EP0148062A2 - Refrigeration plant producing cold and heat - Google Patents

Refrigeration plant producing cold and heat Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0148062A2
EP0148062A2 EP84402522A EP84402522A EP0148062A2 EP 0148062 A2 EP0148062 A2 EP 0148062A2 EP 84402522 A EP84402522 A EP 84402522A EP 84402522 A EP84402522 A EP 84402522A EP 0148062 A2 EP0148062 A2 EP 0148062A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cold
condensers
heat
heated
refrigerated
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP84402522A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0148062A3 (en
Inventor
Adrien Laude-Bousquet
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Bonnet SA
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Bonnet SA
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bonnet SA filed Critical Bonnet SA
Publication of EP0148062A2 publication Critical patent/EP0148062A2/en
Publication of EP0148062A3 publication Critical patent/EP0148062A3/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B29/00—Combined heating and refrigeration systems, e.g. operating alternately or simultaneously
    • F25B29/003—Combined heating and refrigeration systems, e.g. operating alternately or simultaneously of the compression type system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B5/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several evaporator circuits, e.g. for varying refrigerating capacity
    • F25B5/02—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several evaporator circuits, e.g. for varying refrigerating capacity arranged in parallel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B6/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several condenser circuits
    • F25B6/02—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several condenser circuits arranged in parallel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/07—Details of compressors or related parts
    • F25B2400/075—Details of compressors or related parts with parallel compressors

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a refrigeration installation producing cold and heat.
  • a refrigeration plant producing cold and heat works to give in summer for example cold to the products and the premises to be refrigerated, and in winter for example cold and hot simultaneously to maintain in respective temperatures the products and the rooms to be refrigerated and products and premises to be heated.
  • the present invention aiming to minimize these drawbacks, makes it possible to produce an economic refrigeration installation which, having a given power of compressor units determined to satisfy the maximum predetermined needs in cold, can compared to a known installation provided with the same power of compressors better meet the maximum simultaneous needs in cold and in heat.
  • the installation operates constantly at its optimum power.
  • a refrigeration installation producing cold and heat, respectively for cold stations, rooms to be refrigerated and heated having one or more motor-compressors in parallel, condensers in parallel, evaporators in parallel and a tank for liquid refrigerant, is characterized in that, to better meet the demand for cold and hot demand, it transports heat from the cold stations and / or rooms to be refrigerated, and transfers it to the external atmosphere during '' a request for cold alone, and it recovers heat from both the cold stations and / or rooms to be refrigerated, and from the outside atmosphere, and transports it to the rooms to be heated, during a simultaneous demand for cold and heat respectively for these cold stations and rooms to be refrigerated and heated.
  • a known refrigeration installation 1 schematically illustrated in FIG. 1, for producing both cold in furniture or cold stations 2 and / or rooms to be refrigerated 3, and heat in rooms to be heated 4, usually comprises one or more several motor-compressors in parallel 5, one or more evaporators in parallel 6, two or more condensers 7, 8 in parallel of which at least one 8 is mounted, exposed to the external atmosphere and the other 7 or others are installed at the inside the premises to be heated 4, two valves 9 and 10 arranged upstream of these condensers 7, 8 for direct the refrigerant vapor, compressed by the motor compressors 5, either to the condensers 8 exposed to the outside atmosphere or to the condensers 7 arranged in the premises to be heated, two non-return valves 11, 12 mounted downstream of these condensers 7 , 8 to prevent the return of the liquid refrigerant, and possibly a refrigerant tank 13.
  • the coolant coming from the reservoir 13 passes through a regulator (not shown) and expands in the evaporator (s) 6 to produce cold in the cold stations 2 or the premises to be refrigerated 3.
  • the motor-compressors 5 draw the vapor of expanded refrigerant in the evaporators 6, compress it and discharge it either through the valve 9 in the condensers 8 exposed to the external atmosphere, during the summer period or period when no space heating is required. 'is requested, the valve 10 being closed, or through the valve 10 in the condensers 7 arranged in the premises to be heated 4 when heating is required, the valve 9 being closed.
  • the installation 5 When the power of the compressors 5 is determined to satisfy the predetermined maximum heat requirements in the rooms to be heated 4, it turns out that when no heating needs are requested in the rooms 4, for example during the summer period, the installation 5 only operates with a small fraction of their power to correctly meet the maximum cooling needs alone in the cold stations 2 and / or rooms to be refrigerated 3.
  • the refrigeration installation 14 in order to better meet the demanded requirements for cold and heating with a given power of compressors determined to satisfy the maximum predetermined cooling requirements, the refrigeration installation 14, during a cold request alone for its cooling stations. cold where products to be cooled and / or for its premises to be refrigerated are stored, transports the heat there and transfers it to the outside atmosphere and during a maximum simultaneous cold request for its cold stations and / or rooms to be refrigerated and hot for its premises to be heated recovers heat found both in these cold and / or local stations to be refrigerated and in the outside atmosphere, and transports it to these rooms to be heated.
  • the refrigeration system -4 can thus better meet both the maximum predefined needs - cold in its cold rooms and / or rooms to be refrigerated - and the maximum predetermined needs for hot in its rooms to be heated, thanks to recovery of heat in the outer atrosphere which makes it possible to supplement that in its stations this cold and / or rooms to be refrigerated.
  • the installation 14, for producing cold in mables or cold stations 15 and / or rooms to be refrigerated 16 and hot in rooms to be heated 17, comprises in its refrigeration circuit a or several motor compressors 18 in parallel, one or more evaporators 19 in parallel, two or more condensers 20E 21, 22 in parallel of which at least one 20 is mounted, exposed to the external atmosphere 36, and the other 21 or others, 22 are installed inside the premises to be heated 17, two solenoid valves 23, 24 dispersed on the outlet of the common delivery manifold 32 of the motor compressors 18 and upstream of these condensers to direct the refrigerant vapor compressed by the motor compressors, either to the condenser or group of condensers 20 exposed to the external atmosphere 36 either towards the conden sor or group of condensers 21, 22 installed in the premises to be heated 17, two non-return valves 25, 26 mounted downstream of the condenser or group of condensers 20 exposed to the external atmosphere 36, and of the condenser or group
  • the refrigeration installation 14 comprises a solenoid valve 30 and a detector-regulator of known type mounted in series which connect the outlet 29 of the liquid refrigerant tank 27 and the outlet 37 of the condenser or group of condensers 20 exposed to the external atmosphere 36, upstream of the non-return valve 25.
  • the refrigeration installation 14 takes a downstream piloted solenoid valve 33 of known type which connects the inlet 34 of the condenser or group of condensers 20 exposed to the external atmosphere 36, to the common suction manifold 35 motor compressors 18.
  • the elec - n-ovannes 24, 30, 33 are closed, and the solenoid valve 23 is opened to let the refrigerant vapor compressed by the motor compressors 18 pass into the condenser or group of condensers 20, exposed to the external atmosphere 36, then through the non-return valve 25, into the liquid refrigerant tank coming from the tank 27, crosses the regulators not shown and expands in the evaporators 19 to produce cold in these cold stations 15 and / or premises to be refrigerated 16 in other words to recover heat there and transform into vapor.
  • the refractory manager vapor leaving these evaporators 19 is sucked through a common collector 35, by the motor compressors 18 which compress it and discharge it through the solenoid valve 23 into the condenser or group of condensers 20 exposed to the external atmosphere. 36.
  • the compressed refrigerant vapor gives up heat there before passing through the valve 25 and entering the reservoir 27 and starting a new operating cycle.
  • the refrigerant recovers heat in the cold stations 15 and / or rooms to be refrigerated 16, transports it into the condenser or group of condensers 20 exposed to the external atmosphere 36 and gives off heat.
  • the installation 14 thus responds efficiently and correctly to the cold requirements requested.
  • the solenoid valve 23 is closed and the solenoid valves 24, 30, 33 are open .
  • the refrigerant vapor compressed by the motor compressors 18 and discharged through the solenoid valve 24, in the condensers 21, 22 installed in the premises to be heated 17 yields heat therein to meet the maximum heat requirements required before passing through the non-return valve 26 in the liquid refrigerant tank 27.
  • the liquid refrigerant leaving the tank 27 is divided into two parts, one passes through the regulators not shown, expands in the evaporators 19 and recovers heat being in the cold stations 15 and / or rooms to be refrigerated 16, in other words produces cold there to meet the maximum demand for cold demand, the other passes through the solenoid valve 30 and the regulator regulator 31, expands in the condenser or group of condensers 20 exposed to the external atmosphere 36 which then operates in evaporators, and recovers heat being in the external atmosphere 36.
  • the refrigerant recovers heat both in the cold stations 15 and / or rooms to be refrigerated 16 and in the outside atmosphere 36, and transports it to the rooms to be heated 17.
  • the refrigeration installation 14 produced according to the invention can, thanks to additional heat recovery in the external atmosphere 36 respond correctly to the times the maximum demand for cold in the cold stations 15 and / or rooms to be refrigerated 16 and the maximum demand for hot in the rooms to be heated 17.
  • the downstream piloted solenoid valve 33 which closes at a pressure downstream, greater than a chosen or predetermined value of evaporation pressure of the refrigerant in the common suction manifold 35 of the motor-compressors 18, and opens at a downstream pressure, lower than this chosen or predetermined value of evaporation pressure of the refrigerant, allows, through good regulation of the evaporation pressure of the refrigerant at the inlet of the motor-compressors 18 to obtain an operation of the installation in a constant manner at its optimum power to correctly respond to the maximum cold and hot requirements.
  • the refrigeration installation 14 can be controlled by control systems of known types either fully automatically or semi-automatically.
  • the refrigeration installation 14 described above although it has a simple structure, proves to be efficient and excellently economical in the production of cold and heat, the frcid being intended to ensure the preservation of the products in the cold stations 15 and / or the temperature resistance of the premises to be refrigerated 16, and the hot contributing to ensuring the maintenance of temperatures of the premises to be heated 17 and of the products which are stored there.

Abstract

The refrigeration plant (14), which responds better to the respective cold and hot requirements of cold stations (15) of the premises to be refrigerated (16) and to be heated (17), and has one or more motor-compressor sets in parallel (18) of a power determined to satisfy the maximum cold requirements, a number of condensers in parallel (20, 21, 22) and evaporators in parallel (19), transports the heat which is situated in these cold stations (15) and/or premises to be refrigerated (16) and yields it to the external atmosphere (36) when there is a demand for cold only, and recovers the heat which is situated at the same time in these cold stations (15) and/or premises to be refrigerated (16) and in the external atmosphere (36) when there is a simultaneous and maximum demand for cold and heat. <IMAGE>

Description

La présente invention concerne une installation frigorifique produisant du froid et du chaud.The present invention relates to a refrigeration installation producing cold and heat.

Une installation frigorifique produisant du froid et du chaud fonctionne pour donner en été par exemple du froid aux produits et aux locaux à réfrigérer, et en hiver par exemple du froid et du chaud simultanément pour maintenir en températures respectives les produits et les locaux à réfrigérer et les produits et les locaux à chauffer.A refrigeration plant producing cold and heat works to give in summer for example cold to the products and the premises to be refrigerated, and in winter for example cold and hot simultaneously to maintain in respective temperatures the products and the rooms to be refrigerated and products and premises to be heated.

Dans une installation frigor fique produisant du froid et du chaud connue qui fonctionne suivant une manière habituelle avec ses condenseurs et évaporateurs remplissant respectivement leur fonction normale propre quand la puissance de ses motocompresseurs est déterminée pour répondre aux besoins maximum donnés en froid pendant l'été par exemple, s'avère Incapable de satisfaire les besoins maximum prédéterminés en chaud, lors d'une demande simultanée maximale en froid et en chaud pendant l'hiver par exemple. Quand cette puissance de motocompresseurs est déterminée pour répondre aux besoins maximum prédéterminés en chaud, l'installation fonctionne désavantageusement avec une faible fraction de la puissance de ses motocompresseurs, lors d'une demande maximale en froid seul, pendant l'été par exemple.In a known cold and hot refrigeration installation which operates in a usual manner with its condensers and evaporators respectively fulfilling their normal normal function when the power of its motor-compressors is determined to meet the maximum requirements given in cold during the summer by example, proves to be incapable of satisfying the maximum predetermined heat requirements, during a maximum simultaneous demand for cold and heat during winter for example. When this power of compressors is determined to meet the maximum predetermined heating needs, the installation operates disadvantageously with a small fraction of the power of its compressors, during a maximum demand in cooling alone, during the summer for example.

La présente invention, visant à réduire au minimum ces inconvénients, permet de réaliser une installation frigorifique économique qui, ayant une puissance de motocompresseurs donnée déterminée pour satisfaire les besoins maximum prédéterminés en froid, peut par rapport à une installation connue pourvue d'une même puissance de motocompresseurs mieux répondre aux besoins simultanés maximum en froid et en chaud. Par ailleurs, l'installation fonctionne constamment à sa puissance optimale.The present invention, aiming to minimize these drawbacks, makes it possible to produce an economic refrigeration installation which, having a given power of compressor units determined to satisfy the maximum predetermined needs in cold, can compared to a known installation provided with the same power of compressors better meet the maximum simultaneous needs in cold and in heat. In addition, the installation operates constantly at its optimum power.

Selon l'invention, une installation frigorifique produisant du froid et du chaud, respectivement pour des postes de froid, des locaux à réfrigérer et à chauffer ayant un ou plusieurs motocompresseurs en parallèle, des condenseurs en parallèle, des évaporateurs en parallèle et un réservoir à réfrigérant liquide, est caractérisée en ce que, pour mieux répondre aux besoins en froid et en chaud demandés, elle transporte de la chaleur se trouvant dans les postes de froid et/ou locaux à réfrigérer, et la cède à l'atmosphère extérieure lors d'une demande de froid seul, et elle récupère de la chaleur se trouvant à la fois dans les postes de froid et/ou locaux à réfrigérer, et dans l'atmosphère extérieure, et la transporte dans les locaux à chauffer, lors d'une demande simultanée de froid et de chaud respectivement pour ces postes de froid et locaux à réfrigérer et à chauffer.According to the invention, a refrigeration installation producing cold and heat, respectively for cold stations, rooms to be refrigerated and heated having one or more motor-compressors in parallel, condensers in parallel, evaporators in parallel and a tank for liquid refrigerant, is characterized in that, to better meet the demand for cold and hot demand, it transports heat from the cold stations and / or rooms to be refrigerated, and transfers it to the external atmosphere during '' a request for cold alone, and it recovers heat from both the cold stations and / or rooms to be refrigerated, and from the outside atmosphere, and transports it to the rooms to be heated, during a simultaneous demand for cold and heat respectively for these cold stations and rooms to be refrigerated and heated.

Pour mieux faire comprendre l'invention, on décrit ci-après un certain nombre d'exemples de réalisation, illustrés par des dessins ci-annexés dont :

  • - la figure 1 représente un schéma du circuit frigorifique d'une installation frigorifique connue, et
  • - la figure 2 représente un schéma du circuit frigorifique d'une installation frigorifique réalisée selon l'invention.
To better understand the invention, a number of embodiments are described below, illustrated by the attached drawings, including:
  • FIG. 1 represents a diagram of the refrigeration circuit of a known refrigeration installation, and
  • - Figure 2 shows a diagram of the refrigeration circuit of a refrigeration installation produced according to the invention.

Une installation frigorifique connue 1 schématiquement illustrée dans la figure 1, pour produire à la fois du froid dans des meubles ou postes de froid 2 et/ou des locaux à réfrigérer 3, et du chaud dans des locaux à chauffer 4, comprend habituellement un ou plusieurs motocompresseurs en parallèle 5, un ou plusieurs évaporateurs en parallèle 6, deux ou plusieurs condenseurs 7, 8 en parallèle dont l'un 8 au moins est monté, exposé à l'atmosphère extérieure et le ou les autres 7 sont installés à l'intérieur des locaux à chauffer 4, deux vannes 9 et 10 disposées en amont de ces condenseurs 7, 8 pour diriger la vapeur de réfrigérant, comprimée par les motocompresseurs 5, soit vers les condenseurs 8 exposés à l'atmosphère extérieur soit vers les condenseurs 7 disposés dans les locaux à chauffer, deux clapets anti-retour 11, 12 montés en aval de ces condenseurs 7, 8 pour empêcher le retour du réfrigérant liquide, et éventuellement un réservoir à réfrigérant 13.A known refrigeration installation 1 schematically illustrated in FIG. 1, for producing both cold in furniture or cold stations 2 and / or rooms to be refrigerated 3, and heat in rooms to be heated 4, usually comprises one or more several motor-compressors in parallel 5, one or more evaporators in parallel 6, two or more condensers 7, 8 in parallel of which at least one 8 is mounted, exposed to the external atmosphere and the other 7 or others are installed at the inside the premises to be heated 4, two valves 9 and 10 arranged upstream of these condensers 7, 8 for direct the refrigerant vapor, compressed by the motor compressors 5, either to the condensers 8 exposed to the outside atmosphere or to the condensers 7 arranged in the premises to be heated, two non-return valves 11, 12 mounted downstream of these condensers 7 , 8 to prevent the return of the liquid refrigerant, and possibly a refrigerant tank 13.

Dans cette installation connue, selon un fonctionnement habituel, le liquide réfrigérant venant du réservoir 13 passe à travers un détendeur non représenté et se détend dans le ou les évaporateurs 6 pour produire du froid dans les postes de froid 2 ou les locaux à réfrigérer 3. Les motocompresseurs 5 aspirent la vapeur de réfrigérant détendu dans les évaporateurs 6, la compriment et la refoulent soit à travers la vanne 9 dans les condenseurs 8 exposés à l'atmosphère extérieure, pendant la période d'été ou période où aucun chauffage de locaux n'est demandé, la vanne 10 étant fermée, soit à travers la vanne 10 dans les condenseurs 7 disposés dans les locaux à chauffer 4 quand un chauffage y est requis, la vanne 9 étant fermée.In this known installation, according to usual operation, the coolant coming from the reservoir 13 passes through a regulator (not shown) and expands in the evaporator (s) 6 to produce cold in the cold stations 2 or the premises to be refrigerated 3. The motor-compressors 5 draw the vapor of expanded refrigerant in the evaporators 6, compress it and discharge it either through the valve 9 in the condensers 8 exposed to the external atmosphere, during the summer period or period when no space heating is required. 'is requested, the valve 10 being closed, or through the valve 10 in the condensers 7 arranged in the premises to be heated 4 when heating is required, the valve 9 being closed.

Une telle installation frigorifique connue ne donne pas entièrement satisfaction. En effet quand la puissance des motocompresseurs 5 est déterminée pour répondre aux besoins maximum donnés en froid des postes de froid 2 et/ou des locaux à réfrigérer 3, la production de chaud par l'installation dans les locaux à chauffer 4, lors d'une demande simultanée maximale de froid et de chaud, s'avère habituellement nettement insuffisante, et un chauffage d'appoint indépendant est nécessaire dans ces locaux 4 afin de compléter le chaud insuffisamment fourni par cette installation frigorifique 1, et de répondre correctement aux besoins prédéterminés en chaud dans ces locaux 4. Quand la puissance des motocompresseurs 5 est déterminée pour satisfaire les besoins maximum prédéterminés en chaud dans les locaux à chauffer 4, il s'avère que lorsqu'aucun besoin de chauffage n'est demandé dans les locaux 4, par exemple durant la période d'été, l'installation 5 ne fonctionne qu'avec une faible fraction de leur puissance pour répondre correctement aux besoins maximum en froid seul dans les postes de froid 2 et/ou les locaux à réfrigérer 3.Such a known refrigeration installation is not entirely satisfactory. When the power of the motor compressors 5 is determined to meet the maximum cooling requirements of the cold stations 2 and / or of the premises to be refrigerated 3, the production of heat by installation in the premises to be heated 4, during a maximum simultaneous demand for cold and heat, usually proves to be clearly insufficient, and an independent auxiliary heating is necessary in these premises 4 in order to supplement the heat insufficiently supplied by this refrigeration installation 1, and to respond correctly to the predetermined needs in heat in these rooms 4. When the power of the compressors 5 is determined to satisfy the predetermined maximum heat requirements in the rooms to be heated 4, it turns out that when no heating needs are requested in the rooms 4, for example during the summer period, the installation 5 only operates with a small fraction of their power to correctly meet the maximum cooling needs alone in the cold stations 2 and / or rooms to be refrigerated 3.

Par contre, une installation frigorifique 14 réalisée selon l'invention, et schématiquement illustrée dans la figure 2, permet de réduire au minimum les principaux inconvénients rappelés ci-dessus.On the other hand, a refrigeration installation 14 produced according to the invention, and diagrammatically illustrated in FIG. 2, makes it possible to minimize the main drawbacks mentioned above.

Selon une caractéristique importante, pour mieux répondre aux besoins demandés en froid et en chaud avec une puissance de motocompresseurs donnés déterminée pour satisfaire les besoins maximum prédéterminés en froid, l'installation frigorifique 14, lors d'une demande de froid seul pour ses postes de froid où sont entreposés des produits à refroidir et/ou pour ses locaux à réfrigérer, transporte de la chaleur qui s'y trouve et la cède à l'atmosphère extérieur et lors d'une demande simultanée maximale de froid pour ses postes de froid et/ou locaux à réfrigérer et de chaud pour ses locaux à chauffer récupère de la chaleur se trouvant à la fois dans ces postes de froid et/ou Iccaux à réfrigérer et dans l'atmosphère extérieure, et la transporte dans ces locaux à chauffer.According to an important characteristic, in order to better meet the demanded requirements for cold and heating with a given power of compressors determined to satisfy the maximum predetermined cooling requirements, the refrigeration installation 14, during a cold request alone for its cooling stations. cold where products to be cooled and / or for its premises to be refrigerated are stored, transports the heat there and transfers it to the outside atmosphere and during a maximum simultaneous cold request for its cold stations and / or rooms to be refrigerated and hot for its premises to be heated recovers heat found both in these cold and / or local stations to be refrigerated and in the outside atmosphere, and transports it to these rooms to be heated.

L'installation frigorifique -4 peut ainsi mieux répondre à la fois aux besoins maximum prédé-erminés en froid dans ses postes de froid et/ou locaux à réfrigérer- et aux besoins maximum prédéterminés en chaud dans ses locaux à chauffer, grâce à une récupération de la chaleur dans l'atrrosphère extérieure qui permet de compléter celle dans ses postes ce froid et/ou locaux à réfrigérer.The refrigeration system -4 can thus better meet both the maximum predefined needs - cold in its cold rooms and / or rooms to be refrigerated - and the maximum predetermined needs for hot in its rooms to be heated, thanks to recovery of heat in the outer atrosphere which makes it possible to supplement that in its stations this cold and / or rooms to be refrigerated.

Dans l'exemple illustré à la figure 2 l'installation 14, pour produire du froid dans des meables ou postes de froid 15 et/ou locaux à réfrigérer 16 et du chaud dans des locaux à chauffer 17, comprend dans son circuit frigor fique un ou plusieurs motocompresseurs 18 en parallèle, un ou plusieurs évaporateurs 19 en parallèle, deux ou plusieurs condenseurs 20E 21, 22 en parallèle dont l'un 20 au moins est monté, exposé à l'atmosphère extérieure 36, et le ou les autres 21, 22 sont installés à l'untérieur des locaux à chauffer 17, deux électrovannes 23, 24 dispasées sur la sortie du collecteur commun de refoulement 32 des motocompresseurs 18 et en amont de ces condenseurs pour diriger la vapeur de réfrigérant comprimée par les motocompresseurs, soit vers le condenseur ou groupe de condenseurs 20 exposés à l'atmosphère extérieure 36 soit vers le condenseur ou groupe de condenseurs 21, 22 installés dans les locaux à chauffer 17, deux clapets anti-retour 25, 26 montés en aval du condenseur ou groupe de condenseurs 20 exposés à l'atmosphère extérieure 36, et du condenseur ou groupe de condenseurs 21, 22 installés dans les locaux à chauffer pour empêcher le retour du liquide réfrigérant, et un réservoir à réfrigérant liquide 27 dont l'entrée 28 est reliée à ces clapets anti-retour et la sortie 29 est connectée à l'entrée des évaporateurs 19.In the example illustrated in FIG. 2, the installation 14, for producing cold in mables or cold stations 15 and / or rooms to be refrigerated 16 and hot in rooms to be heated 17, comprises in its refrigeration circuit a or several motor compressors 18 in parallel, one or more evaporators 19 in parallel, two or more condensers 20E 21, 22 in parallel of which at least one 20 is mounted, exposed to the external atmosphere 36, and the other 21 or others, 22 are installed inside the premises to be heated 17, two solenoid valves 23, 24 dispersed on the outlet of the common delivery manifold 32 of the motor compressors 18 and upstream of these condensers to direct the refrigerant vapor compressed by the motor compressors, either to the condenser or group of condensers 20 exposed to the external atmosphere 36 either towards the conden sor or group of condensers 21, 22 installed in the premises to be heated 17, two non-return valves 25, 26 mounted downstream of the condenser or group of condensers 20 exposed to the external atmosphere 36, and of the condenser or group of condensers 21 , 22 installed in the premises to be heated to prevent the return of the coolant, and a liquid coolant tank 27 the inlet 28 of which is connected to these non-return valves and the outlet 29 is connected to the inlet of the evaporators 19.

Selon une caractéristique importante, l'installation frigorifique 14 comprend une électrovanne 30 et un détecteur-régulateur de type connus montés en série lesquels relient la sortie 29 du réservoir à réfrigérant liquide 27 et la sortie 37 du condenseur ou groupe de condenseurs 20 exposés à l'atmosphère extérieure 36, en amont du clapet anti-retour 25.According to an important characteristic, the refrigeration installation 14 comprises a solenoid valve 30 and a detector-regulator of known type mounted in series which connect the outlet 29 of the liquid refrigerant tank 27 and the outlet 37 of the condenser or group of condensers 20 exposed to the external atmosphere 36, upstream of the non-return valve 25.

Selon une autre caractéristique, l'installation frigorifique 14 con-prend une électrovanne à pilotage aval 33 de type connu qui relie l'entrée 34 du condenseur ou groupe de condenseurs 20 exposés à l'atmosphère extérieure 36, au collecteur commun d'aspiration 35 des motocompresseurs 18.According to another characteristic, the refrigeration installation 14 takes a downstream piloted solenoid valve 33 of known type which connects the inlet 34 of the condenser or group of condensers 20 exposed to the external atmosphere 36, to the common suction manifold 35 motor compressors 18.

Dans l'installation frigorifique 14, lors d'une demande de froid seul pour des postes de froid 15 et/ou locaux à réfrigérer 16, les élec-n-ovannes 24, 30, 33 sont fermées, et l'électrovanne 23 est ouverte pour laisser passer la vapeur de réfrigérant comprimée par les motocompresseurs 18, dans le condenseur ou groupe de condenseurs 20, exposés à l'atmosphère extérieure36, puis à travers le clapet anti-retour 25, dans le réservoir à réfrigérant liquide venant du réservoir 27, traverse les détendeurs non représentés et de détend dans les évaporateurs 19 pour produire du froid dans ces postes de froid 15 et/ou locaux à réfrigérer 16 autrement dit pour y récupérer de la chaleur et se transformer en vapeur. La vapeur de réfr-gérant sortant de ces évaporateurs 19 est aspirée à travers un collecteur commun 35, par les motocompresseurs 18 qui la compriment et la refoulent à travers l'électrovanne 23 dans le condenseur ou groupe de condenseurs 20 exposés à l'atmosphère extérieure 36. La vapeur de réfrigérant comprimée y cède de la chaleur avant de traverser le clapet 25 et entrer dans le réservoir 27 et recommencer un nouveau cycle de fonctionnement. Dans chacun de ces cycles de fonctionnement durant une demande de froid seul, le réfrigérant récupère de la chaleur dans les postes de froid 15 et/ou locaux à réfrigérer 16, la transporte dans le condenseur ou groupe de condenseurs 20 exposés à l'atmosphère extérieure 36 et y cède de la chaleur. L'installation 14 répond ainsi efficacement et correctement aux besoins de froid demandés.In the refrigerating device 14, only during a cooling demand for cold positions 15 and / or spaces to be cooled 16, the elec - n-ovannes 24, 30, 33 are closed, and the solenoid valve 23 is opened to let the refrigerant vapor compressed by the motor compressors 18 pass into the condenser or group of condensers 20, exposed to the external atmosphere 36, then through the non-return valve 25, into the liquid refrigerant tank coming from the tank 27, crosses the regulators not shown and expands in the evaporators 19 to produce cold in these cold stations 15 and / or premises to be refrigerated 16 in other words to recover heat there and transform into vapor. The refractory manager vapor leaving these evaporators 19 is sucked through a common collector 35, by the motor compressors 18 which compress it and discharge it through the solenoid valve 23 into the condenser or group of condensers 20 exposed to the external atmosphere. 36. The compressed refrigerant vapor gives up heat there before passing through the valve 25 and entering the reservoir 27 and starting a new operating cycle. In each of these operating cycles during a request for cold alone, the refrigerant recovers heat in the cold stations 15 and / or rooms to be refrigerated 16, transports it into the condenser or group of condensers 20 exposed to the external atmosphere 36 and gives off heat. The installation 14 thus responds efficiently and correctly to the cold requirements requested.

Lors d'une demande simultanée et maximale de froid pour les postes de froid 15 et/ou locaux à réfrigérer 16, et de chaud pour les locaux à chauffer 17, l'électrovanne 23 est fermée et les électrovannes 24, 30, 33 sont ouvertes. La vapeur de réfrigérant comprimée par les motocompresseurs 18 et refoulée à travers l'électrovanne 24, dans les condenseurs 21, 22 installés dans les locaux à chauffer 17 y cède de la chaleur pour satisfaire les besoins maximum en chaud demandés avant de passer à travers le clapet anti-retour 26 dans le réservoir à réfrigérant liquide 27. Le réfrigérant liquide sortant du réservoir 27 se divise en deux parties, l'une traverse les détendeurs non représentés, se détend dans les évaporateurs 19 et récupère de la chaleur se trouvant dans les postes de froid 15 et/ou locaux à réfrigérer 16, autrement dit y produit du froid pour satisfaire les besoins maximum en froid demandés, l'autre traverse l'électrovanne 30 et le détendeur régulateur 31, se détend dans le condenseur ou groupe de condenseurs 20 exposés à l'atmosphère extérieure 36 qui fonctionne lors en évaporateurs, et récupère de la chaleur se trouvant dans l'atmosphère extérieure 36. La vapeur du réfrigérant détendu dans les évaporateurs 19 et dans le condenseur ou groupe de condenseurs 20 fonctionnant en évaporateurs, est aspirée à travers le collecteur commun d'aspiration 35, par les motocompresseurs 18 qui la compriment et la refoulent à travers l'électrovanne 24 dans les condenseurs 21, 22 des locaux à chauffer 17, et un nouveau cycle de fonctionnement recommence.During a simultaneous and maximum request for cold for the cold stations 15 and / or rooms to be refrigerated 16, and for hot for the rooms to be heated 17, the solenoid valve 23 is closed and the solenoid valves 24, 30, 33 are open . The refrigerant vapor compressed by the motor compressors 18 and discharged through the solenoid valve 24, in the condensers 21, 22 installed in the premises to be heated 17 yields heat therein to meet the maximum heat requirements required before passing through the non-return valve 26 in the liquid refrigerant tank 27. The liquid refrigerant leaving the tank 27 is divided into two parts, one passes through the regulators not shown, expands in the evaporators 19 and recovers heat being in the cold stations 15 and / or rooms to be refrigerated 16, in other words produces cold there to meet the maximum demand for cold demand, the other passes through the solenoid valve 30 and the regulator regulator 31, expands in the condenser or group of condensers 20 exposed to the external atmosphere 36 which then operates in evaporators, and recovers heat being in the external atmosphere 36. The vapor of the refrigerant expanded in the evaporates eurs 19 and in the condenser or group of condensers 20 operating as evaporators, is sucked through the common suction manifold 35, by the motor compressors 18 which compress it and discharge it through the solenoid valve 24 in the condensers 21, 22 of the premises to be heated 17, and a new operating cycle begins again.

Dans chacun de ces cycles de fonctionnement, le réfrigérant récupère de la chaleur à la fois dans les postes de froid 15 et/ou locaux à réfrigérer 16 et dans l'atmosphère extérieure 36, et la transporte dans les locaux à chauffer 17. Par comparaison à une installation frigorifique connue 1 décrite dans un paragraphe précédent, qui ne donne pas entièrement satisfaction, l'installation frigorifique 14 réalisée selon l'invention, peut, grâce à une récupération complémentaire de la chaleur dans l'atmosphère extérieure 36 répondre correctement à la fois aux besoins maximum demandés en froid dans les postes de froid 15 et/ou locaux à réfrigérer 16 et aux besoins maximum demandés en chaud dans les locaux à chauffer 17.In each of these operating cycles, the refrigerant recovers heat both in the cold stations 15 and / or rooms to be refrigerated 16 and in the outside atmosphere 36, and transports it to the rooms to be heated 17. By comparison to a known refrigeration installation 1 described in a previous paragraph, which is not entirely satisfactory, the refrigeration installation 14 produced according to the invention, can, thanks to additional heat recovery in the external atmosphere 36 respond correctly to the times the maximum demand for cold in the cold stations 15 and / or rooms to be refrigerated 16 and the maximum demand for hot in the rooms to be heated 17.

Dans l'installation frigorifique 14 de l'invention, l'électrovanne à pilotage aval 33 qui se ferme à une pression en aval, supérieure à une valeur choisie ou prédéterminée de pression d'évaporation du réfrigérant dans le collecteur commun d'aspiration 35 des motocompresseurs 18, et s'ouvre à une pression en aval, inférieure à cette valeur choisie ou prédéterminée de pression d'évaporation du réfrigérant, permet, à travers une bonne régulation de la pression d'évaporation du réfrigérant à l'entrée des motocompresseurs 18 d'obtenir un fonctionnement de l'installation d'une manière constante à sa puissance optimale pour répondre correctement aux besoins maximum en froid et en chaud demandés.In the refrigeration installation 14 of the invention, the downstream piloted solenoid valve 33 which closes at a pressure downstream, greater than a chosen or predetermined value of evaporation pressure of the refrigerant in the common suction manifold 35 of the motor-compressors 18, and opens at a downstream pressure, lower than this chosen or predetermined value of evaporation pressure of the refrigerant, allows, through good regulation of the evaporation pressure of the refrigerant at the inlet of the motor-compressors 18 to obtain an operation of the installation in a constant manner at its optimum power to correctly respond to the maximum cold and hot requirements.

L'installation frigorifique 14 peut être commandée par des systèmes de commande de types connus soit entièrement automatiquement soit semi-automatiquement.The refrigeration installation 14 can be controlled by control systems of known types either fully automatically or semi-automatically.

L'installation frigorifique 14 décrite ci-dessus bien qu'elle présente une struture simple, s'avère efficace et excellement économique dans la production de froid et de chaud, le frcid étant destiné à assurer la conservation des produits dans les postes de froid 15 et/ou la tenue en températures des locaux à réfrigérer 16, et le chaud contribuant à assurer le maintien en températures des locaux à chauffer 17 et des produits qui y sont entreposés.The refrigeration installation 14 described above although it has a simple structure, proves to be efficient and excellently economical in the production of cold and heat, the frcid being intended to ensure the preservation of the products in the cold stations 15 and / or the temperature resistance of the premises to be refrigerated 16, and the hot contributing to ensuring the maintenance of temperatures of the premises to be heated 17 and of the products which are stored there.

Claims (5)

1. Installation frigorifique produisant du froid et du chaud, respectivement pour des postes de froid (15), des locaux à réfrigérer (16) et à chauffer (17), ayant un ou plusieurs motocompresseurs en parallèle (18), des condenseurs en parallèle (20, 21, 22) des évaporateurs en parallèle (19) et un réservoir à réfrigérant liquide (27), caractérisée en ce que, pour mieux répondre aux besoins en froid et en chaud demandés, elle transporte de la chaleur se trouvant dans les postes de froid (15) et/ou locaux à réfrigérer (16), et la cède à l'atmosphère extérieure (36) lors d'une demande de froid seul, et elle récupère de la chaleur se trouvant à la fois dans les postes de froid (15) et/ou locaux à réfrigérer (16) et dans l'atmosphère extérieure (36) et la transporte dans les locaux à chauffer (17), lors d'une demande simultanée de froid et de chaud respectivement pour ces postes de froid (I5) et locaux à réfrigérer (16) et à chauffer (17).1. Refrigeration installation producing cold and heat, respectively for cold stations (15), premises to be refrigerated (16) and heated (17), having one or more motor-compressors in parallel (18), condensers in parallel (20, 21, 22) of the evaporators in parallel (19) and a liquid refrigerant tank (27), characterized in that, to better meet the demand for cold and hot demand, it transports heat being in the cold stations (15) and / or rooms to be refrigerated (16), and gives it to the outside atmosphere (36) during a request for cold alone, and it recovers heat which is both in the stations cold (15) and / or rooms to be refrigerated (16) and in the outside atmosphere (36) and transports it to the rooms to be heated (17), during a simultaneous request for cold and heat respectively for these stations cold (I5) and rooms to be refrigerated (16) and heated (17). 2. Installation selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend des condenseurs en parallèle (20, 21, 22) dont l'un au moins (20) est monté exposé à l'atmosphère extérieure (36) et le ou les autres (21, 22) sont installés dans les locaux à chauffer (17).2. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises condensers in parallel (20, 21, 22) of which at least one (20) is mounted exposed to the external atmosphere (36) and the one or more others (21, 22) are installed in the premises to be heated (17). 3. Installation selon la revendication 2, caractérisée en ce que, durant une demande simultanée et maximale de froid et de chaud, le ou les condenseurs (20) exposés à l'atmosphère extérieure (36) fonctionnent en évaporateurs, et le ou les autres condenseurs (21, 22) installés dans les locaux à chauffer, remplissent leur fonction normale, et durant une demande maximale de froid seul, le ou les condenseurs (20) exposés à l'atmosphère extérieure (36) remplissent leur fonction normale, et le ou les autres condenseurs (21, 22) sont arrêtés.3. Installation according to claim 2, characterized in that, during a simultaneous and maximum demand for cold and heat, the condenser (s) (20) exposed to the external atmosphere (36) operate as evaporators, and the other (s) condensers (21, 22) installed in the premises to be heated, fulfill their normal function, and during a maximum demand for cold alone, the condenser (s) (20) exposed to the external atmosphere (36) fulfill their normal function, and the or the other condensers (21, 22) are stopped. 4. Installation selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend d'une part deux électrovannes (23, 24) et deux clapets anti-retour (25, 26) montés respectivement les uns (23, 25) en amont et en aval du condenseur ou groupe de condenseurs (20) exposés à l'atmosphère extérieure (36), et les autres (24, 26) en amont et en aval du condenseur ou groupe de condenseurs (21, 22) installés dans les locaux à chauffer (17), et d'autre part, une électrovanne (30) et un détendeur-régulateur (31) en série, reliant la sortie (29) du réservoir (27) à réfrigérant liquide et à la sortie (37) du condenseur ou groupe de condenseurs (20) exposés à l'atmosphère extérieur (36), en amont du clapet anti-retour (25).4. Installation according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it comprises on the one hand two solenoid valves (23, 24) and two non-return valves (25, 26) mounted respectively one (23, 25 ) upstream and downstream of the condenser or group of condensers (20) exposed to the external atmosphere (36), and the others (24, 26) in upstream and downstream of the condenser or group of condensers (21, 22) installed in the premises to be heated (17), and on the other hand, a solenoid valve (30) and a regulator-regulator (31) in series, connecting the outlet (29) of the liquid refrigerant tank (27) and at the outlet (37) of the condenser or group of condensers (20) exposed to the outside atmosphere (36), upstream of the non-return valve (25). 5. Installation selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisée en ce que, pour obtenir un fonctionnement constant à sa puissance optimale, elle comprend une électrovanne à pilotage aval (33) reliant le condenseur ou groupe de condenseurs (20) exposés à l'atmosphère extérieure (36) fonctionnant en évaporateurs, au collecteur commun d'aspiration (35) du ou des motocompresseurs (18).5. Installation according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, to obtain constant operation at its optimum power, it comprises a downstream piloted solenoid valve (33) connecting the condenser or group of condensers (20) exposed to the external atmosphere (36) operating as evaporators, to the common suction manifold (35) of the motor-compressor (s) (18).
EP84402522A 1983-12-09 1984-12-06 Refrigeration plant producing cold and heat Withdrawn EP0148062A3 (en)

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FR8319768 1983-12-09
FR8319768A FR2556456B1 (en) 1983-12-09 1983-12-09 REFRIGERATION SYSTEM PRODUCING COLD AND HOT

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EP0148062A2 true EP0148062A2 (en) 1985-07-10
EP0148062A3 EP0148062A3 (en) 1985-08-07

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GB2422653A (en) * 2005-01-10 2006-08-02 Arctic Circle Ltd Refrigeration apparatus having a heating capability during cold weather
EP1921401A3 (en) * 2006-11-13 2009-12-16 "Arneg" Kühlmöbel und Ladeneinrichtungen Produktions- u. Handelsgesellschaft m.b.H. Method for heat recovery
ITBO20110022A1 (en) * 2011-01-24 2012-07-25 Rivacold S R L MULTI-UTILITY REFRIGERATOR SYSTEM
EP3002529A1 (en) * 2014-10-01 2016-04-06 Rivacold S.R.L. Refrigeration plant for refrigeration and air conditioning
EP3470748A1 (en) * 2017-05-12 2019-04-17 Artik-A Air-conditioner

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US2162245A (en) * 1937-10-23 1939-06-13 Stator Corp Heating and cooling system
GB634574A (en) * 1945-10-25 1950-03-22 Harold Selby Craddock Improvements relating to refrigeration and heating apparatus
US2700279A (en) * 1952-06-12 1955-01-25 Gen Motors Corp Refrigerating apparatus and water heater
US2934913A (en) * 1958-01-17 1960-05-03 Gen Electric Combination kitchen appliances
DE2337746A1 (en) * 1973-07-25 1975-02-06 Peter Schmidt Heat reclamation from swimming pool and shower waste water - uses a heat exchanger and automatic feed pump control
DE2407047A1 (en) * 1974-02-14 1975-08-28 Hartmut Wick Heat pump storage system covers annular fluctuations - uses heat of waste water with minimum amount of electricity
FR2339813A1 (en) * 1976-01-29 1977-08-26 Paul Mayens Heat pump for domestic heating and cooling - has evaporator and alternative water and air cooled condensers with valve connections for summer and winter use
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FR2439958A1 (en) * 1978-10-26 1980-05-23 Ceaf Spa DRYING SYSTEM, PARTICULARLY FOR TIMBER
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2422653A (en) * 2005-01-10 2006-08-02 Arctic Circle Ltd Refrigeration apparatus having a heating capability during cold weather
GB2422653B (en) * 2005-01-10 2011-03-02 Arctic Circle Ltd Refrigeration apparatus having a heating capability during cold weather
EP1921401A3 (en) * 2006-11-13 2009-12-16 "Arneg" Kühlmöbel und Ladeneinrichtungen Produktions- u. Handelsgesellschaft m.b.H. Method for heat recovery
ITBO20110022A1 (en) * 2011-01-24 2012-07-25 Rivacold S R L MULTI-UTILITY REFRIGERATOR SYSTEM
EP2479518A3 (en) * 2011-01-24 2012-12-05 Rivacold S.r.l. Multi-user refrigeration plant
EP3002529A1 (en) * 2014-10-01 2016-04-06 Rivacold S.R.L. Refrigeration plant for refrigeration and air conditioning
EP3470748A1 (en) * 2017-05-12 2019-04-17 Artik-A Air-conditioner

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FR2556456A1 (en) 1985-06-14
FR2556456B1 (en) 1986-05-16
EP0148062A3 (en) 1985-08-07

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