EP0177152A2 - Anker für Hohlwände mit Holzrahmen und Verfahren und Metallplatte zum Herstellen eines solchen Ankers - Google Patents

Anker für Hohlwände mit Holzrahmen und Verfahren und Metallplatte zum Herstellen eines solchen Ankers Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0177152A2
EP0177152A2 EP85305939A EP85305939A EP0177152A2 EP 0177152 A2 EP0177152 A2 EP 0177152A2 EP 85305939 A EP85305939 A EP 85305939A EP 85305939 A EP85305939 A EP 85305939A EP 0177152 A2 EP0177152 A2 EP 0177152A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tie
timber frame
strip
cavity wall
cavity
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP85305939A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0177152A3 (de
Inventor
Michael Douglas Hoyland
Graham Edward Haycox
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
PRESS-BAT HOLDINGS Ltd
Original Assignee
PRESS-BAT HOLDINGS Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from GB848425050A external-priority patent/GB8425050D0/en
Priority claimed from GB858509279A external-priority patent/GB8509279D0/en
Application filed by PRESS-BAT HOLDINGS Ltd filed Critical PRESS-BAT HOLDINGS Ltd
Publication of EP0177152A2 publication Critical patent/EP0177152A2/de
Publication of EP0177152A3 publication Critical patent/EP0177152A3/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/38—Connections for building structures in general
    • E04B1/41—Connecting devices specially adapted for embedding in concrete or masonry
    • E04B1/4178—Masonry wall ties

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a cavity wall tie for use in timber frame building construction, to secure a masonry outer leaf to a timber frame inner leaf of a timber frame cavity wall.
  • a wall tie for a cavity wall is necessary to link the inner and outer leaves of the wall, and should withstand both tensile forces tending to pull the leaves apart, and compressive forces tending to push them together. It should also have some means for shedding water which may seep into the cavity and which must not be allowed to penetrate the inner leaf. Finally, since mortar used to bond the outer masonry may fall into the cavity onto ties below the working level, it is desirable that the tie should not afford a surface on which the mortar can settle, bridging the cavity and encouraging water penetration.
  • the frame tie Since the frame tie will need to move with the relative movement of the inner and outer leaves of the wall, it may lose compressive strength, or may start to allow water penetration into the inner leaf, for example.
  • the invention provides a timber frame cavity wall tie comprising an elongate strip of rigid, elastically deformable material such as metal, having:-
  • the first part of the tie may also be stiffened and the cavity bridging part may have a second unstiffened region between the first part and its adjacent twist.
  • Said unstiffened region or regions may be weakened to permit the tie to bend or deflect more readily.
  • edges of the strip may be cut away to narrow the strip at said unstiffened region or regions.
  • the drip formation may be provided by the intersection of two relatively angled portions of the lower edge of the strip.
  • the strip may be of U or V shape or arched (that is of inverted U or V shape) in side elevation at the second cavity bridging part.
  • the first part may have mortar keying formations such as ribs, grooves, notches or apertures.
  • the tie may be made of stainless steel, of galvanised mild steel or of other corrosion resistant metal.
  • the invention also has an object of providing a method of manufacturing the tie set out above which is capable of high speed operation.
  • the invention provides a method of making the tie as set out above, the method comprising feeding to a press a parallel sided strip of method of approximately the intended width of the tie and performing a series of operations on the strip including the step of performing a pressing operation laterally in the plane of the strip on a portion of the strip while constraining the adjacent portions, so as to form a U or V shaped profile.
  • the method may also include a subsequent step of twisting the strip.
  • the invention also provides a blank for making a tie as set out above, the blank comprising first and third end portions having parallel central axes and a second part of U or V shaped profile linking the first and third parts.
  • the V or U shaped second part may have limbs of unequal width and the first and third end portions may be non-aligned.
  • the third and optionally the first part of the blank may have cut away edge regions adjacent the junction with the second part of the blank.
  • the first part of the blank may have further cut away edge portions towards its free end.
  • a frame tie 10 comprising three parts formed integrally from a single strip of metal such as stainless or galvanised mild steel.
  • the first part 11 is disposed in use in a masonry outer leaf of a cavity wall, and lies horizontally in a mortar coursing joint of the masonry.
  • the second, cavity bridging part 12 is disposed primarily in a vertical plane in use.
  • the third part 13 of the tie is secured in a generally vertical plane at right angles to the plane of part 12, to a face of the inner timber frame leaf of the wall in use.
  • the tie 10 is formed with two twists, the first twist 14 being between the first and second parts 11 and 12; while the second twist 15 is between the second and third parts 12 and 13. Adjacent the second twist 15 there is additionally a bend in the tie; so that the third part 13 can extend upwardly in a vertical plane.
  • the cavity-bridging second part of the tie 12 is of an arched profile.
  • this part 12 is of inverted V shape, but it could be of another arched shape, such as inverted U shape.
  • the arch defines a pair of oppositely inclined lower edges 16 and 17 which merge with the twists 14 and 15 respectively.
  • the included angle between these edges 16 and 17 is about 150° in the example shown, but could be within a range of about 20° either way.
  • the twist 14 is formed with one edge 18 of the metal of the strip being deflected downwardly from the general plane of the first part of the strip, to merge with the lower edge 16 of the second portion.
  • the edge 16 then extends upwardly towards its junction with the other lower edge 17 of the second portion.
  • the metal strip has a downwardly deflected edge 19 at the second twist 15, which merges with the edge 17.
  • a drainage hole 20 is provided in a generally horizontal portion of the twist 15.
  • the upright third part of the tie 13 has a stiffening formation such as a rib 21, which extends to the foot of the part 13, At the start of the twist.
  • the tie is shown in use in Figures 4 and 5 of the drawings.
  • Figure 4 it is shown immediately after construction of a timber frame cavity wall, with the first part of the tie 11 embedded in the mortar of a coursing joint of the outer leaf 22.
  • the cavity bridging second part is tilted generally upwardly, with the lower edge 16 making a greater angle to the horizontal than the lower edge 17.
  • the third part is nailed at 23 to the inner timber frame leaf 24 of the wall.
  • the tie is not pre-stressed when it is built into the wall. It is strong both in tension and in compression, relying on the strength of the metal. Any moisture in the cavity will tend to trickle off the tie, which presents a narrow edge upwardly into the cavity, without any moisture trapping horizontal parts. In the event that moisture might run into the region of the twist 15 below the third part 13 of the tie, the drainage hole 20 will ensure that it is not retained. Moisture will run down to the lower edges 16 and 17 and drip off from the lowest point of the tie, at the junction of the edge 16 and the twist edge 18.
  • the inner timber frame leaf of the wall will tend to shrink and will settle downwardly relative to the outer masonry leaf, which has more dimensional stability. It is necessary, for a two storey dwelling, to allow for a relative vertical movement of up to 12 mm to take place between the two leaves.
  • Figure 5 shows the condition of the tie when this movement has taken place. It will be seen that the tie has flexed at the position between the stiffening formation 21 and the cavity-bridging second part 12 of the tie. The rib is required to prevent flexure taking place in the third part of the tie, which might tend to pull its lower end away from the inner leaf.
  • the tie will bend at the point where the resistance to bending about a horizontal transverse line is the least, that is, at the horizontally disposed central region of the twist.
  • the metal of the cavity-bridging second part of the tie has maximum resistance to bending in this sense, since such bending would be in the plane of the metal.
  • Some flexure may also take place at the twist 14 adjacent the outer leaf, where again the resistance to bending is least in the horzontal central region of the twist.
  • the tie will retain its strength in both compression and in tension as before and compressive stresses undergone during movement will have been released by the slight flexure of the tie referred to.
  • the form of mortar key shown in Figures 1 and 2 on the first part 11 of the frame tie comprises a series of regularly spaced chevron shaped corrugations 25 in the metal of the tie.
  • the free end 26 of the first part 11 has rounded corners, to reduce the risk of injury to a bricklayer from projecting sharp corners.
  • FIG 6 there is shown an alternative form of mortar key.
  • the tie has notches 27 formed in its edges alternating from side to side along the tie.
  • Each notch 27 has a transverse edge 28 and a an inclined edge 29, arranged to resist pulling out of the tie from the mortar bed in which it is seated in use.
  • the tie also has transverse corrugations 30 and holes 31, into which mortar can penetrate and set to secure the tie firmly to the outer masonry leaf 22 of the wall in use.
  • the holes 31 may have raised borders for extra keying.
  • the tie described can be manufactured by blanking and pressing operations.
  • a strip of metal of the intended final width of the ' tie would be fed longitudinally into the press and would have a series of pressing and forming operations performed on it.
  • the arched profile of the second part of the tie could be provided by restraining the portions of the strip adjacent the position at which the arch is to be formed, and applying lateral force in the plane of the strip to distort the metal into an arched profile.
  • the strip would simultaneously be prevented from buckling or twisting at the position of the arch. Any wrinkling of the metal would be straightened by the stretching of the metal during the subsequent step of forming the twists.
  • a frame tie generally indicated at 40, again comprising three parts formed integrally from a single strip of metal which is rigid and elastically deformable, for example stainless or galvanised mild steel.
  • the frame tie 40 comprises a first part 41 which is disposed in use in a masonry outer leaf of a cavity wall and lies horizontally in a mortar coursing joint of the masonry.
  • the second, cavity bridging part 42 is disposed primarily in a vertical plane in use.
  • the third part 43 of the tie is secured in a generally upright vertical plane at right angles to the plane of the second part 42, to a face of the inner timber frame leaf of the wall in use.
  • the tie 40 is formed with two twists, the first twist 44 being between the first and second parts 41 and 42, while the second twist 45 is between the second and third parts 42 and 43. Adjacent the second twist 45, there is additionally a pre-formed bend 46 in the tie so that the third part 43 can extend upwardly in a vertical plane.
  • the cavity bridging second part of the tie 42 has a profile which includes a pair of relatively angled edge portions at its lower edge, these being shown at 47 and 48.
  • the edge portions meet at a sharp or rounded obtus- ely angled point 49 which provides a drip formation from which water which may collect in the cavity of the wall in use may drip off the tie. It will be noted that the drip formation 49 is at the lowest point of the tie and that this prevents any moisture condensing in the cavity from running inwardly towards the timber frame inner leaf.
  • the lower edge 47 merges with the first twist 44 and the lower edge 48 merges with the second twist 45.
  • the edges 47 and 48 meet at an angle of about 130 0 in the example shown but this angle could be varied within a range of about 20 0 either way.
  • the bend 46 at the foot of the third part 43 of the tie is at a higher level than the general plane of the first part of 41 of the tie. This is the initial condition of the tie as manufactured and as secured in place in a wall. However, the tie is designed to accommodate considerable movement of the inner leaf of the wall for reasons already described.
  • Both the first part 41 and the third part 43 of the tie have stiffening means adjacent, but slightly spaced from, the neighbouring twists 44 and 45.
  • the first part 41 of the tie in addition to the chevron type pressed mortar keying formations 50, has a U shaped rib 51 pressed upwardly into its surface as best seen in Figure 8 of the drawings.
  • Optional edge cut outs 67 may improve mortar keying.
  • the third part 43 of the tie has a broad flattened rib 52 running throughout its length down to the pre-formed bend 46. In use; both the first and third parts are therefore rigidified.
  • cut outs 53, 54 are provided in the side edges of the tie to reduce the width of the metal and hence reduce the resistance to bending at two bend regions between the stiffening formations 51, 52 and the adjacent twists 44, 45.
  • cut outs are optional and their size and shape may be varied to provide the desired stiffness and flexibility characteristics.
  • Figure 13 shows the tie 40 in use in a cavity wall comprising a brick or block work outer masonry leaf 55 and a timber frame inner leaf 56.
  • the first part 41 of the tie is embedded in a mortar coursing joint 57 of the outer leaf 55 and it will be seen that the mortar keying formations 50 on the first portion of the tie tend to widen in a direction away from the wall cavity 58 which lies between the inner and outer skins.
  • the third part 43 of the tie is secured by a single nail 59 to the timber frame inner leaf 56.
  • the nail is preferably of stainless steel and has annular rings on its shank, to increase its resistance to withdrawal from the timber.
  • the inner timber frame leaf 56 of the wall will tend to shrink and will settle downwardly relative to the outer masonry leaf 55, which has more dimensional stability. It is necessary, for a two storey dwelling, to allow for a relative vertical movement of up to 12 mm to take place between the two leaves.
  • Figure 14 of the drawings shows the condition of the tie when this movement has taken place. It will be seen that the tie has flexed at the weakened, unstiffened region of the cut outs 54, while the stiffened third part of the tie 43 remains firmly against the timber frame to ensure that there is no tendency for the nail 59 to pull out.
  • Figure 10 of the drawings shows a first embodiment of blank from which the tie 40 is manufactured.
  • the blank 60 will be seen to have a first part 61, corresponding to the first part 41 of the tie, a generally V shaped second part 62 corresponding to the cavity bridging part 42 of the tie, and a third part 63 corresponding to the upright third part of the tie.
  • the angled second part 62 has the edges 47, 48 which meet at the drip formation point 49.
  • there are two equivalent angled edges 64 and 65 which are provided purely for manufacturing reasons, so that a series of strips can be stamped from a larger sheet of metal with minimum wastage.
  • Suitable cut outs 53 and 54 are provided to define the weakened regions and a hole 66 is punched in the third portion of the blank to accommodate the fixing nail 59 shown in Figures 5 and 6.
  • the first and third parts 61 and 63 of the blank are not aligned with each other although they have parallel axes.
  • the reason for this offset is that the twists 44 and 45 are formed in the portions of the blanks 44', 45' which are between the dotted lines shown in Figure 4.
  • the region 44' lies within the generally V shaped central region of the blank whereas the twist region 45' lies in a part of the tie which is aligned with the third part of the tie. If no offset were provided, the twisting of the tie in manufacture would produce an offset between the axes of the two end portions of the tie. By offsetting the axes of these end portions in the blank, the offset caused by the twisting operation is reduced although a slight offset, typically 0.54 mm, is allowed for' in the finished product.
  • Figure 12 shows a blank for making a'slightly further modification of the tie.
  • the axes of the first and third parts 71 and 73 of the blank are aligned and the vee shaped formation of the second part 72 of the blank is symmetrical.
  • Additional edge cut outs 67 may be provided on the first part 71 of the blank to assist in mortar keying.
  • Figure 11 of the drawings shows the tie formed from the blank of Figure 12, from which it can be seen that the plane of the upright cavity bridging part is slightly off-set from the axial central plane of the first and third end portions of the tie.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Forms Removed On Construction Sites Or Auxiliary Members Thereof (AREA)
EP85305939A 1984-10-04 1985-08-21 Anker für Hohlwände mit Holzrahmen und Verfahren und Metallplatte zum Herstellen eines solchen Ankers Withdrawn EP0177152A3 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB848425050A GB8425050D0 (en) 1984-10-04 1984-10-04 Wall tie
GB8425050 1984-10-04
GB8509279 1985-04-11
GB858509279A GB8509279D0 (en) 1985-04-11 1985-04-11 Cavity wall tie

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0177152A2 true EP0177152A2 (de) 1986-04-09
EP0177152A3 EP0177152A3 (de) 1987-02-25

Family

ID=26288302

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85305939A Withdrawn EP0177152A3 (de) 1984-10-04 1985-08-21 Anker für Hohlwände mit Holzrahmen und Verfahren und Metallplatte zum Herstellen eines solchen Ankers

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0177152A3 (de)
GB (1) GB2165275B (de)
IE (1) IE56803B1 (de)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3801823A1 (de) * 1988-01-22 1989-08-03 Hilti Ag Verankerung fuer zweischalen-mauerwerk
WO1991017327A1 (en) * 1990-05-08 1991-11-14 Kevin Graham Doole Brick veneer wall ties
WO2006114177A1 (en) * 2005-04-26 2006-11-02 Rockwool International A/S A cavity wall and a wall anchor for such
US11401709B2 (en) 2017-10-31 2022-08-02 Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc. Brick tie gap connector

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2188343B (en) * 1986-03-25 1989-11-29 Harris & Edgar Limited Remedial wall tie and method of repairing a wall therewith
GB2289074B (en) * 1995-03-22 1996-07-03 Wimpey Construction Masonry cavity wall tie

Citations (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB306671A (en) * 1928-01-18 1929-02-28 James Tredwel Mckenzie Improvements in and relating to wall ties for binding hollow walls
GB354095A (en) * 1930-09-12 1931-08-06 Harold Berridge Improvements in or relating to wall-ties
GB537624A (en) * 1940-01-13 1941-06-30 William Herbert Smith Improvements in or relating to walls and wall ties
GB602778A (en) * 1945-11-19 1948-06-02 Leonard King Improvements in or relating to building constructions and to tie-rods for use therein
US3300939A (en) * 1963-10-17 1967-01-31 Dur O Wal National Inc Combination adjustable tie and joint reinforcement for wall constructions
GB1576712A (en) * 1977-05-11 1980-10-15 Plastic Dev Tech Ltd Bracket for use in the building industry
GB2047767A (en) * 1979-03-17 1980-12-03 Martin K C Cavity-wall tie with member(s) for retaining insulation
GB2052601A (en) * 1979-05-25 1981-01-28 Callan P An Improved Wall Tie
GB2063329A (en) * 1979-11-02 1981-06-03 Catnic Components Ltd Wall-ties
GB2073279A (en) * 1981-03-19 1981-10-14 Shaughnessy J Wall ties and methods of manufacturing wall ties
GB2095305A (en) * 1981-03-19 1982-09-29 Expanded Metal The Co Ltd Wall-tie
GB2111095A (en) * 1981-08-12 1983-06-29 Glasgow Steel Nail Company Lim Wall Tie
GB2131848A (en) * 1982-12-13 1984-06-27 Catnic Components Ltd Wall-ties
EP0118176A2 (de) * 1983-02-05 1984-09-12 Bat Building & Engineering Products Limited Hohlwandanker, Konstruktionsverfahren und Hohlwandkonstruktion

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB137883A (en) * 1918-12-30 1920-01-29 David Dunbar Improvements in and relating to holdfast devices for retaining wooden straps, laths and the like in brickwork, stonework and like structures
GB576569A (en) * 1944-01-24 1946-04-10 Livingstone Construction Compa Improvements relating to building units
GB2052589B (en) * 1979-06-02 1983-01-26 Goldie & Sons Ltd H Wall tiles
GB2131858A (en) * 1982-12-13 1984-06-27 Catnic Components Ltd A cramp
GB2135356B (en) * 1983-02-16 1986-04-16 Harris & Edgar Limited Wall tie

Patent Citations (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB306671A (en) * 1928-01-18 1929-02-28 James Tredwel Mckenzie Improvements in and relating to wall ties for binding hollow walls
GB354095A (en) * 1930-09-12 1931-08-06 Harold Berridge Improvements in or relating to wall-ties
GB537624A (en) * 1940-01-13 1941-06-30 William Herbert Smith Improvements in or relating to walls and wall ties
GB602778A (en) * 1945-11-19 1948-06-02 Leonard King Improvements in or relating to building constructions and to tie-rods for use therein
US3300939A (en) * 1963-10-17 1967-01-31 Dur O Wal National Inc Combination adjustable tie and joint reinforcement for wall constructions
GB1576712A (en) * 1977-05-11 1980-10-15 Plastic Dev Tech Ltd Bracket for use in the building industry
GB2047767A (en) * 1979-03-17 1980-12-03 Martin K C Cavity-wall tie with member(s) for retaining insulation
GB2052601A (en) * 1979-05-25 1981-01-28 Callan P An Improved Wall Tie
GB2063329A (en) * 1979-11-02 1981-06-03 Catnic Components Ltd Wall-ties
GB2073279A (en) * 1981-03-19 1981-10-14 Shaughnessy J Wall ties and methods of manufacturing wall ties
GB2095305A (en) * 1981-03-19 1982-09-29 Expanded Metal The Co Ltd Wall-tie
GB2111095A (en) * 1981-08-12 1983-06-29 Glasgow Steel Nail Company Lim Wall Tie
GB2131848A (en) * 1982-12-13 1984-06-27 Catnic Components Ltd Wall-ties
EP0118176A2 (de) * 1983-02-05 1984-09-12 Bat Building & Engineering Products Limited Hohlwandanker, Konstruktionsverfahren und Hohlwandkonstruktion

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3801823A1 (de) * 1988-01-22 1989-08-03 Hilti Ag Verankerung fuer zweischalen-mauerwerk
WO1991017327A1 (en) * 1990-05-08 1991-11-14 Kevin Graham Doole Brick veneer wall ties
WO2006114177A1 (en) * 2005-04-26 2006-11-02 Rockwool International A/S A cavity wall and a wall anchor for such
EA011371B1 (ru) * 2005-04-26 2009-02-27 Роквул Интернэшнл А/С Полая стена и стенной анкер для неё
US11401709B2 (en) 2017-10-31 2022-08-02 Simpson Strong-Tie Company Inc. Brick tie gap connector

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IE56803B1 (en) 1991-12-18
EP0177152A3 (de) 1987-02-25
GB2165275B (en) 1988-04-07
GB2165275A (en) 1986-04-09
GB8520898D0 (en) 1985-09-25
IE852084L (en) 1986-04-04

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Inventor name: HOYLAND, MICHAEL DOUGLAS