EP0176512A1 - Securing components to springs of composite material - Google Patents

Securing components to springs of composite material

Info

Publication number
EP0176512A1
EP0176512A1 EP84902352A EP84902352A EP0176512A1 EP 0176512 A1 EP0176512 A1 EP 0176512A1 EP 84902352 A EP84902352 A EP 84902352A EP 84902352 A EP84902352 A EP 84902352A EP 0176512 A1 EP0176512 A1 EP 0176512A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
spring
component
resilient material
recess
secured
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP84902352A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Adrian Beggars Roost TUCKER-PEAKE
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
GKN Technology Ltd
Original Assignee
GKN Technology Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by GKN Technology Ltd filed Critical GKN Technology Ltd
Publication of EP0176512A1 publication Critical patent/EP0176512A1/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F1/00—Springs
    • F16F1/36—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers
    • F16F1/366—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers made of fibre-reinforced plastics, i.e. characterised by their special construction from such materials
    • F16F1/368—Leaf springs
    • F16F1/3683—Attachments or mountings therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G11/00—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs
    • B60G11/02—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs having leaf springs only
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G11/00—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs
    • B60G11/02—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs having leaf springs only
    • B60G11/10—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs having leaf springs only characterised by means specially adapted for attaching the spring to axle or sprung part of the vehicle
    • B60G11/113—Mountings on the axle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2200/00—Indexing codes relating to suspension types
    • B60G2200/30—Rigid axle suspensions
    • B60G2200/31—Rigid axle suspensions with two trailing arms rigidly connected to the axle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2204/00—Indexing codes related to suspensions per se or to auxiliary parts
    • B60G2204/40—Auxiliary suspension parts; Adjustment of suspensions
    • B60G2204/43—Fittings, brackets or knuckles
    • B60G2204/4306—Bracket or knuckle for rigid axles, e.g. for clamping

Definitions

  • This invention relates to leaf springs of composite, fibre reinforced resin, material, and more particularly to the securing of other components to such springs by being clamped thereto.
  • a component which may be so secured to a spring is an axle beam for use in an automotive vehicle, which typically is held to a leaf spring in the centre region thereof by clamping means such as U- bolts.
  • clamping means when tightened, holds the component in a fixed position relative to the spring, it is desirable to provide some form of locating means to provide a desired relative position between the spring and component during assembly.
  • a further desirable provision is that of some form of load distributing element between the clamped surfaces between the spring and component, to spread the load into the composite material of the spring and prevent the initiation of fatigue cracks into the spring material.
  • the resilient element also, if bonded to the spring, resists penetration of dirt to the clamped surfaces of the spring and component, which would otherwise potentially cause abrasive damage to the surface of the spring.
  • an element adapted to be interposed between the surface of a spring of composite material and a component secured to the spring by clamping means the element comprising a sheet of resilient material having, on one side, a protruding formation engagable with a shallow, sloping walled, recess in the spring and, on the other side, a further protruding formation engagable with a recess in the component.
  • the resilient material preferably is a polyurethane rubber material, and, although such a material is not sufficiently strong to resist shear stresses imposed thereon if the clamping means permitted the component to move relative to the spring under loads when in service, in practice the clamping means does not permit any tendency towards such relative movement and hence the material is not excessively stressed.
  • the provision of the protruding formations on opposite sides of the element of resilient material is adequate to ensure correct relative positioning between the spring and component during assembly.
  • Said one protruding formation may be of frusto-conical form, or comprise a shallow dome, to engage with a recess of like form in the spring.
  • the further protruding formation may be of cylindrical form, to engage in a cylindrical socket or aperture in the component.
  • the advantage of the formation, which engages with a recess in the spring, being of shallow frusto-conical or domed configuration is that such a form of recess can be incorporated in a composite spring during manufacture thereof in a moulding process without having a disadvantagous effect on the disposition of fibres in the spring.
  • the characteristics of a composite spring are dependant inter alia on the fibre disposition in the spring, and to provide a deep recess therein or one with sharp corners would provide serious discontinuities in the fibres of a spring, adversely affecting the properties thereof.
  • to provide a cylindrical socket or aperture in the component to be secured to the spring which usually will be of iron, steel or aluminium, is not in general so disadvantagous.
  • a reinforcing member eg a metal peg, may be incorporated in one or both of said formations of the element of resilient material
  • the invention also provides an assembly comprising a spring, a component held against a surface thereof by clamping means, and an element, according to the first aspect of the invention, interposed between the spring and the component.
  • Figure 1 is a side elevation of an assembly according to the invention.
  • Figure 2 shows a resilient element according to the invention.
  • FIG 1 of the drawings shows a central portion of a leaf spring 10, made of composite, fiber reinforced resin, material.
  • the spring may comprise glass fibres set in an epoxy resin, the spring being formed to its final shape in a moulding process during which the resin is cured.
  • a component 11 which here is a seat for an axle beam 12
  • clamping means in the form of U bolts 14 and nuts 15.
  • U bolts embrace an abutment plate 13
  • An element 16 in the form of a sheet of a resilient material is interposed between the component 11, and the undersurface of the spring 10.
  • FIG. 2 of the drawings shows in side elevation the element 16 comprising a flat sheet 20 of a resilient material such as an appropriate grade of polyurethane rubber.
  • a resilient material such as an appropriate grade of polyurethane rubber.
  • An example of a suitable material is Dunlop 'Prescollan 80-C-13', which has been found suitable for use generally in automotive spring installations. Clearly however the material would be selected so that its properties, eg hardness, are suitable for the particular installation under consideration.
  • the element On one side, the element has a protruding formation 21 in the form of two superimposed frusto-conical portions of different apex angle. On the opposite side, the element has a cylindrical protruding formation 22. These formations are integral with the flat sheet part 20 of the element and the whole element is manufactured by a moulding process.
  • the element When in use, the element is interposed between the surface of the composite spring 10 and the component 11 which is secured to the spring by being clamped thereto.
  • the formations 21, 22 engage in a correspondingly shaped recess in the spring and socket or aperture 18 in the component, respectively. These provide for correct relative positioning between the spring and component during assembly.
  • the element preferably is secured to the spring by use of a suitable adhesive.
  • the element may be reinforced by a metal peg or the like 23 occupying a bore formed in the element during moulding thereof. As illustrated, the reinforcing member extends through the formation 22 into the base of the formation 21.
  • An element in the form of a plain sheet of resilient material is interposed between the abutment plate 13 and spring 10. Such element has no projecting formations, since the requirement for alignment with the spring is with component 11 rather than plate 13.

Abstract

An element comprising a sheet 20 of resilient material having on one side a protruding formation 21 engagabie with a shallow, sloping walled, recess 17 in a composite spring, and, on the other side, a further formation 22 engagable with a recess in a component 18 to be secured to the spring. When the component 18, eg an axle part, is secured to the spring by being clamped thereto, the resilient material acts as a load spreading element and provides relative location between the spring and component during assembly.

Description

SECURING COMPONENTS TO SPRINGS OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL
This invention relates to leaf springs of composite, fibre reinforced resin, material, and more particularly to the securing of other components to such springs by being clamped thereto. One example of a component which may be so secured to a spring, is an axle beam for use in an automotive vehicle, which typically is held to a leaf spring in the centre region thereof by clamping means such as U- bolts.
Whilst the clamping means, when tightened, holds the component in a fixed position relative to the spring, it is desirable to provide some form of locating means to provide a desired relative position between the spring and component during assembly. A further desirable provision is that of some form of load distributing element between the clamped surfaces between the spring and component, to spread the load into the composite material of the spring and prevent the initiation of fatigue cracks into the spring material.
The resilient element also, if bonded to the spring, resists penetration of dirt to the clamped surfaces of the spring and component, which would otherwise potentially cause abrasive damage to the surface of the spring.
It is the object of the present invention to meet these requirements as far as possible in a manner which is economical, convenient and effective in use, requiring a minimum of separate parts.
According to one aspect of the present invention, we provide an element adapted to be interposed between the surface of a spring of composite material and a component secured to the spring by clamping means, the element comprising a sheet of resilient material having, on one side, a protruding formation engagable with a shallow, sloping walled, recess in the spring and, on the other side, a further protruding formation engagable with a recess in the component.
By the use of such an element, the necessity of providing any other locating means operative between the spring and component to maintain them in the correct relative position during assembly is avoided. The resilient material preferably is a polyurethane rubber material, and, although such a material is not sufficiently strong to resist shear stresses imposed thereon if the clamping means permitted the component to move relative to the spring under loads when in service, in practice the clamping means does not permit any tendency towards such relative movement and hence the material is not excessively stressed. The provision of the protruding formations on opposite sides of the element of resilient material is adequate to ensure correct relative positioning between the spring and component during assembly.
Said one protruding formation may be of frusto-conical form, or comprise a shallow dome, to engage with a recess of like form in the spring. The further protruding formation may be of cylindrical form, to engage in a cylindrical socket or aperture in the component.
The advantage of the formation, which engages with a recess in the spring, being of shallow frusto-conical or domed configuration is that such a form of recess can be incorporated in a composite spring during manufacture thereof in a moulding process without having a disadvantagous effect on the disposition of fibres in the spring. The characteristics of a composite spring are dependant inter alia on the fibre disposition in the spring, and to provide a deep recess therein or one with sharp corners would provide serious discontinuities in the fibres of a spring, adversely affecting the properties thereof. On the other hand, to provide a cylindrical socket or aperture in the component to be secured to the spring, which usually will be of iron, steel or aluminium, is not in general so disadvantagous.
A reinforcing member, eg a metal peg, may be incorporated in one or both of said formations of the element of resilient material
The invention also provides an assembly comprising a spring, a component held against a surface thereof by clamping means, and an element, according to the first aspect of the invention, interposed between the spring and the component.
The invention will now be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings, of which
Figure 1 is a side elevation of an assembly according to the invention.
Figure 2 shows a resilient element according to the invention.
Referring firstly to figure 1 of the drawings, this shows a central portion of a leaf spring 10, made of composite, fiber reinforced resin, material. By way of example, the spring may comprise glass fibres set in an epoxy resin, the spring being formed to its final shape in a moulding process during which the resin is cured. In a typical motor vehicle installation as illustrated a component 11, which here is a seat for an axle beam 12, is held to the spring in its central region by clamping means in the form of U bolts 14 and nuts 15. On the side of the spring opposite the component 11, the U bolts embrace an abutment plate 13 An element 16 in the form of a sheet of a resilient material is interposed between the component 11, and the undersurface of the spring 10.
Referring now to Figure 2 of the drawings, this shows in side elevation the element 16 comprising a flat sheet 20 of a resilient material such as an appropriate grade of polyurethane rubber. An example of a suitable material is Dunlop 'Prescollan 80-C-13', which has been found suitable for use generally in automotive spring installations. Clearly however the material would be selected so that its properties, eg hardness, are suitable for the particular installation under consideration.
On one side, the element has a protruding formation 21 in the form of two superimposed frusto-conical portions of different apex angle. On the opposite side, the element has a cylindrical protruding formation 22. These formations are integral with the flat sheet part 20 of the element and the whole element is manufactured by a moulding process.
When in use, the element is interposed between the surface of the composite spring 10 and the component 11 which is secured to the spring by being clamped thereto. The formations 21, 22 engage in a correspondingly shaped recess in the spring and socket or aperture 18 in the component, respectively. These provide for correct relative positioning between the spring and component during assembly. To prevent penetration of abrasive dirt to the spring surface, the element preferably is secured to the spring by use of a suitable adhesive.
The element may be reinforced by a metal peg or the like 23 occupying a bore formed in the element during moulding thereof. As illustrated, the reinforcing member extends through the formation 22 into the base of the formation 21. An element in the form of a plain sheet of resilient material is interposed between the abutment plate 13 and spring 10. Such element has no projecting formations, since the requirement for alignment with the spring is with component 11 rather than plate 13.

Claims

1. An element (16) adapted to be interposed between the surface of a spring (10) of composite material and a component (11) secured to the spring by clamping means (14, 15), the element (16) comprising a sheet of resilient material characterised by having, on one side, a protruding formation (21) engagable with a shallow, sloping walled, recess in the spring (10) and, on the other side, a further protruding formation (22) engagable with a recess in the component (16).
2. An element according to claim 1 further characterised in that said resilient material is a polyurethane rubber material.
3. An element according to claim 1 or claim 2 further characterised in that said one protruding formation (21) is of shallow domed or frusto-conical form, to engage with a recess (17) of like form in the spring (10).
4. An element according to any one of claims 1 to 3 further characterised in that said further protruding formation (22) is of cylindrical form, to engage In a cylindrical socket or aperture (18) in the component (11).
5. An element according to any one of the preceding claims further characterised in that a reinforcing member (23) is incorporated in at least one of said formations (21, 22) of the element (16) of resilient material.
6. An assembly comprising a spring (10) of composite material, a component (11) lying against a surface of the spring, and clamping means (14, 15) holding said component to the spring, characterised by an element (16) in the form of a sheet of resilient material interposed between the spring and component and having formations (21, 22) on opposite sides engaging in recesses (17, 18) in the spring and component respectively.
7. An assembly according to claim 6 wherein said element (16) of resilient material is secured by adhesive to the spring.
EP84902352A 1983-06-08 1984-05-29 Securing components to springs of composite material Pending EP0176512A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB838315704A GB8315704D0 (en) 1983-06-08 1983-06-08 Securing components to springs of composite material
GB8315704 1983-06-08

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0176512A1 true EP0176512A1 (en) 1986-04-09

Family

ID=10543966

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP84902352A Pending EP0176512A1 (en) 1983-06-08 1984-05-29 Securing components to springs of composite material
EP84303594A Expired EP0130688B1 (en) 1983-06-08 1984-05-29 Securing components to springs of composite material

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP84303594A Expired EP0130688B1 (en) 1983-06-08 1984-05-29 Securing components to springs of composite material

Country Status (11)

Country Link
EP (2) EP0176512A1 (en)
JP (1) JPS60501514A (en)
AT (1) ATE31792T1 (en)
AU (1) AU569899B2 (en)
BR (1) BR8407132A (en)
DE (1) DE3468496D1 (en)
DK (1) DK56785A (en)
ES (1) ES8504360A1 (en)
GB (2) GB8315704D0 (en)
WO (1) WO1984004949A1 (en)
ZA (1) ZA844199B (en)

Families Citing this family (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB8508705D0 (en) * 1985-04-03 1985-05-09 Gkn Technology Ltd Securing components to springs of composite material
GB2174174A (en) * 1985-04-25 1986-10-29 Gkn Technology Ltd Securing components to leaf springs
DE3532297C1 (en) * 1985-09-11 1987-04-23 Arbed Techno Gmbh Fiber-reinforced plastic leaf spring
AT391357B (en) * 1987-03-16 1990-09-25 Hoesch Isocar Gmbh PARTICULARLY CLAMPING APPARATUS FOR A LEAF SPRING MADE OF FIBER REINFORCED PLASTIC
GB8812310D0 (en) * 1988-05-24 1988-06-29 Rubery Owen Rockwell Ltd Attachment of components to composite members
CA2062919C (en) * 1991-12-20 2002-01-15 Michael M. May Jamb liner
DE29616351U1 (en) * 1996-09-19 1996-11-14 Sauer Achsenfab Clamping for the axle body of a vehicle axle
US6808674B1 (en) 2001-04-02 2004-10-26 Rubbermaid Incorporated Enclosed area on a blow molded article and method of making the same
AT520413A1 (en) * 2017-09-14 2019-03-15 Hendrickson Comm Vehicle Sys Europe Gmbh A leaf spring for use in conjunction with a suspension of a vehicle
DE102017127935B4 (en) * 2017-11-27 2022-05-25 Sgl Carbon Se Leaf spring with a spring body made of fiber composite material and a center clamp
CN111930104B (en) * 2020-08-18 2023-02-03 云南电网有限责任公司德宏供电局 Portable temperature controller checking system based on oil groove

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR618478A (en) * 1926-06-30 1927-03-10 Springs with compensating bar for the suspension of cars of all categories
BE355262A (en) * 1927-07-21
DE6608349U (en) * 1968-05-10 1971-08-26 Brueninghaus Gmbh Stahlwerke CENTER FASTENING FOR SPRING BLADES.
US3900357A (en) * 1970-05-04 1975-08-19 Edgewater Corp Composite material springs and manufacture
US3891197A (en) * 1973-10-15 1975-06-24 Gus L Poulos Single leaf spring
DE3163985D1 (en) * 1980-08-30 1984-07-12 Gkn Group Services Ltd Composite springs
AU561347B2 (en) * 1982-04-21 1987-05-07 Gkn Technology Limited Composite leaf springs

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO8404949A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB2172959B (en) 1987-09-23
ES533273A0 (en) 1985-04-01
DE3468496D1 (en) 1988-02-11
BR8407132A (en) 1985-10-08
WO1984004949A1 (en) 1984-12-20
JPS60501514A (en) 1985-09-12
DK56785D0 (en) 1985-02-07
GB8432028D0 (en) 1985-01-30
AU3016684A (en) 1985-01-04
GB8315704D0 (en) 1983-07-13
ATE31792T1 (en) 1988-01-15
ES8504360A1 (en) 1985-04-01
EP0130688A1 (en) 1985-01-09
DK56785A (en) 1985-02-07
EP0130688B1 (en) 1988-01-07
ZA844199B (en) 1985-02-27
GB2172959A (en) 1986-10-01
AU569899B2 (en) 1988-02-25

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Inventor name: TUCKER-PEAKE, ADRIANBEGGARS ROOST