EP0183860B1 - Sports shoes studs, in particular for football shoes - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A cleat for sport shoes, especially football shoes, comprising a downward opening socket in the outsole (10b), the socket having at least two circumferentially spaced first socket surfaces (156b) provided inside thereof and facing away from the socket opening, a cleat body (101b), a fastening portion (18b) connected to the cleat body (101b) with at least two circumferentially spaced mounting surfaces (20b, 21b) formed integrally with said fastening portion facing the cleat body (101b) and which upon insertion and after rotation of the fastening portion (18b) about a predetermined angle of rotation come to lie essentially under surface contact against the first socket surfaces (156b) of the sockets, a further mounting surface (103b) formed integrally at the cleat body (101b) and coming to lie against the socket and mounting surfaces (156b, 20b, 21b) are in engagement with each other, at least two projections (2b, 23b) at the fastening portion (18b) which form a bayonet catch with complementary slots (31b, 30b) in the socket, abutment surfaces in the socket against which the projections (22b, 23b) come to lie limiting thereby the turning-in movement of the fastening portion (18b) and a locking means acting between the fastening portion (18b) and the socket which resists backward rotation of the turned-in fastening portion, characterized in that radial axially extending resilient elevations (158b) are formed in the socket which are respectively arranged between an abutment surface and a slot (30b, 31b) in the socket and which are deformed by the radially outwardly disposed surfaces (152b) on the projections (22b, 23b) when the fastening portion is being turned-in, and behind which the projections (22b, 23b) snap at the end of the turning-in movement.

Description

The invention relates to a stud for sports shoes, in particular soccer shoes, according to the preamble of claim 1.

Such a tunnel is known from DE-A-3242606. The attachment and socket surfaces of the attachment attachment and socket are preferably formed by two diametrically opposite surface sections. Diametrically opposed cams are also formed on the fastening attachment, which are introduced via axial slots in the mount and are guided over a ramp surface when a torque is applied to the stud body.

The stud body is pressed against the outsole, this pressing force being maintained to a sufficient extent when the cams are relieved of the axial force in the final rotational position. Compared to the contact pressure of a sole, the socket surfaces now serve as an abutment.

With the help of such a construction, the studs, including the fastening attachment, can be molded entirely from plastic material. In this way it is possible to reduce the total weight of a sports shoe. Furthermore, the risk of injury is reduced in the case of such a stud compared to conventional studs, which is summoned after sharp abrasion by sharp-edged steel pins, via which the stud body can be screwed into threaded inserts in the sole. The relatively large-area attachment and socket surfaces of the attachment attachment and socket lie against one another under prestress and can absorb high forces both in the pull-out direction and transversely thereto.

The cams already mentioned on the fastening attachment not only create the pretension between the attachment and socket surfaces, but also serve as an anti-rotation device. Only by applying a predetermined torque, it is possible to turn the fastening lug back into the insertion position in order to remove the stud. However, it can also happen that the cams deform permanently during the screwing-in process and do not ensure an anti-rotation lock to the desired extent.

The invention is therefore based on the object of creating a largely plastic-made interchangeable cleat for sports shoes, in particular soccer shoes, which has an effective anti-rotation device.

This object is achieved by the features of the characterizing part of claim 1.

In the invention it has been recognized that the pan and shoulder surfaces themselves can be used to prevent rotation. When installed, these surfaces should lie as close as possible to one another so that a power transmission can take place over a wide area. When the attachment and socket surfaces are designed according to the invention, when the attachment attachment is rotated after insertion, a certain resistance must first be overcome in order to bring the attachment and socket surfaces to cover according to an angle of rotation. In this way an effective protection against rotation is created. It can take the place of the previous anti-rotation device via the cams on the fastening attachment or supplement its function as an anti-rotation device.

Preferably, the contact area with the greatest distance from the axis of the stud body or the socket in the circumferential direction of the shoulder and socket surfaces lies in the middle between the ends. It goes without saying that, seen in the axial direction, the inventive formation of shoulder and pan surfaces can be provided over the entire extent of shoulder and pan surfaces or only over a part thereof.

The shoulder and pan surfaces can be designed as cylinders, cones or spherical surfaces. The radius of the shoulder and pan surfaces seen in the circumferential direction is advantageously the smallest at the ends and gradually increases towards the middle region. This can be achieved in that the shoulder and pan surfaces have different radii with a staggered center of circle such that the circular arcs approximately coincide in the central region, but increasingly move away from one another towards the ends. With respect to the axis, the surfaces which are circular in cross section are therefore arranged eccentrically.

When the fastening attachment is rotated in the socket, the attachment surface can run more or less easily into the socket surface, the resistance increasing, however, until it reaches a maximum value. This leads to a temporary elastic deformation of the shoulder or bearing surface, which, however, changes back again due to the spring properties of the material when the surfaces lie snugly against one another in the final rotational position.

The anti-rotation device is improved in that the attachment and pan surfaces have a relatively rough surface.

As stated in each case, the attachment and pan surfaces largely take over the forces which are transmitted from the stud body to the shoe. In order to partially relieve the shoulder and socket surfaces of the forces to be absorbed, a further embodiment of the invention provides that the stud body has a cylindrical or conical, preferably circular, peripheral system section below the shoulder surfaces of the fastening attachment, which section with a corresponding cylindrical or conical section Sole interacts. The forces acting exclusively axially on the studs are not critical. Forces acting from the side can develop considerable turning or bending moments and impair the fit of the fastening attachment in the sole. A cylindrical or conical support surface of the sole, which cooperates with a corresponding contact surface of the stud body, transmits lateral forces directly to the sole and thus relieves the fastening attachment. In this context, a further embodiment of the invention is advantageous in the case of above and / or below the cylindrical or conical system section radial, preferably circular circumferential contact sections are formed, which cooperate with corresponding radial contact sections of the sole.

Screw studs of known design have a plurality of axially parallel recesses spaced apart in the circumferential direction, into which corresponding protrusions of a socket wrench engage in order to screw the stud body in and out. In the stud according to the invention, this is not automatically released from the sole when it is unscrewed. Rather, a certain tensile force has to be applied in order to detach the fastening attachment from the socket. One embodiment of the invention therefore provides that a plurality of bayonet-slot-like recesses spaced apart in the circumferential direction are formed in the stud body with the undercut at the upper end. Lugs in the socket wrench, as they have been provided so far, reach the undercut when the stud is screwed in or out. In this way it is possible to exert a pulling force on the studs and to remove them from the sole. When screwing on and dismantling, the design of the recesses according to the invention prevents the key from slipping off. In the case of known studs, the previously used grooves without an undercut easily led to disassembly problems.

• Fig. 1 zeigt eine Druntersicht unter eine Sohle mit Stollen nach der Erfindung.
• Fig. 2 zeigt einen Schnitt durch die Darstellung nach Fig. 1 entlang der Linie 2-2.
• Fig. 3 zeigt eine Druntersicht unter die Darstellung nach Fig. 2.
• Fig. 4 zeigt äusserst schematisch einen Schnitt durch Stollen und Fassung der Darstellung nach Fig. 2 entlang der Linie 4-4.
• Fig. 5 zeigt eine Draufsicht auf den Stollen nach Fig. 2.
• Fig. 6 zeigt einen Schnit durch eine Fassung nach Fig. 2.
• Fig. 7 zeigt einen gegenüber der Darstellung nach Fig. 6 um 90° verdrehten Schnitt der Fassung.
• Fig. 8 zeigt eine Fassung nach den Figuren 5 bis 7 von oben.

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to drawings.

• Fig. 1 shows a bottom view under a sole with studs according to the invention.
• FIG. 2 shows a section through the representation according to FIG. 1 along the line 2-2.
• FIG. 3 shows a bottom view under the representation according to FIG. 2.
• FIG. 4 shows an extremely schematic section through the tunnel and socket of the representation according to FIG. 2 along the line 4-4.
• FIG. 5 shows a top view of the stud of FIG. 2.
• FIG. 6 shows a section through a socket according to FIG. 2.
• FIG. 7 shows a section of the socket rotated by 90 ° compared to the representation according to FIG. 6.
• Fig. 8 shows a version according to Figures 5 to 7 from above.

In Fig. 1 the bottom view is shown under an outsole 10 of a football shoe, which is formed by injection molding plastic material on the upper leather or in a separate operation. When shaping the sole 10, sole segments 77, 77a are placed in the mold beforehand. They can be designed in a different color. The sole segments 77, 77a are used to form one-piece sockets for receiving studs 100 which can be inserted into or removed from the socket in a manner to be described.

The stud 100 has a stud body 101 and a fastening projection 18, which is formed in one piece with the stud body 101 from plastic. The attachment lug 18 has two diametrically opposed lug surfaces 20, 21 designed as spherical surface sections, which interact with socket surfaces 14, 15 formed as spherical surface sections, which is formed in the sole segment 77a. Above the attachment surfaces 20, 21, diametrically opposed cams 22 and 23 are formed on the attachment attachment 18. They are received by angled recesses 16, 17.

Due to the attachment surfaces 20, 21, the attachment attachment has approximately the shape of a spherical section. As can be seen from FIG. 5, the attachment projection 18 is recessed cylindrically at 41 or 42. A conical section 103 is arranged on a cylindrical neck section 102 below the pan surfaces 20, 21 with a conical contact surface 104 which interacts with a corresponding conical contact surface 105 of the socket in the sole segment 77a. The upper radial ring surface of the conical section 103 bears against a corresponding ring surface of the socket. A further radial ring surface is provided below the conical section and bears against a corresponding ring surface on the sole segment 77a.

It can be seen from FIG. 5 that forces exerted laterally or obliquely on the stud 100 are partially absorbed by the conical surfaces 104, 105 and the surfaces 20, 21 and 14, 15, respectively. The cams 22, 23 on the attachment projection 18 remain largely relieved.

The version in the sole segment 77a for receiving the fastening projection 18 is shown in more detail in FIGS. 6 to 8. It has two diametrically opposite, approximately axially parallel slots 30, 31. Ramp surfaces 32 rising on both sides are formed in the upper third of the slots 30, 31. Horizontal or slightly inclined running surfaces 33 adjoin the ramp surfaces 32 in the counterclockwise direction. This is followed by sloping ramp surfaces 34, which end at the recesses 16, 17 already mentioned.

The installation of the studs 100 in the sockets in the sole segment 77 or 77a is as follows: The stud 100 is inserted into the socket formed in the sole segment 77, 77a in such a way that the cams 22, 23 can pass axially through the slots 30, 31. If the conical section 103 lies in the corresponding recess in the sole segment 77a or the flange 106 of the job body against the underside of the sole segment 77a, the underside of the cams 22, 23 has reached the rising ramp surface 32. If the lug 100 is now rotated clockwise, the cams 22, 23 move along the associated ramp surface 32. In this way, the lug 100 is pulled somewhat axially into the socket when the engaged parts are temporarily deformed elastically. With a further rotation, the cams 22, 23 then reach the falling ramp surface 34, so that the spring tension in the parts mentioned is somewhat reduced, but is still sufficient for a sufficient pressing pressure of the conical section 103 and the flange 106 against the assigned sections of the sole segment 77a. The stud 100 is now rotated until the cams 22, 23 are aligned with the angled recesses 16, 17. The cams 22, 23 can snap into the recesses 16, 17 to define the rotational position.

The described arrangement in the installed state has the consequence that the attachment surfaces 20, 21 rest against the pan surfaces 14, 15. Stops 39 in the socket prevent the cams from over-rotating.

The shoulder surfaces 20, 21 of the fastening shoulder 18 and the socket surfaces 14, 15 in the socket have slight deviations from the mathematical spherical surface shape. This can be seen from FIG. 4. FIG. 4 shows the radii of the surfaces or their distance from the central axis in a cross-sectional plane (FIG. 2). The axis is designated 108, and the cross-section results in the radius a in the case of a mathematically pure circular shape. The corresponding surfaces of the fastening insert and socket, however, only have approximately the radius a in the middle area between the ends (viewed in the direction of rotation), as indicated at 109 and 110, respectively. The distance from these points to the ends decreases because the radius with which the circular arc is formed (radius b) is at a certain distance d from the axis 108. Between the arcs with the radii a and b there are therefore four narrow difference surfaces 112 in a curved triangular shape.

During the use phase of the stud 110, the attachment surfaces 20, 21 are in the gaps between the socket surfaces 14, 15. If the fastening insert 18, as already described above, is inserted sufficiently far axially, the entire stud is rotated. The attachment surfaces 20, 21 initially run smoothly into the pan surfaces 14, 15. As the rotation progresses, the section of the attachment surfaces 20, 21 entering the socket surfaces 14, 15 has an increasingly larger diameter. The maximum difference results when the middle area of the attachment surfaces has to pass the entrance of the pan surfaces. The insertion of the attachment surfaces 20, 21 into the socket surfaces 14, 15 can therefore only take place by an elastic material displacement. Since the material of the frame and studs is flexible, a deformation occurs when the deformation forces stop acting. This is the case if the attachment surfaces 20, 21 are located completely within the socket surfaces 14, 15. In this state, the attachment surfaces 20, 21 lie snugly against the pan surfaces 14, 15. It can be seen that twisting or unscrewing the attachment surfaces 20, 21 from the socket surfaces 14, 15 can only take place with renewed deformation of the parts described. Thus, the mounting lug 18 is secured against rotation in the socket.

It can be seen from FIG. 2 that recesses are formed on the circumference of the stud body 101 for the attachment of a tool. A total of three recesses 120 arranged at a uniform circumferential distance are provided, only one of which is shown in FIG. 3. The recesses 120 have an approximately axially parallel groove 121 which is triangular in cross section and which deepens from above and widens in accordance with the enlarged circumference of the stud body 101. The base line of the groove is at the same distance from the axis 108. The groove 121 ends at the top End in a transverse recess 122, whereby shoulders 123, 124 are formed.

A suitable tool for installing and removing the stud 101 is a socket wrench which encompasses the stud body 101 and which has three lugs which are triangular in cross section and which engage in the grooves 121 when the wrench is fitted. The lugs are completely plugged into the transverse recess 122. If rotation is carried out in one or the other direction of rotation, the lugs of the socket wrench move into the corresponding sections of the transverse recess 122 and exert a torque on the lug body 101 in order to screw in or loosen the lug 100 . During this position of the socket wrench, it cannot be released from the stud body 101 by train, since the lugs of the socket wrench grip the shoulders 123 and 124, respectively. In this way, it is also possible to use a socket wrench to see the stud 101, including the attachment projection 18, from the holder when the holder is in the released rotational position. The state of the grip behind the lugs of the socket wrench is indicated in FIG. 3 in dashed lines at 123.

The described design of the recesses 120 not only serves to apply a tensile force to the stud 100, but also has the task that when the stud 101 is inserted, the key can axially apply a sufficient torque without any risk of slipping. Because of the eccentric design of the spherical surfaces of the shoulder and socket surfaces 20, 21 and 14, 15, as already described above, a not inconsiderable but limited upper torque is necessary in order to bring the surfaces described into contact.

Claims (9)

1. A cleat (100) for sport shoes, especially football shoes, comprising a downwards open socket in the outsole, in which the socket contains at least two circumferentially spaced socket surfaces each in the form of a circle sector, a cleat body (101), ), a fastening extension (18) connected to the cleat and adapted to be secured to the socket in which at least two circumferentially spaced downwardly facing mounting surfaces (20, 21) being formed at the fastening extension (18), which upon insertion and after rotation of thefastening extension (18) by a predeterminated angle of rotation come to lie substantially by surface contact against the socket surfaces of the socket, a support surface (104) formed at the cleat body (101 which under pressure from below comes to lie against the outside, if extension and socket surfaces (20,21; 14, 15) are in engagement with each other, and a rotation locking means between socket and fastening extension, characterized in that an intermediate contact portion of the extension and socket, sector-like surfaces has a larger radial distance from the respective axis (108) of the cleat body (101) and the socket than the remaining contact portions if mesured along the circumference of the extension and socket surfaces (20, 21; 14, 15).

2. Cleat according to claim 1, characterized in that the contact portion having the largest radial distance from the axis of the cleat body (101), respectively of the socket is located approximately in the center between the extremities of the sectors if locked in the direction of the circumference of extension and socket surfaces (20, 21; 14, 15).

3. Cleat according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the radius of the extension and socket surfaces (20, 21 and 14, 15, respectively) has a minimum length at the ends of the sectors and slowly increases towards the center area of the sectors if locked circumferentially.

4. Cleat according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in thatthe extension and socket surfaces (20, 21 and 14, 15, respectively) are formed as spherical surface portions and spherical cup surface portions.

5. Cleat according to claim 4, characterized in that the spherical surface portions and/or spherical cup surface portions include a relatively rough surface.

6. Cleat according to one of the claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the cleat body (101) includes a preferably circular extending, cylindrical or conical bearing portion (103, 104), below the extension surface of the fastening extension, which cooperates with a corresponding cylindrical or conical surface portion (105) of the outsole (77a, 10).

7. Cleat according to claim 6, characterized in that above and/or below the conical bearing portion (103) radial, preferably circularly extending bearing portions are formed, which cooperate with the respective radial bearing portions of the outsole (77a, 10).

8. Cleat according to one of the claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the cleat body includes a plurality of circumferentially spaced bayonet-slot-like recesses with the undercut portion (123, 124) at the upper end thereof.

9. Cleat according to claim 8, characterized in that undercut slots are formed in both directions of rotation (103, 104).

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