EP0161795A1 - Developing apparatus - Google Patents
Developing apparatus Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0161795A1 EP0161795A1 EP85302499A EP85302499A EP0161795A1 EP 0161795 A1 EP0161795 A1 EP 0161795A1 EP 85302499 A EP85302499 A EP 85302499A EP 85302499 A EP85302499 A EP 85302499A EP 0161795 A1 EP0161795 A1 EP 0161795A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- developer
- stirring
- roller
- sleeve
- stirring roller
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B9/00—Combinations of apparatus for screening or sifting or for separating solids from solids using gas currents; General arrangement of plant, e.g. flow sheets
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G15/00—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern
- G03G15/06—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for developing
- G03G15/08—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for developing using a solid developer, e.g. powder developer
- G03G15/0822—Arrangements for preparing, mixing, supplying or dispensing developer
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G15/00—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern
- G03G15/06—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for developing
- G03G15/08—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for developing using a solid developer, e.g. powder developer
- G03G15/09—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for developing using a solid developer, e.g. powder developer using magnetic brush
Definitions
- the present invention movement of the flow of the developer is smoothly performed and mixing and stirring can be accomplished at a high efficiency by this movement. Furthermore, sufficient charges can be given even to the newly supplied toner and uniform mixing can be attained.
- the present invention has various structural features for attaining these effects.
- the second characteristic feature of the present invention is that the developer flow guiding mechanism 9 is arranged above the stirring roller 8 and the developer removed from the sleeve 6 by the earing blade 12 is smoothly supplied onto the stirring roller 8 again.
- a definite flow of the developer is established as indicated by arrow P in Fig. 1, and scraping of the developer and mixing and stirring of the developer can be performed smoothly and effectively.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Dry Development In Electrophotography (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- The present invention relates to a developing apparatus using a two-component type developer. More specifically, the present invention relates to a developing apparatus using a two-component type developer, in which stirring mixing of a toner and a carrier is effectively accomplished.
- As the method for developing an electrostatic latent image with a magnetic brush, there are known a developing method using a two-component type developer comprising a magnetic carrier and a toner and a developing method using a one-component type developer comprising toner particles alone. The former method is advantageous in that charges can be given to the toner stably, and the latter method is advantageous in that the troublesome operation of adjusting the toner concentration is not necessary and the property of reproducing a halftone is higher than in the former method.
- Recently, it is required that a reproduced image should have a high contrast, that is, a clear shade, and a halftone should be beautifully reproduced. The,. developing method using a one-component type developer is effective for satisfying these requirements. However, since the upper threshold value of the developing condition is ordinarily determined by the force of magnetically attracting the developer to the developing sleeve and the Coulomb force to the electrostatic latent image and the magnetic material is dispersed in the binder resin in the one-component type developer, the magnetic attractive force of the one-component type developer to the sleeve is weaker than that of the magnetic carrier and hence, fogging is readily caused in the developing method using a one-component tyep developer. In order to solve this problem, in an ordinary developing method using a one-component type developer, the earing length of the magnetic brush is shortened so as to prevent occurrence of fogging. However, in this case, such troubles as insufficient earing and reduction of the flowability of the developer are caused and when the copying machine is continuously used, if a foreign substance such as paper dust is incorporated into the magnetic brush, stable earing becomes difficult.
- Accordingly, research is continued with a view to improving the halftone-reproducing property by using a developing method using a two-component type developer where a stable magnetic brush can be formed and sufficient charges can be given to the toner. For example, there is known a method in which in the developing zone the moving direction of a photosensitive drum having an electrostatic latent image is made in agreement with the moving direction of the magnetic brush (hereinafter referred to as "the same direction development"). In this method, the development time can be prolonged and the sliding frictional force can be reduced, and therefore, this method is advantageous in the reproduction of a halftone over a method in which the moving direction of the photosensitive drum is reverse to the moving direction of the magnetic brush (hereinafter referred to as "the reverse direction development"). Moreover, the same direction development is advantageous in that leakage of the charge of the electrostatic latent image by the carrier can be prevented.
- However, if this same direction development method is adopted, the size of the developing apparatus becomes larger than the size of the developing apparatus used for the reverse direction development method. The reason is as follows.
- In case of the reverse direction development, in mixing and stirring a toner and a magnetic carrier (often referred to as "carrier" hereinafter), the developer in which the toner has been consumed in the developing zone is once scraped down from the surface of the developing sleeve by a scraper and the developer thus scraped down is sufficiently mixed and stirred with the newly supplied toner and the developer left in the developing apparatus. Then, the mixed and stirred developer is retained on the sleeve at a developer pump-up position located in the lower portion of the sleeve and is fed to the developing zone again after attainement of a certain earing length by an earing member. Namely, in the reverse direction development, by forming one loop of the above operations, mixing and stirring of the developer can be performed at a high efficiency. In contrast, in the same direction development, formation of an operation loop as mentioned above is difficult. Namely, in the case where a scraper is arranged in the lower portion of the sleeve to scrape down the used developer, it becomes necessary to form a reservoir zone below the position of the scraper so as to store the developer scraped down and a mechanism for pumping up the developer to the upper portion of the sleeve. If such a mechanism is not arranged and the scraper is stationarily arranged in the state buried in the developer, circulation of the developer in the developing apparatus is hindered and the significance of provision of the scraper is substantially lost. In the case where the scraper is arranged in the upper portion of the sleeve as in case of the reverse direction development, because of the relation of the position of the scraper to the developer pump-up position, the loop becomes inevitably complicated. Accordingly, in each case the size of the developing apparatus is increased.
- It is a primary object of the present invention to provide a development apparatus using a two-component type developer, in which when the same direction development is carried out, mixing and stirring of a toner and a carrier can be performed at a high efficiency by a compact structure.
- More specifically, in accordance with the present invention, there is provided a developing apparatus using a two-component type developer, which comprises a hopper provided with a toner feed roller, a developer delivery sleeve rotating in a direction reverse to the rotation direction of a photosensitive drum and having a magnet arranged in the interior thereof, a stirring roller for effecting frictional charging of toner particles and uniform mixing of a toner and a carrier, said stirring roller rotating in the same direction as the rotation direction of the developer delivery sleeve and being provided with a plurality of stirring vanes, an earing plate for controlling the earing length of a magnetic brush formed on the developer flow guiding mechanism arranged above the stirring roller, wherein the top end of each stirring vane is bent in the rotation direction of the stirring roller and a notch is formed on each stirring vane, a spiral passage is formed on the stirring roller by the notches of the stirring vanes, and the developer flow guiding mechanism comprises a partition plate and a plurality of guide plates arranged at predetermined intervals at least on the upper face of the partition plate.
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- Fig. 1 is a sectional view illustrating the developing apparatus according to the present invention.
- Fig. 2 is a partial perspective view showing the developing apparatus according to the present invention.
- Fig. 3 is a perspective view showing a scraping roller preferably used in the present invention.
- Fig. 4 is a perspective view showing a stirring roller preferably used in the present invention.
- Fig. 5 is a perspective view showing a developer flow guiding mechanism preferably used in the present invention.
- Figs. 6 and 7 are partial perspective views showing preferred embodiments of the developing apparatus according to the present invention.
- Referring to Fig. 1 which is a sectional view diagrammatically illustrating the developing apparatus according to the present invention, this developing apparatus entirely represented by
reference numeral 3 is arranged to consturct a copying machine together with aphotosensitive drum 2 rotating in a direction ofarrow 1. The developingapparatus 3 comprises a nonmagnetic cylindrical sleeve 56 rotating in a direction of arrow 5 and having, arrranged in the interior thereof on the side of thephotosensitive drum 3, amagnet 4 having a plurality of magnetic poles on the surface, adeveloper stirring roller 8 provided with a plurality of stirringvanes 7, a developerflow guiding mechanism 9 located above the stirringroller 8, a toner hopper 11 arranged above the falling position of the developer falling from the developerflow guiding mechanism 9 onto the stirringroller 8 and provided with atoner feed roller 10, and anearing blade 12 for controlling the earing length of a magnetic brush formed on thesleeve 6 to a predetermined constant length. - As shown in Fig. 1, these members are contained in a
housing 20. - In the developing apparatus having the above-mentioned structure, the developer travels along a course described below. Namely, the developer comprising a toner and a carrier forms a
magnetic brush 13 on thesleeve 6 by the action of themagnet 4 arranged in the interior of thesleeve 6, and thismagnetic brush 13 is delivered to a developingzone 14 with rotation of thesleeve 6. In the developingzone 14, a toner image corresponding to an electrostatic latent image on the surface of the photosensitive drum is formed and development is effected. After the development, themagnetic brush 13 in which the toner has been consumed is moved to adeveloper scraping zone 15 with rotation of thesleeve 6. Since thescraper zone 15 is adjacent to poles of the same polarity of the magnet, the developer receives a repulsive magnetic field and is separated from the sleeve. - The scraped developer is mixed and stirred with the toner appropriately supplied from the hopper 11 located above and the developer falling from the guiding
mechanism 9 with rotation of thestirring vanes 7 in a direction ofarrow 17, and the developer is delivered to a developer pump-up position 16. At this pump-up position 16, the developer is magnetically attracted onto thesleeve 6 again and is delivered along the lower face of the guidingmechanism 9 with rotation of thesleeve 6. Then, the amount of the developer is controlled to a predetermined constant amount by theearing blade 12, and a part of the developer is delivered as themagnetic brush 13 to the developingzone 14 while the remaining portion of the developer is moved along the upper face of the guidingmechanism 9 and is fed to the stirringroller 8 again. Thus, a regular flow of the developer is formed in the developing apparatus of the present invention. - According to the present invention, movement of the flow of the developer is smoothly performed and mixing and stirring can be accomplished at a high efficiency by this movement. Furthermore, sufficient charges can be given even to the newly supplied toner and uniform mixing can be attained. The present invention has various structural features for attaining these effects.
- In the first place, the developing apparatus of the present invention is characterized in that scraping of the developer present on the
sleeve 6 and stirring of the developer are performed by using the stirringroller 8. - The stirring
vanes 7 are formed on thestirring roller 8 so that a certain space is formed between the top ends of thestirring vanes 7 and thesleeve 6, and because of the presence of this space, the developer on thesleeve 6 is not completely scraped. Since only the toner present in the surface portion of the mangetic brush is consumed for the development, it is sufficient if scraping is performed so that this surface portion is scraped. For this reason, the above-mentioned space is formed between the top ends of the stirringvanes 7 and thesleeve 6. Furthermore, if this structure is adopted, the rotation torque of thestirring roller 8 is reduced and the rotation can be performed smoothly. - In the case where it is necessary to scrape all of the developer present on the
sleeve 6, ascraping roller 25 is arranged in the lower portion of the space between thesleeve 6 and stirringvanes 7 adjacently to thesleeve 6. For example, as shown in Fig. 2, thescraping roller 25 preferably comrpises alinear plate vane 22 having acentral axis 21 and a plurality ofoval vanes 23 arranged at predetermined intervals on both the sides of theplate vane 22 in the state oriented in a certain direction. In this embodiment, there can be attained not only an effect of scarping the developer but also an effect of mixing and stirring the developer. Namely, with rotation of thescraping roller 25, the developer is scraped from the surface of thesleeve 6 by theplate vane 22 oroval vanes 23, and simultaneously, the developer is forcibly discharged in the orienting direction of theoval vanes 23 toward thestirring roller 8. Accordingly, as compared with the case where a plate-like scraper is formed to about against the surface of the sleeve, in this case the developer can be scraped, mixed and stirred more smoothly and effectively in the state where the scraper is buried in the developer. - Furthermore, as shown in Figs. 3, a spiral roller 25' having a
spiral vane 26 is disposed instead of thescraper roller 25. Aslo in this case, the scraping effect and the mixing and stirring effect can be similarly attained. - In the present invention, the top end portions of the stirring
vanes 7 arranged on the stirringroller 8 are bent in the rotation direction to enhance the effect of scraping the developer on thesleeve 6. - Referring to Figs. 1 and 2, in order for the stirring
roller 8 used in the present invention to exert a function of delivering the developer present on thesleeve 6 to the pump-up position 16 in addition to the mixing and stirring action, adeveloper delivery space 30 is formed between every twoadjacent stirring vanes 7, andnotches 31 are formed on therespective stirring vanes 7 so that thenotches 31 are gradually deviated in the lateral direction in therespective stirring vanes 7, whereby aspiral passage 32 extending along the deviation direction is formed on the peripheral face of the stirringroller 8. - Accordingly, the developer is moved in the above-mentioned developer delivery spaces with rotation of the stirring
vanes 7 and the developer is delivered in the direction ofarrow 32 with rotation of the stirringroller 8 in the direction ofarrow 17. therefore, by using the stirringroller 8 having the above-mentioned structure, not only scraping of the developer from thesleeve 6 but also mixing of the developer can be performed effectively. - In the present invention, by forming a
guide 33 by bending a part of the stirringvane 7 toward one side end of thenotch 31 as shown in Fig. 4, the above-mentioned delivery and movement of the developer can be performed more promptly. - The second characteristic feature of the present invention is that the developer
flow guiding mechanism 9 is arranged above the stirringroller 8 and the developer removed from thesleeve 6 by theearing blade 12 is smoothly supplied onto the stirringroller 8 again. By dint of this feature, a definite flow of the developer is established as indicated by arrow P in Fig. 1, and scraping of the developer and mixing and stirring of the developer can be performed smoothly and effectively. - As shown in Fig. 2, this developer
flow guiding mechanism 9 comprises apartition plate 43 arranged on the upper side of the stirringroller 8 and guideplates 44 arranged on the top face of thepartition plate 43 at predetermined intervals (for example, about 20 mm). Namely, the developer removed from thesleeve 6 by theearing blade 12 is passed through the top face of thepartition plate 43 and directed onto the stirringroller 8 by theguide plates 44. - One modification 9' of this developer
flow guiding mechanism 9 is shown in Fig. 5, and by using this guiding mechanism 9', the effect of mixing and stirring the developer is further enhanced. In this modification,guide plates partition plate 43, respectively. Theguide plates 44a formed on the paper face are arranged in parallel to each other and have an acute angle to the axis of the stirringroller 8, and theguide plates 44b formed on the lower face are arranged in parallel to each other and have an obtuse angle to the axis of the stirringroller 8. - The developer delivered by the stirring
roller 8 and pumped up onto thesleeve 6 is moved as indicated byarrow 45 form the lower face of thepartition plate 43 to the upper face of thepartition plate 43. Accordingly, the direction of the movement of the developer on thepartition plate 43 is, as a whole, reverse to the direction of the movement of the developer in thedeveloper delivery space 20 in the stirringroller 8. Therefore, by combining this developer flow guiding mechanism 9' with the stirringroller 8, the effect of mixing and stirring the developer can be further increased. - Most preferred embodiments of the developing apparatus of the present invention are illustrated in Figs. 6 and 7. These two embodiments are different from each other only in the shape of the scraping
roller 25. Namely, a plate-like scraping roller 25 (see Fig. 6) or a spiral scraping roller 25' (see Fig. 7) is arranged as the scrapingroller 25, and the scrapingroller 25 or 25' is combined with the developer flow guiding mechanism 9' shown in Fig. 5. In these embodiments, it is important that the extending direction of vanes of the scrapingroller 25 or 25' or the rotation direction thereof should be determined so that the direction of the movement of the developer by the scrapingroller 25 or 25' is reverse to the direction of the movement of the developer by the stirringroller 8. Namely, if the above-mentioned extending direction or rotation direction is the same as the moving direction of the developer, the effect of mixing and stirring the developer is reduced. - In the present invention, in order to perform the delivery and circulation of the developer at a high efficiency, it is preferred that, referring to Fig. 1, the wall surface 20' of the
housing 20 on the side opposite to the side where thesleeve 6 is located be inclined toward the stirringroller 8. If this arrangement is adopted, the delivery and circulation of the developer can be performed at a high efficiency. It is preferred that this wall surface 20' be curved along the loci of the top ends of the stirringvanes 7, and be inclined at a certain angle a, for example, 3 to 40°, especially 5 to 20°, from the horizontal plane including the axis of the stirringroller 8. It also is preferred that thedistance 1 between the curved portion of the wall surface 20' and the top end of the stirringvane 7 be within 5 mm. According to this preferred embodiment, the delivery, mixing and stirring of the developer can be performed smoothly and effectively without unreasonable residence of the developer in the developing apparatus.
Claims (6)
Applications Claiming Priority (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP7252984U JPS60184069U (en) | 1984-05-16 | 1984-05-16 | Electrophotographic developing device |
JP72528/84U | 1984-05-16 | ||
JP72527/84U | 1984-05-16 | ||
JP7252884U JPS60184068U (en) | 1984-05-16 | 1984-05-16 | Stirring roller of two-component developing device |
JP72529/84U | 1984-05-16 | ||
JP7252784U JPS60184067U (en) | 1984-05-16 | 1984-05-16 | developing device |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0161795A1 true EP0161795A1 (en) | 1985-11-21 |
EP0161795B1 EP0161795B1 (en) | 1988-01-13 |
Family
ID=27300983
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP19850302499 Expired EP0161795B1 (en) | 1984-05-16 | 1985-04-09 | Developing apparatus |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0161795B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE3561423D1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0215550A1 (en) * | 1985-07-02 | 1987-03-25 | Fujitsu Limited | Developing unit for use in electrophotographic printing apparatus |
EP0430098A2 (en) * | 1989-11-29 | 1991-06-05 | Mita Industrial Co., Ltd. | Feed roller for mixing a powder |
US5249019A (en) * | 1989-11-29 | 1993-09-28 | Mita Industrial Co., Ltd. | Feed roller for mixing and feeding a powder |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3882823A (en) * | 1973-08-15 | 1975-05-13 | Minolta Camera Kk | Stirring and scraping device for developing material |
US3911864A (en) * | 1973-01-17 | 1975-10-14 | Xerox Corp | Toner preloaded magnetic brush development system |
GB1474341A (en) * | 1974-07-17 | 1977-05-25 | Savin Business Machines Corp | Toner concentration detector for dry powder magnetic brush toning system |
US4131081A (en) * | 1976-04-14 | 1978-12-26 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Toner concentration detecting apparatus |
-
1985
- 1985-04-09 DE DE8585302499T patent/DE3561423D1/en not_active Expired
- 1985-04-09 EP EP19850302499 patent/EP0161795B1/en not_active Expired
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3911864A (en) * | 1973-01-17 | 1975-10-14 | Xerox Corp | Toner preloaded magnetic brush development system |
US3882823A (en) * | 1973-08-15 | 1975-05-13 | Minolta Camera Kk | Stirring and scraping device for developing material |
GB1474341A (en) * | 1974-07-17 | 1977-05-25 | Savin Business Machines Corp | Toner concentration detector for dry powder magnetic brush toning system |
US4131081A (en) * | 1976-04-14 | 1978-12-26 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Toner concentration detecting apparatus |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
IBM TECHNICAL DISCLOSURE BULLETIN, vol. 25, no. 2, July 1982 KNEPPER "Xerographic Developer" pages 512-515 * |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0215550A1 (en) * | 1985-07-02 | 1987-03-25 | Fujitsu Limited | Developing unit for use in electrophotographic printing apparatus |
US4878088A (en) * | 1985-07-02 | 1989-10-31 | Fujitsu Limited | Developing unit of electrophotographic apparatus |
EP0430098A2 (en) * | 1989-11-29 | 1991-06-05 | Mita Industrial Co., Ltd. | Feed roller for mixing a powder |
EP0430098A3 (en) * | 1989-11-29 | 1993-03-17 | Mita Industrial Co., Ltd. | Feed roller |
US5249019A (en) * | 1989-11-29 | 1993-09-28 | Mita Industrial Co., Ltd. | Feed roller for mixing and feeding a powder |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE3561423D1 (en) | 1988-02-18 |
DE3561423T (en) | 1988-02-18 |
EP0161795B1 (en) | 1988-01-13 |
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