Braking Arrangements (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- This invention relates to an emergency descent device and particularly to one having a fluid rotation-retarding device for controlling the rate of the descent.
- Emergency descent devices having a rotating spool with a cable wound thereon and a fluid rotation-retarding means are known in prior arts. U.S. Patent Nos. 4,018,423, 3,847,377 and 3,946,989 disclose descent devices having fluid rotation-retarding units which include one or more vane members deviding a fluid-filled, sealed housing into two or more volume variable chambers which are then communicated by providing one or more passages. These passages are adjustable to control the rotating rate of the vane. However, the adjustment of the passage is usually done manually.
- An object of the invention is to provide an emergency descent device with a simplified construction and a self-adjusting fluid rotation-retarding means.
- Another object of the invention is to provide an emergency descent device with an improved mounting means by which the device can be mounted easily and firmly on any desired structure.
- These and other objects can be achieved in accordance with the invention through the provision of an emergency descent device comprising a rotating spool on which is wound a cable to hold a person or a load, and a rotation-retarding means for controlling the rotation of the spool. The retarding means includes a fluid-filled chamber, a plurality of vane members mounted for rotation in the chamber, each of the vane members having a vane shell receiving a vane core which is normally biassed in a radially inward direction. The vane core is capable of extending outward from the vane shell by a centrifugal force to provide more vane surface to act on the fluid. A gear assembly is further provided which transmits the motion of the spool to the vane members with a high speed ratio.
- The mounting means of the descent device is in the form of a hook and includes a horizontal portion and a vertically, downwardly extending portion. The horizontal portion is extensible and the vertically extending portion is provided with engaging teeth to provide an effective engagement with the surface of the structure on which the descent device is mounted.
- The present exemplary preferred embodiment will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
- Fig. 1 is a sectioned view of a descent device embodying the present invention;
- Fig. 2 is a sectioned view taken along the line 2-2 of Fig. 1;
- Fig. 3 is a sectioned view taken along the line 3-3 of Fig. 1;
- Fig. 4 is a sectioned view taken along the line 4-4 of Fig. 1; and
- Fig. 5 is a view of another embodiment.
- Referring to Fig. 1, there is shown a
body 1, a fluid retardingunit 2, agear assembly 3 and a mounting means 4. On one side of thebody 1 are provided a reversed L-shaped bracket 11 with a dividingplate 111 which is projected from the upper side of thebody 1. Inside thebody 1 are provided twochambers - The fluid retarding
unit 2 includes a drivenshaft 21 mounted in thechamber 12. One end of theshaft 21 is extended into thechamber 13 and on the portion of theshaft 21 which is within thechamber 12 is mounted threevane shells 23 for housing threevane cores 22 respectively. The rear ends of thevane cores 22 are connected to theshaft 21 by means of threesprings 24 which have their ends affixed to theshaft 21 and to the rear ends of thevane cores 22 respectively. As such, thevane cores 22 can be extended outwardly of thevane shell 23 by a centrifugal force and then retracted into thevane shell 23 when the centrifugal force disappears. - There are further provided an
annular groove 121 in the wall of thechamber 12 into which thevane cores 22 will be extended when theshaft 21 is rotated. Thechamber 12 is filled with a fluid such as brake oil, lubricating oil etc. - There is further provided a
shaft 31 having its ends journalled in thebracket 11 and in a wall of thebody 1 with bearing assemblies. The intermediate portion of theshaft 31 is passed through a bearing assembly provided in the dividingplate 111. Twocables shaft 31 on two sides of the dividingplate 11. The twocables cable 34 is wound up, thecable 35 will be unwound. - The
gear assembly 3 includesgears chamber 13. the gear 321 is mounted on theshaft 31 and thegear 322 is mounted on theshaft 21. Thesegears 321 and 322 are meshed with thegears chamber 13. Thegear assembly 3 is so arranged that it will transmit the rotating motion of theshaft 31 to theshaft 21 with a high speed ratio. - As shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the
vane shells 23 are immersed in thefluid 10 and the fore end of thevane cores 22 are normally retracted in the vane shells due to thesprings 24. The fore end of thevane cores 22 are tapered and are provided with rearwardlyinclined teeth 25. Because of the presence of theteeth 25, the pressure of the fluid on the fore ends of thevane cores 22 that causes thevane cores 22 to retract in thevane shells 23 will interact with the pressure of the fluid on the radially extendingsurfaces 251 of theteeth 25, thereby eliminating the tendency of thevane cores 22 to enter into thevane shells 23 during rotation. - When the
shaft 21 is rotated due to the weight of the load or a person held by thecable vane shells 23 as well as thevane cores 22 will rotate. The rotating speed of thevane shells 23 andvane cores 22 is relatively higher than that of the spools of thecables gear assembly 3. During rotation, thevane cores 22 are extended outward in part from thevane shells 23 into theannular recess 121 by centrifugal force, thereby increasing the contact surfaces between the vane members constituted of thevane shells 23 andvane cores 22 and thefluid 10 as well as the retarding force of the fluid on the vane members. It can be appreciated that the increase in the contact surfaces depends on the centrifugal force or the weight of the load and will cause the increase in the retarding force. If the weight of the load is increased, the retarding force will be increased. When the weight of the load is reduced, the retarding force will coresspondingly decrease. Therefore, the fluid rotation-retarding means of this type is self-adjustable. - Referring again to6 Fig. 1, the mounting means 4 is in the form of a hook by which the descent device can be hooked on any structure having a vertically extending wall, for instance, the wall structure below a window. The mounting means 4 is comprised of a
hollow member 41 and a reversed L-shapedmember 42. Thehollow member 41 is attached to thebody 1 by means of ahinge 40 and is provided with abore 411 which can receive one end of the L-shapedmember 42. The vertically extending portion of the L-shaped member 42 is provided with a plurality of inclined teeth so as to ensure an effective engagement with the adjacent surface of the support structure on which the descent device is mounted. When the present device is not in use, it can be put into a compact position by turning thehollow member 41 downward so that the vertical portion of the L-shaped member 42 is turned to below thebody 1 as shown by the dotted line. The device can be carried easily by means of ahandle 14 provided at the top side of thebody 1. - As shown in Figs. 3 and 4, the horizontal portion of the
member 42 which is received in thebore 411 of thehollow member 41 is provided withinclined teeth 422. Themember 42 is extensible from and retractable into thehollow member 41 so that the mounting means 4 can be adjusted to suit the support structure of any wall thickness. To secure themember 42 to themember 41, there are further provided twoopposite slots 412 in themember 41 in which are pivotedcatch members 43 respectively by means ofpins 432. Atorsion spring 433 is sleeved onto eachpin 431 and has its one end secured to themember 41 and its other end secured to thecatch member 43. Thespring 433 biasses thecatch member 43 so as to cause theteeth 431 thereof to engage with theinclined teeth 422. It can be appreciated that thecatch member 43 can prevent the outward movement of themember 42 from thebore 411. In the case that themember 42 is to be extended outward, thecatch members 43 are moved apart from theteeth 422 by pulling theguide plate 434 of thecatch members 43. - At the ends of the
cables ring members 30 which are used to encircle the body of a person under his arms. Since thecables - Fig. 5 shows another embodiment of the invention in which the elements similar to those included in the above-mentioned embodiment are represented by similar reference numerals. The construction of this embodiment is substantially similar to the above-mentioned embodiment except that it includes a different gear assembly which includes an internal gear 51 and a
gear 53 and a different vane construction. Thevane core 55 is mounted in thevane shell 23 in such a manner that thevane face 56 which is equivalent to thevane face 22a of thevane core 22 is turned to an angle of 45 degrees relative to the position of thevane face 22a. - With the invention thus explained, it is apparent that various modifications and variations can be made without departing from the scope of the invention. It is therefore intended that the invention be limited as indicated in the appended claims.
Claims (4)
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US06/709,211 US4554997A (en) | 1985-03-07 | 1985-03-07 | Emergency descent device |
AT85306026T ATE37985T1 (en) | 1985-08-23 | 1985-08-23 | EMERGENCY DESCENT. |
EP85306026A EP0212026B1 (en) | 1985-08-23 | 1985-08-23 | Improved emergency descent device |
DE8585306026T DE3565629D1 (en) | 1985-08-23 | 1985-08-23 | Improved emergency descent device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP85306026A EP0212026B1 (en) | 1985-08-23 | 1985-08-23 | Improved emergency descent device |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0212026A1 true EP0212026A1 (en) | 1987-03-04 |
EP0212026B1 EP0212026B1 (en) | 1988-10-19 |
Family
ID=8194338
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP85306026A Expired EP0212026B1 (en) | 1985-03-07 | 1985-08-23 | Improved emergency descent device |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0212026B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE37985T1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE3565629D1 (en) |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CH102145A (en) * | 1922-09-12 | 1923-12-01 | Oertle Max | Rescue apparatus if there is a risk of fire. |
US3847377A (en) * | 1973-06-07 | 1974-11-12 | Safety Devices Inc | Safety lowering device |
WO1980002184A1 (en) * | 1979-04-09 | 1980-10-16 | Petersson New Prod Bengt | Tension device for regulating the tension in a tensile or compressive element |
US4505011A (en) * | 1983-02-16 | 1985-03-19 | Letourneau Company | Safety belt anchor |
-
1985
- 1985-08-23 DE DE8585306026T patent/DE3565629D1/en not_active Expired
- 1985-08-23 EP EP85306026A patent/EP0212026B1/en not_active Expired
- 1985-08-23 AT AT85306026T patent/ATE37985T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CH102145A (en) * | 1922-09-12 | 1923-12-01 | Oertle Max | Rescue apparatus if there is a risk of fire. |
US3847377A (en) * | 1973-06-07 | 1974-11-12 | Safety Devices Inc | Safety lowering device |
WO1980002184A1 (en) * | 1979-04-09 | 1980-10-16 | Petersson New Prod Bengt | Tension device for regulating the tension in a tensile or compressive element |
US4505011A (en) * | 1983-02-16 | 1985-03-19 | Letourneau Company | Safety belt anchor |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE3565629D1 (en) | 1988-11-24 |
EP0212026B1 (en) | 1988-10-19 |
ATE37985T1 (en) | 1988-11-15 |
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