EP0161654B1 - Flat key cylinder lock with anti-burglar features, particularly for use with master key locking systems - Google Patents
Flat key cylinder lock with anti-burglar features, particularly for use with master key locking systems Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0161654B1 EP0161654B1 EP85105836A EP85105836A EP0161654B1 EP 0161654 B1 EP0161654 B1 EP 0161654B1 EP 85105836 A EP85105836 A EP 85105836A EP 85105836 A EP85105836 A EP 85105836A EP 0161654 B1 EP0161654 B1 EP 0161654B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- key
- plug
- pin
- casing
- channel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
- E05B27/00—Cylinder locks or other locks with tumbler pins or balls that are set by pushing the key in
- E05B27/0042—Cylinder locks or other locks with tumbler pins or balls that are set by pushing the key in with additional key identifying function, e.g. with use of additional key operated rotor-blocking elements, not of split pin tumbler type
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
- E05B27/00—Cylinder locks or other locks with tumbler pins or balls that are set by pushing the key in
- E05B27/0053—Cylinder locks or other locks with tumbler pins or balls that are set by pushing the key in for use with more than one key, e.g. master-slave key
Definitions
- This invention relates to a flat key cylinder lock with anti-burglar features particularly for use with master key locking systems according to the preamble of Claim 1.
- Locks of this type are known, for example, from German Patent No. 2,003,059, and 1,260,340, in which the auxiliary pins are arranged to extend perpendicularly to the plane of the key.
- the pin action results from that, on the pins being slided sideways by the key being pushed in, they move out of the plug outer surface to engage in recesses formed in the cylindrical casing in which the plug is received rotatably.
- the proper key is formed with notches which, on the key being inserted into the lock, enable the auxiliary pins to retract by reaction effect as the plug is rotated. The pin retraction is facilitated by the crowned shape of the recesses.
- auxiliary pins The burglar resisting ability of the known auxiliary pins is, in actual practice, rather unreliable because it can be easily overcome by effecting removal thereof lengthwise to the key profile at the areas abutting the auxiliary pins, that is by milling out the key flanks longitudinally, thereby the pins are allowed to slide freely in their seats.
- a deceptively machined key referred to in the jargon as a "relieved” key
- a lock according to the above disclosure has the disadvantage that when the lock is made fast in the rotated position, the bogus key cannot be removed and the lock is rendered unreusable.
- German Patent Application No. 3,014,183 upon which the preamble of Claim 1 is based, discloses a lock having auxiliary pins cooperating with interference pins or balls that engage recesses in the outer casing to prevent the rotation of the plug.
- the auxiliary and interference pins are shaped so as to enable rotation of the plug when the key is inserted but not when it is removed.
- this lock comprises a cylindrical casing 1, on the interior of which a cylindrical plug 2 is set rotatably.
- the cylindrical plug 2 is formed, in a known manner no further illustrated herein, with a lengthwise channel or flute 3 having a shaped profile to receive the operating key, as well as with a plurality of holes 4 aligned on a longitudinal plane coinciding with the lock centreplane and accommodating the usual pins or bolt pins which, in cooperation with the counter-pins, are driven by the lock actuating key.
- the plug 2 has additional holes 5, 6 formed therein alongside the channel 3 and being oriented in a radial direction.
- the holes 5, 6 extend in plane containing an axis substantially, but do not necessarily coincide with the axis of the plug 2.
- the holes 5, 6 are aligned with recesses 7, 8 in the form of longitudinal grooves having an arcuate cross- section and being formed on the inner walls of the casing 1.
- the hole 5 is in communication with the channel 3 and accommodates a cylindrical pin 9 having each of its opposed ends configured as a spherical cap.
- a hole 10 is also formed in the plug 2 which intersects the hole 6 orthogonally thereto and opens into the channel 3.
- the hole 10 is closed on the side of the casing 1 by a pellet or plug nut 11 force fitted to provide support for a compression spring 12 which penetrates, with its opposed end, a recess formed in a pin 13 guided in the hole 10.
- the pin 13 is provided at one end with a flange 14 which, owing to the bias force applied by the spring 12, is held at one end against a shoulder of the hole 10, and at the other end, with a hemispherical head 15 merging with the cylindrical body of the pin 13 through a conical collar 16.
- the abutment shoulder for the flange 14 in the hole 10 is positioned such that the hemispherical head 15 partially protrudes into the channel 3. Further, the depth of the hole 6, when combined with that of the recess 8, will equal the diameter of the hole 6, so that it can accommodate a ball 17 of the same diameter.
- the lock just described is operated by means of a key having side notches arranged such that, with the key inserted into the channel 3, each notch faces one hole 5 to receive the pin 9. Furthermore, the key can act with its flanks directly on the pins 13 and push them back into the holes 10 against the bias of the spring 12.
- the plug 2 is inhibited from turning by, in addition to the actions of the pins and counter-pins housed in the holes 4, by the locking action of the ball 17 which cannot retract into the hole 6 owing to the pin 13 blocking it from moving.
- the pins 9 On inserting the proper key into the channel 3, the pins 9 retain their freedom of movement due to the provision of corresponding notches on the key which enable the pins 9 to penetrate the channel 3. Simultaneously, the key flanks push into the holes 10 the pins 13, thereby the ball cannot move down the conical region 16 and stop against the spherical head 15, thus disengaging from the recess 8. Owing to the pins in the holes 4 being positined by the key dents in the shear plane between the plug 2 and casing 1, the plug 2 may now be turned.
- the inhibiting function is assumed by at least one of the pins 9 being pushed back into the recess 7 to the plug blocking position.
- the lock can provide a better safeguard than traditional ones, since the auxiliary pins not only widen the range of key coding, but also compel any ill-intentioned person surreptitiously attempting to pick the lock to manipulate pins which are difficult to locate.
- the pin 9 is replaced by a ball 18 and a pin 19.
- the ball 18 is accommodated in a radial hole 20 which intersects the hole 21 perpendicularly wherein the pin 19 is slidable.
- the hole 21 is symmetrical to the hole 10 and opens into the channel 3 for the key at a position which need not necessarily be juxtaposed to the hole 10.
- the pin 19 is provided with a flange 22 and an annular groove 23 defined by two flaring walls 24.
- the flange 22, similarly to the flange 14, is urged against a shoulder in the hole 21 by a spring 25 which rests on a plug nut 26 in the hole 21.
- the ball 18 With the proper key, the ball 18 will be facing the groove 23 and is free to move in the hole 20, disengaging from the recess 7 and allowing the plug 2 to be rotated.
- the key has recesses wherein the pin 19 can fit too deeply or has no recesses, the ball 18 will remain in tangent contact with the periphery of the pin 19, while in engagement with the recess 17 and preventing the plug 2 from rotating.
- FIG 4 lastly, there is shown an embodiment wherein the cylindrical springs 12 are replaced with leaf springs 29 each inserted into a respective slot 30 cut through the periphery of the plug 2 perpendicularly to its axis and intersects the hole 10 diametrically.
- the spring 29 has one end secured by a chamfer 31 of the slot and the other end acting on the pin 13 to bias it toward the position of engagement with the channel 3 for the key.
- One of the basic features of the inventive locks is that they enable the fabrication of so-called master key systems, wherein the locks may be operated in conformity with hierarchically different levels, in the sense that keys of a hierarchically higher level can operate locks of lower levels, but not vice versa. Diversification may be achieved by intervention on the key flanks and respective side pins. Thus, the highest key in the hierarchy will have notches for receiving the pins 9 and lands for pushing back the pins 13 of all the locks.
- the lower level locks may have one or more auxiliary pins 9, 13 missing.
- the hierarchy to be obtained with the auxiliary pins may be combined with that to be obtained with the usual pins and counter-pins, thereby a much differentiated hierarchical scale can be provided.
Landscapes
- Lock And Its Accessories (AREA)
- Glass Compositions (AREA)
- Seal Device For Vehicle (AREA)
- Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
- Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
- Fittings On The Vehicle Exterior For Carrying Loads, And Devices For Holding Or Mounting Articles (AREA)
- Details Of Connecting Devices For Male And Female Coupling (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- This invention relates to a flat key cylinder lock with anti-burglar features particularly for use with master key locking systems according to the preamble of
Claim 1. - Known are flat key locks where, in addition to the usual bolt pins and counter-pins slided by the key dents, auxiliary side pins are provided which are slided by the key flanks and provide an added measure of burglar-proof ability.
- Locks of this type are known, for example, from German Patent No. 2,003,059, and 1,260,340, in which the auxiliary pins are arranged to extend perpendicularly to the plane of the key. The pin action results from that, on the pins being slided sideways by the key being pushed in, they move out of the plug outer surface to engage in recesses formed in the cylindrical casing in which the plug is received rotatably. The proper key is formed with notches which, on the key being inserted into the lock, enable the auxiliary pins to retract by reaction effect as the plug is rotated. The pin retraction is facilitated by the crowned shape of the recesses.
- When a bogus key is used, the notches and pins mismatch, and accordingly, the pins are held in a position of engagement with the recesses and prevent the plug from turning.
- The burglar resisting ability of the known auxiliary pins is, in actual practice, rather unreliable because it can be easily overcome by effecting removal thereof lengthwise to the key profile at the areas abutting the auxiliary pins, that is by milling out the key flanks longitudinally, thereby the pins are allowed to slide freely in their seats. Such a deceptively machined key (referred to in the jargon as a "relieved" key) allow unrestricted sliding for the auxiliary pins which are, therefore, free to retract as the plug is rotated.
- The published German Patent Application No. 31 23 511 discloses a lock provided with holes for the auxiliary pins perpendicular to the usual pins and counter-pins and having the same or a larger diameter than the latter. With a "relieved" key, the counter-pins, after a 90° rotation, can fit into the holes for the auxiliary pins and make the lock fast. With a non-relieved key, the plug rotation would be hindered by the auxiliary pins being held engaged with the notches in the cylinder casing.
- A lock according to the above disclosure has the disadvantage that when the lock is made fast in the rotated position, the bogus key cannot be removed and the lock is rendered unreusable.
- The German Patent Application No. 3,014,183, upon which the preamble of
Claim 1 is based, discloses a lock having auxiliary pins cooperating with interference pins or balls that engage recesses in the outer casing to prevent the rotation of the plug. - The auxiliary and interference pins are shaped so as to enable rotation of the plug when the key is inserted but not when it is removed.
- It is the technical aim of this invention to provide a cylinder lock having auxiliary pins which can obviate the drawbacks of the known ones, that is, can resist burglary efforts using deceptively "relieved" keys.
- Within the above aim, it is an object of this invention to provide a lock which is suitable for use in locking systems with hierarchically different keys in conformity with a scale comprising multiple levels.
- This aim and object are achieved by a cylinder lock as defined in
Claim 1, in the preamble of which DE-A-301483 is considered. - Further features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following detailed description of some embodiments thereof, with reference to the accompanying illustrative drawing, in which:
- Figure 1 is a fragmentary sectional view of a cylinder lock according to a first embodiment of this invention;
- Figure 2 is a fragmentary sectional view of a cylinder lock according to a second embodiment of the invention;
- Figure 3 is a fragmentary sectional view of a third embodiment of the invention; and
- Figure 4 is a fragmentary sectional view of a fourth embodiment.
- With reference to Figure 1, this lock comprises a
cylindrical casing 1, on the interior of which acylindrical plug 2 is set rotatably. - The
cylindrical plug 2 is formed, in a known manner no further illustrated herein, with a lengthwise channel orflute 3 having a shaped profile to receive the operating key, as well as with a plurality ofholes 4 aligned on a longitudinal plane coinciding with the lock centreplane and accommodating the usual pins or bolt pins which, in cooperation with the counter-pins, are driven by the lock actuating key. - The
plug 2 hasadditional holes channel 3 and being oriented in a radial direction. - The
holes plug 2. - With the lock in the position shown, which is the position with the key disengaged, the
holes recesses 7, 8 in the form of longitudinal grooves having an arcuate cross- section and being formed on the inner walls of thecasing 1. - The
hole 5 is in communication with thechannel 3 and accommodates acylindrical pin 9 having each of its opposed ends configured as a spherical cap. - A
hole 10 is also formed in theplug 2 which intersects thehole 6 orthogonally thereto and opens into thechannel 3. - The
hole 10 is closed on the side of thecasing 1 by a pellet orplug nut 11 force fitted to provide support for acompression spring 12 which penetrates, with its opposed end, a recess formed in apin 13 guided in thehole 10. - The
pin 13 is provided at one end with aflange 14 which, owing to the bias force applied by thespring 12, is held at one end against a shoulder of thehole 10, and at the other end, with ahemispherical head 15 merging with the cylindrical body of thepin 13 through aconical collar 16. - The abutment shoulder for the
flange 14 in thehole 10 is positioned such that thehemispherical head 15 partially protrudes into thechannel 3. Further, the depth of thehole 6, when combined with that of therecess 8, will equal the diameter of thehole 6, so that it can accommodate aball 17 of the same diameter. - It should be noted that, with the
flange 14 abutting against the shoulder in thehole 10, theball 17 is prevented from coming out of thehole 6 by the body of thepin 13 blocking access to thehole 10. - In the above description, reference has been made, for reasons of clarity in the drawings, to a
single hole 5 formed on one side of thechannel 3 and to a single pair of mutually intersectingholes channel 3, a set of holes comprising at least onehole 5 andrespective pin 9 together with a pair ofholes respective pins 13 andball 17, is provided. - The lock just described is operated by means of a key having side notches arranged such that, with the key inserted into the
channel 3, each notch faces onehole 5 to receive thepin 9. Furthermore, the key can act with its flanks directly on thepins 13 and push them back into theholes 10 against the bias of thespring 12. - As shown clearly in Figure 1, with the key removed, the
plug 2 is inhibited from turning by, in addition to the actions of the pins and counter-pins housed in theholes 4, by the locking action of theball 17 which cannot retract into thehole 6 owing to thepin 13 blocking it from moving. - On inserting the proper key into the
channel 3, thepins 9 retain their freedom of movement due to the provision of corresponding notches on the key which enable thepins 9 to penetrate thechannel 3. Simultaneously, the key flanks push into theholes 10 thepins 13, thereby the ball cannot move down theconical region 16 and stop against thespherical head 15, thus disengaging from therecess 8. Owing to the pins in theholes 4 being positined by the key dents in the shear plane between theplug 2 andcasing 1, theplug 2 may now be turned. - If a bogus "relieved" key is introduced into the
channel 3 from either end, there will be at least onepin 13 which retains its position shutting off theball 17 and, hence, theplug 2. - If the bogus key is not correctly relieved, the inhibiting function is assumed by at least one of the
pins 9 being pushed back into the recess 7 to the plug blocking position. - As may be seen, the lock can provide a better safeguard than traditional ones, since the auxiliary pins not only widen the range of key coding, but also compel any ill-intentioned person surreptitiously attempting to pick the lock to manipulate pins which are difficult to locate.
- In practicing the invention, many modifications and variations are feasible especially in respect of the auxiliary pin fashioning.
- In the embodiment of Figure 2, the
pin 9 is replaced by aball 18 and apin 19. Theball 18 is accommodated in aradial hole 20 which intersects thehole 21 perpendicularly wherein thepin 19 is slidable. - Relatively to the lock centreplane, the
hole 21 is symmetrical to thehole 10 and opens into thechannel 3 for the key at a position which need not necessarily be juxtaposed to thehole 10. - The
pin 19 is provided with aflange 22 and anannular groove 23 defined by twoflaring walls 24. Theflange 22, similarly to theflange 14, is urged against a shoulder in thehole 21 by aspring 25 which rests on aplug nut 26 in thehole 21. - With the proper key, the
ball 18 will be facing thegroove 23 and is free to move in thehole 20, disengaging from the recess 7 and allowing theplug 2 to be rotated. By contrast, if the key has recesses wherein thepin 19 can fit too deeply or has no recesses, theball 18 will remain in tangent contact with the periphery of thepin 19, while in engagement with therecess 17 and preventing theplug 2 from rotating. - In Figure 3, there is shown a solution wherein the
hole 27 accommodating the auxiliary pins is formed through thechannel 3 for the key. Thus, no plug nuts are required, whilst to prevent the pins from leaving their seats, there are providedaxial pins 28 which, by interfering with a side bevel 28a of the auxiliary pins, also prevent them from turning. - In Figure 4, lastly, there is shown an embodiment wherein the
cylindrical springs 12 are replaced withleaf springs 29 each inserted into a respective slot 30 cut through the periphery of theplug 2 perpendicularly to its axis and intersects thehole 10 diametrically. Thespring 29 has one end secured by achamfer 31 of the slot and the other end acting on thepin 13 to bias it toward the position of engagement with thechannel 3 for the key. - One of the basic features of the inventive locks is that they enable the fabrication of so-called master key systems, wherein the locks may be operated in conformity with hierarchically different levels, in the sense that keys of a hierarchically higher level can operate locks of lower levels, but not vice versa. Diversification may be achieved by intervention on the key flanks and respective side pins. Thus, the highest key in the hierarchy will have notches for receiving the
pins 9 and lands for pushing back thepins 13 of all the locks. The lower level locks may have one or moreauxiliary pins - The presence of the spring-loaded
pins 13 inhibits the fabrication of keys of a higher hierarchical level by "relieving". - The hierarchy to be obtained with the auxiliary pins may be combined with that to be obtained with the usual pins and counter-pins, thereby a much differentiated hierarchical scale can be provided.
Claims (3)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT85105836T ATE51052T1 (en) | 1984-05-17 | 1985-05-13 | ANTI-THEFT CYLINDER LOCK, PARTICULARLY FOR SYSTEMS WITH MAIN AND SECONDARY KEYS. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
IT346884 | 1984-05-17 | ||
IT03468/84A IT1179338B (en) | 1984-05-17 | 1984-05-17 | CYLINDER LOCK WITH FOREWORD FLAT KEY AGAINST BREAK-IN ATTEMPTS AND FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF MASTER KEY SYSTEMS |
Publications (4)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0161654A2 EP0161654A2 (en) | 1985-11-21 |
EP0161654A3 EP0161654A3 (en) | 1986-09-17 |
EP0161654B1 true EP0161654B1 (en) | 1990-03-14 |
EP0161654B2 EP0161654B2 (en) | 1994-06-22 |
Family
ID=11107941
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP85105836A Expired - Lifetime EP0161654B2 (en) | 1984-05-17 | 1985-05-13 | Flat key cylinder lock with anti-burglar features, particularly for use with master key locking systems |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0161654B2 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE51052T1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE3576546D1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES8607463A1 (en) |
IT (1) | IT1179338B (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8915107B2 (en) | 2009-10-21 | 2014-12-23 | Abus Pfaffenhain Gmbh | Locking system |
Families Citing this family (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5079936A (en) * | 1989-03-31 | 1992-01-14 | Folger Adam Company | High security cylinder lock |
DK0873459T3 (en) * | 1996-01-08 | 2000-11-20 | Ikon Ag Praez Stechnik | lock cylinder |
US6526791B2 (en) * | 2001-02-26 | 2003-03-04 | Arrow Lock Manufacturing Company | High security cylinder lock and key |
DE102004021580B3 (en) * | 2004-05-03 | 2005-11-10 | Wilka Schließtechnik GmbH | From key and lock cylinder existing closing device |
IL191855A0 (en) | 2008-06-01 | 2009-02-11 | Multi Key Ltd Rav Mafteah Ltd | Key, lock and locking mechanism |
WO2009147677A1 (en) * | 2008-06-05 | 2009-12-10 | Aharon, Moshe | Cylinder protective system |
DE102014001883A1 (en) * | 2014-02-10 | 2015-08-13 | Assa Abloy Sicherheitstechnik Gmbh | Lock and key system |
US11542724B1 (en) | 2022-08-22 | 2023-01-03 | Winloc Ag | Key blank, a key, and a cylinder lock and key combination |
US11536047B1 (en) * | 2022-08-22 | 2022-12-27 | Winloc Ag | Key plug, a cylinder lock, a cylinder lock and key combination and a method to manufacture a key plug |
US11613909B1 (en) | 2022-08-22 | 2023-03-28 | Winloc Ag | Key blank, a coded key and a cylinder lock and key system with improved stop arrangement |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1260340B (en) * | 1963-12-18 | 1968-02-01 | Winkhaus Fa August | Additional, one-piece locking elements in a rotary cylinder lock of the usual design |
AT371196B (en) * | 1979-11-28 | 1983-06-10 | Evva Werke | LOCK WITH A CYLINDER CORE AND CYLINDER HOUSING |
-
1984
- 1984-05-17 IT IT03468/84A patent/IT1179338B/en active
-
1985
- 1985-05-13 EP EP85105836A patent/EP0161654B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1985-05-13 DE DE8585105836T patent/DE3576546D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1985-05-13 AT AT85105836T patent/ATE51052T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1985-05-17 ES ES543902A patent/ES8607463A1/en not_active Expired
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8915107B2 (en) | 2009-10-21 | 2014-12-23 | Abus Pfaffenhain Gmbh | Locking system |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
IT1179338B (en) | 1987-09-16 |
ES8607463A1 (en) | 1986-06-16 |
EP0161654A3 (en) | 1986-09-17 |
EP0161654A2 (en) | 1985-11-21 |
EP0161654B2 (en) | 1994-06-22 |
DE3576546D1 (en) | 1990-04-19 |
ES543902A0 (en) | 1986-06-16 |
IT8403468A0 (en) | 1984-05-17 |
ATE51052T1 (en) | 1990-03-15 |
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