EP0184978B1 - Process for manufacturing pipes for the petroleum and natural gas industries and for drilling rods - Google Patents
Process for manufacturing pipes for the petroleum and natural gas industries and for drilling rods Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0184978B1 EP0184978B1 EP85730120A EP85730120A EP0184978B1 EP 0184978 B1 EP0184978 B1 EP 0184978B1 EP 85730120 A EP85730120 A EP 85730120A EP 85730120 A EP85730120 A EP 85730120A EP 0184978 B1 EP0184978 B1 EP 0184978B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- temperature
- pipe
- welding
- connectors
- pipes
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/08—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for tubular bodies or pipes
- C21D9/14—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for tubular bodies or pipes wear-resistant or pressure-resistant pipes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/50—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for welded joints
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/22—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with molybdenum or tungsten
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for producing pipes on the one hand according to the preamble of claim 1 and, on the other hand, screwable units of a drill pipe according to the preamble of claim 2.
- Pipes for the oil and gas industry and screwable units of a drill pipe are used for drilling wells in large depths or for the transmission of oil in the surface area.
- the pipes are mainly mechanically stressed by internal pressure and longitudinal forces, the units by the mass of the drill head, their own mass and the drilling torque and bending. For this reason, only heat-treated pipes and units are used, which are coated with so-called connectors. These are flange connectors or particularly thick-walled, short pieces of pipe with a thread, through which the units are connected to form a drill pipe.
- the connectors were previously screwed onto the pipe ends of the units and then welded.
- it has become common practice to weld the pipe connectors e.g. B. friction welding to connect to the tube and deburr the weld and treat by stress relief annealing.
- Such pipes and units meet the physical properties placed on them (yield strength, elongation). In the presence of moist acid gas, they are only burdened up to a small part of their yield strength. In particular, the transition area welding to base material in pipes of previous manufacture is extremely susceptible to stress corrosion cracking. The stress corrosion cracking resistance is tested in a hydrogen sulfide-saturated test solution according to the NACE standard TM-01-77.
- EP-A-00 64 730 discloses a process for the production of pipes for the oil industry, in particular for deep bores in which these pipes are exposed to wide temperature ranges, high pressures and corrosion, the steel and the like. Contains 0.35 to 0.9% Mn, 0.8 to 1.5% Cr, 0.15 to 0.75% Mo as well as nickel and copper. A maximum value of 0.04% is given for the sulfur content.
- the object of the invention is to increase the corrosion resistance of the tube and the unit and to adapt it to the physical resistance.
- Claims 1 and 2 stand side by side in that they relate to the production of different types of pipes.
- the claim 1 relates to pipes through which hydrogen sulfide-containing oil or natural gas is mainly passed on to the surface of the earth and also units for which protection is particularly claimed according to claim 2 and which are used for the production of boreholes and which are in a so-called acid gas-rich environment under high mechanical Stress.
- the wall thickness at the pipe ends can be thickened by axial compression in the die. The wall thickening also creates a wider welding area.
- the connectors are generally flanges or short, very thick-walled pipe sections. The latter are twisted on one side to the wall thickness of the thickened pipe ends and prepared on the thread area. These connectors also do not need to be heat treated before welding.
- connectors with a pre-turned external thread and with an internal thread that are press-welded in pairs at the ends of the pipe.
- the protruding ridge is removed.
- the pipe and connector are made of a steel composition that is not resistant to abrasive corrosion.
- inhibitors are usually added to the drilling fluid, so that the erosive corrosion is irrelevant.
- the steel composition is adjusted so that the wall thickness with water or oil quenching is also fully hardened to the greatest possible thicknesses on the pipe and on the connectors, ie it takes on fairly uniform hardness over the full wall thickness and thus has the same strength properties.
- the pipe manufactured for the oil industry and the units of a drill pipe are hardened as a whole. As far as the dimensional range allows, the immersion process is used. These parts are then tempered and the heat treatment ends with cooling in air. The temperature control to be used results from the characterizing features of claim 3. Thus, the parts have a uniform structure and thus the same mechanical properties over the entire length, in particular in the welding area and the area of the base material influenced by the welding heat as well as comparable corrosion resistance.
- An embodiment of the invention relates to a unit of a drill pipe and is based on the following steel composition (mass percent):
- the output tubes are made from continuous cast billets by cross rolling, stretching over a cylindrical rod in the continuous rolling mill and by reducing the stretch to the final dimension of 114.3 diameter x 9.19 mm Wall thickness rolled and cooled in still air. In a renewed heating, however, only at the ends of about 300 mm in length, the wall thickness is compressed to about 22 mm with an outer diameter of about 131 mm. It is cooled again in still air.
- the connector and the outlet pipe are connected by friction welding and deburred, as described in DE-PS 31 33 181.
- the full length of the drill string unit is now available. So it is quench hardening and tempering a system supplied, as described in DE-PS 15 83 993. Quenching is done from a temperature of 890 ° C in oil for about 120 seconds.
- the drill pipe unit is then laid out on a grate in still air.
- the tempering temperature is 690 ° C. After cooling in air, straightening can be provided.
- the drill pipe unit now has the following physical properties
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
- Non-Disconnectible Joints And Screw-Threaded Joints (AREA)
- Arc Welding In General (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Herstellen von einerseits Rohren gemäß dem Gattungsbegriff des Anspruchs 1 und andererseits miteinander verschraubbare Einheiten eines Bohrgestänges gemäß dem Gattungsbegriff des Anspruchs 2.The invention relates to a method for producing pipes on the one hand according to the preamble of
Rohre für die Erdöl- und Erdgasindustrie und miteinander verschraubbare Einheiten eines Bohrgestänges werden bei Erdbohrungen in große Teufen oder zur Fortleitung des Erdöls auch im oberirdischen Bereich benutzt. Die Rohre sind hauptsächlich durch Innendruck und Längskräfte, die Einheiten durch die Masse des Bohrkopfes, ihre eigene Masse und das Bohrmoment und Biegung mechanisch hochbeansprucht. Es kommen deswegen üblicherweise ausschließlich vergütete Rohre und Einheiten zum Einsatz, die nach dem Vergüten durch sogenannte Verbinder versehen sind. Dies sind Flanschverbinder oder besonders starkwandig kurze Rohrstücke mit Gewinde, durch die die Einheiten zu Bohrgestängen miteinander verbunden sind.Pipes for the oil and gas industry and screwable units of a drill pipe are used for drilling wells in large depths or for the transmission of oil in the surface area. The pipes are mainly mechanically stressed by internal pressure and longitudinal forces, the units by the mass of the drill head, their own mass and the drilling torque and bending. For this reason, only heat-treated pipes and units are used, which are coated with so-called connectors. These are flange connectors or particularly thick-walled, short pieces of pipe with a thread, through which the units are connected to form a drill pipe.
Die Verbinder wurden früher beispielsweise bei den Einheiten auf die Rohrenden aufgeschraubt und dann verschweißt. Inzwischen ist es aber schon üblich, die Rohrverbinder durch Schweißen, z. B. Reibschweißen, mit dem Rohr zu verbinden und die Schweißstelle zu entgraten und durch Entspannungsglühen zu behandeln.For example, the connectors were previously screwed onto the pipe ends of the units and then welded. In the meantime, however, it has become common practice to weld the pipe connectors, e.g. B. friction welding to connect to the tube and deburr the weld and treat by stress relief annealing.
Derartige Rohre und Einheiten genügen den an sie gestellten physikalischen Eigenschaften (Streckgrenze, Dehnung). Sie sind bei Anwesenheit von feuchtem Sauergas nur bis zu einem kleinen Teil ihrer Streckgrenze belastber. Insbesondere weist der Übergangsbereich Schweiße zu Grundwerkstoff bei Rohren bisheriger Fertigung eine äußerst hohe Anfälligkeit für Spannungsrißkorrosion auf. Die Spannungsrißkorrosionsbeständigkeit wird in schwefelwasserstoffgesättigter Prüflösung nach dem NACE-Standard TM-01-77 geprüft.Such pipes and units meet the physical properties placed on them (yield strength, elongation). In the presence of moist acid gas, they are only burdened up to a small part of their yield strength. In particular, the transition area welding to base material in pipes of previous manufacture is extremely susceptible to stress corrosion cracking. The stress corrosion cracking resistance is tested in a hydrogen sulfide-saturated test solution according to the NACE standard TM-01-77.
Aus der EP-A-00 64 730 ist ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Rohren für die Ölindustrie bekannt, und zwar insbesondere für tiefe Bohrungen, bei denen diese Rohre weiten Temperaturbereichen, hohen Drücken und Korrosion ausgesetzt sind, wobei der Stahl u.a. 0,35 bis 0,9 % Mn, 0,8 bis 1,5 % Cr, 0,15 bis 0,75 % Mo sowie Nickel und Kupfer enthält. Für den Schwefelgehalt wird ein Maximalwert von 0,04 % angegeben.EP-A-00 64 730 discloses a process for the production of pipes for the oil industry, in particular for deep bores in which these pipes are exposed to wide temperature ranges, high pressures and corrosion, the steel and the like. Contains 0.35 to 0.9% Mn, 0.8 to 1.5% Cr, 0.15 to 0.75% Mo as well as nickel and copper. A maximum value of 0.04% is given for the sulfur content.
Die Aufgabe der Erfindung besteht darin, die korrosionsmechanische Belastbarkeit des Rohres und der Einheit zu erhöhen und der physikalischen Belastbarkeit anzupassen.The object of the invention is to increase the corrosion resistance of the tube and the unit and to adapt it to the physical resistance.
Die Lösung der Aufgabe besteht bei gattungsgemäßen Rohren und Einheiten für Bohrgestänge in den Maßnahmen nach den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen der Patentansprüche. Die Ansprüche 1 und 2 stehen nebeneinander, indem sie die Herstellung verschiedener Rohrarten betreffen. Der Anspruch 1 betrifft Rohre, durch die schwefelwasserstoffhaltiges Erdöl oder Erdgas hauptsächlich an der Erdoberfläche fortgeleitet wird und auch Einheiten, für die besonders gemäß Anspruch 2 Schutz beansprucht wird und die der Herstellung von Erdbohrungen dienen und die sich dabei in einer sogenannten sauergasreichen Umgebung unter hoher mechanischer Beanspruchung befinden.The problem is solved in generic tubes and units for drill pipe in the measures according to the characterizing features of the claims.
Für die Erfindung kommt es nicht darauf an, ob die zur Verarbeitung kommenden Rohre aus der Walzhitze an Luft abgekühlt oder normalisierend geglüht sind. Ein Vergüten der Ausgangsrohre ist ebensowenig erforderlich. Um einen dickwandigeren Übergang vom Ausgangsrohr zu den Verbindern hin zu schaffen, kann die Wanddicke an den Rohrenden durch achsiales Stauchen im Gesenk verdickt werden. Die Wandverdickung schafft auch eine breitere Schweißfläche.It is not important for the invention whether the pipes to be processed are cooled in air from the rolling heat or are normalized. It is also not necessary to temper the exit pipes. To create a thick-walled transition from the outlet pipe to the connectors, the wall thickness at the pipe ends can be thickened by axial compression in the die. The wall thickening also creates a wider welding area.
Die Verbinder sind im allgemeinen Fall Flansche oder kurze sehr dickwandige Rohrstücke. Letztere sind einseitig auf die Wanddicke der verdickten Rohrenden abgedreht und auf dem Gewindebereich vorgearbeitet. Auch diese Verbinder brauchen nicht vor dem Schweißen wärmebehandelt zu werden.The connectors are generally flanges or short, very thick-walled pipe sections. The latter are twisted on one side to the wall thickness of the thickened pipe ends and prepared on the thread area. These connectors also do not need to be heat treated before welding.
Es gibt Verbinder mit vorgedrehtem Außengewinde und mit Innengewinde, die paarweise an den Enden des Rohres preßgeschweißt verbunden werden. Der überstehende Grat wird entfernt.There are connectors with a pre-turned external thread and with an internal thread that are press-welded in pairs at the ends of the pipe. The protruding ridge is removed.
Rohr und Verbinder sind aus einer Stahlzusammensetzung hergestellt, die nicht beständig gegen abtragende Korrosion ist. Im Falle der Einheiten wird der Bohrflüssigkeit üblicherweise Inhibitoren zugesetzt, so daß die abtragende Korrosion unbeachtlich ist. Die Stahlzusammensetzung ist aber so eingestellt, daß die Wanddicke bei Wasser oder bei Ölabschreckung auch bis zu den größten vorkommenden Dicken am Rohr und an den Verbindern weitgehend durchgehärtet ist, d. h. auf die volle Wanddicke ziemlich gleichmässige Härte annimmt und damit gleiche Festigkeitseigenschaften hat.The pipe and connector are made of a steel composition that is not resistant to abrasive corrosion. In the case of the units, inhibitors are usually added to the drilling fluid, so that the erosive corrosion is irrelevant. The steel composition is adjusted so that the wall thickness with water or oil quenching is also fully hardened to the greatest possible thicknesses on the pipe and on the connectors, ie it takes on fairly uniform hardness over the full wall thickness and thus has the same strength properties.
Das soweit hergestellte Rohr für die Erdölindustrie und die Einheiten eines Bohrgestänges werden als ganzes gehärtet. Soweit der Abmessungsbereich es zulässt, wird das Tauchverfahren angewendet. Diese Teile werden daraufhin angelassen und die Wärmebehandlung endet mit der Abkühlung an Luft. Die anzuwendende Temperaturführung ergibt sich aus den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Anspruches 3. Damit haben die Teile eine auf der ganzen Länge, im besonderen im Schweißbereich und den von der Schweißwärme beeinflußten Bereich des Grundwerkstoffes im Vergleich zum glatten Rohr ein gleichmässiges ebensolches Gefüge und damit gleiche mechanische Eigenschaften sowie vergleichbare Korrosionsbeständigkeit.The pipe manufactured for the oil industry and the units of a drill pipe are hardened as a whole. As far as the dimensional range allows, the immersion process is used. These parts are then tempered and the heat treatment ends with cooling in air. The temperature control to be used results from the characterizing features of
Es folgt die meachanische Bearbeitung des Gewindes, der Dicht- und/oder Anschlagschultern.This is followed by the mechanical machining of the thread, the sealing and / or stop shoulders.
Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung betrifft eine Einheit eines Bohrgestänges und geht von folgender Stahlzusammensetzung aus (Massenprozent):
Die Ausgangsrohre werden aus Stranggußknüppeln durch Schrägwalzen, Abstrecken über einer zylindrischen Stange im Kontiwalzwerk und durch Streckreduzieren auf die Fertigabmessung 114,3 Durchmesser x 9,19 mm Wanddicke gewalzt und an ruhender Luft abgekühlt. In einer erneuten Erwärmung Jedoch nur an den Enden auf etwa 300 mm Länge wird die Wanddicke auf ca. 22 mm bei einem Außendurchmesser von etwa 131 mm angestaucht. Es erfolgt erneut Abkühlung an ruhender Luft.The output tubes are made from continuous cast billets by cross rolling, stretching over a cylindrical rod in the continuous rolling mill and by reducing the stretch to the final dimension of 114.3 diameter x 9.19 mm Wall thickness rolled and cooled in still air. In a renewed heating, however, only at the ends of about 300 mm in length, the wall thickness is compressed to about 22 mm with an outer diameter of about 131 mm. It is cooled again in still air.
Ebenso erzeugte dickwandige rohre mit einer Abmessung von 162 mm Außendurchmesser, 36 mm Wanddicke werden in Abschnitten von ca. 370 mm Länge unterteilt und paarweise zu Verbindern mit Außen- und Innengewinde roh vorgedreht. Zur Schweißstelle mit dem Rohr wird ein Übergang abgedreht.Likewise produced thick-walled pipes with a dimension of 162 mm outside diameter, 36 mm wall thickness are divided into sections of approx. 370 mm length and roughly pre-turned in pairs to connectors with external and internal thread. A transition to the welding point with the pipe is turned off.
Verbinder und Ausgangsrohr werden durch Reibschweißen verbunden und entgratet, wie dies in der DE-PS 31 33 181 beschrieben ist. Damit liegt die Bohrgestängeeinheit in voller Länge vor. So wird es einer Abschreckhärtung und einem Anlassen einer Anlage zugeführt, wie sie in der DE-PS 15 83 993 beschrieben ist. Das Abschrecken erfolgt von einer Temperatur von 890° C in Öl für etwa 120 Sekunden. Die Bohrgestängeeinheit wird danach auf einem Rost an ruhender Luft ausgelegt. Die Anlaßtemperatur beträgt 690° C. Nach der Abkühlung an Luft kann ein Richten auf Geradheit vorgesehen sein. Die Bohrgestängeeinheit hat jetzt folgende physikalische Eigenschaften
Eine Probe aus der Bohrgestängeeinheit erträgt im Test nach NACE-TM-01-77 80% der Mindeststreckgrenze von 655 N/mm2 im Dauerversuch über die vorgeschriebenen 720 Stunden hinaus.In the test according to NACE-TM-01-77, a sample from the drill pipe unit endures 80% of the minimum yield strength of 655 N / mm2 in a long-term test beyond the prescribed 720 hours.
Es folgt die mechanische Bearbeitung, die sich vom üblichen nicht unterscheidet.This is followed by mechanical processing, which does not differ from the usual.
Die einzige Figur hierzu zeigt das fertige Produkt des Ausführungsbeispiels, bestehend aus dem Ausgangsrohr 1, den Gewindeverbindern 2 und 3 und die am fertigen Rohr nicht erkennbaren Stellen der Schweißnähte 4 und 5.The only figure in this regard shows the finished product of the exemplary embodiment, consisting of the
Claims (3)
- Method for producing pipes for the petroleum and natural gas industry from thin-walled initial pipes with connectors at both pipe ends, the connectors being connected to the pipe end by welding and the weld seam being burred, heat-treated and being finished by machining,
characterised in that
the initial pipe and the connector consist of a steel containing 0.20 to 0.60% C and 0.5 to 1.8% Mn, 0.5 to 3.5% (Cr + Mo), not more than 0.02% P and not more than 0.005% S, remainder iron and usual impurities, and after welding and burring are subjected to a quenching and tempering treatment with the following temperature control:
heating to a temperature of between 50 and 200° above Ac3, chilling from this temperature to a temperature at least 200° below Ar1 and annealing to a temperature below Ac1, so that the steel has the following properties:endurance strength for ≧ 720 hours according to NACE-TM-01-77 in a test solution saturated with hydrogen sulphide of ≧ 80% of the minimum yield strength.
- Method for producing units for drilling rods for a bore in the earth, which units can be screwed together and consist of initial pipes and connectors, the initial pipe at its end which may optionally have been thickened by hot-upsetting being connected to the connectors by welding, the weld seam being burred, heat-treated and the unit being finished by machining,
characterised in that
the initial pipe and the connector consist of a steel containing 0.20 to 0.60% C, 0.5 to 1.8% Mn, 0.5 to 3.5% (Cr + Mo), not more than 0.02% P and not more than 0.005% S, remainder iron and usual impurities, and after welding and burring are subjected to a quenching and tempering treatment with the following temperature control:
heating to a temperature of between 50 and 200° above Ac3, chilling from this temperature to a temperature at least 200° below Ar1 and annealing to a temperature below Ac1, so that the steel has the following properties:endurance strength for ≧ 720 hours according to NACE-TM-01-77 in a test solution saturated with hydrogen sulphide of 80% of the minimum yield strength.
- Process according to Claim 2,
characterised in that
the initial pipe and the connector consist of a steel containing 0.40 to 0.55% C, 0.8 to 1.8% Mn, 0.5 to 3.5% (Cr - Mo), not more than 0.02% P and not more than 0.005% S, remainder iron and usual impurities, and after welding and burring are subjected to a quenching and tempering treatment so that the steel has the following properties:endurance strength for ≧ 720 hours according to NACE-TM-01-77 in a test solution saturated with hydrogen sulphide of ≧ 80% of the minimum yield strength.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19843445371 DE3445371A1 (en) | 1984-12-10 | 1984-12-10 | METHOD FOR PRODUCING TUBES FOR THE PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS INDUSTRY AND DRILL UNITS |
| DE3445371 | 1984-12-10 |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0184978A2 EP0184978A2 (en) | 1986-06-18 |
| EP0184978A3 EP0184978A3 (en) | 1988-08-24 |
| EP0184978B1 true EP0184978B1 (en) | 1991-12-27 |
Family
ID=6252612
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP85730120A Expired - Lifetime EP0184978B1 (en) | 1984-12-10 | 1985-09-11 | Process for manufacturing pipes for the petroleum and natural gas industries and for drilling rods |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4710245A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0184978B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPS61140694A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1014908B (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1245135A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3445371A1 (en) |
| NO (1) | NO167096C (en) |
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| US5871640A (en) * | 1997-03-25 | 1999-02-16 | Gavin; Norman | Filter and housing |
| US6012744A (en) * | 1998-05-01 | 2000-01-11 | Grant Prideco, Inc. | Heavy weight drill pipe |
| US6148925A (en) * | 1999-02-12 | 2000-11-21 | Moore; Boyd B. | Method of making a conductive downhole wire line system |
| CN1102673C (en) * | 2000-01-25 | 2003-03-05 | 天津钢管公司 | High strength petroleum annular tubes for prodn. of super visous crude thermal prodn. well |
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Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2895861A (en) * | 1957-05-28 | 1959-07-21 | Creusot Forges Ateliers | Process for improving stress corrosion cracking resistance of alloyed steel in hydrogen sulphide atmosphere |
| US4273159A (en) * | 1978-03-16 | 1981-06-16 | Smith International, Inc. | Earth boring apparatus with multiple welds |
| US4226645A (en) * | 1979-01-08 | 1980-10-07 | Republic Steel Corp. | Steel well casing and method of production |
| DE2935690C2 (en) * | 1979-09-04 | 1984-10-18 | Kawasaki Steel Corp., Kobe, Hyogo | Process for the manufacture of tubular steel |
| US4354882A (en) * | 1981-05-08 | 1982-10-19 | Lone Star Steel Company | High performance tubulars for critical oil country applications and process for their preparation |
| DE3344541C1 (en) * | 1983-12-09 | 1984-07-19 | Berchem & Schaberg Gmbh, 4650 Gelsenkirchen | Weldable pipes for abrasive stresses |
| JPS60141825A (en) * | 1983-12-27 | 1985-07-26 | Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd | Heat treatment of pipe body having double-pipe part |
-
1984
- 1984-12-10 DE DE19843445371 patent/DE3445371A1/en active Granted
-
1985
- 1985-09-11 EP EP85730120A patent/EP0184978B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1985-10-10 CN CN85107452A patent/CN1014908B/en not_active Expired
- 1985-10-16 JP JP60230884A patent/JPS61140694A/en active Granted
- 1985-11-20 NO NO854641A patent/NO167096C/en unknown
- 1985-12-06 CA CA000497033A patent/CA1245135A/en not_active Expired
- 1985-12-09 US US06/806,764 patent/US4710245A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| NO167096C (en) | 1991-10-02 |
| JPH0534558B2 (en) | 1993-05-24 |
| EP0184978A2 (en) | 1986-06-18 |
| CA1245135A (en) | 1988-11-22 |
| NO167096B (en) | 1991-06-24 |
| JPS61140694A (en) | 1986-06-27 |
| DE3445371A1 (en) | 1986-06-12 |
| CN85107452A (en) | 1986-05-10 |
| DE3445371C2 (en) | 1987-12-10 |
| EP0184978A3 (en) | 1988-08-24 |
| US4710245A (en) | 1987-12-01 |
| CN1014908B (en) | 1991-11-27 |
| NO854641L (en) | 1986-06-11 |
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