EP0178784A2 - Horizontal stabilisiertes Bohrlochmessgerät - Google Patents

Horizontal stabilisiertes Bohrlochmessgerät Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0178784A2
EP0178784A2 EP85306531A EP85306531A EP0178784A2 EP 0178784 A2 EP0178784 A2 EP 0178784A2 EP 85306531 A EP85306531 A EP 85306531A EP 85306531 A EP85306531 A EP 85306531A EP 0178784 A2 EP0178784 A2 EP 0178784A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
borehole
sonde
wall
force
longitudinal axis
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP85306531A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0178784A3 (de
Inventor
James E. Gaiser
Steven G. Petermann
Gary M. Karner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Atlantic Richfield Co
Original Assignee
Atlantic Richfield Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Atlantic Richfield Co filed Critical Atlantic Richfield Co
Publication of EP0178784A2 publication Critical patent/EP0178784A2/de
Publication of EP0178784A3 publication Critical patent/EP0178784A3/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
    • G01V11/00—Prospecting or detecting by methods combining techniques covered by two or more of main groups G01V1/00 - G01V9/00
    • G01V11/002—Details, e.g. power supply systems for logging instruments, transmitting or recording data, specially adapted for well logging, also if the prospecting method is irrelevant
    • G01V11/005—Devices for positioning logging sondes with respect to the borehole wall
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B23/00—Apparatus for displacing, setting, locking, releasing or removing tools, packers or the like in boreholes or wells
    • E21B23/01—Apparatus for displacing, setting, locking, releasing or removing tools, packers or the like in boreholes or wells for anchoring the tools or the like

Definitions

  • This invention is generally related to the field of seismic wave measurement and more particularly to the design of downhole apparatus for measurement of seismic waves.
  • VSP Three-component vertical seismic profiles
  • a downhole tool or sonde which carries at least three mutually perpendicular transducer elements.
  • the sonde is clamped to the borehole wall at each depth where data is to be recorded. Seismic events detected by the transducers are transmitted to a surface recorder by means of a cable.
  • the sonde In order to record three-component particle motion, the sonde must include non-vertical geophone elements. Commonly the geophones are aligned along and perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the sonde, but other orientations are used.
  • a typical prior art VSP geophone sonde is clamped in a borehole by means of a pivoted or telescopic locking arm electrically operated from the surface or by means of a non-retractable bow spring. All of these devices are designed to extend radially from the borehole sonde so as to exert horizontal locking forces against the wall of the borehole sufficient to damp the sonde in place. When the sonde is in a rigid, static state, the reaction forces exerted on the sonde by the borehole wall will equal the clamping forces.
  • the borehole-sonde system In the presence of seismic waves, the borehole-sonde system is accelerated. The forces exerted by the seismic accelerations will cause these reaction forces to vary. If the mechanical coupling of the sonde is imperfect in a particular direction, the seismic forces in that direction may exceed the corresponding reaction forces. This enables the sonde to move independently of the borehole wall in such direction. The result is that the geophone oriented to sense such seismic forces will inaccurately measure the corresponding particle motion of the earth.
  • the critical factor in acquiring good three-component VSP data is therefore the effective coupling of the VSP sonde to the borehole wall.
  • Coupling of a geophone sonde in the vertical direction is not a problem.
  • the typical sonde locking system referanced above apples locking forces in equal and opposite directions along only one horizontal axis or path, which is determined by the direction in which the locking arm extends radially toward the borehole wall.
  • the sonde is deflected by the reaction of the wall in same path oppositely sensed, until it contacts the other side of the borehole. But perpendicular to the direction of these locking and reaction forces the sonde is not rigidly coupled to the borehole.
  • seismic displacements in this perpendicular direction can cause the sonde to oscillate torsionally because there are no forces of resistance.
  • seismograms recorded from horizontal components in VSP's are typically contaminated with noise which tends to obscure the presence and alignment of both downgoing events and reflections and hence to degrade the effectiveness of the VSP as a source of information.
  • the locking arm may deflect the sonde so that one stand-off node makes contact but another does not Therefore the sonde may in fact contact the borehole at only two points instead of three, as intended. Furthermore, since the locking arm may meet the borehole wall as an acute angle rather than along a normal, such contact is inherently less secure. The above problem is aggravated by the fact that open boreholes are frequently irregular in shape. This increases the chance that the sonde may lodge in a two point contact position which may actually be less stable than if the sonde body were a smooth wall cylinder without force-spreading features. So far as Applicants are aware, therefore, the prior art has not provided adequate means for insuring the horizontal stability of a VSP sonde in all directions while it is clamped in a borehole.
  • a VSP geophone sonde in accordance with the preferred embodiment of this invention includes an elongated cylindrical body which carries radially extendable means for exerting an initial lateral clamping force against the wall of the surrounding borehole in a horizontal direction.
  • the borehole body In reaction to this clamping force the borehole body is deflected or decentralized toward the opposite side of the borehole wall.
  • the side wall of the sonde body is provided with at least two horizontally spaced apart protuberant stand-off elements through which the sonde body makes low friction, rollable contact with the borehole wall in response to such deflection.
  • these elements cause the locking force to be exerted against the borehole along at least three different radii. If initial contact with the borehole wall is asymmetric so that one such element makes only weak contact or none at all, the other element can roll against the borehole wall, causing the sonde body to pivot about a vertical axis until a more stable equilibrium is attained.
  • the stand-off element consists of cylindrical rollers partially recessed within the side wall of the borehole sonde, parallel to the longitudinal axe of the sonde body and supported for rotation about their respective axes. Two such rollers may extend a substantial portion of the length of the sonde body or two separate pairs of such rollers may be positioned respectively adjacent the opposite ends of the sonde body.
  • An alternative version of the roller arrangement substitutes a single roller for one such pair, such single roller being aligned with the path of extension of the damping means.
  • the stand-off elements may be ball bearings.
  • an initial lateral clamping force is applied to a borehole sonde by means of a laterally extendable locking arm which is provided with limited freedom of rotation about an axis concident with or parallel to the longitudinal. axis of the sonde.
  • a laterally extendable locking arm may be used in combination with fixed or reliable stand-off nodes such as described above for distributing the locking force. This construction also improves the ability of the sonde to reach a stable equilibrium in its clamped state.
  • FIGURES 1 and 2 there is illustrated a prior art sonde 10 such as VSP barehole sonde, comprising generally an elongated cylindrical sonde body 12 having chamfered upper and lower end 14 and 16. Sonde body 12 may be lowered in a borehole 18 by means of a cable (not shown) attached to threaded coupling 20 at the upper end of body 12.
  • a cable not shown
  • a locking arm such as pivotable arm 24 is extendable radially toward wall 26 of borehole 18.
  • the free end of arm 24 is provided with serrations 30 for digging into wall 26.
  • a pair of stand-off nodes such as pads 30 and 32 extending parallel to the longitudinal axis of body 12.
  • pads 30 and 32 Adjacent the lower end 16 of body 12 a similar pad 34 is attached in parallel alignment with pads 30 and 32.
  • pads 30 and 32 are angularly offset to either side of the radial path 36 of arm 24 while pad 34 lies on such path.
  • sonde 10 may carry three orthogonal geophones (not shown), one of which may conveniently be oriented to sense seismic vibrations along the longitudinal axis of body 12, the other two such geophones being situated in mutually perpendicular alignment transverse to such longitudinal axis in order to sense seismic vibrations similarly directed. So as to gather VSP data body 12 is lowered to any desired depth in borehole 18 and clamped into position.
  • sonde 50 comprises a body 52 with cylindrical side wall 54 and chamfered upper and lower ends 56 and 58.
  • Locking arm 60 is radially extendable to contact side wall 62 of borehole 64 and dig in with the aid of serrations 66.
  • Mounted on side wall 54 are an upper pair of cylindrical rollers 100 and 102 and a lower pair of similar rollers 104 and 106.
  • Roller 100 representative of each such roller, is seen to be partially recessed within side wall 22 and supported by means of pivots 107 and 108 for rotation about its longitudinal axis.
  • roller 100 like the others, may be designed as a bearing within a cylindrical race, or may even be replaced by a plurality of ball bearings.
  • Rollers 104 and 106 are coaxially aligned with rollers 100 and 102 and the total available horizontal locking force is thus shared among all four rollers. As seen in FIGURE 4, if body 52 should initially be asymmetrically aligned with borehole 64, upon extension of arm 60, rollers 100 and 104 may contact wall 62, while rollers 102 and 106 may not. In that event, rollers 100 and 104 may roll transversely on their respective axes against the surface of wall 62, enabling the sonde body 52 to shift position as shown in dotted outline on FIGURE 4. This in turn permits further radial extension of arm 60 and helps to insure full contact of rollers 102 and 106.
  • a sonde body 120 carries a locking arm 122 which is provided with serrations 124 to engage the surface of borehole wall 26.
  • Locking arm 122 is pivotabte about a transverse horizontal axis 128 within sonde body 120.
  • locking arm 122 is provided with limited freedom to pivot or wobble about the longitudinal axis of body 120 by means of a spherical bearing 132, such as for example the type manufactured by Alinabal, Division of MPB Corporation. Spherical bearing 132 receives axle 128 thus providing one degree of freedom of rotation for arm 122.
  • a race 136 mounted fixedly to arm 122 within housing 140 turns on the surface of bearing 132 to enable arm 122 limited rotary movement about a vertical axis within the angular limits established by collar 142. Coupled with wall- contacting stand-off elements 144 and 146 on the side wall of sonde body 120 this construction gives an additional degree of flexibility in seating sonde body 120 in a stable condition.
  • the embodiment of FIGURE 5 may employ a variety of different configurations for elements 144 and 146 such as rollers having axes parallel to the axis of the sonde body 120 or ball bearings or fixed cylindrical projections with axes parallel to the axis of the body or fixed spherical projections.
  • the invention described herein comprehends a sonde body adapted to be clamped in a borehole by exerting horizontal ctamping forces distributed along at least three radii of the borehole wherein means are provided enabling the sonde body to pivot about one or more vertical axes in its clamped state in order to achieve a more stable equilibrium.
  • the invention may utilise for this purpose any configuration of spaced apart Protuberant rollable elements on the side wall of a VSP sonde to be clamped in a borehole by means of a horizontally directed clamping force.
  • Such reliable elements may be employed, if desired, in conjunction with fixed stand-off members of varying configuration of which many are known to the art Or, as described, means may be introduced to permit the sonde body in a clamped condition, a limited freedom to rotate about is own axis with respect to the direction of such horizontal clamping force.
  • the common object of all such combinations is that when clamped in a borehole the sonde body setf-adjusts from an unstable to a stable equilibrium position within the borehole wall. Any means may be utilised to after the shape or internal articulation of the sonde body to achieve the purposes of this invention.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Geophysics (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)
  • Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
EP85306531A 1984-09-13 1985-09-13 Horizontal stabilisiertes Bohrlochmessgerät Withdrawn EP0178784A3 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US65013784A 1984-09-13 1984-09-13
US650137 1984-09-13

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0178784A2 true EP0178784A2 (de) 1986-04-23
EP0178784A3 EP0178784A3 (de) 1988-06-29

Family

ID=24607635

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85306531A Withdrawn EP0178784A3 (de) 1984-09-13 1985-09-13 Horizontal stabilisiertes Bohrlochmessgerät

Country Status (1)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0178784A3 (de)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2609100A1 (fr) * 1986-12-24 1988-07-01 Inst Francais Du Petrole Sonde et son dispositif d'ancrage multidirectionnel dans un puits
EP0303536A1 (de) * 1987-08-13 1989-02-15 Societe De Prospection Electrique Schlumberger Verfahren zur Kopplung einer seismischen Detektoranordnung an der Wand eines Bohrlochs und Gerät zu seiner Anwendung
EP0887663A2 (de) * 1997-06-24 1998-12-30 Texaco Development Corporation Bohrloch-seismischer-detektoranordnung mit Stabilisatoren
WO2000009854A1 (en) * 1998-08-12 2000-02-24 Gas Research Institute Method and apparatus for anchoring a tool within a cased borehole
US8526269B2 (en) * 2009-02-03 2013-09-03 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Methods and systems for deploying seismic devices
CN110018227A (zh) * 2019-04-24 2019-07-16 中国石油大学(北京) 隔水管检测装置

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3267366A (en) * 1962-09-21 1966-08-16 Schlumberger Prospection Apparatus for detecting magnetic anomalies
FR2501380A1 (fr) * 1981-03-09 1982-09-10 Inst Francais Du Petrole Dispositif d'ancrage d'un instrument dans une cavite, muni de bras escamotables
EP0100708A2 (de) * 1982-07-13 1984-02-15 Societe De Prospection Electrique Schlumberger Verfahren und Gerät zur Sammlung von seismischen Signalen in einem Bohrloch

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3267366A (en) * 1962-09-21 1966-08-16 Schlumberger Prospection Apparatus for detecting magnetic anomalies
FR2501380A1 (fr) * 1981-03-09 1982-09-10 Inst Francais Du Petrole Dispositif d'ancrage d'un instrument dans une cavite, muni de bras escamotables
EP0100708A2 (de) * 1982-07-13 1984-02-15 Societe De Prospection Electrique Schlumberger Verfahren und Gerät zur Sammlung von seismischen Signalen in einem Bohrloch

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2609100A1 (fr) * 1986-12-24 1988-07-01 Inst Francais Du Petrole Sonde et son dispositif d'ancrage multidirectionnel dans un puits
WO1988005108A1 (fr) * 1986-12-24 1988-07-14 Institut Français Du Petrole Sonde et son dispositif d'ancrage multidirectionnel dans un puits
US4898237A (en) * 1986-12-24 1990-02-06 Institut Francais Du Petrole Probe and its multidirectional anchoring device in a well
EP0303536A1 (de) * 1987-08-13 1989-02-15 Societe De Prospection Electrique Schlumberger Verfahren zur Kopplung einer seismischen Detektoranordnung an der Wand eines Bohrlochs und Gerät zu seiner Anwendung
FR2619453A1 (fr) * 1987-08-13 1989-02-17 Schlumberger Prospection Procede pour coupler un module de detection sismique a la paroi d'un sondage et sonde pour sa mise en oeuvre
US4987969A (en) * 1987-08-13 1991-01-29 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Method of coupling a seismic detector module to the wall of a borehole and a sonde for implementing the method
EP0887663A2 (de) * 1997-06-24 1998-12-30 Texaco Development Corporation Bohrloch-seismischer-detektoranordnung mit Stabilisatoren
EP0887663A3 (de) * 1997-06-24 2000-05-17 Texaco Development Corporation Bohrloch-seismischer-detektoranordnung mit Stabilisatoren
WO2000009854A1 (en) * 1998-08-12 2000-02-24 Gas Research Institute Method and apparatus for anchoring a tool within a cased borehole
US6119782A (en) * 1998-08-12 2000-09-19 Gas Research Institute Method and apparatus for anchoring a tool within a cased borehole
US8526269B2 (en) * 2009-02-03 2013-09-03 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Methods and systems for deploying seismic devices
US9036449B2 (en) 2009-02-03 2015-05-19 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Methods and systems for deploying seismic devices
CN110018227A (zh) * 2019-04-24 2019-07-16 中国石油大学(北京) 隔水管检测装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0178784A3 (de) 1988-06-29

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