EP0186666A1 - Process for determining the direction of travel of a vehicle, using an electronic compass. - Google Patents
Process for determining the direction of travel of a vehicle, using an electronic compass.Info
- Publication number
- EP0186666A1 EP0186666A1 EP85901973A EP85901973A EP0186666A1 EP 0186666 A1 EP0186666 A1 EP 0186666A1 EP 85901973 A EP85901973 A EP 85901973A EP 85901973 A EP85901973 A EP 85901973A EP 0186666 A1 EP0186666 A1 EP 0186666A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- travel
- vehicle
- magnetometer
- vector diagram
- locus
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000013598 vector Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005415 magnetization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C17/00—Compasses; Devices for ascertaining true or magnetic north for navigation or surveying purposes
- G01C17/38—Testing, calibrating, or compensating of compasses
Definitions
- the invention is based on a method for determining the direction of a vehicle with an electronic compass according to the preamble of the main claim.
- a known navigation apparatus DE-PS 27 54 888
- the direction of travel of a vehicle is determined with a two-axis magnetometer, the output signals of which are fed to a correction unit for compensating for magnetic interference fields in the vehicle, by means of which a zero point shift of the output signals and such a proportional change of one of the output signals is made.
- the interference field vector is taken into account and the proportional change of one of the two magnetometer signals is said to The impact of the vehicle body on the earth field can be compensated. Then, for the measured values of the magnetometer on its X and Y axes, the locus turns by turning the vehicle, the center point of which is shifted from the axis cross with the vector of the interference field and which forms an ellipse due to the proportional change of the signals on one axis whose axes run parallel to the measuring axes.
- the ellipse is to be transformed into a circle and through the zero point shift, the circle is to be moved into the axis cross, which is checked by a control level in that the signals corrected in this way each have to be squared and add a constant value (Circular equation).
- a disadvantage of this known solution is that the correction of the. Magnetometer measured values is carried out in an analog arithmetic circuit, which is too imprecise according to the previous technology.
- interference fields that are constant over time are to be taken into account in this way.
- Another major disadvantage of the known method is that only an axially parallel displacement from the zero point is taken into account for the elliptical locus of the shielded earth field, whereas in reality such an elliptical locus is also rotated by some amount in the vector diagram.
- the present invention seeks to determine the direction of the earth's field and the direction of travel of the vehicle as precisely as possible by determining the actual locus of the magnetic field measured by the magnetometer as precisely as possible.
- the method according to the invention for determining the direction of travel with the characterizing features of the main claim has the advantage that, with the stored measuring points, the computer can calculate the center point shift as well as the shape and rotation of the locus curve in the vector diagram without the need for touch tests. Another advantage is that calibration measurements also compensate for the installation tolerances of the magnetometer and the so-called rejection of the earth's field. In this way, it is possible to determine and display the exact direction of the earth's field or the direction of travel or the direction to a predetermined destination from the current measurements on the magnetometer via the determined locus curve.
- FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of an electronic compass for determining the direction of travel of a motor vehicle according to the invention
- FIG. 2 shows a vector diagram with the location curve of the magnetic field measured by the compass
- FIG. 3 shows a motor vehicle with the vector axes in a calibration position
- FIG. 5 shows a flow diagram for the mode of operation of the electronic compass according to Figure 1 and Figure 5 shows a three-axis magnetometer of an electronic compass in a schematic representation.
- FIG. 1 shows the block diagram for an electronic compass which is permanently installed for navigation in a motor vehicle.
- the electronic compass consists of a sensor 10, an evaluation circuit 11 and a display 12.
- the sensor 10 which is mounted, for example, in the middle under the roof of a passenger vehicle, contains a magnetometer with time coding.
- the magnetometer can be a three-axis magnetometer according to FIG. 5 or a two-axis magnetometer, which is accommodated in the sensor together with a power supply and a signal shaping stage for each of the magnetic field probes.
- the evaluation circuit is essentially implemented by a microcomputer, the input of which is supplied with the sensor signals.
- the evaluation circuit 11 is in a memory stage 13, an arithmetic stage 14 for calculating the parameters of a locus of the measured magnetic field, a further arithmetic stage 15 for determining the angle between the earth's field and the direction of travel, and in a correction stage 16 Angle correction shown broken down.
- a fixed directional angle o can be applied via a pushbutton switch 17 correction level 16 can be entered.
- the computing stage 15 is connected via an output to the display 12, on which the direction of travel can be displayed in addition to further information.
- FIG. 2 shows the vector diagram for measuring the magnetic field in the motor vehicle with a magnetometer arranged in sensor 10 with two probes, one probe axis x in the direction of travel and the other probe axis y lying transversely to the direction of travel in a horizontal vehicle plane.
- the X component and the Y component of the magnetic field vector H which results from the size and direction of the magnetic field at the sensor 10, are measured by the two probes.
- FIG. 3 shows the vector H with respect to the longitudinal axis X o and the axis y o running transversely thereto in the vehicle plane.
- the magnetic field H measured there is composed of a fixed interference field Hs and the component of the earth field He that is active in the vehicle. Although the actual vector of the magnetic field H lies obliquely in space, it is sufficient for the determination to measure the direction of travel with the sensor 10 only the vector H of the magnetic field projected in the driving plane.
- FIG. 4 a flow chart, which is cycled through by the evaluation circuit 11.
- the evaluation circuit 11 After the start 19, at least five - preferably ten measuring points in the vector diagram according to FIG. 2 are first detected by the evaluation circuit 11 in a first program section 20 by turning the vehicle 18 and stored in the memory stage 13.
- these five measured values result in an elliptical locus 0 which is mathematically determined by five parameters and which can be described with reference to the axis cross of the vector diagram using the following vector equation:
- T is a tensor (matrix) that contains the influence of the earth's field through shielding and magnetization of the vehicle body.
- He is the vector of the earth field projected onto the driving plane outside the vehicle and Hs is the vector of the constant interference field projected onto the driving plane, which is predetermined by the shape and structure of the vehicle.
- This vector equation is an equation with five unknowns, the vector H being known, the tensor containing three unknowns and the vector Hs also having two unknowns.
- all parameters for the center point shift, the shape and the rotation of the locus 0 are now calculated in the vector diagram on the computing stage i 4 of the evaluation circuit 11 with the aid of the measuring points M1 to M5.
- the calculation of the locus 0 would be possible from five measuring points, which can be relatively close together. In view of the inaccuracy of the measuring points, however, it is necessary that the first five measuring points in the vector diagram x, y are recorded during the rotation of the vehicle 18 by at least 90 °. However, the locus 0 can be calculated with greater accuracy if eight measuring points are stored in the storage stage 13, one measuring point being stored after each rotation of the vehicle 18 by 45 °. As FIG. 2 shows, the locus curve 0 determined in this way represents an ellipse, which is shifted by the constant interference field vector Hs from the axis origin of the vector diagram x, y and with its axes by the angle ⁇ is rotated.
- the determined parameters of the locus 0 now become the angle calculated, which indicates the direction of the earth field He with respect to the x-axis of the vector diagram.
- this angle is still required a correction because it does not take into account the so-called rejection, i.e. the deviation of the direction of the earth's field from the actual north pole.
- the installation tolerances when mounting the sensor 10 in the vehicle 18 are not taken into account, so that the x-axis of the magnetometer probe lying in the direction of travel does not coincide with the longitudinal axis X o of the vehicle.
- the vehicle is aligned in a given direction, in the example to the east. This results in an angle ⁇ to the actual north direction, which in the example is 90 °.
- the predetermined angular size is now entered in the program section 23 into the correction stage 16 of the evaluation circuit 11 according to FIG. 1 by pressing the switch 17.
- the direction of the earth field He is determined in this vehicle position by the computing stages 14 and 15 on the basis of the ongoing measurements from the locus O and the angle ⁇ ′ that occurs is also entered in the correction stage 16.
- ⁇ ' gives the Angle at which the earth field He forms with the apparent axis x 'of the vector diagram x', y '.
- a correction angle ⁇ ⁇ is now formed in the correction stage 16 by using the equation
- the evaluation circuit 11 now checks whether there is a change in the direction of travel of the vehicle 18 with respect to the direction of the measurement point last stored by a certain angle a on the locus 0 in the vector diagram according to FIG. If this is not the case, the program sections 25 to 28 are cyclically run through and the calculated direction of travel of the vehicle 18 is displayed in each case.
- a predetermined value a of the direction of travel is exceeded, for example 30 compared to the last stored measurement point in the vector diagram according to FIG. 2
- a further measurement point is now stored in program step 20 in memory stage 13 and is used to check and correct the parameters of the locus curve 0 determined by the computer in the program section 21 processed. Calibration is no longer necessary since the already determined correction angle ⁇ is now constantly taken into account by the evaluation circuit 11.
- the sensor 10 is equipped with a magnetometer which is provided with three probes X, Y, Z according to FIG. Of these probes, one lies in the direction of travel of the vehicle, a second perpendicular to the direction of travel and the third perpendicular to the direction of travel.
- the spatial position, shape and rotation of the locus of the magnetic field H acting on the magnetometer are measured in a spatial vector diagram by at least nine measuring points and recorded and stored by the evaluation circuit for calculating the required parameters.
- the vehicle must not only in a predetermined direction of travel, but also outside which are still aligned exactly horizontally so that a spatial correction angle can be determined in this case.
- the invention is not limited to an electronic compass for determining the direction of travel of motor vehicles, since both aircraft and watercraft can be equipped with it.
- the compass can not only be used to determine the direction of travel, but also very generally for navigating vehicles which, for example, are to be moved from a fixed starting point to a specific destination.
- a digital path signal is given to the evaluation circuit, for example via a wheel sensor or a signal transmitter on the odometer of the vehicle, which is used together with the determined direction of travel to determine the respective location of the vehicle.
- the new measured values continuously entered into the storage stage 13 during the journey result in automatic re-calibration, which also takes into account changes in the shape, position and rotation of the locus. This ensures that the influences on the measured magnetic field H, which are caused by switching on electrical consumers in the motor vehicle such as headlights, rear window heating, windshield wipers and the like, or by loading the motor vehicle, are compensated for when calculating the direction of travel.
- a three-axis magnetometer can also take into account a spatial change in the interference field in all three coordinates and an appropriate error compensation can be carried out.
- a correspondingly constructed evaluation scarf can be used together with path signals, the respective location height of the vehicle is calculated and output.
- a specified height base must be entered from time to time,
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Navigation (AREA)
- Measuring Magnetic Variables (AREA)
Abstract
Un procédé pour déterminer la direction de la marche d'un véhicule à l'aide d'un compas électronique comprenant un circuit de calcul ainsi qu'un magnétomètre fixé rigidement au véhicule. Pour déterminer la courbe locale (O) du champ magnétique terrestre (He) au magnétomètre cinq points (M1...M5) mesurés par celui-ci par rotation du véhicule sont saisis et mémorisés par le circuit du calcul. A l'aide d'un algorithme à cinq inconnues les paramètres du déplacement du centre (Hs), de la forme (ellipse) et de la rotation (angle alpha) de la courbe locale (O) sont calculés dans un diagramme vectoriel (x, y) par le calculateur à partir des cinq points mesurés et ensuite la direction du champ terrestre (He) est déterminée. Finalement, le véhicule est dirigé vers une direction céleste donnée et un angle de correction est formé et mémorisé à partir de la direction réelle du pôle Nord et celle mesurée par le compas. Dans les mesures consécutives, il est tenu compte de l'angle de correction lors de la détermination de la direction de la marche (phi) à partir de la courbe locale (O).A method for determining the direction of travel of a vehicle using an electronic compass comprising a computing circuit and a magnetometer rigidly attached to the vehicle. To determine the local curve (O) of the earth's magnetic field (He) at the magnetometer, five points (M1 ... M5) measured by the latter by rotation of the vehicle are entered and stored by the calculation circuit. Using an algorithm with five unknowns the parameters of the displacement of the center (Hs), of the shape (ellipse) and of the rotation (angle alpha) of the local curve (O) are calculated in a vector diagram (x , y) by the computer from the five measured points and then the direction of the earth's field (He) is determined. Eventually the vehicle is steered in a given celestial direction and a correction angle is formed and stored from the actual direction of the North Pole and that measured by the compass. In subsequent measurements, the correction angle is taken into account when determining the direction of travel (phi) from the local curve (O).
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT85901973T ATE40746T1 (en) | 1984-06-16 | 1985-04-17 | METHOD OF DETERMINING THE DIRECTION OF A VEHICLE WITH ELECTRONIC COMPASS. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE3422491 | 1984-06-16 | ||
DE19843422491 DE3422491A1 (en) | 1984-06-16 | 1984-06-16 | METHOD FOR DETERMINING THE DIRECTION OF A VEHICLE WITH AN ELECTRONIC COMPASS |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0186666A1 true EP0186666A1 (en) | 1986-07-09 |
EP0186666B1 EP0186666B1 (en) | 1989-02-08 |
Family
ID=6238577
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP85901973A Expired EP0186666B1 (en) | 1984-06-16 | 1985-04-17 | Process for determining the direction of travel of a vehicle, using an electronic compass |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4729172A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0186666B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPS61502413A (en) |
DE (2) | DE3422491A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1986000128A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (22)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3509548A1 (en) * | 1985-03-16 | 1986-09-18 | Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart | METHOD FOR DETERMINING THE DIRECTION OF A VEHICLE WITH AN ELECTRONIC COMPASS |
JPS6394108A (en) * | 1986-10-08 | 1988-04-25 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Azimuth detector for moving body |
JPH0629732B2 (en) * | 1986-10-08 | 1994-04-20 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Direction detector for mobile |
US4862398A (en) * | 1986-11-18 | 1989-08-29 | Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. | Correcting method and correcting errors in a terrestrial magnetism heading sensor |
DE3644681A1 (en) * | 1986-12-30 | 1988-07-14 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | NAVIGATION METHOD FOR VEHICLES WITH ELECTRONIC COMPASS |
GB2213937B (en) * | 1987-12-17 | 1992-01-22 | Plessey Co Plc | Navigation compass calibration |
US4972593A (en) * | 1989-01-17 | 1990-11-27 | The Charles Stark Draper Laboratory, Inc. | Method and apparatus for measuring the undistorted magnetic field of the earth |
JPH051914A (en) * | 1991-06-25 | 1993-01-08 | Pioneer Electron Corp | Compensating magnetized vector |
US5724074A (en) * | 1995-02-06 | 1998-03-03 | Microsoft Corporation | Method and system for graphically programming mobile toys |
US5737226A (en) * | 1995-06-05 | 1998-04-07 | Prince Corporation | Vehicle compass system with automatic calibration |
US5878370A (en) * | 1995-12-01 | 1999-03-02 | Prince Corporation | Vehicle compass system with variable resolution |
RU2098764C1 (en) * | 1996-05-29 | 1997-12-10 | Русланов Александр Семенович | Method for determination of moving object location and device for its realization |
US6301794B1 (en) * | 1999-05-27 | 2001-10-16 | Johnson Controls, Inc. | Vehicle compass system with continuous automatic calibration |
US20040215387A1 (en) | 2002-02-14 | 2004-10-28 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Method for transmitting location information on a digital map, apparatus for implementing the method, and traffic information provision/reception system |
JP3481168B2 (en) | 1999-08-27 | 2003-12-22 | 松下電器産業株式会社 | Digital map location information transmission method |
JP5041638B2 (en) | 2000-12-08 | 2012-10-03 | パナソニック株式会社 | Method for transmitting location information of digital map and device used therefor |
JP4663136B2 (en) | 2001-01-29 | 2011-03-30 | パナソニック株式会社 | Method and apparatus for transmitting location information of digital map |
JP4749594B2 (en) * | 2001-04-27 | 2011-08-17 | パナソニック株式会社 | Digital map location information transmission method |
JP4230132B2 (en) | 2001-05-01 | 2009-02-25 | パナソニック株式会社 | Digital map shape vector encoding method, position information transmission method, and apparatus for implementing the same |
ATE396381T1 (en) * | 2002-11-05 | 2008-06-15 | Nokia Corp | MOBILE ELECTRONIC THREE-DIMENSIONAL COMPASS |
US9046365B2 (en) * | 2011-10-27 | 2015-06-02 | Apple Inc. | Electronic devices with magnetic field compensating conductive traces |
KR20220127023A (en) * | 2021-03-10 | 2022-09-19 | 삼성전자주식회사 | Electronic device and operation method of electronic device for determining direction of movement of electronic device |
Family Cites Families (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US3991361A (en) * | 1975-03-27 | 1976-11-09 | Westinghouse Electric Corporation | Semi-automatic compass calibrator apparatus for a vehicle mounted flux gate compass system to cancel out effect of local magnetic disturbances |
US4091543A (en) * | 1976-06-17 | 1978-05-30 | The Laitram Corporation | Automatic magnetic compass correction |
US4031630A (en) * | 1976-06-17 | 1977-06-28 | The Laitram Corporation | Calibration apparatus for automatic magnetic compass correction |
DE2754888C2 (en) * | 1977-12-09 | 1983-12-29 | Günter Dipl.-Phys. 3303 Vechelde Kramer | Navigation apparatus |
FR2484079A1 (en) * | 1980-06-05 | 1981-12-11 | Crouzet Sa | METHOD FOR COMPENSATING MAGNETIC DISTURBANCES IN THE DETERMINATION OF A MAGNETIC CAP, AND DEVICE FOR IMPLEMENTING SAID METHOD |
DE3123180A1 (en) * | 1981-06-11 | 1983-01-05 | Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München | CORRECTION METHOD AND DEVICE FOR A MAGNETIC PROBE |
JPS6051114B2 (en) * | 1981-07-07 | 1985-11-12 | 株式会社デンソー | In-vehicle navigator |
JPS5834314A (en) * | 1981-08-24 | 1983-02-28 | Nippon Soken Inc | Bearing detector |
JPS58135412A (en) * | 1982-02-04 | 1983-08-12 | Nippon Denso Co Ltd | Direction arithmetic device |
JPS58139010A (en) * | 1982-02-15 | 1983-08-18 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Running guidance device for vehicle |
US4546550A (en) * | 1982-10-12 | 1985-10-15 | Plessey Overseas Ltd. | Compass |
-
1984
- 1984-06-16 DE DE19843422491 patent/DE3422491A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1985
- 1985-04-17 EP EP85901973A patent/EP0186666B1/en not_active Expired
- 1985-04-17 WO PCT/DE1985/000122 patent/WO1986000128A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1985-04-17 DE DE8585901973T patent/DE3568219D1/en not_active Expired
- 1985-04-17 US US06/802,011 patent/US4729172A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1985-04-17 JP JP60501721A patent/JPS61502413A/en active Pending
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO8600128A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US4729172A (en) | 1988-03-08 |
EP0186666B1 (en) | 1989-02-08 |
DE3422491A1 (en) | 1985-12-19 |
JPS61502413A (en) | 1986-10-23 |
DE3568219D1 (en) | 1989-03-16 |
WO1986000128A1 (en) | 1986-01-03 |
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