EP0159302B1

EP0159302B1 - Method and arrangement for heat treatment of a medium enclosed in a receptacle

Info

Publication number: EP0159302B1
Application number: EP19850850115
Authority: EP
Inventors: Karl Ingvar Marten Martensson
Original assignee: Electrolux AB
Current assignee: Getinge AB
Priority date: 1984-04-03
Filing date: 1985-03-29
Publication date: 1988-02-24
Also published as: DE3561647D1; AU4047285A; SE451540B; SE8401848L; CA1250403A; JPS60228222A; EP0159302A1; SE8401848D0; AU571953B2

Description

The invention relates to a method to heat and after that cool a first liquid medium in a pressure vessel by means of a second liquid medium, the first liquid medium being enclosed in a receptacle to a certain level above which a gaseous medium is enclosed in the receptacle, said second liquid medium being brought into contact with the outside of the receptacle and reaching temperatures at which the material of the wall of the receptacle becomes soft and strives at being deformed permanently by the gas pressure and the hydrostatic pressure of the media in the receptacle.
The invention also relates to an arrangement for carrying out the method to heat and after that cool a first liquid medium in a pressure vessel by means of a second liquid medium, the first liquid medium being enclosed in a receptacle to a certain level above which a gaseous medium is enclosed in the receptacle, said second liquid medium being brought into contact with the outside of the receptacle.
It is known to sterilize a liquid in a receptacle of polyethylene plastic in an autoclave by heating the outside of the receptacle, and thereby the liquid, by means of a heated liquid, which is sprayed onto the receptacle. Such a receptacle can be heated to maximally about 110°C. At a higher temperature the plastic becomes so soft that the receptacle loses its form completely.
Already before the receptable reaches 110°Cthe plastic begins to soften, which results in that the hydrostatic pressure in the receptacle deforms the receptacle. An originally cylindric, standing receptacle will after treating to 110°C get a conical form, which becomes wider at the bottom. The bottom of the receptacle will also form after the bed, on which the receptacle stands.
FR-A-1 325 455 which discloses a method and an arrangement of the kinds introductorily set forth shows an attempt to prevent said deformation by immersing a receptacle to be sterilized in a liquid to thereby balance the hydrostatic pressure acting inside the receptacle. The receptacle is, however, completely immersed in the liquid when the sterilizing temperature is reached which means that the hydrostatic pressure outside the top part of the receptacle, which contains a gaseous medium, compresses and deforms that part of the receptacle.
The object of the invention is to substantially prevent deformation on all parts of the receptacle when it is heated and cooled with its liquid and gaseous media contents.
This object is attained by the method according to the invention thereby that the second medium surrounds the receptacle to such a level that the hydrostatic pressure on both sides of the wall of the receptacle equalize each other, and at least when the material of the wall of the receptacle has said temperatures the gas pressure in the vessel outside the receptacle is kept equal to the gas pressure inside the receptacle, and by the arrangement according to the invention thereby that the vessel contains at least one tray on the bottom of which one or more receptacles are intended to be placed, each tray being filled with said second liquid medium to such a level that the hydrostatic pressures on both sides of the wall of the receptacle equalize each other, and by means for keeping the gas pressure in the vessel outside the receptacle equal to the gas pressure inside the receptacle.
A method and an arrangement according to the invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawing, which shows an embodiment of an arrangement according to the invention.
By 10 is designated a closeable pressure vessel, in which two trays 12 and 14 are enclosed. Each tray is provided with a bottom 16, side walls 18 and a spillway 20 in the form of a pipe 21. In the respective tray a plurality of receptacles in the form of bottles 22 made of polyethylene are placed on a bottom plane 24. The bottles contain a liquid to a certain level 26.
The bottles 22 are heat treated by water circulated through the pressure vessel 10 by a pump 28 which pumps water collected on the bottom of the vessel through a heat exchanger 30 which heats the water, after which the water is sprayed onto the bottles in the upper tray 12 through nozzles 32. Openings 34 in the bottom of the tray 12 let out a part of the water but also see to it that the water in the tray rises to the level 36 of the spillway 20, which lets out the rest of the water supplied through the nozzles 32.
As a complement or an alternative to the heat exchanger 30 steam can be introduced through a valve 34 into the vessel 10 to heat the circulating water.
The object of the spillway 20 is to keep such a level 36 outside the bottles 22 that the hydrostatic pressures on both sides of the wall 38 of the bottle substantially equalize each other and substantially counteract the deformation, which the liquid in the bottle would have caused on the wall of the bottle if there had not been any liquid level on the outside of the bottle.
On testing cylindrical polyethylene bottles containing so-called infusion solution, i.e. a solution of medicaments in water, which solution has substantially the same density as water, it has proved that the bottles substantially maintain their cylindrical form and their measures during a heat treatment up to 100°C. At the test the level 36 of the water was kept equal to the level 26 of the infusion solution. Grooves 40 were arranged in the bottom plane 24 to let in water under the convex bottom 42 of the bottle. The convex bottom 42 also maintained its form during the heat treatment.
The lower tray 14 is similar to and works in the same way as the upper tray 12. The tray 14 is supplied with heat treating liquid from the upper tray 12.
If the liquid in the bottles has substantially the same density as the heat treating liquid the smallest deformation of the bottles is obtained if the level 36 is kept substantially equal to the level 26. If the liquid in the bottles has a larger density than the heat treating liquid, the level 36 is suitably kept higher than the level 26, and if the liquid in the bottles has a smaller density than the heat treating liquid, the level 36 is suitably kept lower than the level 26 so that the deformation of the bottles shall become as small as possible.
After the heat treatment the bottles are cooled, suitably thereby that water, cooled by the heat exchanger 30, is circulated through the vessel 10 via the nozzles 32.
Instead of letting the end 20 of the pipe 21 constitute a spillway, one can let the upper edge 44 of the tray 12, 14 constitute a spillway.
In the part 46 of the bottle, which is located above the level 26, a gaseous medium is enclosed, which strives to expand and thereby deform the bottle when the temperature rises. This expansion and deformation is counteracted by pressure air, which is introduced into the vessel 10 through a valve 48, such that the pressure in the vessel 10 is kept equal to the pressure in the part 46. Air and steam can be let out of the vessel 10 through another valve 50, such that the pressure in the vessel 10 does not become larger than the pressure in the part 46, in which case the bottle would be squeezed.

Claims

1. Method to heat and after that cool a first liquid medium in a pressure vessel (10) by means of a second liquid medium, the first liquid medium being enclosed in a receptacle (22) to a certain level (26) above which a gaseous medium is enclosed in the receptacle, said second liquid medium being brought into contact with the outside of the receptacle and reaching temperatures at which the material of the wall (38) of the receptacle becomes soft and strives at being deformed permanently by the gas pressure and the hydrostatic pressure of the media in the receptacle, characterized in that the second medium surrounds the receptacle (22) to such a level (36) that the hydrostatic pressure on both sides of the wall (38) of the receptacle equalize each other, and at least when the material of the wall (38) of the receptacle has said temperatures the gas pressure in the vessel (10) outside the receptacle (22) is kept equal to the gas pressure inside the receptacle.

2. Arrangement for carrying out the method according to claim 1 to heat and after that cool a first liquid medium .in a pressure vessel (10) by means of a second liquid medium, the first liquid medium being enclosed in a receptacle (22) to a certain level (26) above which a gaseous medium is enclosed in the receptacle, said second liquid medium being brought into contact with the outside of the receptacle, characterized in that the vessel (10) contains at least one tray (12, 14) on the bottom (16) of which one or more receptacles (22) are intended to be placed, each tray (12, 14) being filled with said second liquid medium to such a level (36) that the hydrostatic pressures on both sides of the wall (38) of the receptacle equalize each other, and by means (48, 50) for keeping the gas pressure in the vessel (10) outside the receptacle (22) equal to the gas pressure inside the receptacle.

3. Arrangement according to claim 2, characterized by a first means (32) to supply the second medium to the tray (12, 14), openings (34) in the bottom (16) to let out a part of the second medium from the tray and a spillway (20), located at said level (36), to let out the rest of the second medium from the tray.

4. Arrangement according to Claim 3, characterized in that the bottom (16) is provided with a groove (40) to let in the second medium under the receptacle.

5. Arrangement according to any of Claims 2-4, characterized in that a plurality of trays (12, 14) are arranged above each other, the medium flowing away from one tray (12) being arranged to be supplied to the tray (14) located below.