EP0143982B1 - Circuit breaker with an arc blow-out field - Google Patents

Circuit breaker with an arc blow-out field Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0143982B1
EP0143982B1 EP84112941A EP84112941A EP0143982B1 EP 0143982 B1 EP0143982 B1 EP 0143982B1 EP 84112941 A EP84112941 A EP 84112941A EP 84112941 A EP84112941 A EP 84112941A EP 0143982 B1 EP0143982 B1 EP 0143982B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
contact
strip
contact strip
circuit breaker
bent
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP84112941A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0143982A1 (en
Inventor
Joseph Westermeyer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Cessione abl Sursum Bayerische Elektrozubehor GmbH
Original Assignee
Sursum Elektrizitatsgesellschaft Leyhausen & Co GmbH
SURSUM ELEKTRIZITATSGESELLSCHAFT LEYHAUSEN GmbH AND Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by Sursum Elektrizitatsgesellschaft Leyhausen & Co GmbH, SURSUM ELEKTRIZITATSGESELLSCHAFT LEYHAUSEN GmbH AND Co filed Critical Sursum Elektrizitatsgesellschaft Leyhausen & Co GmbH
Publication of EP0143982A1 publication Critical patent/EP0143982A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0143982B1 publication Critical patent/EP0143982B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H9/44—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts using blow-out magnet
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H73/00—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches in which excess current opens the contacts by automatic release of mechanical energy stored by previous operation of a hand reset mechanism
    • H01H73/02—Details
    • H01H73/18—Means for extinguishing or suppressing arc

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a self-switch with an arc blowing field, in which a rotatably mounted switching arm carries a movable contact piece, which is assigned to a fixed contact piece, which is provided on the cross piece of a U-shaped, loop-forming contact strip which is connected internally to an electrical circuit and the other end of which is free, forms a deflecting horn and is assigned to a group of deion sheets, to which at least one arc baffle leads, the backing sheet of the tripping magnet serving as the carrier of the fixed contact piece and the width of the contact strip extending between two ceramic insulating washers.
  • the contact strip is formed from a single sheet.
  • the curved contact strip is used to conduct arcs, which occur in the event of short circuits between the contact pieces, to the deion plates.
  • the derivation of the short-circuit arcs is often unsatisfactory in this known small circuit breaker.
  • An important requirement placed on a miniature circuit breaker is a high short-circuit breaking capacity.
  • the contacts in these switches are small and low in mass, it is important that when the contacts are opened the arc migrates very quickly away from the contact pieces onto the arc guide plates.
  • a switch is also known (DE-B-9232-644), in which a ferromagnetic sheet metal strip is applied to the side of a contact strip facing away from a contact piece.
  • this arrangement is disadvantageous with regard to holding the sheet metal strip and improving the arc discharge.
  • the invention provides, solving this problem, a self-switch, which is characterized in that a ferromagnetic sheet metal strip is inserted into the side of the U-shaped bent contact strip facing away from the fixed contact piece, forming a loop.
  • the inserted sheet metal strip extends over the width of the bent contact strip and tapers in width with it towards the free end. This design results in optimal conditions for arc discharge.
  • the circuit breaker according to the drawing has a narrow housing, which consists of a box 1 and a lid, not shown in FIG. 1, placed thereon.
  • the side wall of the box 1 has three eyes 2 distributed, which are provided with holes, which coincide with holes in the lid and through which rivets, not shown, which hold the housing together.
  • the housing has barbs 3 facing one another on the rear side, one of which is mounted in a spring-loaded manner and which are a device for attaching the housing to rails.
  • the housing is equipped with a screw terminal 4 on each of an upper and a lower transverse side, to which lines for the supply line and the discharge of current can be connected.
  • the upper screw terminal 4 sits on a carrier piece 4 'which projects into the housing and carries a bimetallic release 5. This is connected via a metallic wire 6 to a switching arm 7, which forms a movable contact piece 8 which interacts with a fixed contact piece 9.
  • the fixed contact piece is on a coil of an impact trigger 10 is connected, which has a spring-loaded plunger. At the other end, the coil is connected to the lower screw terminal 4 via a metallic wire 11.
  • the shift arm 7 is rotatably mounted about an axis 12 and carries a three-armed locking lever 14 rotatably on its arm facing the front 13.
  • the bimetal trigger 5 acts on one arm of the locking lever 14 by means of an adjustable grub screw.
  • the plunger of the impact anchor trigger 10 acts on the second arm.
  • the third arm of the locking lever 14 interacts with an arm of a pawl 15 which is rotatably mounted about an axis 16 at the front end of the switching arm 7.
  • a joint piece 17 is articulated, which is articulated at the other end to an arm of a handle lever 18, which is rotatably mounted and the handle piece of which projects through an opening in the side wall on the front side 13.
  • the handle lever 18 is acted upon by a wire spring 19, which strives to bring the handle lever into the position with the handle positioned upward, which corresponds to the open state of the switching contact.
  • a tension spring 20 also acts on the switching arm 7.
  • the stationary Contact piece 9 is part of a contact strip 25 which is mechanically firmly connected to the impact anchor trigger 10 and is electrically connected to the coil.
  • the contact strip 25 has the shape of a square U, one leg of which begins at the end face of the anchor trigger 10, the corner formed by this leg and the cross piece forms the contact piece 9 and the second leg after the second corner with the free end of the Front edges of the deion plates 22 ends.
  • a sheet metal strip 26 is inserted into the bent contact strip 25 and runs over its entire length in accordance with the contact strip.
  • the thickness of the inserted metal strip is noticeably less than that of the contact strip; There is no firm, intimate, flat connection between the bent contact strip and the inserted sheet metal strip.
  • the contact strip 25 and the sheet metal strip 26 extend in width between two ceramic insulating disks 27, of which only the one lying on the bottom of the box 1 is shown in FIG. 1. These two insulating disks 27 delimit the part of the arc chamber 21 which is not occupied by the group of deion sheets 22.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Selbstschalter mit Lichtbogenblasfeld, bei dem ein drehbar gelagerter Schaltarm ein bewegliches Kontaktstück trägt, das einem ortsfesten Kontaktstück zugeordnet ist, das am Querstück eines U-förmig gebogenen, eine Schlaufe bildenden Kontaktstreifens vorgesehen ist, der inerends an einen elektrischen Stromkreis angeschlossen ist und dessen anderes Ende frei ist, ein Ableithorn bildet und einer Gruppe von Deionblechen zugeordnet ist, zu denen mindestens ein Lichtbogenleitblech führt, wobei als Träger des festen Kontaktstückes das Rückschlußblech des Auslösemagneten dient und der Kontaktstreifen sich der Breite nach zwischen zwei keramischen Isolierscheiben erstreckt.The invention relates to a self-switch with an arc blowing field, in which a rotatably mounted switching arm carries a movable contact piece, which is assigned to a fixed contact piece, which is provided on the cross piece of a U-shaped, loop-forming contact strip which is connected internally to an electrical circuit and the other end of which is free, forms a deflecting horn and is assigned to a group of deion sheets, to which at least one arc baffle leads, the backing sheet of the tripping magnet serving as the carrier of the fixed contact piece and the width of the contact strip extending between two ceramic insulating washers.

Bei einem bekannten (GB-A-20 63 566) Selbstschalter dieser Art ist der Kontaktstreifen von einem einzigen Blech gebildet. Der gebogene Kontaktstreifen dient dazu, Lichtbögen, die bei Kurzschlüssen zwischen den Kontacktstücken auftreten, zu den Deionblechen abzuleiten. Die Ableitung der Kurzschluß-Lichtbögen ist bei diesem bekannten Klein Selbstschalter häufig nicht befriedigend. Eine wichtige Forderung, die an einen Klein-Selbstschalter gestellt wird, ist eine hohe Kurzschlußabschaltleistung. Da aber bei diesen Schaltern die Kontakte klein und massearm sind, ist es wichtig, daß beim öffnen der Kontakte der Lichtbogen sehr rasch von den Kontaktstücken weg auf die Lichtbogenleitbleche abwandert. Es sind mehrere Lösungen bekannt, die diesem Ziele dienen, beispielsweise Blasspulen, aber auch Blasschleifen, die im Bereich der geöffneten Kontakte ein magnetisches Blasfeld erzeugen. Die bekannten Lösungen sind aber aufwendig und teuer. Vor allem aber erfordern sie viel Platz, der jedoch in modernen Klein-Selbstschaltern in Schmalbauweise nicht in genügendem Maße vorhanden ist.In a known (GB-A-20 63 566) circuit breaker of this type, the contact strip is formed from a single sheet. The curved contact strip is used to conduct arcs, which occur in the event of short circuits between the contact pieces, to the deion plates. The derivation of the short-circuit arcs is often unsatisfactory in this known small circuit breaker. An important requirement placed on a miniature circuit breaker is a high short-circuit breaking capacity. However, since the contacts in these switches are small and low in mass, it is important that when the contacts are opened the arc migrates very quickly away from the contact pieces onto the arc guide plates. Several solutions are known that serve this purpose, for example blow coils, but also blow loops that generate a magnetic blow field in the area of the opened contacts. The known solutions are complex and expensive. Above all, however, they require a lot of space, which is, however, not available to a sufficient extent in modern small self-switches with a narrow design.

Es ist auch ein Schalter bekannt (DE-B-9232-644), bei dem an die einem Kontaktstück abgewendete Seite eines Kontaktstreifens ein ferromagnetischer Blechstreifen angelegt ist. Diese Anordnung ist jedoch hinsichtlich Halterung des Blechstreifens und Verbesserung der Lichtbogenableitung nachteilig.A switch is also known (DE-B-9232-644), in which a ferromagnetic sheet metal strip is applied to the side of a contact strip facing away from a contact piece. However, this arrangement is disadvantageous with regard to holding the sheet metal strip and improving the arc discharge.

Eine Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es daher, einen Selbstschalter der eingangs genannten Art zu schaffen, der mittels einer preiswerten und wenig hinderlichen Lichtbogenblasanordnung hinsichtlich der Ableitung von Kurzschluß-Lichtbögen erheblich verbessert ist. Die Erfindung sieht, diese Aufgabe lösend, einen Selbstschalter vor, der dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, daß in die dem ortsfesten Kontaktsstück abgewendete Seite des U-förmig gebogenen, eine Schlaufe bildenden Kontaktstreifens ein ferromagnetischer Blechstreifen eingelegt ist.It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a circuit breaker of the type mentioned at the outset, which is considerably improved in terms of the discharge of short-circuit arcs by means of an inexpensive and less obstructive arc blowing arrangement. The invention provides, solving this problem, a self-switch, which is characterized in that a ferromagnetic sheet metal strip is inserted into the side of the U-shaped bent contact strip facing away from the fixed contact piece, forming a loop.

Durch den eingelegten Blechstreifen wird die Ableitung von Kurzschluß-Lichtbögen von den Kontaktstücken zu den Deionblechen erheblich verbessert. Es wird beim festen Kontaktstück auf der der Kontaktstelle abgewandten Seite und mit dieser mehr oder wenig eng anschmiegend, z. B. ein Eisenblech von ca. 0,8 mm Dicke hinterlegt. Dieses Blasblech dient als magnetischer Rückschluß für den die Kontakte durchfließenden Kurzschlußstrom. Dadurch wird das auf den Kontaktlichtbogen wirkende eigendynamische Magnetfeld erheblich verstärkt und eine starke beschleunigende Kraft auf den Schaltlichtbogen ausgeübt. Der Blasblechstreifen ist in den U-förmigen Kontaktstreifen einfach nur hineingelegt.The insertion of sheet metal strips significantly improves the discharge of short-circuit arcs from the contact pieces to the deion sheets. It is the firm contact piece on the side facing away from the contact point and with this more or less closely, z. B. deposited an iron sheet of about 0.8 mm thickness. This blow plate serves as a magnetic yoke for the short-circuit current flowing through the contacts. As a result, the intrinsically dynamic magnetic field acting on the contact arc is considerably strengthened and a strong accelerating force is exerted on the switching arc. The blow sheet strip is simply placed in the U-shaped contact strip.

Besonders zweckmäßig und vorteilhaft ist es auch, wenn der eingelegte Blechstreifen sich über die Breite des gebogenen Kontaktstreifens erstreckt und sich mit diesem zum freien Ende hin in der Breite verjüngt. Durch diese Gestaltung ergeben sich bezüglich Lichtbogen-Ableitung optimale Verhältnisse.It is also particularly expedient and advantageous if the inserted sheet metal strip extends over the width of the bent contact strip and tapers in width with it towards the free end. This design results in optimal conditions for arc discharge.

Besonders vorteilhaft angewendet werden kann der Erfindungsgedanke bei der Anordnung gemäß DE-B-19 66 598, wo als Träger des festen Kontaktstückes das Rückschlußblech des Auslösemagneten dient, weil hier fester Kontakt und Blasblech in einer den Gesamtablauf vorteilhaft beeinflussenden Form gestaltet werden können. Anstelle der separat angefertigten Blasbleche kann auch einseitig mit Kupfer bewalztes Eisenblech verwendet werden.The idea of the invention can be used particularly advantageously in the arrangement according to DE-B-19 66 598, where the return plate of the release magnet serves as the carrier of the fixed contact piece, because here fixed contact and blow plate can be designed in a form which advantageously influences the overall process. Instead of the separately manufactured blower plates, iron plate rolled with copper on one side can also be used.

In der Zeichnung ist eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform der Erfindung dargestellt und zeigt.

  • Figur 1 eine Draufsicht auf einen Selbstschalter mit gebogenem Kontaktstreifen und
  • Figur 2 einen Schnitt gemäß Linie 11-11 in Fig. 1 in einem gegenüber Fig. 1 vergrößerten Maßstab.
In the drawing, a preferred embodiment of the invention is shown and shows.
  • Figure 1 is a plan view of a circuit breaker with a curved contact strip and
  • Figure 2 shows a section along line 11-11 in Fig. 1 on an enlarged scale compared to Fig. 1.

Der Selbstschalter gemäß Zeichnung weist ein Gehäuse in Schmalbauweise auf, das aus einem Kasten 1 und einem daraufgelegten, in Fig. 1 nicht gezeigten Deckel besteht. Die Seitenwandung des Kastens 1 weist verteilt drei Augen 2 auf, die mit Bohrungen versehen sind, die sich mit Bohrungen des Deckels decken und durch welche nicht gezeigte Nieten ragen, die das Gehäuse zusammenhalten. Das Gehäuse weist an der Rückseite einander zugewandte Widerhaken 3 auf, von denen einer abgefedert gelagert ist und die eine Einrichtung zum Anbringen des Gehäuses an Schienen sind.The circuit breaker according to the drawing has a narrow housing, which consists of a box 1 and a lid, not shown in FIG. 1, placed thereon. The side wall of the box 1 has three eyes 2 distributed, which are provided with holes, which coincide with holes in the lid and through which rivets, not shown, which hold the housing together. The housing has barbs 3 facing one another on the rear side, one of which is mounted in a spring-loaded manner and which are a device for attaching the housing to rails.

Das Gehäuse ist an einer oberen und an einer unteren Querseite mit je einer Schraubklemme 4 bestückt, an die Leitungen für die Zuleitung und die Ableitung von Strom anschließbar sind. Die obere Schraubklemme 4 sitzt an einem Trägerstück 4', das in das Gehäuse ragt und einen Bimetall-Auslöser 5 trägt. Dieser ist über eine metallische Litze 6 an einen Schaltarm 7 angeschlossen, der ein bewegliches Kontaktstück 8 bildet, das mit einem ortsfesten Kontaktstück 9 zusammenwirkt. Das ortsfeste Kontaktstück ist an eine Spule eines Schlaganker-Auslösers 10 angeschlossen, der einen federbelasteten Stößel aufweist. Die Spule ist anderenends über eine metallische Litze 11 an die untere Schraubklemme 4 angeschlossen.The housing is equipped with a screw terminal 4 on each of an upper and a lower transverse side, to which lines for the supply line and the discharge of current can be connected. The upper screw terminal 4 sits on a carrier piece 4 'which projects into the housing and carries a bimetallic release 5. This is connected via a metallic wire 6 to a switching arm 7, which forms a movable contact piece 8 which interacts with a fixed contact piece 9. The fixed contact piece is on a coil of an impact trigger 10 is connected, which has a spring-loaded plunger. At the other end, the coil is connected to the lower screw terminal 4 via a metallic wire 11.

Der Schaltarm 7 ist um eine Achse 12 drehbar gelagert und trägt an seinem der Vorderseite 13 zugewendeten Arm einen dreiarmigen Sperrhebel 14 drehbar. Auf den einen Arm des Sperrhebels 14 wirkt der Bimetall-Auslöser 5 mittels einer verstellbaren Madenschraube ein. Auf den zweiten Arm wirkt der Stößel des Schlaganker-Auslösers 10 ein. Und der dritte Arm des Sperrhebels 14 wirkt mit einem Arm einer Sperrklinke 15 zusammen, die an dem vorderen Ende des Schaltarmes 7 um eine Achse 16 drehbar gelagert ist. Am anderen Ende der Sperrklinke 15 ist ein Gelenkstück 17 angelenkt, das anderenends an einem Arm eines Griffhebels 18 angelenkt ist, der drehbar gelagert ist und dessen Griffstück durch einen Durchbruch der Seitenwandung an der Vorderseite 13 ragt. Der Griffhebel 18 ist von einer Drahtfeder 19 beaufschlagt, die bestrebt ist, den Griffhebel in die Stellung mit nach oben gelegtem Griffstück zu bringen, die dem offenen Zustand des Schaltkontaktes entspricht. Am Schaltarm 7 greift auch eine Zugfeder 20 an.The shift arm 7 is rotatably mounted about an axis 12 and carries a three-armed locking lever 14 rotatably on its arm facing the front 13. The bimetal trigger 5 acts on one arm of the locking lever 14 by means of an adjustable grub screw. The plunger of the impact anchor trigger 10 acts on the second arm. And the third arm of the locking lever 14 interacts with an arm of a pawl 15 which is rotatably mounted about an axis 16 at the front end of the switching arm 7. At the other end of the pawl 15, a joint piece 17 is articulated, which is articulated at the other end to an arm of a handle lever 18, which is rotatably mounted and the handle piece of which projects through an opening in the side wall on the front side 13. The handle lever 18 is acted upon by a wire spring 19, which strives to bring the handle lever into the position with the handle positioned upward, which corresponds to the open state of the switching contact. A tension spring 20 also acts on the switching arm 7.

In der Lichtbogenkammer 21, in der sich die Kontaktstükke 8, 9 befinden, befindet sich auch eine Gruppe von Deionblechen 22. Ein vom Trägerstück 4' herkommendes Ableitblech 23 und ein Ableitblech 24 des Schlaganker-Auslösers 10 verlaufen parallel zu den Deionblechen 22. Das ortsfeste Kontaktstück 9 ist Bestandteil eines Kontaktstreifens 25, der mit dem Schlaganker-Auslöser 10 mechanisch fest verbunden ist und an dessen Spule elektrisch angeschlossen ist. Der Kontaktstreifen 25 besitzt die Form eines eckigen U, dessen einer Schenkel an der Stirnseite des Schlaganker-Auslösers 10 beginnt, dessen von diesem Schenkel und dem Querstück gebildete Ecke das Kontaktstück 9 bildet und dessen zweiter Schenkel nach der zweiten Ecke mit dem freien Ende an den Stirnkanten der Deionbleche 22 endet.In the arc chamber 21, in which the contact pieces 8, 9 are located, there is also a group of deion plates 22. A deflection plate 23 coming from the carrier piece 4 'and a deflection plate 24 of the impact anchor trigger 10 run parallel to the deion plates 22. The stationary Contact piece 9 is part of a contact strip 25 which is mechanically firmly connected to the impact anchor trigger 10 and is electrically connected to the coil. The contact strip 25 has the shape of a square U, one leg of which begins at the end face of the anchor trigger 10, the corner formed by this leg and the cross piece forms the contact piece 9 and the second leg after the second corner with the free end of the Front edges of the deion plates 22 ends.

In den gebogenen Kontaktstreifen 25 ist ein Blechstreifen 26 eingelegt, der entsprechend dem Kontaktstreifen über dessen gesamte Länge verläuft. Die Dicke des eingelegten Blechstreifens ist merklich geringer als die des Kontaktstreifens ; zwischen gebogenem Kontaktstreifen und eingelegtem Blechstreifen besteht keine feste innige flächige Verbindung. Der Kontaktstreifen 25 und der Blechstreifen 26 erstrecken sich der Breite nach zwischen zwei keramischen Isolierscheiben 27, von denen in Fig. 1 nur die am Boden des Kastens 1 liegende gezeigt ist. Diese beiden Isolierscheiben 27 begrenzen den Teil der Lichtbogenkammer 21, der nicht von der Gruppe von Deionblechen 22 besetzt ist.A sheet metal strip 26 is inserted into the bent contact strip 25 and runs over its entire length in accordance with the contact strip. The thickness of the inserted metal strip is noticeably less than that of the contact strip; There is no firm, intimate, flat connection between the bent contact strip and the inserted sheet metal strip. The contact strip 25 and the sheet metal strip 26 extend in width between two ceramic insulating disks 27, of which only the one lying on the bottom of the box 1 is shown in FIG. 1. These two insulating disks 27 delimit the part of the arc chamber 21 which is not occupied by the group of deion sheets 22.

Claims (2)

1. An automatic circuit breaker with an arc blow-out field, wherein a rotatably mounted contact arm (7) supports a movable contact member (8) associated with a stationary contact member (9), the stationary contact member being provided on the transverse member of a contact strip (25) bent into a U-shape and forming a loop connected at one end to an electric circuit, the other end of the loop being free, the contact strip forming a discharge horn and being associated with a group of de-ionizing plates (22), at least one arc guide plate (23, 24) leading to the de-ionizing plates and the ground plate of the release magnet acting as the support of the stationary contact member (9) and the contact strip (25), the contact strip extending widthwise between two ceramic insulating plates (27), characterized in that a ferromagnetic sheet-metal strip (26) is secured to the side of the contact strip (25) remote from the fixed contact member (9) the contact strip being bent into a U-shape and forming a loop.
2. An automatic circuit breaker according to Claim 1, characterized in that the secured sheet-metal strip (26) extends over the width of the bent contact strip (25) and tapers with the contact strip towards its free end.
EP84112941A 1983-10-29 1984-10-26 Circuit breaker with an arc blow-out field Expired EP0143982B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3339399 1983-10-29
DE19833339399 DE3339399A1 (en) 1983-10-29 1983-10-29 SELF-SWITCH WITH ARC BLOW FIELD

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0143982A1 EP0143982A1 (en) 1985-06-12
EP0143982B1 true EP0143982B1 (en) 1987-05-27

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EP84112941A Expired EP0143982B1 (en) 1983-10-29 1984-10-26 Circuit breaker with an arc blow-out field

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US (1) US4614928A (en)
EP (1) EP0143982B1 (en)
AU (1) AU570739B2 (en)
CA (1) CA1227826A (en)
DE (1) DE3339399A1 (en)

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DD204343A1 (en) * 1981-08-13 1983-11-23 Wolfgang Suess PIPING PROTECTION SWITCH IN NARROW CONSTRUCTION

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0143982A1 (en) 1985-06-12
AU570739B2 (en) 1988-03-24
DE3339399A1 (en) 1985-05-09
DE3339399C2 (en) 1992-07-30
CA1227826A (en) 1987-10-06
AU3480384A (en) 1985-05-02
US4614928A (en) 1986-09-30

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