EP0167739B1 - Ignition device for a combustion engine - Google Patents

Ignition device for a combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0167739B1
EP0167739B1 EP85105351A EP85105351A EP0167739B1 EP 0167739 B1 EP0167739 B1 EP 0167739B1 EP 85105351 A EP85105351 A EP 85105351A EP 85105351 A EP85105351 A EP 85105351A EP 0167739 B1 EP0167739 B1 EP 0167739B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ignition
ignition device
spark plug
housing
insulating bodies
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP85105351A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0167739A1 (en
Inventor
Helmuth Bott
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Dr Ing HCF Porsche AG
Original Assignee
Dr Ing HCF Porsche AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dr Ing HCF Porsche AG filed Critical Dr Ing HCF Porsche AG
Publication of EP0167739A1 publication Critical patent/EP0167739A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0167739B1 publication Critical patent/EP0167739B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
    • H01T13/20—Sparking plugs characterised by features of the electrodes or insulation
    • H01T13/22—Sparking plugs characterised by features of the electrodes or insulation having two or more electrodes embedded in insulation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
    • H01T13/46—Sparking plugs having two or more spark gaps
    • H01T13/467—Sparking plugs having two or more spark gaps in parallel connection

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an ignition device for a spark-ignited reciprocating internal combustion engine according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the object of the invention is to further develop a double ignition device in such a way that it ensures improved ignition safety and that low costs arise for the development and manufacture of this ignition device.
  • Both center electrodes are surrounded by separate insulating bodies and connected to the ignition distributor by separate ignition lines.
  • the ignition device consists of two separately producible plug bodies which, together with the ignition lines and ground electrodes, form two ignition circuits which are electrically insulated from one another, so that if one ignition circuit fails, the other still remains fully functional.
  • the insulating bodies have a semicircular cross section and are in contact with one another with their longitudinal surfaces. The radial extent of the ignition device is thus reduced. Since the candle bodies are designed in such a way that the ignition conditions are more favorable for a rich mixture and the other one for a lean mixture, the ignition reliability can be improved with different operating modes of the internal combustion engine.
  • An ignition device with two plug bodies 5 and 6 is screwed into the cylinder head 1 of an internal combustion engine, which together with a recess 2 of the piston 3 forms a rotationally symmetrical combustion chamber 4, as used in a modern aircraft engine.
  • the candle bodies 5 and 6 are centered and held in a metallic candle housing 7, which is screwed into the cylinder head 1 with the interposition of a sealing ring 8.
  • the identically designed center electrodes 9 of the plug bodies 5, 6 consist of a lower electrode pin 10 projecting into the combustion chamber 4, a connecting pin 11 and an electrically conductive glass melt 12 connecting them shown Zündlei t Ungen with candles connectors are to be attached.
  • the electrode pins 10 When the ignition voltage is applied, the electrode pins 10 generate the ignition sparks together with ground electrodes 14 and 15, which are bent into a hook shape and are attached to the candle housing 7.
  • the center electrodes 9 are encased with insulating bodies 16 and 17, which have a semicircular cross section in the area outside the cylinder head 1 and rest against one another with their flat longitudinal surfaces 18 and 19.
  • both insulating bodies 16 and 17 are centered in the middle and in the upper area of the candle housing 7.
  • They are supported on a housing shoulder 22 and are held by a flange ring 23.
  • the combustion chamber-side sections 24 and 25 of the insulating bodies 16, 17 below the housing shoulder 22 are circular in cross-section and are designed to taper conically towards the combustion chamber 4.
  • gaps 26 and 27 are formed between the conical sections 24, 25, which serve to close a breathing space
  • the ignition device is screwed in centrally in a four-valve cylinder head.
  • a threaded ring 31 is screwed into the plug housing 30 for axially fixing the insulating bodies 16, 17, to which the flange ring 23 is attached. In this way it becomes possible to replace both candle bodies 5, 6 separately.
  • the threaded ring 31 and the candle housing 30 are provided on the outside with hexagon wrench surfaces.
  • the center electrodes are parallel over their entire length.
  • their connecting ends to the ignition lines could be angled in opposite directions, for example by 45 °, so that more space is available for the insulating bodies at this point.

Landscapes

  • Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Spark Plugs (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Zündvorrichtung für eine fremdgezündete Hubkolben-Brennkraftmaschine nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to an ignition device for a spark-ignited reciprocating internal combustion engine according to the preamble of claim 1.

Bei einer derartigen, aus US-A-1 385 529 bekannten Zündvorrichtung sind die mit Masseelektroden zusammenwirkenden beiden Mittelelektroden von einem einstückigen Isolierkörper ummantelt und über eine sie verbindende metallische Brücke und einen Anschlußstift an eine gemeinsame Zündleitung zum Zündverteiler angeschlossen. Da nur eine Zündleitung vorgesehen ist, wird das angestrebte Ziel einer erhöhten Zündsicherheit nur unvollkommen erreicht. Außerdem ist für diese Zündvorrichtung eine aufwendige Sonderkonstruktion erforderlich, die angesichts der Vielzahl von zu lösenden metallurgischen und thermischen Problemen nur mit sehr hohen Entwicklungskosten zur Serienreife gebracht werden kann.In such an ignition device known from US-A-1 385 529, the two center electrodes interacting with ground electrodes are encased by a one-piece insulating body and connected to a common ignition line to the ignition distributor via a metallic bridge connecting them and a connecting pin. Since only one ignition line is provided, the desired goal of increased ignition reliability is only incompletely achieved. In addition, an expensive special construction is required for this ignition device, which can only be brought into series production with very high development costs in view of the large number of metallurgical and thermal problems to be solved.

Aus US-A-1 542 825 ist es bekannt, zwei Isolierkörper mit ihren ebenen Längsflächen aneinanderliegend in einem Kerzengehäuse anzuordnen und mit einem Gewindering zu verschrauben. Die so gebildete Zündeinrichtung stellt jedoch nur eine einzige Zündkerze dar.From US-A-1 542 825 it is known to arrange two insulating bodies with their flat longitudinal surfaces adjoining one another in a candle housing and to screw them together with a threaded ring. However, the ignition device thus formed represents only a single spark plug.

Bei einer aus US-A-4 308 487 bekannten Doppelzündkerze ist ein einziger ungeteilter Isolierkörper mit Mittelelektroden für die beiden Zündelektroden vorgesehen.In a double spark plug known from US-A-4 308 487, a single, undivided insulating body with center electrodes is provided for the two ignition electrodes.

Die Aufgabe der Erfindung besteht darin, eine Doppelzündvorrichtung in der Weise weiterzuentwickeln, daß sie eine verbesserte Zündsicherheit gewährleistet und daß geringe Kosten für die Entwicklung und die Fertigung dieser Zündvorrichtung entstehen.The object of the invention is to further develop a double ignition device in such a way that it ensures improved ignition safety and that low costs arise for the development and manufacture of this ignition device.

Eine Lösung dieser Aufgabe gelingt mit den im Kennzeichen des Anspruchs 1 aufgeführten Merkmalen. Beide Mittelelektroden sind von gesonderten Isolierkörpern umgeben und durch getrennte Zündleitungen mit dem Zündverteiler verbunden. Die Zündvorrichtung besteht aus zwei getrennt herstellbaren Kerzenkörpern, die zusammen mit den Zündleitungen und Masseelektroden zwei elektrisch voneinander isolierte Zündkreise bilden, so daß bei Ausfall des einen Zündkreises der andere noch voll funktionsfähig bleibt. Die Isolierkörper weisen einen halbkreisförmigen Querschnitt auf und liegen mit ihren Längsflächen aneinander an. Somit wird die radiale Ausdehnung der Zündvorrichtung verringert. Da die Kerzenkörper so gestaltet sind, daß der eine günstigere Zündvoraussetzungen für fettes, der andere für mageres Gemisch bietet, läßt sich die Zündsicherheit bei unterschiedlicher Betriebsweise der Brennkraftmaschine verbessern. Bei der Konstruktion und Entwicklung dieser beiden Kerzenkörper kann man sich die Erfahrungen zunutze machen, die mit herkömmlichen, handelsüblichen Zündkerzen gesammelt wurden und so den Entwicklungsaufwand senken. Die Formgebung und Dimensionierung dieser Kerzenkörper läßt sich ohne weiteres handelsüblichen Zündkerzen angleichen, wodurch es möglich wird, bewährte konstruktive Lösungen für die Probleme hinsichtlich thermischer Beständigkeit, mechanischer Festigkeit und Korrosion zu übernehmen.This object is achieved with the features listed in the characterizing part of claim 1. Both center electrodes are surrounded by separate insulating bodies and connected to the ignition distributor by separate ignition lines. The ignition device consists of two separately producible plug bodies which, together with the ignition lines and ground electrodes, form two ignition circuits which are electrically insulated from one another, so that if one ignition circuit fails, the other still remains fully functional. The insulating bodies have a semicircular cross section and are in contact with one another with their longitudinal surfaces. The radial extent of the ignition device is thus reduced. Since the candle bodies are designed in such a way that the ignition conditions are more favorable for a rich mixture and the other one for a lean mixture, the ignition reliability can be improved with different operating modes of the internal combustion engine. When designing and developing these two plug bodies, one can take advantage of the experience gained with conventional, commercially available spark plugs and thus reduce the development effort. The shape and dimensioning of these plug bodies can be easily adapted to standard spark plugs, which makes it possible to adopt tried-and-tested design solutions to the problems relating to thermal resistance, mechanical strength and corrosion.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung dargestellt und wird nachfolgend erläutert. Es zeigt:

  • Fig. 1 Zündvorrichtung mit Doppelzündkerze im Zylinderkopf einer Brennkraftmaschine,
  • Fig. 2 Querschnitt der Zündvorrichtung nach der Linie 11 - 11 der Fig. 1,
  • Fig. 3 Zündvorrichtung mit geringfügig abgewandelter Doppelzündkerze, zentral in einem Vier-Ventil-Zylinderkopf,
  • Fig. 4 Ansicht auf die Grundfläche des Zylinderkopfs gemäß Fig. 3.
An embodiment of the invention is shown in the drawing and is explained below. It shows:
  • 1 ignition device with double spark plug in the cylinder head of an internal combustion engine,
  • 2 cross section of the ignition device along the line 11-11 of FIG. 1,
  • 3 ignition device with a slightly modified double spark plug, centrally in a four-valve cylinder head,
  • 4 view of the base of the cylinder head of FIG .. 3

In den Zylinderkopf 1 einer Brennkraftmaschine, der zusammen mit einer Mulde 2 des Kolbens 3 einen rotationssymmetrischen Brennraum 4 bildet, wie er in einem neuzeitlichen Flugmotor verwendet wird, ist eine Zündvorrichtung mit zwei Kerzenkörpern 5 und 6 eingeschraubt. Die Kerzenkörper 5 und 6 sind in einem metallischen Kerzengehäuse 7 zentriert und gehalten, das unter Zwischenlage eines Dichtungsrings 8 in den Zylinderkopf 1 geschraubt ist. Die gleichgestalteten Mittelelektroden 9 der Kerzenkörper 5, 6 bestehen aus einem unteren, in den Brennraum 4 hineinragenden Elektrodenstift 10, einem Anschlußbolzen 11 und einer sie verbindenden elektrisch leitenden Glasschmelze 12. Auf das obere Ende der Anschlußbolzen 11 sind Anschlußmuttern 13 geschraubt, auf denen die nicht dargestellten Zündleitungen mit Kerzensteckern zu befestigen sind. Bei Anlegen der Zündspannung erzeugen die Elektrodenstifte 10 zusammen mit hakenförmig gebogenen, am Kerzengehäuse 7 angebrachten Masseelektroden 14 und 15 die Zündfunken.An ignition device with two plug bodies 5 and 6 is screwed into the cylinder head 1 of an internal combustion engine, which together with a recess 2 of the piston 3 forms a rotationally symmetrical combustion chamber 4, as used in a modern aircraft engine. The candle bodies 5 and 6 are centered and held in a metallic candle housing 7, which is screwed into the cylinder head 1 with the interposition of a sealing ring 8. The identically designed center electrodes 9 of the plug bodies 5, 6 consist of a lower electrode pin 10 projecting into the combustion chamber 4, a connecting pin 11 and an electrically conductive glass melt 12 connecting them shown Zündlei t Ungen with candles connectors are to be attached. When the ignition voltage is applied, the electrode pins 10 generate the ignition sparks together with ground electrodes 14 and 15, which are bent into a hook shape and are attached to the candle housing 7.

Die Mittelelektroden 9 sind mit Isolierkörpern 16 und 17 ummantelt, die im Bereich außerhalb des Zylinderkopfes 1 halbkreisförmigen Querschnitt aufweisen und mit ihren ebenen Längsflächen 18 und 19 aneinander anliegen. An ihren Kreisflächen 20 und 21 sind beide Isolierkörper 16 und 17 im mittleren und im oberen Bereich des Kerzengehäuses 7 zentriert. Zur axialen Fixierung im Kerzengehäuse 7 stützen sie sich an einem Gehäuseabsatz 22 ab und sind durch einen Bördelring 23 gehalten. Die brennraumseitigen Teilabschnitte 24 und 25 der Isolierkörper 16,17 unterhalb des Gehäuseabsatzes 22 sind im Querschnitt kreisförmig und sind zum Brennraum 4 hin konisch verjüngt gestaltet. So sind zwischen den konischen Teilabschnitten 24, 25 Spalte 26 und 27 gebildet, die dazu dienen, einen Atmungsraum zuThe center electrodes 9 are encased with insulating bodies 16 and 17, which have a semicircular cross section in the area outside the cylinder head 1 and rest against one another with their flat longitudinal surfaces 18 and 19. On their circular surfaces 20 and 21, both insulating bodies 16 and 17 are centered in the middle and in the upper area of the candle housing 7. For axial fixation in the candle housing 7, they are supported on a housing shoulder 22 and are held by a flange ring 23. The combustion chamber-side sections 24 and 25 of the insulating bodies 16, 17 below the housing shoulder 22 are circular in cross-section and are designed to taper conically towards the combustion chamber 4. Thus, gaps 26 and 27 are formed between the conical sections 24, 25, which serve to close a breathing space

schaffen und eine Selbstreinigung durch Freibrennen von Verbrennungsrückständen zu ermöglichen.create and enable self-cleaning by burning off combustion residues.

Nach Fig. 3 und Fig. 4 ist die Zündvorrichtung zentral in einem Vier-Ventil-Zylinderkopf eingeschraubt. Zu ihrer linken Seite liegen zwei Auslaßventile 28, zu ihrer rechten Seite zwei etwas größere Einlaßventile 29. In diesem Ausführungsbeispiel ist in das Kerzengehäuse 30 zur axialen Fixierung der Isolierkörper 16, 17 ein Gewindering 31 geschraubt, an dem der Bördelring 23 angebracht ist. Auf diese Weise wird es möglich, beide Kerzenkörper 5, 6 getrennt auszuwechseln. Zum Einschrauben sind der Gewindering 31 und das Kerzengehäuse 30 außen mit Sechskantschlüsselflächen versehen.According to FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, the ignition device is screwed in centrally in a four-valve cylinder head. On their left side there are two outlet valves 28, on their right side two somewhat larger inlet valves 29. In this exemplary embodiment, a threaded ring 31 is screwed into the plug housing 30 for axially fixing the insulating bodies 16, 17, to which the flange ring 23 is attached. In this way it becomes possible to replace both candle bodies 5, 6 separately. For screwing in, the threaded ring 31 and the candle housing 30 are provided on the outside with hexagon wrench surfaces.

Wird anstelle der Zündvorrichtung mit Doppelzündkerze eine handelsübliche Einfachzündkerze verwendet, so wird in die Gewindebohrung des Zylinderkopfes 1 zur Aufnahme dieser Zündkerze ein Gewindeeinsatz eingeschraubt. So kann derselbe Zylinderkopf ohne jede Änderung sowohl für Brennkraftmaschinen mit Doppelzündung, wie es z. B. für Flugmotoren nötig ist, als auch für Einfachzündung verwendet werden.If a commercially available single spark plug is used instead of the ignition device with a double spark plug, a threaded insert is screwed into the threaded bore of the cylinder head 1 to accommodate this spark plug. So the same cylinder head without any change for both internal combustion engines with double ignition, as z. B. is necessary for aircraft engines, as well as used for single ignition.

In beiden Ausführungsbeispielen nach Fig. 1 und Fig. 3 liegen die Mittelelektroden auf ihrer ganzen Länge parallel. Um ein durch Feuchtigkeit begünstigtes Überspringen von Zündfunken von dem einen zum anderen Anschlußbolzen zu vermeiden, könnten ihre Anschlußenden zu den Zündleitungen gegensinnig, beispielsweise um 45° abgewinkelt sein, so daß an dieser Stelle für die Isolierkörper mehr Raum zur Verfügung steht.In both exemplary embodiments according to FIGS. 1 and 3, the center electrodes are parallel over their entire length. In order to avoid a jump of ignition sparks favored by moisture from one to the other connecting bolt, their connecting ends to the ignition lines could be angled in opposite directions, for example by 45 °, so that more space is available for the insulating bodies at this point.

Claims (5)

  1. I. An ignition device of an externally ignited piston combustion engine with two central electrodes, which cooperate with mass electrodes mounted on a housing screwed into the cylinder head, the housing being electrically insulated with respect to the central electrodes, which are connectable to an ignition distributor with separate connection pins (11) via two ignition circuits, characterised in that the two central electrodes (9) are encased in separate insulating bodies (16 and 17), and in that the insulating bodies (16, 17) have a semi-circular cross-section over the larger part of their length and are centred and fixed in the spark plug housing (7) with their plane longitudinal faces abutting one another, and in that the spark plug bodies formed by the insulating bodies (16 and 17) and central electrodes (9) are formed slightly differently, in such a manner that the one offers more favourable ignition conditions for a greasy mixture and the other offers more favourable ignition conditions for a non-greasy mixture.
  2. 2. An ignition device according to claim 1, characterised in that the sections (24, 25) of the insulating bodies (16,17) on the combustion chamber side, which sections project through the cylinder head (1) taper conically towards the combustion chamber (4).
  3. 3. An ignition device according to claim 2, characterised in that gaps (26, 27), which are open with respect to the combustion chamber, are formed between the two conical sections (24, 25) and the inner wall of the spark plug housing (7).
  4. 4. An ignition device according to claim 1, characterised in that the insulating bodies (16, 17) are axially fixed between a shoulder (22) of the housing and a flanged ring (23) of the spark plug housing (7).
  5. 5. An ignition device according to claim 4, characterised in that the flanged ring (23) is mounted on a threaded ring (31) screwed to the spark plug housing (7).
EP85105351A 1984-06-06 1985-05-02 Ignition device for a combustion engine Expired EP0167739B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19843421023 DE3421023A1 (en) 1984-06-06 1984-06-06 IGNITION DEVICE FOR AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE
DE3421023 1984-06-06

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0167739A1 EP0167739A1 (en) 1986-01-15
EP0167739B1 true EP0167739B1 (en) 1988-12-14

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ID=6237732

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85105351A Expired EP0167739B1 (en) 1984-06-06 1985-05-02 Ignition device for a combustion engine

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EP (1) EP0167739B1 (en)
DE (2) DE3421023A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2275505A (en) * 1993-02-25 1994-08-31 Roy Targonski Multiple electrode spark plug
DE10329269B4 (en) * 2003-06-30 2005-12-29 Robert Bosch Gmbh Spark plug with at least two center electrodes
KR20230037235A (en) * 2021-09-09 2023-03-16 현대자동차주식회사 System of controlling multi- ignition coil

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1542825A (en) * 1922-07-21 1925-06-23 John C Newton Spark plug
GB492044A (en) * 1937-03-15 1938-09-14 Robert William Corbitt Sparking plugs
US4308487A (en) * 1980-01-30 1981-12-29 Feaster James L Dual internal electric spark plug

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Publication number Publication date
DE3566854D1 (en) 1989-01-19
DE3421023A1 (en) 1985-12-12
EP0167739A1 (en) 1986-01-15

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