EP0155217A1 - Safety device for load-hoisting equipment - Google Patents

Safety device for load-hoisting equipment Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0155217A1
EP0155217A1 EP85400486A EP85400486A EP0155217A1 EP 0155217 A1 EP0155217 A1 EP 0155217A1 EP 85400486 A EP85400486 A EP 85400486A EP 85400486 A EP85400486 A EP 85400486A EP 0155217 A1 EP0155217 A1 EP 0155217A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pulley
load
chain
block
safety device
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP85400486A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0155217B1 (en
Inventor
Daniel Blaive
Eric Chopinet
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Framatome Te Courbevoie Frankrijk
Original Assignee
Novatome SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Novatome SA filed Critical Novatome SA
Priority to AT85400486T priority Critical patent/ATE29867T1/en
Publication of EP0155217A1 publication Critical patent/EP0155217A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0155217B1 publication Critical patent/EP0155217B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66D—CAPSTANS; WINCHES; TACKLES, e.g. PULLEY BLOCKS; HOISTS
    • B66D3/00—Portable or mobile lifting or hauling appliances
    • B66D3/04—Pulley blocks or like devices in which force is applied to a rope, cable, or chain which passes over one or more pulleys, e.g. to obtain mechanical advantage
    • B66D3/06—Pulley blocks or like devices in which force is applied to a rope, cable, or chain which passes over one or more pulleys, e.g. to obtain mechanical advantage with more than one pulley
    • B66D3/10—Applications of braking or detent devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C15/00—Safety gear
    • B66C15/02—Safety gear for retaining load-engaging elements in the event of rope or cable breakage

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a safety device for an apparatus for lifting a load comprising at least one winch, the pulley of which is a chain pulley.
  • lifting devices are used to transport elements of large mass inside the nuclear power plant.
  • Lifting devices are used in particular comprising: winches having chain pulleys for the transport of fuel assemblies: during the loading and unloading operations of the reactor.
  • Such lifting devices generally comprise two winches provided with chain pulleys on which the two vertical strands, one chain, pass, at the upper part of their path.
  • the chain is returned to the lower part of its path by a chain pulley mounted cotatively around a horizontal axis in a block on which the load is hung.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to propose a safety device for a device for lifting a load comprising at least one winch. whose pulley is a chain pulley, a lifting chain returned to the lower part of its path by a second chain pulley rotatably mounted around a horizontal axis in the body of a block on which the load is hung and a means for taking up the vertical strand of the chain opposite the strand joining the winch to the second pulley, this safety device being very reliable and in particular making it possible to avoid untimely stops of the lifting device, by absence of an effective rupture of the chain.
  • the safety device comprises, carried by the body of the muffle, at least one means of blocking the second pulley relative to the body of the muffle movable between an out of service position, the pulley then being free to rotate in the block of the block for displacement of the load and a service position where the pulley is locked in rotation in the block, thanks to a control assembly comprising at least one load sensor on which the weight of the load in normal operation of the winch via the strands of the chain and which is freed from this load in the event of a break in one of the strands of the chain, the control assembly does not trigger the blocking of the pulley of the block only for a release of the load actually corresponding to a rupture of one of the strands of the chain, the load then remaining attached to the remaining strand.
  • Figure 1 shows an elevational view in partial section of a lifting device provided with a safety device according to the invention.
  • Figures 2a and 2b show a sectional view of an alternative embodiment of the locking means of a safety device according to the invention, in its position during normal operation of the lifting device.
  • Figures 2c and 2d are sectional views of the locking means of the safety device according to the invention, after breaking of a chain.
  • Figure 3 is a diagram of the electronic part of the control assembly of a safety device as shown in Figures 1 and 2a to 2d.
  • Figure 4 is a simplified view of the control assembly of the blocking means of the pulley of the device shown in Figures 2a to 2d.
  • FIG 1 we see a lifting device comprising two winches 1 and 2 whose pulleys are chain pulleys and whose motorization device has not been shown.
  • the pulleys of the winches 1 and 2 are rotatably mounted around their horizontal axis in bearings 3 and 4 respectively, themselves fixed on support bases 5 and 6.
  • the bases 5 and 6 rest on an upper support surface 10 by means of joints with a horizontal axis 11 and 12 and support assemblies constituted by a shock absorber 13 (or 14) and a load cell 15 (or 16).
  • the muffle 19 comprises a body 21 inside which is mounted a chain pulley 24, inside a housing 22 into which open the wells 25 and 27 for passage of the chain 18.
  • the pulley 22 is rotatably mounted around a horizontal axis in the muffle body 21 thanks to its central shaft 23 mounted at its ends in bearings carried by the muffle body 21. Between its rim 24 machined externally to mesh with the chain 18 and its central shaft 23 , the pulley has two hollow machined cheeks on each of its faces, one of which is visible in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 1 we see the support 26a of one of the two locking means of the security device.
  • the support is rigidly fixed on the block body 21, at its end opposite to that entering the cheek of the pulley 24.
  • the support 26a is of generally cylindrical shape and has a recess 28a forming between the support 26a and the inner surface of the rim of the pulley 24 a wedge-shaped space.
  • the support 26a mounted coaxially to the shaft 23 of the pulley 24 is pierced at its central part with a bore with a diameter greater than the diameter of the shaft 23.
  • the outside diameter of the support 26a is less than the inside diameter of the rim of the pulley 24, so that the latter can rotate freely around the support 26a secured to the block body 21.
  • a second support 26b is mounted in the same way as the support 26a inside the corresponding cheek of the pulley 24.
  • This support 26b of a generally cylindrical shape is machined to form an opening 28b providing a wedge-shaped space between the support 26b and the inner surface of the rim 24.
  • the opening 28b is machined so that the wedge-shaped surface corresponding is directed in the opposite direction to the wedge-shaped surface limited by the opening 28a of the support 26a.
  • the outline of this symmetrical opening 28b of the opening 28 is shown in dotted lines in FIG. 1 with respect to a vertical plane perpendicular to the plane of FIG. 1 passing through the axis of rotation of the pulley 24.
  • a wedging roller 30a (or 30b). This jamming roller is pushed towards the corner of the wedge-shaped space by a spring 3la (or 31b).
  • the jamming rollers 30a and 30b are held in the rear position against the effect of the spring, by an articulated arm 32 in two parts, one end of which is hingedly connected to a rod 33 itself secured to the plunger core 34 of an electromagnet 35.
  • the plunger core 34 is in the high position as shown in Figure 1 and in this case the arm 32, mounted freely rotary by means of two rings 37 on the shaft 23 of the pulley 24, is in a position as shown in FIG. 1 where its ends provided with fingers 38 push the rollers 30a (and 30b) backwards.
  • the pulley 24 is blocked in rotation in both directions, the roller 30a blocking it in the direction of arrow 39 and the roller 30b in the opposite direction.
  • the load 20 is fixed to the lower part 40 of the body 21 of the block 19, this lower part 40 being itself fixed to the part of the cylinder body carrying the pulley 24, by means of spring fasteners 41 allowing a some protection of the lifting device.
  • the load is fully supported by the chain 18, via the pulley 24 and the muffle 19.
  • the weight of the load is transmitted by the chain 18 to the winches 1 and 2, to their supports 5 and 6 and to the load cells 15 and 16.
  • one of the weighing cells 15 in the case of a break in the strand 18a and 16 in the case of a break in the strand 18b of the chain) therefore records a sudden drop in the measured load.
  • This sudden modification of the load measured by the load cells is used to control the cut-off of the power supply to the electromagnet 35 and therefore the blocking in rotation of the pulley 24.
  • FIGS. 2a and 2b we see two sections through planes parallel to the cheeks of the pulley 44 and symmetrical with respect to the median plane of the pulley, showing the two parts of the locking means of the safety device.
  • This blocking device comprises two supports 46a and 46b arranged on either side of the pulley 44 and having their end inside the cheeks of this pulley.
  • the supports 46a and 46b are fixed to the muffle body 45 by their part 47 of tubular shape comprising slots 48 for the movement of the actuating assembly 50.
  • the supports 46a and 46b comprise in the embodiment four recesses 49 providing between their surface and the internal surface of the rim of the pulley 44, a wedge-shaped space inside which is disposed a roller 52 pushed towards the angle of the wedge-shaped space by a spring 51 placed in a housing provided in the support 46.
  • the actuating means 50 of the blocking device is freely rotatably mounted on the shaft 43 of the pulley 44.
  • This means actuator is articulated on the rod 53 integral with the core 54 of an electromagnet 55.
  • the other part of the means actuator 50 visible in FIG. 2b is also mounted articulated with respect to the rod 53 of the electromagnet 55.
  • the recesses 49 of the supports 46a and 46b are arranged opposite to block the pulley 44 in one direction and the other and the two parts 50a and 50b of the actuating means of the blocking device have fingers 55 in inverted position to maintain the rollers 52 against the action of the springs 51, when the electromagnet 55 is energized, as can be seen in FIGS. 2a and 2b. In this position, the rollers 52 are held so that there is a clearance between the inner surface of the rim of the pulley 24 and these rollers. The pulley 24 can then rotate freely in the body of the block 45 for the normal operation of the load lifting device.
  • control assembly comprising the load cells (such as 15 and 16) arranged under the winches 1 and 2 on FIG. 1 which does not trigger a cut in the supply of the electromagnet such as 35 or 55 in FIGS. 1 and 2, in the case of a charge variation such as it may appear at the time of the removal or start of load lifting.
  • the load cells such as 15 and 16 shown in FIG. 1 fixed on the winch supports 1 and 2 respectively are constituted by strain gauges arranged in a measuring bridge. These gauges are connected to a measuring amplifier of the MGT 31 R type from the SCHENK Company. At the output of the MGT 31 R conditioners, a voltage proportional to the mass of the lifted load is obtained. This voltage obtained for each of the load cells is applied to one of the two input terminals of the measurement electronics shown in Figures 3 and 4.
  • the signal representative of the mass supported by the first weighing cell is received by the input terminal 1 and the signal representative of the mass supported by the second load cell, by terminal 2 of the control electronics. These signals are processed in a high-pass filter CI 1 which only outputs rapid variations of the signal representative of the mass supported by the load cells. During all normal winch operation, including the phases of picking up or depositing a load or variations in the operating speed of the winches, the output of the high pass filter is a constant signal which is transmitted to an input. of a CI comparator 3.
  • the load cell signals are also processed in a low-pass filter CI 2 which outputs a negative voltage signal representative of a certain percentage of the mass supported by the lifting device.
  • Resistors R3 and R4 were chosen to obtain a voltage at the output of the low-pass filter representing 80% of the load which is being lifted. This voltage serves as the reference voltage on the comparator.
  • This reference voltage only translates: variations in the load with a delay of several seconds, so that the reference remains constant during a very rapid variation of the load such as that accompanying the rupture of one of the strands of chain. The comparison will therefore be made between the voltage representative of the instantaneous value of the supported mass and the reference voltage representative of a value equal to 80% of the supported mass.
  • FIG. 4 shows a control assembly comprising two electromagnets 55 each associated with a part (50a or 50b) of a two-part actuation device 50.
  • the safety device is not triggered since the reference constantly taken into account by the control electronics and representative of the supported mass, is appreciably less than this mass and does not undergo a notable variation during a rapid variation of the load.
  • the device can therefore operate with different loads and without risk of blockage when starting or stopping the lifting device.
  • the safety device according to the invention is therefore very reliable since it allows the blocking of the block of the block to be stopped each time a variation in the load corresponding to a break in the chain is recorded.
  • This device reacts very quickly, its performance being limited only by the travel time of the moving parts such as the core of the electromagnet, the actuation means and the rollers. This reaction time can be reduced either by increasing the air gap of the electromagnet or by reducing the masses or even by reducing the clearances between the rollers and the pulley of the block.
  • the device according to the invention has the advantage of not triggering the locking means for variations of lower amplitude or at lower speed than those which correspond to a break in one of the strands. chain. This avoids inadvertently triggering the security system.
  • balls or other blocking elements of the block of the block can be used, so that these blocking elements can be arranged in a different way, for example in the vicinity of the outer surface of the pulley or on the contrary in the vicinity of its axis.
  • control assembly comprising electronic means different from those which have been described.
  • electronic means different from those which have been described.
  • reference signal of the load in a different way from that which has been described and even choose a fixed reference although this solution is less satisfactory than the described solution.
  • control assembly comprising a single load sensor placed under a support common to the two winches of the lifting device.
  • the invention applies not only to a lifting device comprising two winches but also to a lifting device comprising a single winch, the second strand of the chain being connected for example to a fixed point which constitutes the means for taking up the load on the second strand of the chain via a load sensor.
  • a damper is provided between the chain and the fixed point to absorb the energy when the load is blocked.
  • the safety device according to the invention applies in the case of any lifting device comprising chain winches used in the nuclear field or in another industry.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Control And Safety Of Cranes (AREA)
  • Load-Engaging Elements For Cranes (AREA)
  • Forklifts And Lifting Vehicles (AREA)
  • Devices For Conveying Motion By Means Of Endless Flexible Members (AREA)
  • Jib Cranes (AREA)

Abstract

1. A safety device for a load hoisting apparatus comprising at least one winch (1) whose pulley is a chain pulley, a hoisting chain (18) returned in the lower part of its path by a second chain pulley (24) rotatively mounted on a horizontal shaft in the body of a pulley-block (21) to which the load (20) is hooked, and means (2) for taking up the vertical portion (18b) of the chain (18) opposed to the portion (18a) connecting the winch (1) to the second pulley (24), the safety device comprising at least one roller for wedging the second pulley (24) relative to the pulley-block (21) disposed within the pulley (24) and novable between an inoperative position, the pulley (24) being then free to rotate in the body of the pulley-block (21) for the displacement of the load (20), and an operative position in which the pulley (24) is locked against rotation in the pulley-block (21), characterised in that the wedging roller disposed in a cavity (28) of a support (26) integral with the body of the pulley-block (21) inside the pulley (24), and biased toward the inner surface of the pulley (24) by a spring (31) is actuated by a control unit comprising at least one load sensor (15-16) against which the weight of the load (20) is applied in the normal operation of the winch (1) through the portions (18a, 18b) of the chain (18) and which is released from the load (20) in the case of the breakage of one of the portions of the chain (18), and a pivotal arm (32) associated with at least one electromagnet (35) whose supply is controlled by the load sensor (15-18) maintaining the roller (30) in the retracted position relative to the inner surface of the pulley (24), when it is supplied with power, the load sensor (15-16) bringing about the cutting off of the supply of the electromagnet (35) and the locking of the pulley (24) of the pulley-block (19) when the release of the load (20) effectively corresponds to a breakage of one of the portions of the chain (18), the load being then hooked to the remaining portion (18a, 18b).

Description

L'invention concerne un dispositif de sécurité pour un appareil le levage d'une charge comportant au moins un treuil dont la poulie est une poulie à chaine.The invention relates to a safety device for an apparatus for lifting a load comprising at least one winch, the pulley of which is a chain pulley.

Dans l'exploitation des centrales nucléaires, telles que les cen- :rales nucléaires comportant un réacteur à neutrons rapides, on utilise des appareils de levage pour le transport d'éléments de masse importante à l'in- cérieur de la centrale nucléaire.In the operation of nuclear power plants, such as nuclear power stations with a fast neutron reactor, lifting devices are used to transport elements of large mass inside the nuclear power plant.

On utilise en particulier des appareils de levage comportant des :reuils ayant des poulies à chaine pour le transport des assemblages combus- :ibles au cours des opérations de chargement et de déchargement du réac- :eur.Lifting devices are used in particular comprising: winches having chain pulleys for the transport of fuel assemblies: during the loading and unloading operations of the reactor.

De tels appareils de levage comportent généralement deux treuils munis de poulies à chaine sur lesquelles passent les deux brins verticaux l'une chaine, à la partie supérieure de leur parcours. La chaine est renvo- rée à la partie inférieure de son parcours par une poulie à chaine montée cotative autour d'un axe horizontal dans une moufle sur laquelle est accrochée la charge.Such lifting devices generally comprise two winches provided with chain pulleys on which the two vertical strands, one chain, pass, at the upper part of their path. The chain is returned to the lower part of its path by a chain pulley mounted cotatively around a horizontal axis in a block on which the load is hung.

Le fonctionnement de ces appareils est généralement satisfaisant ouisqu'il ne se produit pas de glissement entre la chaine et les poulies et qu'on utilise deux treuils dont un seul est suffisant pour assurer les dé- blacements verticaux de la charge. En cas de panne de l'un des treuils, le second peut assurer à lui seul un fonctionnement correct du dispositif.The operation of these devices is generally satisfactory, or if there is no slippage between the chain and the pulleys and two winches are used, only one of which is sufficient to ensure the vertical unloading of the load. In the event of one of the winches failing, the second can alone ensure correct operation of the device.

Cependant, un tel appareil de levage ne peut permettre d'éviter ine chute de la charge, dans le cas d'une rupture d'un des brins de la chai- ie. De telles chutes peuvent avoir des conséquences particulièrement graves dans le cas de la manutention de charges fragiles et de grande masse, :elles que des assemblages combustibles, dans une centrale nucléaire.However, such a lifting device cannot prevent a fall in the load in the event of one of the strands of the chain breaking. Such falls can have particularly serious consequences in the case of handling fragile and large-mass loads, such as fuel assemblies, in a nuclear power plant.

On a proposé des dispositifs permettant d'éviter une chute de la charge en cas de rupture de la chaine ou de limiter les conséquences de cette chute. Cependant, ces dispositifs de sécurité ne présentent pas une grande fiabilité et entraînent souvent des arrêts intempestifs, pendant le Eonctionnement normal du dispositif de levage, alors qu'il n'y a pas eu de cupture de la chaine. De tels arrêts peuvent intervenir lors de variations le tension de la chaine, au moment du soulèvement de la charge ou au con- :raire lors de la dépose de celle-ci.Devices have been proposed which make it possible to avoid a fall in the load in the event of a chain break or to limit the consequences of this fall. However, these safety devices are not very reliable and often cause untimely stops, during the normal operation of the lifting device, when there has been no break in the chain. Such stops can occur when the chain tension changes, when the load is lifted, or when the chain is removed.

Le but de l'invention est donc de proposer un dispositif de sécu- cité d'un appareillage de levage d'une charge comportant au moins un treuil dont la poulie est une poulie à chaine, une chaine de levage renvoyée à la partie inférieure de son parcours par une seconde poulie à chaine montée rotative autour d'un axe horizontal dans le corps d'une moufle sur laquelle est accrochée la charge et un moyen de reprise du brin vertical de la chaine opposé au brin joignant le treuil à la seconde poulie, ce dispositif de sécurité étant d'une grande fiabilité et en particulier permettant d'éviter des arrêts intempestifs de l'appareil de levage, en l'absence d'une rupture effective de la chaine.The object of the invention is therefore to propose a safety device for a device for lifting a load comprising at least one winch. whose pulley is a chain pulley, a lifting chain returned to the lower part of its path by a second chain pulley rotatably mounted around a horizontal axis in the body of a block on which the load is hung and a means for taking up the vertical strand of the chain opposite the strand joining the winch to the second pulley, this safety device being very reliable and in particular making it possible to avoid untimely stops of the lifting device, by absence of an effective rupture of the chain.

Dans ce but, le dispositif de sécurité suivant l'invention comporte, porté par le corps de la moufle, au moins un moyen de blocage de la seconde poulie par rapport au corps de la moufle mobile entre une position hors service, la poulie étant alors libre de tourner dans le corps de la moufle pour le déplacement de la charge et une position de service où la poulie est bloquée en rotation dans la moufle, grâce à un ensemble de commande comprenant au moins un capteur de charge sur lequel s'applique le poids de la charge en marche normale du treuil par l'intermédiaire des brins de la chaine et qui est libéré de cette charge en cas de rupture de l'un des brins de la chaine, l'ensemble de commande ne déclenchant le blocage de la poulie de la moufle que pour une libèration de la charge correspondant effectivement à une rupture d'un des brins de la chaine, la charge restant alors accrochée au brin restant.For this purpose, the safety device according to the invention comprises, carried by the body of the muffle, at least one means of blocking the second pulley relative to the body of the muffle movable between an out of service position, the pulley then being free to rotate in the block of the block for displacement of the load and a service position where the pulley is locked in rotation in the block, thanks to a control assembly comprising at least one load sensor on which the weight of the load in normal operation of the winch via the strands of the chain and which is freed from this load in the event of a break in one of the strands of the chain, the control assembly does not trigger the blocking of the pulley of the block only for a release of the load actually corresponding to a rupture of one of the strands of the chain, the load then remaining attached to the remaining strand.

Afin de bien faire comprendre l'invention, on va maintenant décrire à titre d'exemple non limitatif, en se référant aux figures jointes en annexe, un mode de réalisation d'un dispositif de sécurité suivant l'invention dans le cas d'un appareil de levage à deux treuils.In order to clearly understand the invention, a description will now be given by way of nonlimiting example, with reference to the attached figures, of an embodiment of a safety device according to the invention in the case of a lifting device with two winches.

La figure 1 représente une vue en élévation avec coupe partielle d'un appareil de levage muni d'un dispositif de sécurité suivant l'invention.Figure 1 shows an elevational view in partial section of a lifting device provided with a safety device according to the invention.

Les figures 2a et 2b représentent une vue en coupe d'une variante de réalisation du moyen de blocage d'un dispositif de sécurité suivant l'invention, dans sa position pendant la marche normale de l'appareil de levage.Figures 2a and 2b show a sectional view of an alternative embodiment of the locking means of a safety device according to the invention, in its position during normal operation of the lifting device.

Les figures 2c et 2d sont des vues en coupe du moyen de blocage du dispositif de sécurité suivant l'invention, après rupture d'une chaine.Figures 2c and 2d are sectional views of the locking means of the safety device according to the invention, after breaking of a chain.

La figure 3 est un schéma de la partie électronique de l'ensemble de commande d'un dispositif de sécurité tel que représenté aux figures 1 et 2a à 2d.Figure 3 is a diagram of the electronic part of the control assembly of a safety device as shown in Figures 1 and 2a to 2d.

La figure 4 est une vue simplifiée de l'ensemble de commande du moyen de blocage de la poulie du dispositif représenté aux figures 2a à 2d.Figure 4 is a simplified view of the control assembly of the blocking means of the pulley of the device shown in Figures 2a to 2d.

Sur la figure 1, on voit un appareil de levage comportant deux treuils 1 et 2 dont les poulies sont des poulies à chaine et dont le dispositif de motorisation n'a pas été représenté. Les poulies des treuils 1 et 2 sont montées rotatives autour de leur axe horizontal dans des paliers 3 et 4 respectivement, eux-mêmes fixés sur des socles de support 5 et 6. Les socles 5 et 6 reposent sur une surface d'appui supérieur 10 par l'intermédiaire d'articulations à axe horizontal 11 et 12 et d'ensembles d'appui constitués par un amortisseur 13 (ou 14) et une cellule de pesée 15 (ou 16).In Figure 1, we see a lifting device comprising two winches 1 and 2 whose pulleys are chain pulleys and whose motorization device has not been shown. The pulleys of the winches 1 and 2 are rotatably mounted around their horizontal axis in bearings 3 and 4 respectively, themselves fixed on support bases 5 and 6. The bases 5 and 6 rest on an upper support surface 10 by means of joints with a horizontal axis 11 and 12 and support assemblies constituted by a shock absorber 13 (or 14) and a load cell 15 (or 16).

Une chaine 18 dont le brin 18a engrène avec la poulie du treuil 1 et le brin 18b avec la poulie du treuil 2 supporte la moufle 19 sur laquelle est accrochée la charge 20.A chain 18, the strand 18a meshes with the winch pulley 1 and the strand 18b with the winch pulley 2 supports the block 19 on which the load 20 is hung.

La moufle 19 comporte un corps 21 à l'intérieur duquel est montée une poulie à chaine 24, à l'intérieur d'un logement 22 dans lequel débouchent les puits 25 et 27 de passage de la chaîne 18. La poulie 22 est montée rotative autour d'un axe horizontal dans le corps de moufle 21 grâce à son arbre central 23 monté à ses extrémités dans des paliers portés par le corps de moufle 21. Entre sa jante 24 usinée extérieurement pour engrèner avec la chaine 18 et son arbre central 23, la poulie comporte deux joues usinées en creux sur chacune de ses faces dont l'une est visible sur la figure 1.The muffle 19 comprises a body 21 inside which is mounted a chain pulley 24, inside a housing 22 into which open the wells 25 and 27 for passage of the chain 18. The pulley 22 is rotatably mounted around a horizontal axis in the muffle body 21 thanks to its central shaft 23 mounted at its ends in bearings carried by the muffle body 21. Between its rim 24 machined externally to mesh with the chain 18 and its central shaft 23 , the pulley has two hollow machined cheeks on each of its faces, one of which is visible in FIG. 1.

A l'intérieur de chacune de ces joues pénètre l'extrémité du support d'un moyen de blocage du dispositif de sécurité. Sur la figure 1, on voit le support 26a de l'un des deux moyens de blocage du dispositif de sécurité. Le support est fixé rigidement sur le corps de moufle 21, à son extrémité opposée à celle pénètrant dans la joue de la poulie 24. Le support 26a est de forme globalement cylindrique et comporte un évidement 28a ménageant entre le support 26a et la surface intérieure de la jante de la poulie 24 un espace en forme de coin. Le support 26a monté de façon coaxiale à l'arbre 23 de la poulie 24 est percé à sa partie centrale d'un alésage d'un diamètre supérieur au diamètre de l'arbre 23. Le diamètre extérieur du support 26a est inférieur au diamètre intérieur de la jante de la poulie 24, si bien que celle-ci peut tourner librement autour du support 26a solidaire du corps de moufle 21.Inside each of these cheeks penetrates the end of the support of a means for blocking the safety device. In Figure 1, we see the support 26a of one of the two locking means of the security device. The support is rigidly fixed on the block body 21, at its end opposite to that entering the cheek of the pulley 24. The support 26a is of generally cylindrical shape and has a recess 28a forming between the support 26a and the inner surface of the rim of the pulley 24 a wedge-shaped space. The support 26a mounted coaxially to the shaft 23 of the pulley 24 is pierced at its central part with a bore with a diameter greater than the diameter of the shaft 23. The outside diameter of the support 26a is less than the inside diameter of the rim of the pulley 24, so that the latter can rotate freely around the support 26a secured to the block body 21.

Sur l'autre face de la poulie 24 qui n'est pas visible sur la figure 1, un second support 26b est monté de la même façon que le support 26a à l'intérieur de la joue correspondante de la poulie 24. Ce support 26b d'une forme globalement cylindrique est usiné pour constituer une ouverture 28b ménageant un espace en forme de coin entre le support 26b et la surface intérieure de la jante 24. Cependant, l'ouverture 28b est usinée de façon que la surface en forme de coin correspondante soit dirigée dans le sens opposé à la surface en forme de coin limitée par l'ouverture 28a du support 26a. On a représenté en pointillés sur la figure 1, le contour de cette ouverture 28b symétrique de l'ouverture 28 par rapport à un plan vertical perpendiculaire au plan de la figure 1 passant par l'axe de rotation de la poulie 24.On the other face of the pulley 24 which is not visible in FIG. 1, a second support 26b is mounted in the same way as the support 26a inside the corresponding cheek of the pulley 24. This support 26b of a generally cylindrical shape is machined to form an opening 28b providing a wedge-shaped space between the support 26b and the inner surface of the rim 24. However, the opening 28b is machined so that the wedge-shaped surface corresponding is directed in the opposite direction to the wedge-shaped surface limited by the opening 28a of the support 26a. The outline of this symmetrical opening 28b of the opening 28 is shown in dotted lines in FIG. 1 with respect to a vertical plane perpendicular to the plane of FIG. 1 passing through the axis of rotation of the pulley 24.

A l'intérieur des espaces en forme de coin limités par les ouvertures 28a et 28b est disposé un galet de coincement 30a (ou 30b). Ce galet de coincement est repoussé vers l'angle de l'espace en forme de coin par un ressort 3la (ou 31b).Inside the wedge-shaped spaces limited by the openings 28a and 28b is disposed a wedging roller 30a (or 30b). This jamming roller is pushed towards the corner of the wedge-shaped space by a spring 3la (or 31b).

Pendant la marche normale de l'appareil de levage, les galets de coincement 30a et 30b sont maintenus en position arrière contre l'effet du ressort, par un bras articulé 32 en deux parties dont une extrémité est reliée de façon articulée à une tige 33 elle-même solidaire du noyau plongeur 34 d'un électro-aimant 35. Lorsque l'électro-aimant 35 est alimenté, le noyau plongeur 34 est en position haute comme représenté sur la figure 1 et dans ce cas le bras 32, monté librement rotatif par l'intermédiaire de deux bagues 37 sur l'arbre 23 de la poulie 24, est dans une position telle que représentée sur la figure 1 où ses extrémités munies de doigts 38 repoussent en position arrière les galets 30a (et 30b). Lorsque le courant d'alimentation de l'électro-aimant 35 est coupé, le noyau 34 et la tige 33 sont repoussés en partie basse par un ressort 36, ce qui provoque le recul des deux parties du bras 32 et des doigts 38 qui libèrent alors les galets 30. Les galets 30 sont repoussés vers l'angle de l'espace en forme de coin correspondant par les ressorts 31. Il y a alors blocage de la poulie 24 en rotation, par coincement des galets 30 dans l'espace en forme de coin.During normal operation of the lifting device, the jamming rollers 30a and 30b are held in the rear position against the effect of the spring, by an articulated arm 32 in two parts, one end of which is hingedly connected to a rod 33 itself secured to the plunger core 34 of an electromagnet 35. When the electromagnet 35 is energized, the plunger core 34 is in the high position as shown in Figure 1 and in this case the arm 32, mounted freely rotary by means of two rings 37 on the shaft 23 of the pulley 24, is in a position as shown in FIG. 1 where its ends provided with fingers 38 push the rollers 30a (and 30b) backwards. When the supply current to the electromagnet 35 is cut, the core 34 and the rod 33 are pushed back in the lower part by a spring 36, which causes the recoil of the two parts of the arm 32 and of the fingers 38 which release then the rollers 30. The rollers 30 are pushed towards the angle of the corresponding wedge-shaped space by the springs 31. There is then locking of the pulley 24 in rotation, by jamming the rollers 30 in the space wedge shape.

On peut noter que la poulie 24 est bloquée en rotation dans les deux sens, le galet 30a la bloquant dans le sens de la flèche 39 et le galet 30b dans le sens inverse.It can be noted that the pulley 24 is blocked in rotation in both directions, the roller 30a blocking it in the direction of arrow 39 and the roller 30b in the opposite direction.

La charge 20 est fixée à la partie inférieure 40 du corps 21 de la moufle 19, cette partie inférieure 40 étant elle-même fixée sur la partie du corps de vérin portant la poulie 24, par l'intermédiaire de fixations à ressort 41 permettant une certaine protection de l'appareil de levage. Pendant le fonctionnement normal de l'appareil de 'levage, la charge est entièrement supportée par la chaine 18, par l'intermédiaire de la poulie 24 et de la moufle 19. Le poids de la charge est transmis par la chaine 18 aux treuils 1 et 2, à leurs supports 5 et 6 et aux cellules de pesée 15 et 16.The load 20 is fixed to the lower part 40 of the body 21 of the block 19, this lower part 40 being itself fixed to the part of the cylinder body carrying the pulley 24, by means of spring fasteners 41 allowing a some protection of the lifting device. During normal operation of the lifting device, the load is fully supported by the chain 18, via the pulley 24 and the muffle 19. The weight of the load is transmitted by the chain 18 to the winches 1 and 2, to their supports 5 and 6 and to the load cells 15 and 16.

En cas de rupture de l'un des brins 18a ou 18b de la chaine 18, l'une des cellules de pesée (15 dans le cas d'une rupture du brin 18a et 16 dans le cas d'une rupture du brin 18b de la chaine) enregistre donc une chute brutale de la charge mesurée. On utilise cette modification brutale de la charge mesurée par les cellules de pesée pour commander la coupure de l'alimentation de l'électro-aimant 35 et donc le blocage en rotation de la poulie 24.In the event of a break in one of the strands 18a or 18b of the chain 18, one of the weighing cells (15 in the case of a break in the strand 18a and 16 in the case of a break in the strand 18b of the chain) therefore records a sudden drop in the measured load. This sudden modification of the load measured by the load cells is used to control the cut-off of the power supply to the electromagnet 35 and therefore the blocking in rotation of the pulley 24.

Lorsque la poulie 24 est bloquée en rotation, la chute de la charge ne peut se produire puisque la chaine 18 reste engrènée sur la poulie 24 qui est elle-même bloquée en rotation. La moufle 19 et la charge se mettent donc en biais par rapport à leur position normale mais restent accrochées au brin de la chaine non rompu. En utilisant le treuil sur lequel passe ce brin non rompu, on peut venir reposer la charge à vitesse normale.When the pulley 24 is locked in rotation, the fall of the load cannot occur since the chain 18 remains meshed on the pulley 24 which is itself locked in rotation. The muffle 19 and the load are therefore biased relative to their normal position but remain attached to the strand of the chain not broken. By using the winch on which this unbroken strand passes, the load can come to rest at normal speed.

Les galets de coincement 30a et 30b étant libérés simultanément, la poulie 24 est bloquée en rotation dans les deux sens, si bien que la charge est maintenue aussi bien dans le cas d'une rupture du brin 18a de la chaine que dans le cas d'une rupture du brin 18b.The jamming rollers 30a and 30b being released simultaneously, the pulley 24 is locked in rotation in both directions, so that the load is maintained both in the case of a break in the strand 18a of the chain as in the case of 'a break in the strand 18b.

On va maintenant décrire en se référant aux figures 2a à 2d, une variante de réalisation du moyen de blocage du dispositif de sécurité suivant l'invention.We will now describe with reference to Figures 2a to 2d, an alternative embodiment of the locking means of the safety device according to the invention.

Sur les figures 2a et 2b on voit deux coupes par des plans parallèles aux joues de la poulie 44 et symétriques par rapport au plan médian de la poulie, montrant les deux parties du moyen de blocage du dispositif de sécurité. Ce dispositif de blocage comporte deux supports 46a et 46b disposés de part et d'autre de la poulie 44 et ayant leur extrémité à l'intérieur des joues de cette poulie. Les supports 46a et 46b sont fixés sur le corps de moufle 45 par leur partie 47 de forme tubulaire comportant des fentes 48 pour le débattement de l'ensemble d'actionnement 50.In FIGS. 2a and 2b we see two sections through planes parallel to the cheeks of the pulley 44 and symmetrical with respect to the median plane of the pulley, showing the two parts of the locking means of the safety device. This blocking device comprises two supports 46a and 46b arranged on either side of the pulley 44 and having their end inside the cheeks of this pulley. The supports 46a and 46b are fixed to the muffle body 45 by their part 47 of tubular shape comprising slots 48 for the movement of the actuating assembly 50.

Les supports 46a et 46b comportent dans l'exemple de réalisation quatre évidements 49 ménageant entre leur surface et la surface interne de la jante de la poulie 44, un espace en forme de coin à l'intérieur duquel est disposé un galet 52 repoussé vers l'angle de l'espace en forme de coin par un ressort 51 placé dans un logement prévu dans le support 46. Le moyen d'actionnement 50 du dispositif de blocage est monté librement rotatif sur l'arbre 43 de la poulie 44. Ce moyen d'actionnement est articulé sur la tige 53 solidaire du noyau 54 d'un électro-aimant 55. L'autre partie du moyen d'actionnement 50 visible sur la figure 2b est également montée articulée par rapport à la tige 53 de l'électro-aimant 55.The supports 46a and 46b comprise in the embodiment four recesses 49 providing between their surface and the internal surface of the rim of the pulley 44, a wedge-shaped space inside which is disposed a roller 52 pushed towards the angle of the wedge-shaped space by a spring 51 placed in a housing provided in the support 46. The actuating means 50 of the blocking device is freely rotatably mounted on the shaft 43 of the pulley 44. This means actuator is articulated on the rod 53 integral with the core 54 of an electromagnet 55. The other part of the means actuator 50 visible in FIG. 2b is also mounted articulated with respect to the rod 53 of the electromagnet 55.

Les évidements 49 des supports 46a et 46b sont disposés de façon opposée pour réaliser le blocage de la poulie 44 dans un sens et dans l'autre et les deux parties 50a et 50b du moyen d'actionnement du dispositif de blocage comportent des doigts 55 en position inversée pour maintenir les galets 52 contre l'action des ressorts 51, lorsque l'électro-aimant 55 est alimenté, comme il est visible sur les figures 2a et 2b. Dans cette position, les galets 52 sont maintenus de façon qu'il existe un jeu entre la surface intérieure de la jante de la poulie 24 et ces galets. La poulie 24 peut alors tourner librement dans le corps de la moufle 45 pour le fonctionnement normal de l'appareil de levage de la charge.The recesses 49 of the supports 46a and 46b are arranged opposite to block the pulley 44 in one direction and the other and the two parts 50a and 50b of the actuating means of the blocking device have fingers 55 in inverted position to maintain the rollers 52 against the action of the springs 51, when the electromagnet 55 is energized, as can be seen in FIGS. 2a and 2b. In this position, the rollers 52 are held so that there is a clearance between the inner surface of the rim of the pulley 24 and these rollers. The pulley 24 can then rotate freely in the body of the block 45 for the normal operation of the load lifting device.

Lorsque l'alimentation de l'électro-aimant est coupée, la tige 53 et le noyau 54 sont rappelés dans leur position représentée aux figures 2c et 2d, par le ressort 56. Le moyen d'actionnement 50 vient alors dans une position où les galets 52 sont libérés et repoussés par les ressorts 51 vers l'angle de l'espace en forme de coin.When the power supply to the electromagnet is cut, the rod 53 and the core 54 are returned to their position shown in FIGS. 2c and 2d, by the spring 56. The actuating means 50 then comes into a position where the rollers 52 are released and pushed by the springs 51 towards the corner of the wedge-shaped space.

On voit sur les figures 2c et 2d, que la poulie 44 est alors bloquée en rotation dans les deux sens, ce qui permet de maintenir la moufle 45 et la charge qui lui est fixée aussi bien dans le cas de la rupture du brin 58a (figure 2c) que dans le cas de la rupture du brin 58b de la chaine (figure 2d).It can be seen in FIGS. 2c and 2d, that the pulley 44 is then locked in rotation in both directions, which makes it possible to maintain the block 45 and the load which is fixed to it as well in the case of the breaking of the strand 58a ( Figure 2c) that in the case of the breaking of the strand 58b of the chain (Figure 2d).

Pour éviter un fonctionnement intempestif du dispositif de sécurité entraînant un blocage de la poulie de la moufle, il est nécessaire de disposer d'un ensemble de commande comportant les cellules de pesée (telles que 15 et 16) disposées sous les treuils 1 et 2 sur la figure 1 qui ne déclenche pas une coupure de l'alimentation de l'électro-aimant tel que 35 ou 55 sur les figures 1 et 2, dans le cas d'une variation de charge telle qu'elle peut apparaître au moment de la dépose ou du début de levage de la charge.To avoid inadvertent operation of the safety device resulting in blockage of the block of the block, it is necessary to have a control assembly comprising the load cells (such as 15 and 16) arranged under the winches 1 and 2 on FIG. 1 which does not trigger a cut in the supply of the electromagnet such as 35 or 55 in FIGS. 1 and 2, in the case of a charge variation such as it may appear at the time of the removal or start of load lifting.

Un tel ensemble de commande va être décrit maintenant, en particulier en se référant aux figures 3 et 4 et au tableau ci-dessous donnant la liste des composants utilisés dans l'électronique de commande représentée sur la figure 3 et de façon plus schématique sur la figure 4.

Figure imgb0001
Such a control assembly will now be described, in particular with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4 and to the table below giving the list of components used in the control electronics represented in FIG. 3 and more schematically in the figure 4.
Figure imgb0001

Les cellules de pesée telles que 15 et 16 représentées sur la figure 1 fixées sur les supports de treuils 1 et 2 respectivement sont constituées par des jauges d'extensiomètrie disposées dans un pont de mesure. Ces jauges sont raccordées à un amplificateur de mesure du type MGT 31 R de la Société SCHENK. A la sortie des conditionneurs MGT 31 R, on obtient une tension proportionnelle à la masse de la charge soulevée. Cette tension obtenue pour chacune des cellules de pesée est appliquée à l'une des deux bornes d'entrée de l'électronique de mesure représentée sur les figures 3 et 4.The load cells such as 15 and 16 shown in FIG. 1 fixed on the winch supports 1 and 2 respectively are constituted by strain gauges arranged in a measuring bridge. These gauges are connected to a measuring amplifier of the MGT 31 R type from the SCHENK Company. At the output of the MGT 31 R conditioners, a voltage proportional to the mass of the lifted load is obtained. This voltage obtained for each of the load cells is applied to one of the two input terminals of the measurement electronics shown in Figures 3 and 4.

Le signal représentatif de la masse supportée par la première cellule de pesée est reçu par la borne d'entrée 1 et le signal représentatif de la masse supportée par la seconde cellule de pesée, par la borne 2 de l'électronique de commande. Ces signaux sont traités dans un filtre passe-haut CI 1 qui ne transmet en sortie que les variations rapides du signal représentatif de la masse supportée par les cellules de pesée. Pendant tout le fonctionnement normal du treuil, y compris les phases de prise ou de dépose rapide d'une charge ou les variations d'allure de fonctionnement des treuils, la sortie du filtre passe-haut est un signal constant qui est transmis à une entrée d'un comparateur CI 3.The signal representative of the mass supported by the first weighing cell is received by the input terminal 1 and the signal representative of the mass supported by the second load cell, by terminal 2 of the control electronics. These signals are processed in a high-pass filter CI 1 which only outputs rapid variations of the signal representative of the mass supported by the load cells. During all normal winch operation, including the phases of picking up or depositing a load or variations in the operating speed of the winches, the output of the high pass filter is a constant signal which is transmitted to an input. of a CI comparator 3.

Les signaux des cellules de pesée sont également traités dans un filtre passe-bas CI 2 qui transmet en sortie un signal de tension négatif représentatif d'un certain pourcentage de la masse prise en charge par l'appareil de levage. On a choisi les résistances R3 et R4 pour obtenir une tension en sortie du filtre passe-bas représentant 80 % de la charge dont on assure le levage. Cette tension sert de tension de référence sur le comparateur. Cette tension de référence ne traduit: les variations de la charge qu'avec un retard de plusieurs secondes, si bien que la référence reste constante lors d'une variation très rapide de la charge telle que celle accompagnant la rupture d'un des brins de la chaine. La comparaison se fera donc entre la tension représentative de la valeur instantanée de la masse supportée et la tension de référence représentative d'une valeur égale à 80 % de la masse prise en charge.The load cell signals are also processed in a low-pass filter CI 2 which outputs a negative voltage signal representative of a certain percentage of the mass supported by the lifting device. Resistors R3 and R4 were chosen to obtain a voltage at the output of the low-pass filter representing 80% of the load which is being lifted. This voltage serves as the reference voltage on the comparator. This reference voltage only translates: variations in the load with a delay of several seconds, so that the reference remains constant during a very rapid variation of the load such as that accompanying the rupture of one of the strands of chain. The comparison will therefore be made between the voltage representative of the instantaneous value of the supported mass and the reference voltage representative of a value equal to 80% of the supported mass.

Dans le cas de la rupture d'un des brins de la chaine, la cellule de pesée correspondante enregistre une diminution très brusque de la masse supportée qui se traduit par une variation du signal de tension en sortie du filtre passe-haut. La tension de référence restant constante, le comparateur fournit une impulsion qui permet de faire basculer un bistable qui à son tour provoque la coupure d'alimentation de l'électro-aimant 55 monté sur la moufle. Ceci provoque le déplacement du dispositif d'actionnement 50 des galets de blocage, ceux-ci étant repoussés par les ressorts dans l'espace en forme de coin à l'intérieur de la jante de la poulie de la moufle. Sur la figure 4, on a représenté un ensemble de commande comportant deux électro-aimants 55 associés chacun à une partie (50a ou 50b) d'un dispositif d'actionnement en deux parties 50.In the case of the breaking of one of the strands of the chain, the corresponding weighing cell registers a very abrupt reduction in the supported mass which results in a variation of the voltage signal at the output of the high-pass filter. The reference voltage remaining constant, the comparator provides a pulse which makes it possible to tilt a bistable which in turn causes the power supply to the electromagnet 55 mounted on the muffle to be cut off. This causes the movement of the actuating device 50 of the locking rollers, these being pushed back by the springs into the wedge-shaped space inside the rim of the block of the block. FIG. 4 shows a control assembly comprising two electromagnets 55 each associated with a part (50a or 50b) of a two-part actuation device 50.

Dans le cas d'un appareil de levage utilisé dans une centrale nucléaire à neutrons rapides, on a pu réaliser un blocage de la poulie de la moufle en un temps voisin de 60 millisecondes. Pendant ce très faible laps de temps, la charge ne peut retomber que sur une hauteur extrêmement faible et pratiquement négligeable si bien qu'on évite tout phénomène de choc sur la charge ou sur les chaines.In the case of a lifting device used in a fast neutron nuclear power plant, it was possible to block the block of the muffle in a time close to 60 milliseconds. During this very short period of time, the load can only fall on an extremely low and practically negligible height so that any phenomenon of shock on the load or on the chains.

D'autre part, dans le cas d'une variation de faible amplitude ou d'une variation lente de la masse supportée par les cellules de pesée, par exemple au moment de la dépose ou de la prise de la charge, ou encore au moment de variation d'allure des treuils ou en cas d'accrochage de la charge lors de sa montée ou de sa descente, on ne déclenche pas le dispositif de sécurité puisque la référence constamment prise en compte par l'électronique de commande et représentative de la masse prise en charge, est sensiblement inférieure à cette masse et ne subit pas de variation notable lors d'une variation rapide de la charge.On the other hand, in the case of a variation of small amplitude or of a slow variation of the mass supported by the load cells, for example at the time of the deposition or the taking of the load, or even at the time variation in winch speed or in the event that the load is hooked when it goes up or down, the safety device is not triggered since the reference constantly taken into account by the control electronics and representative of the supported mass, is appreciably less than this mass and does not undergo a notable variation during a rapid variation of the load.

Le dispositif peut donc fonctionner avec des charges différentes et sans risque de blocage au moment du démarrage ou de l'arrêt de l'appareil de levage.The device can therefore operate with different loads and without risk of blockage when starting or stopping the lifting device.

Le dispositif de sécurité suivant l'invention est donc très fiable puisqu'il permet l'arrêt par blocage de la poulie de la moufle à chaque fois qu'une variation de la charge correspondant à une rupture de la chaine est enregistrée. Ce dispositif réagit très rapidement, ses performances n'étant limitées que par le temps de déplacement des parties mobiles telles que le noyau de l'électro-aimant, le moyen d'actionnement et les galets. Ce temps de réaction peut être diminué soit en augmentant l'entrefer de l'électro aimant soit en réduisant les masses ou bien encore en réduisant les jeux entre les galets et la poulie du moufle.The safety device according to the invention is therefore very reliable since it allows the blocking of the block of the block to be stopped each time a variation in the load corresponding to a break in the chain is recorded. This device reacts very quickly, its performance being limited only by the travel time of the moving parts such as the core of the electromagnet, the actuation means and the rollers. This reaction time can be reduced either by increasing the air gap of the electromagnet or by reducing the masses or even by reducing the clearances between the rollers and the pulley of the block.

D'autre part, le dispositif suivant l'invention présente l'avantage de ne pas entraîner un déclenchement du moyen de blocage pour des variations de plus faible amplitude ou .à plus faible vitesse que celles qui correspondent à une rupture d'un des brins de la chaine. On évite ainsi de déclencher le système de sécurité de façon intempestive.On the other hand, the device according to the invention has the advantage of not triggering the locking means for variations of lower amplitude or at lower speed than those which correspond to a break in one of the strands. chain. This avoids inadvertently triggering the security system.

L'invention ne se limite pas au mode de réalisation qui vient d'être décrit ; elle en comporte au contraire toutes les variantes.The invention is not limited to the embodiment which has just been described; on the contrary, it includes all variants.

C'est ainsi qu'au lieu de galets on peut utiliser des billes ou d'autres éléments de blocage de la poulie de la moufle, qu'on peut disposer ces éléments de blocage d'une façon différente, par exemple au voisinage de la surface extérieure de la poulie ou au contraire au voisinage de son axe.Thus, instead of rollers, balls or other blocking elements of the block of the block can be used, so that these blocking elements can be arranged in a different way, for example in the vicinity of the outer surface of the pulley or on the contrary in the vicinity of its axis.

On peut également imaginer l'utilisation d'un dispositif d'actionnement des éléments de blocage différent d'un bras déplacé par un électro-aimant.One can also imagine the use of an actuating device for the locking elements different from an arm moved by an electromagnet.

On peut également imaginer un ensemble de commande comportant des moyens électroniques différents de ceux qui ont été décrits. En particulier, on peut définir le signal de référence de la charge d'une façon différente de celle qui a été décrite et même choisir une référence fixe bien que cette solution soit moins satisfaisante que la solution décrite.One can also imagine a control assembly comprising electronic means different from those which have been described. In particular To link, one can define the reference signal of the load in a different way from that which has been described and even choose a fixed reference although this solution is less satisfactory than the described solution.

On peut également imaginer un ensemble de commande comportant un seul capteur de charge disposé sous un support commun aux deux treuils du dispositif de levage.One can also imagine a control assembly comprising a single load sensor placed under a support common to the two winches of the lifting device.

L'invention s'applique non seulement à un appareil de levage comportant deux treuils mais encore à un appareil de levage comportant un seul treuil, le second brin de la chaine étant relié par exemple à un point fixe qui constitue le moyen de reprise de la charge sur le deuxième brin de la chaine par l'intermédiaire d'un capteur de charge. Dans ce cas, on ne pourra poursuivre le mouvement du treuil pour déposer la charge, après rupture d'un des brins, que si le brin rompu est celui reliant la moufle au point fixe. Si l'autre brin de la chaine est rompu la charge est simplement arrêtée dans sa chute mais ne peut être déposée par l'appareil de levage. On prévoit de toute façon un amortisseur entre la chaine et le point fixe pour absorber l'énergie au moment du blocage de la charge.The invention applies not only to a lifting device comprising two winches but also to a lifting device comprising a single winch, the second strand of the chain being connected for example to a fixed point which constitutes the means for taking up the load on the second strand of the chain via a load sensor. In this case, we can not continue the movement of the winch to deposit the load, after rupture of one of the strands, if the broken strand is the one connecting the block to the fixed point. If the other part of the chain is broken, the load is simply stopped in its fall but cannot be deposited by the lifting device. Anyway, a damper is provided between the chain and the fixed point to absorb the energy when the load is blocked.

Enfin, le dispositif de sécurité suivant l'invention s'applique dans le cas de tout appareil de levage comportant des treuils à chaine utilisé dans le domaine nucléaire ou dans une autre industrie.Finally, the safety device according to the invention applies in the case of any lifting device comprising chain winches used in the nuclear field or in another industry.

Claims (9)

1.- Dispositif de sécurité d'un appareil de levage d'une charge comportant au moins un treuil (1, 2) dont la poulie est une poulie à chaine, une chaine de levage (18 ) renvoyée à la partie inférieure de son parcours par une seconde poulie à chaine (24) montée rotative autour d'un axe horizontal dans le corps d'une moufle (21) sur laquelle est accrochée la charge (20) et un moyen de reprise (3) du brin vertical de la chaine (18) opposé au brin joignant le treuil (1) à la seconde poulie (24), caractérisé par le fait qu'il comporte, porté par le corps de la moufle (21), au moins un moyen de blocage de la seconde poulie (24) par rapport au corps de la moufle (21) mobile entre une position hors service, la poulie (24) étant alors libre de tourner dans le corps de la moufle (21) pour le déplacement de la charge (20), et une position de service où la poulie (24) est bloquée en rotation dans la moufle (21), grâce à un ensemble de commande comprenant au moins un capteur de charge (15-16) sur lequel s'applique le poids de la charge (20) en marche normale du treuil (1) par l'intermédiaire des brins (18a, 18b) de la chaine (18) et qui est libéré de cette charge (20) en cas de rupture de l'un des brins de la chaine (18), l'ensemble de commande ne déclenchant le blocage de la poulie (24) de la moufle (19) que pour une libération de la charge (20) correspondant effectivement à une rupture d'un des brins de la chaine (18), la charge étant alors accrochée au brin restant (18a ou 18b).1.- Safety device for a load lifting device comprising at least one winch (1, 2), the pulley of which is a chain pulley, a lifting chain (18) returned to the lower part of its path by a second chain pulley (24) rotatably mounted about a horizontal axis in the body of a block (21) on which the load (20) is hung and a means of recovery (3) of the vertical strand of the chain (18) opposite the strand joining the winch (1) to the second pulley (24), characterized in that it comprises, carried by the body of the block (21), at least one means for blocking the second pulley (24) relative to the body of the block (21) movable between an out-of-service position, the pulley (24) then being free to rotate in the body of the block (21) for the displacement of the load (20), and a service position where the pulley (24) is locked in rotation in the block (21), thanks to a control assembly comprising at least one load sensor (15-16) on the which applies the weight of the load (20) in normal operation of the winch (1) via the strands (18a, 18b) of the chain (18) and which is released from this load (20) in the event of rupture of one of the strands of the chain (18), the control assembly triggering the blocking of the pulley (24) of the block (19) only for a release of the load (20) actually corresponding to a rupture one of the strands of the chain (18), the load then being attached to the remaining strand (18a or 18b). 2.- Dispositif de sécurité suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que le moyen de blocage (30) est constitué par au moins un galet de coincement disposé dans un logement (28) d'un support (26) solidaire du corps de la moufle (21), à l'intérieur de la poulie (24), le galet (30) étant poussé vers la surface interne de la poulie (24) par un ressort (31) et l'ensemble de commande du moyen de blocage comportant un bras articulé (32) associé à au moins un électro-aimant (35) maintenant le galet (30) en position de retrait par rapport à la surface interne de la poulie (24), quand l'électro-aimant (35) est alimenté.2. A safety device according to claim 1, characterized in that the locking means (30) consists of at least one wedging roller disposed in a housing (28) of a support (26) integral with the body of the block (21), inside the pulley (24), the roller (30) being pushed towards the internal surface of the pulley (24) by a spring (31) and the assembly for controlling the locking means comprising an articulated arm (32) associated with at least one electromagnet (35) holding the roller (30) in the withdrawn position relative to the internal surface of the pulley (24), when the electromagnet (35) is powered. 3.- Dispositif de sécurité suivant la revendication 2, caractérisé par le fait que le moyen de blocage comporte au moins deux galets de coincement (30a, 30b) disposés dans des logements (28a, 28b) du support (26) orientés en sens inverse par rapport au sens de rotation de la poulie (24) et poussés en sens inverse vers la surface interne de la poulie (24).3. A safety device according to claim 2, characterized in that the locking means comprises at least two wedging rollers (30a, 30b) arranged in housings (28a, 28b) of the support (26) oriented in opposite directions relative to the direction of rotation of the pulley (24) and pushed in the opposite direction towards the internal surface of the pulley (24). 4.- Dispositif de sécurité suivant la revendication 3, caractérisé par le taie que le moyen ae Diocage comporte deux ensembles ae quatre galets de coincement (52) disposés dans des logements (49) orientés en sens inverse pour l'un et pour l'autre ensemble de galets (52), régulièrement espacés à la périphérie de la poulie (24).4. A safety device according to claim 3, characterized by the pillowcase that the Diocage means comprises two sets of four wedging rollers (52) arranged in housings (49) oriented in opposite directions for one and for the other set of rollers (52), regularly spaced apart the periphery of the pulley (24). 5.- Dispositif de sécurité suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1, 2, 3 et 4, caractérisé par le fait qu'il comporte deux capteurs de charge (15, 16) placés chacun entre le support (5 ou 6) d'un treuil (1 ou 2) sur lequel passe l'un des brins (18a ou 18b) de la chaine (18) et une surface d'appui (10) sur laquelle reposent les supports (5, 6) des treuils (1, 2).5. A safety device according to any one of claims 1, 2, 3 and 4, characterized in that it comprises two load sensors (15, 16) each placed between the support (5 or 6) of a winch (1 or 2) on which one of the strands (18a or 18b) of the chain (18) passes and a bearing surface (10) on which the supports (5, 6) of the winches (1, 2). 6.- Dispositif de sécurité suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1, 2, 3 et 4, caractérisé par le fait que l'un des capteurs de charge (15 ou 16) est placé entre le support (5, 6) d'un treuil (1 ou 2) et une surface d'appui (10) et l'autre capteur de charge entre l'extrémité d'un des brins de la chaine (18) et un point fixe.6. A safety device according to any one of claims 1, 2, 3 and 4, characterized in that one of the load sensors (15 or 16) is placed between the support (5, 6) of a winch (1 or 2) and a bearing surface (10) and the other load sensor between the end of one of the strands of the chain (18) and a fixed point. 7.- Dispositif de sécurité suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1, 2, 3 et 4, caractérisé par le fait qu'il comporte un seul capteur de charge intercalé entre un support commun à deux treuils (1, 2) et une surface d'appui (10).7. A safety device according to any one of claims 1, 2, 3 and 4, characterized in that it comprises a single load sensor interposed between a support common to two winches (1, 2) and a surface support (10). 8.- Dispositif de sécurité suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 5, 6 et 7, caractérisé par le fait que le ou les treuils sont montés sur la surface d'appui (10) avec interposition d'un amortisseur (13 ou 14).8. A safety device according to any one of claims 5, 6 and 7, characterized in that the winch or winches are mounted on the bearing surface (10) with the interposition of a shock absorber (13 or 14) . 9.- Dispositif de sécurité suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé par le fait que l'ensemble de commande comporte des moyens pour élaborer des signaux électriques proportionnels aux charges mesurées par les capteurs de charge (15, 16), un moyen de filtrage du signal ne laissant passer que les variations rapides de ce signal, un moyen de filtrage élaborant un signal représentatif d'une charge inférieure à la charge suspendue à la moufle non soumis aux variations rapides de cette charge et un comparateur susceptible d'émettre une impulsion dans le cas où le premier signal connaît une variation brusque le rendant inférieur au second signal, pour la commande du moyen de blocage de la poulie (24).9. A safety device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the control assembly includes means for developing electrical signals proportional to the loads measured by the load sensors (15, 16), a signal filtering means allowing only the rapid variations of this signal to pass, a filtering means generating a signal representative of a load lower than the load suspended from the muffle not subjected to rapid variations of this load and a comparator capable of 'emitting a pulse in the case where the first signal experiences an abrupt variation making it inferior to the second signal, for the control of the blocking means of the pulley (24).
EP85400486A 1984-03-16 1985-03-13 Safety device for load-hoisting equipment Expired EP0155217B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT85400486T ATE29867T1 (en) 1984-03-16 1985-03-13 SAFETY DEVICE FOR LIFTING A LOAD.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8404054A FR2561226B1 (en) 1984-03-16 1984-03-16 SAFETY DEVICE OF A LOAD LIFTING APPARATUS
FR8404054 1984-03-16

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0155217A1 true EP0155217A1 (en) 1985-09-18
EP0155217B1 EP0155217B1 (en) 1987-09-23

Family

ID=9302097

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85400486A Expired EP0155217B1 (en) 1984-03-16 1985-03-13 Safety device for load-hoisting equipment

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0155217B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE29867T1 (en)
DE (1) DE3560671D1 (en)
FR (1) FR2561226B1 (en)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2717873A1 (en) * 1994-03-18 1995-09-29 Peter E Galloway Automatic ratchet pulley.
EP0686595A1 (en) * 1994-05-30 1995-12-13 Emilio Sierra Escudero Safety system for hoist apparatus
WO2002057176A1 (en) * 2001-01-18 2002-07-25 Plumettaz Sa Emergency braking and shock absorbing device for a lift or suspended load
WO2005054604A1 (en) * 2003-11-27 2005-06-16 Ulma C Y E, S. Coop. Rigging system for formwork, scaffolding or moving loads in general
US7437782B1 (en) * 2006-01-06 2008-10-21 Joerns Healthcare Inc. Load sensing safety device for vertical lift
CN114180453A (en) * 2022-02-17 2022-03-15 河南工学院 Novel anti-tipping mechanism of crane

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115367646B (en) * 2022-07-08 2024-05-10 江苏核电有限公司 Main lifting driving device of loading and unloading machine for nuclear power station

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2780318A (en) * 1955-10-11 1957-02-05 Roy A Owens Safety block
FR2359780A1 (en) * 1976-07-28 1978-02-24 Lorraine Laminage Controlling pick up of molten metal ladle - in which dynamometers on lifting cables compare loads with reference to sound alarm if incorrect
GB2110633A (en) * 1981-11-23 1983-06-22 Acushnet Co Cable drum safety device

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2780318A (en) * 1955-10-11 1957-02-05 Roy A Owens Safety block
FR2359780A1 (en) * 1976-07-28 1978-02-24 Lorraine Laminage Controlling pick up of molten metal ladle - in which dynamometers on lifting cables compare loads with reference to sound alarm if incorrect
GB2110633A (en) * 1981-11-23 1983-06-22 Acushnet Co Cable drum safety device

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2717873A1 (en) * 1994-03-18 1995-09-29 Peter E Galloway Automatic ratchet pulley.
EP0686595A1 (en) * 1994-05-30 1995-12-13 Emilio Sierra Escudero Safety system for hoist apparatus
US5735507A (en) * 1994-05-30 1998-04-07 Ganchos De Seguridad, S.L. Safety system for hoist apparatus
ES2116153A1 (en) * 1994-05-30 1998-07-01 Ganchos De Seguridad S L Safety system for hoist apparatus
WO2002057176A1 (en) * 2001-01-18 2002-07-25 Plumettaz Sa Emergency braking and shock absorbing device for a lift or suspended load
US6942070B2 (en) 2001-01-18 2005-09-13 Plumettaz Sa Emergency braking and shock absorbing device for a lift or suspended load
WO2005054604A1 (en) * 2003-11-27 2005-06-16 Ulma C Y E, S. Coop. Rigging system for formwork, scaffolding or moving loads in general
US7513480B2 (en) 2003-11-27 2009-04-07 Ulma C Y E, S. Coop Climbing system for shuttering, scaffolding and loads in general
US7437782B1 (en) * 2006-01-06 2008-10-21 Joerns Healthcare Inc. Load sensing safety device for vertical lift
CN114180453A (en) * 2022-02-17 2022-03-15 河南工学院 Novel anti-tipping mechanism of crane

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE29867T1 (en) 1987-10-15
FR2561226A1 (en) 1985-09-20
EP0155217B1 (en) 1987-09-23
DE3560671D1 (en) 1987-10-29
FR2561226B1 (en) 1986-10-31

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP0155217B1 (en) Safety device for load-hoisting equipment
EP3752445B1 (en) Locking cam for a load hook, and attachment device comprising such a cam
EP1862423B1 (en) Hoisting device with safety nut
EP0369133A1 (en) Device for the transfer and orientation of parcels of flat objects
CA2470266A1 (en) System for raising and stabilizing a suspended load support
EP1351878A1 (en) Emergency braking and shock absorbing device for a lift or suspended load
EP1488070B1 (en) Safety device and mechanism comprising one such device, used to manoeuvre a closing or sun protection installation
FR2476407A1 (en) CENTERING DEVICE OF A ROTOR
EP3752444B1 (en) Load-bearing device for a lifting apparatus
EP3645393B1 (en) Device for securing at least one sling for transporting a load
EP0020225A1 (en) Safety release device for a transportable load suspended by an aircraft
EP0117862B1 (en) Lifting device, in particular a working-platform
FR2641380A1 (en) DEVICE FOR MEASURING THE RADIOACTIVITY OF AN OCEAN LOAD ON AN EXTRACTION EQUIPMENT SUCH AS A BUCKET SHOVEL
EP1844210B1 (en) Device for braking the rotation of a drive shaft of the leaf of a high-speed door
FR2463640A3 (en) Conical crusher discharge regulator - uses permanent magnets on head and fixed pick=up coils to measure eccentricity of head motion
FR2714041A1 (en) Lift apparatus.
EP0088168B1 (en) Safety device for the load-engaging mechanism of nuclear combustion elements
CH650456A5 (en) CABLE TRANSPORT DEVICE.
FR2495814A1 (en) Drive unit for control rods in nuclear reactor - where rods can be dropped into reactor core if emergency occurs, and be locked in the core even if the reactor is in capsized ship
FR2527155A1 (en) Trolley for use on stairs - has feeler which controls pawl braking on carrying wheels
EP0677476A1 (en) Device for transferring and handling elongated articles
FR2748265A1 (en) Pulley block for supporting and handling loads
WO2006032766A1 (en) Method of controlling the operation of a high-speed door
EP0090981A2 (en) Transport and storage device for bulk materials
EP2602601B1 (en) System for monitoring a drive train

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE GB IT LI LU NL SE

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19850808

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19860524

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE GB IT LI LU NL SE

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 29867

Country of ref document: AT

Date of ref document: 19871015

Kind code of ref document: T

ITF It: translation for a ep patent filed

Owner name: JACOBACCI & PERANI S.P.A.

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 3560671

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19871029

GBT Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977)
PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19880331

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed
PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LI

Effective date: 19890331

Ref country code: CH

Effective date: 19890331

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

ITPR It: changes in ownership of a european patent

Owner name: FUSIONI;FRAMATOME

NLS Nl: assignments of ep-patents

Owner name: FRAMATOME TE COURBEVOIE, FRANKRIJK.

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: 732

ITTA It: last paid annual fee
PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AT

Payment date: 19940221

Year of fee payment: 10

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Payment date: 19940317

Year of fee payment: 10

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Payment date: 19940331

Year of fee payment: 10

EAL Se: european patent in force in sweden

Ref document number: 85400486.8

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AT

Effective date: 19950313

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Effective date: 19950314

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Effective date: 19951001

NLV4 Nl: lapsed or anulled due to non-payment of the annual fee

Effective date: 19951001

EUG Se: european patent has lapsed

Ref document number: 85400486.8

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 19970225

Year of fee payment: 13

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 19970226

Year of fee payment: 13

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Payment date: 19970317

Year of fee payment: 13

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19980313

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19980331

BERE Be: lapsed

Owner name: FRAMATOME

Effective date: 19980331

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 19980313

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19981201