EP0138849B1 - Process for the preparation of lineatin - Google Patents

Process for the preparation of lineatin Download PDF

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EP0138849B1
EP0138849B1 EP84900899A EP84900899A EP0138849B1 EP 0138849 B1 EP0138849 B1 EP 0138849B1 EP 84900899 A EP84900899 A EP 84900899A EP 84900899 A EP84900899 A EP 84900899A EP 0138849 B1 EP0138849 B1 EP 0138849B1
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formula
oxidation
subjected
derivative
trimethyl
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EP0138849A1 (en
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Lars Institute of Chemistry SKATTEBÖL
Yngve Institute of Chemistry STENSTRÖM
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Borregaard Industries Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D493/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system
    • C07D493/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
    • C07D493/08—Bridged systems
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C29/00—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring
    • C07C29/36—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring increasing the number of carbon atoms by reactions with formation of hydroxy groups, which may occur via intermediates being derivatives of hydroxy, e.g. O-metal
    • C07C29/38—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring increasing the number of carbon atoms by reactions with formation of hydroxy groups, which may occur via intermediates being derivatives of hydroxy, e.g. O-metal by reaction with aldehydes or ketones
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C45/00—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds
    • C07C45/27—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by oxidation
    • C07C45/29—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by oxidation of hydroxy groups
    • C07C45/292—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by oxidation of hydroxy groups with chromium derivatives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C45/00—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds
    • C07C45/61—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by reactions not involving the formation of >C = O groups
    • C07C45/67—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by reactions not involving the formation of >C = O groups by isomerisation; by change of size of the carbon skeleton
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C45/00—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds
    • C07C45/61—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by reactions not involving the formation of >C = O groups
    • C07C45/67—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by reactions not involving the formation of >C = O groups by isomerisation; by change of size of the carbon skeleton
    • C07C45/68—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by reactions not involving the formation of >C = O groups by isomerisation; by change of size of the carbon skeleton by increase in the number of carbon atoms
    • C07C45/70—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by reactions not involving the formation of >C = O groups by isomerisation; by change of size of the carbon skeleton by increase in the number of carbon atoms by reaction with functional groups containing oxygen only in singly bound form
    • C07C45/71—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by reactions not involving the formation of >C = O groups by isomerisation; by change of size of the carbon skeleton by increase in the number of carbon atoms by reaction with functional groups containing oxygen only in singly bound form being hydroxy groups
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C47/00—Compounds having —CHO groups
    • C07C47/20—Unsaturated compounds having —CHO groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms
    • C07C47/21—Unsaturated compounds having —CHO groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms with only carbon-to-carbon double bonds as unsaturation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C49/00—Ketones; Ketenes; Dimeric ketenes; Ketonic chelates
    • C07C49/20—Unsaturated compounds containing keto groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms
    • C07C49/203—Unsaturated compounds containing keto groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms with only carbon-to-carbon double bonds as unsaturation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C49/00—Ketones; Ketenes; Dimeric ketenes; Ketonic chelates
    • C07C49/587—Unsaturated compounds containing a keto groups being part of a ring
    • C07C49/647—Unsaturated compounds containing a keto groups being part of a ring having unsaturation outside the ring
    • C07C49/653—Unsaturated compounds containing a keto groups being part of a ring having unsaturation outside the ring polycyclic
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D311/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only hetero atom, condensed with other rings
    • C07D311/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only hetero atom, condensed with other rings ortho- or peri-condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
    • C07D311/76—Benzo[c]pyrans
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D493/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system
    • C07D493/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
    • C07D493/10—Spiro-condensed systems

Definitions

  • lineatin is a pheromone which attracts certain species of ambrosia beetles (Trypodendron). This attraction is particularly strong when lineatin is used in admixture with certain other chemical substances, for instance as described in our Norwegian patent 144.029.
  • R 1 and R 2 may be hydrogen or lower alkyl.
  • a catalyst such as p-toluene sulfonic acid.
  • the preparation of the newcompound2 suitably takes place in a perse known manner (Bly etal, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 91 (1969) 3292) by reacting 1 with a suitable Grignard reagent, such as ⁇ -methyl allylmagnesium chloride.
  • the preparation of the new compound 3 also takes place in a per se known manner [Brown et a/, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 83 (1961) 2952 and J. Org. Chem., 36 (1971) 387] by oxidizing 2 with a mild oxidizing agent which oxidizes the secondary hydroxyl group to a keto group without attacking the double bond in 2.
  • Suitable oxidizing agents are for instance bichromate, Jones reagent and DMSO.
  • the oxidation is carried out with chromate or dichromate in an acidic medium.
  • reaction is a thermal intramolecular cycloaddition in which the reaction conditions are dependant upon several factors, including the groups R, and R 2 .
  • the reaction may be carried out by distilling the compound through a suitably heated tube under reduced pressure. Too high temperatures, such as above 550°C, may result in excessive amounts of other products such as 8 due to competing reactions, while too low temperatures, such as below 400°C, will result in incomplete reaction.
  • the reaction time may for instance be adjusted by varying the pressure when the compound-3 is distilled through a heated tube, since higher pressure will result in a longer residence time in the reactor.
  • the pressure is kept lower than 10 mm Hg. It is also possible to extend the residence time (reaction time) by using a longer reactor and/or increase the resistance therein.
  • the suitable temperature will be 470-510°C, preferably 480-500°C, in particular about 490°C.
  • Compound 4 is converted to the new compound 5 by simultaneous ring expansion of the cyclopentane ring and oxidation of the double bond by means of an organic peracid such as an optionally substituted perbenzoic acid or pertrifluoro acetic acid.
  • an organic peracid such as an optionally substituted perbenzoic acid or pertrifluoro acetic acid.
  • Compound 5 is converted to compound 6 by further oxidation using a periodate in an acidic medium.
  • the present process is clearly superior according to this comparison. There are of course other factors which are essential, such as the price of reagents and solvents used, methods of separation and difficulty in carrying out the operations.
  • the present process is in these respects most favourable. It is based on generally cheap reagents and ordinary solvents. The separation generally takes place by distillatiori. The total yield according to the present process is based on propargyl alcohol and isobutyraldehyde, which are both cheap chemicals.
  • 2,2-dimethyl-3,4-pentadienal (1a) was prepared according to US-patent 3,236,869 from propargyl alcohol and isobutyraldehyde in tetraline or 1,3-diisopropylbenzene with p-toluene sulphonic acid as catalyst. Yield 34 ⁇ 39%.
  • the product 1a was characterized by GC, NMR and IR. Bp. 131°C (lit. 131°C).
  • 2,2,5-trimethyl-3,4-hexadienal (1b) was prepared according to Bly et al (see above) from 2-methyl-3- butyn-2-ol, isobutyraldehyde, benzene and catalytic amounts of p-toluene sulphonic acid. Distillation gave a yield of 50% (lit. 38%).
  • the product 1b was characterized by GC (>98% pure), NMR and IR. Bp. 103°C/100 mm Hg (lit. 96-9 0 C/104 mm Hg).
  • 2,5,5,8-tetramethylnona-1,6,7-trien-4-ol (2b) was prepared as described for 2a from 8.72 g (0.36 mole) of Mg, 32.65 g (0.36 mole) of ⁇ -methylallyl chloride and 16.61 g (0.12 mole) of 1b. The work up resulted in 21.44 g (92%) of 2b.. Bp. 61 ⁇ 2°C/0.3 mm Hg, n D 16 1.4810.
  • the ketolactone 6 (3.20 g, 17.6 mmoles) was suspended in 70 ml of dry ether and cooled to -60°C. 39 ml of 1.0 M (39 mmoles) diisobutylaluminium hydride in hexane were added dropwise with stirring. The temperature of the solution was kept between -70 and -60°C. The solution was stirred at this temperature for about 2 hours. 64 ml of saturated NH 4 CI solution were slowly added dropwise before the solution was heated to 0°C, and it was then acidified with 46 ml of 4N HCI. The solution was further stirred for 1.5 hours.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Transition And Organic Metals Composition Catalysts For Addition Polymerization (AREA)
  • Medicines That Contain Protein Lipid Enzymes And Other Medicines (AREA)
  • Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
  • Heterocyclic Carbon Compounds Containing A Hetero Ring Having Oxygen Or Sulfur (AREA)

Abstract

New process for preparing the pheromone active compound lineatin (3,3,7-trimethyl-2,9-dioxatricyclo AD3,3,1,04,7 BD-nonane), by reacting a 2,2-dimethyl-3,4-pentadienal of formula (1), in which R1 and R2 is each hydrogen or lower alkyl, with beta-methylallyl magnesium halide; the formed 2,5,5-trimethylocta-1,6,7-trien-4-ol derivative of formula (2) is subjected to oxidation which does not attack the double bonds; the formed 2,5,5-trimethylocta-1,6,7-trien-4-one derivative of formula (3) is subjected to pyrolysis; the formed 1,4,4-trimethyl-6-methylenebicyclo AD3,2,0 BDheptan-3-one derivative of formula (4) is subjected to oxidation; the resulting 5,5,9-trimethyl-2,6-dioxa-7-oxo-bicyclo AD4,2,0 BDoctylspiro AD2,7 BD-decane derivative of formula (5) is subjected to oxidation; the resulting 1,5,5-trimethyl-4-oxabicyclo AD4,2,0 BD-octan-3,7-dione of formula (6) is reduced in a per se known manner to lineatin of formula (7). Compounds (2), (3), (4) and (5) are novel.

Description

  • It is known that lineatin is a pheromone which attracts certain species of ambrosia beetles (Trypodendron). This attraction is particularly strong when lineatin is used in admixture with certain other chemical substances, for instance as described in our Norwegian patent 144.029.
  • There are described several processes for the preparation of lineatin, and the following may be mentioned:
    • A. Borden, J. H.; Handley, J. R.; Johnston, B. D.; MacConnell, J. G.; Silverstein, R. M.; Slessor, K. N.; Swigar, A. A. and Wong, D. T. W. J. Chem. Ecol. 5 (1979) 681.
    • B. Mori, K. and Sasaki, M. Tetrahedron Lett. (1979) 1329.
    • C. Idem. Tetrahedron 36 (1980) 2197.
    • D. Slessor, K. N.; Oehlschlager, A. C.; Johnston, B. D.; Pierce, H. D. Jr.; Grewal, S. K. and Wickremesinghe, L. K. G. J. Org. Chem. 45 (1980) 2290.
    • E. KcKay, W.; Ounsworth, J.; Sum, P.-E. and Weiler, L, Can. J. Chem. 60 (1982) 872.
    • F. Mori., K.; Uematsu, T.; Minobe, M. and Yanagi, K. Tetrahedron Lett. 23 (1982) 1921.
    • G. White, J. D., Avery, M. A. and Carter, J. P. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 104 (1982) 5486. None of these known processes can be considered as satisfactory with respect to yield, economy and simple operation. Thus, several are carried out by using photochemical reactions, which may easily give rise to considerable problems, particularly when carried out in large scale.
  • According to the invention there has been found a new process which leads to the desired lineatin with satisfactory yield by using commercially available cheap reagents and solvents, without using photochemical reactions.
  • The process according to the invention may be illustrated as follows:
    Figure imgb0001
    R1 and R2 may be hydrogen or lower alkyl. The examples illustrate R1=R2=H (a) and R,=R2=CH3 (b).
  • The preparation of 1 may be carried out in a perse known manner (US-patent 3,236,869) by reacting isobutyraldehyde with propargylalcohol (R,=R2=H) or a suitable derivative thereof in the presence of a catalyst such as p-toluene sulfonic acid.
    • Step i
  • The preparation of the newcompound2 suitably takes place in a perse known manner (Bly etal, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 91 (1969) 3292) by reacting 1 with a suitable Grignard reagent, such as β-methyl allylmagnesium chloride.
    • Step ii
  • The preparation of the new compound 3 also takes place in a per se known manner [Brown et a/, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 83 (1961) 2952 and J. Org. Chem., 36 (1971) 387] by oxidizing 2 with a mild oxidizing agent which oxidizes the secondary hydroxyl group to a keto group without attacking the double bond in 2. Suitable oxidizing agents are for instance bichromate, Jones reagent and DMSO. Preferably the oxidation is carried out with chromate or dichromate in an acidic medium.
    • Step iii
  • The preparation of the new compound 4 from 3 is an important feature of the invention.
  • Here the reaction is a thermal intramolecular cycloaddition in which the reaction conditions are dependant upon several factors, including the groups R, and R2. In order to attain complete reaction it is necessary that the compound 3 is kept for some time at a specific temperature. In practice the reaction may be carried out by distilling the compound through a suitably heated tube under reduced pressure. Too high temperatures, such as above 550°C, may result in excessive amounts of other products such as 8 due to competing reactions, while too low temperatures, such as below 400°C, will result in incomplete reaction. The lower the reaction temperature is, the longer the reaction time must be. The reaction time may for instance be adjusted by varying the pressure when the compound-3 is distilled through a heated tube, since higher pressure will result in a longer residence time in the reactor. Normally the pressure is kept lower than 10 mm Hg. It is also possible to extend the residence time (reaction time) by using a longer reactor and/or increase the resistance therein. In general and for instance when R,=R2=H and the length and the diameter of the tube are 60 cm and 2.5 cm respectively, and it is packed with silica wool, the suitable temperature will be 470-510°C, preferably 480-500°C, in particular about 490°C.
    • Step iv
  • Compound 4 is converted to the new compound 5 by simultaneous ring expansion of the cyclopentane ring and oxidation of the double bond by means of an organic peracid such as an optionally substituted perbenzoic acid or pertrifluoro acetic acid.
    • Step v
  • Compound 5 is converted to compound 6 by further oxidation using a periodate in an acidic medium.
    • Step vi
  • The conversion of compound 6 to lineatin 7 takes place in a known manner by reduction, for instance as described in E above with diisobutyl aluminium hydride.
  • Among the previously suggested syntheses of lineatin only six may be compared with the present process, since Borden et al (A) does not give any yield or experimental details for the synthesis.
  • In the following a comparison has been made between the syntheses by considering a) number of steps, b) percent total yield from commercially available starting materials and c) photochemical step. The latter has been included since it may present great problems to carry out photochemical reactions in a larger scale as mentioned above. They also require special equipment.
    Figure imgb0002
  • The present process is clearly superior according to this comparison. There are of course other factors which are essential, such as the price of reagents and solvents used, methods of separation and difficulty in carrying out the operations. The present process is in these respects most favourable. It is based on generally cheap reagents and ordinary solvents. The separation generally takes place by distillatiori. The total yield according to the present process is based on propargyl alcohol and isobutyraldehyde, which are both cheap chemicals.
  • Examples of the individual process steps are given below.
  • Unless otherwise is mentioned, the NMR spectra have been recorded on a Varian 60 MHz instrument.
    • Example 1
  • 2,2-dimethyl-3,4-pentadienal (1a) was prepared according to US-patent 3,236,869 from propargyl alcohol and isobutyraldehyde in tetraline or 1,3-diisopropylbenzene with p-toluene sulphonic acid as catalyst. Yield 34―39%. The product 1a was characterized by GC, NMR and IR. Bp. 131°C (lit. 131°C).
    • Example 2
  • 2,2,5-trimethyl-3,4-hexadienal (1b) was prepared according to Bly et al (see above) from 2-methyl-3- butyn-2-ol, isobutyraldehyde, benzene and catalytic amounts of p-toluene sulphonic acid. Distillation gave a yield of 50% (lit. 38%). The product 1b was characterized by GC (>98% pure), NMR and IR. Bp. 103°C/100 mm Hg (lit. 96-90C/104 mm Hg).
    • Example 3
  • 2,5,5-trimethylocta-1,6,7-trien-4-ol (2a). 300 ml of absolute ether were added to 7.29 g (0.30 mole) of dry Mg, the mixture was cooled to 15 ± 1°C, and 27.19 g (0.30 mole) freshly distilled β-methylallyl chloride were added. The mixture was stirred overnight at the same temperature. The white suspension was cooled to 0°C, and 11.03 g (0.10 mole) la in 150 ml absolute ether were added dropwise during 1 hour. The mixture was stirred at 0°C for 4 hours (reaction monitored on GC). 37 ml of saturated NH4CI solution were added with vigorous stirring. The solution was decanted from the magnesium salts which were washed several times with ether. The combined ether phases were dried (MgS04). Distillation gave 14.22 g (91 %) 2a, b.p. 60-1°C/1.5 mm Hg.
  • IR (film): 3580 (m), 3490 (m), 3085 (m), 2980 (s), 2945 (s), 2885 (m), 1960 (s), 1653 (m), 1465 (m), 1395 (m), 1382 (m), 1300 (m), 1270 (m), 1180 (m), 1068 (s), 997 (m), 893 (s), 847 (s), 645 (w) cm-1. 1H NMR (CCl4) 5 1.02 (s, 6H), 1.53 (bs, 1H), 1.73 (bs, 3H), 1.88-2.22 (m, 2H), 3.30 (dd, J1 3Hz, J2 10Hz, 1 H), 4.56―5.23 (m, 5H).
    • Example 4
  • 2,5,5,8-tetramethylnona-1,6,7-trien-4-ol (2b) was prepared as described for 2a from 8.72 g (0.36 mole) of Mg, 32.65 g (0.36 mole) of β-methylallyl chloride and 16.61 g (0.12 mole) of 1b. The work up resulted in 21.44 g (92%) of 2b.. Bp. 61―2°C/0.3 mm Hg, nD 16 1.4810.
  • IR (film): 3474 (s), 3070 (m), 2960 (s), 2860 (s), 2705 (w), 1966 (m), 1642 (m), 1437 (s), 1361 (s), 1287 (m), 1183 (m), 1058 (s), 1010 (m), 884 (s), 806 (m) cm-1. 1H NMR (CCl4): δ 0.95 (s, 6H), 1.50―2.43 (m, 11H), 2.98 (bs, 1H), 3.28 (dd, J1 3Hz, J2 10Hz,, 1 H), 4.67-5.00 (m, 3H).
    • Example 5
  • 2,5,5-trimethylocta-1,6,7-trien-4-one (3a). Brown's oxidation method (see Brown et al above) was used. The oxidizing reagent was prepared as described in the literature. 35.20 g (0.21 mole) of 2a were dissolved in a 100 ml of ether, and with vigorous stirring the oxidation reagent was added very slowly until the alcohol had reacted according to GC (about 4 days). 355 ml of the reagent (corresponding to 0.234 mole of Na2Cr2O7) had then been added.
  • The organic phase was separated, and the aqueous phase was extracted with ether (3 x 75 mi). The combined organic phases were extracted with saturated NaHC03 (1 x 75 ml) and water (1 x 50 ml), dried (MgS04), evaporated and distilled. The yield was 30.90 g (90%) of 3a.
  • Jones oxidation was carried out on 2a. A large excess of the oxidizing agent had to be added for complete reaction, which resulted in a more difficult work up than by Brown's method and which also gave a poorer yield (78%). 3a, b.p. 63-5°C/3.5 mm Hg.
  • IR (film): 3085 (m), 2980 (s), 2940 (s), 1957 (s), 1715 (s), 1653 (m), 1467 (m), 1391 (m), 1370 (m), 1325 (m), 1225 (w), 1153 (w), 1060 (m), 1035 (m), 1003 (w), 892 (s), 847 (s), 787 (w) cm-1. 1H NMR (CDCl4): 6 1.23 (s, 6H), 1.72 (bs, 3H), 3.23 (s, 2H), 4.63-5.33 (m, 5H).
  • The 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazone of 3a (recrystallized from ethanol), m.p. 63-4°C.
    • Example 6
  • 2,5,5,8-tetramethylnona-1,6,7-trien-4-one (3b), was prepared as described for 3a from 10.00 g (51,5 mmole) of 2b. Work up as above gave 8.9 g (90%) of 3b, bp. 70-2°C/0.5 mm Hg, nD 16 1.4754.
  • IR (film): 3073 (m), 2966 (s), 1961 (w), 1778 (w), 1702 (s), 1647 (m), 1442 (s), 1361 (s), 1314 (s), 1239 (m), 1187 (m), 1055 (s), 1011 (m), 967 (w), 942 (w), 885 (s), 837 (w), 801 (m) cm-1. 1H NMR (CCl4: δ 1.17 (s, 6H), 1.70 (s, 6H), 1.73 (s, 3H), 3.14 (s, 2H), 4.57-5.03 (m, 3H).
    • Example 7
  • 1,4,4-trimethyl-6-methylenebicyclo[3.2.0]heptan-3-one (4a). 5.00 g (32.4 mmole) of 3a were distilled through a 60 cm long quartz tube packed with 14 g of silica wool and heated to 490 ± 5°C at 0.5 mm Hg. The reaction was monitored by allene absorption on IR. After distillation twice all the allene had reacted. Two products 4a and 8 of 60 and 20% percent respectively, dominated the mixture which was distilled through a good column (Fischer Spaltrohr, 60 theoretical bottoms). 41.4 g of a 5% (w/w) ethanolic (96%) AgNO3 solution were added to the distillate, and after some hours 8 had been precipitated as the silver acetylide (9) (not shown). It was filtered off and air dried. The filtrate was concentrated by distillation at atmospheric pressure. Distillation gave 2.31 g (46%) of 4a, bp. 69-70°C (4 mm Hg), mp -23 to -20°C. Analysis:
    • Calculated for C11H16O: C 80.44, H 9.82
    • Found: C 79.69, H 9.60%.
  • 4a: IR (film): 3085 (w), 2970 (s), 2875 (m), 1743 (s), 1718 (m), 1675 (m), 1460 (m), 1382 (m), 1095 (m), 882 (m) cm-1. 1H NMR (CDCI3, 400 mHz), 5 1.08 (s, 3H), 1.09 (s, 3H), 1.43 (s, 3H), 2.28 (d, J 18Hz, 1H), 2.37 (dq, J1 14Hz, J2 2.8Hz, 1 H), 2.57 (2s, J1 18Hz, J2 14Hz, 2H), 2.79 (q, J 2.8Hz, 1 H), 4.88 (q, J1 2.8Hz, J2 4Hz, 1 H), 4.92 (q, J1 2.8Hz, J2 4Hz, 1H). 13C NMR (CDCl3 50.3 MHz): δ 19.1 (CH3), 27.1 (CH3), 27.9 (CH3), 34.4
    Figure imgb0003
    61.6 (-C-H), 111.5 (CH2=), 144.7 (>C=), 221.8 (>C=O). Mp. for the 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazone of 4a: 119-120°C.
  • 2.68 g (6.1 mmoles) of 9 were added to 0.75 g (15.3 mmoles) of NaCN in 5 ml of water, refluxed for 4 hours until all had been dissolved, cooled, extracted with ether, dried (MgS04) and evaporated. This gave 0.92 g of pure 8 while at the same time the silver was recovered. 8: M.p. 61-62°C, Bp. 69-70°C/4 mm Hg.
  • IR (CDCI3): 3315 (s), 2970 (s), 2940 (m), 2885 (m), 2125 (w), 1743 (s), 1468 (m), 1412 (w), 1385 (m), 1375 (m), 1235 (m) cm-1.
  • 'H NMR (CDCI3): 1.13 (s, 3H), 1.15 (s, 3H), 1.20 (s, 3H), 1.25 (s, 3H), 2.25 (s, 2H), 2.27 (d, J 3Hz, 1H), 2.68 (d, J 3Hz, 1 H).
  • '3C NMR (CDCI3, 50.3 MHz) δ 22.8 (CH3), 24.4 (CH3), 27.5 (CH3), 29.5 (CH3), 37.1 (C-4, >C<), 47.9 (C-2, >C<), 51.6 (CH) and 52.1 (CH2), 74.0 (=C-H), 80.6 (-C=), 221.2 (C=O).
    • Example 8
  • 6-isopropylidene-1,4,4-trimethylbicyclo[3.2.0]heptan-3-one (4b). 5.00 g (26.0 mmoles) of 3b were distilled through the same column as used for 3a. The reaction was monitored on GC. The main product 4b was separated by distillation on a good column (Fischer Spalt rohr, 60 theoretical plates) with >97% purity. The yield was 2.55 g (51%). Bp. 68°C/0.2 mm Hg.
  • IR (film): 2920 (s), 2861 (s), 2824 (m), 2721 (w), 1735 (s), 1449 (s), 1409 (m), 1376 (s), 1359 (m), 1303 (m), 1286 (m), 2141 (m), 1206 (m), 1158 (w), 1120 (s), 1085 (m), 1055 (m), 1042 (m), 911 (m), 898 (m), 868 (w), 707 (w) cm-1.
  • 1H NMR (CDCI3): 1.00 (s, 3H), 1.10 (s, 3H), 1.37 (s, 3H), 1.50 (b s, 6H), 2.28 (b s, 3H), 2.40 (b s, 1H), 2.73 (b s,1H).
    • Example 9
  • 5,5,9-trimethyl-2,6-dioxa-7-oxobicyclo[4.2.0]octylspiro[2,7]decane (5a). 2.96 g (18.0 mmoles) of 4a were dissolved in 40 ml of dry CH2Cl2. 8.05 g 81% (corresponding to 6.52 g and 37.8 mmoles) of m-chloroperbenzoic acid (m-CPBA) and 3.86 g (46.0 mmoles) of NaHC03 were mixed and added to the above solution. The mixture was stirred overnight at room temperature, and 35 ml of 10% Na2S203 were then added. After half an hour's stirring, the organic phase was separated, and the aqueous phase was extracted with CH2CI2 (2 x 20 ml). The combined organic phases were washed with a saturated NaHC03 solution (1 x 20 ml) and saturated NaCl solution (1 x 20 ml), dried (MgS04) and evaporated. The crude product weighed 3.58 g (100%) and was pure according to GC. It was used for the next reaction without further purification.
  • 5a: 1H NMR (CDCI3, 98 MHz): 6 1.27 (s, 3H), 1.40 (s, 3H), 1.45 (s, 3H), 2.15 (d, J 13Hz, 1H), 2.36 (d, J 13Hz, 1 H), 2.56―2.81 (m, 4H), 3.42 (d, J 4Hz, 1 H). MS (Cl, isobutane) m/z 197 (M+ + 1).
    • Example 10
  • 3,3,5,5,9-pentamethyl 2,6-dioxa-7-oxobicyclo[4.2.0]octylspiro[2.7]decane (5b) was prepared in the same manner as described for 5a from 0.5 g (2.60 mmoles) of 4b, 1.16 g of 81 % (corresponding to 0.94 g and 5.46 mmoles) m-CPBA and 0.54 g (6.37 mmoles) of NaHC03. Work up as above gave 0.59 g (100%) of the crude product which was pure (GC) and was used directly further.
    • Example 11
  • 1,5,5-trimethyl-4-oxobicyclo[4.2.0]octan-3,6-dione (6)
    • i) From 5a. To a solution of 3.53 g (18 mmoles) 5a in 30 ml of absolute ether, 4.10 g (18 mmoles) of H5106 were added with vigorous stirring. The mixture was stirred overnight, and 5 ml of water were added. The ether phase was separated, and the aqueous phase was extracted with ether (2 x 15 ml). The combined ether phases were extracted with saturated Na2CO3 solution (1 x 20 ml) and saturated NaCl solution (1 x 20 ml), dried (MgS04) and evaporated. The crude product is 3.29 g (100%) of a crystalline compound (mp. 99-100°C) which has the same IR, NMR and MS data as given in the literature (C).
    • ii) From 5b. To a solution of 0.59 g (2.60 mmoles) crude 5b in 5 ml ether 0.60 g (2.60 mmoles) H5lO6 were added in the same manner and worked up as above. The product consisted of 6 and two other compounds. Recrystallization from 6-butyl methyl ether afforded 0.33 g (70%) of 6.
    Example 12 (±) lineatin (7).
  • The ketolactone 6 (3.20 g, 17.6 mmoles) was suspended in 70 ml of dry ether and cooled to -60°C. 39 ml of 1.0 M (39 mmoles) diisobutylaluminium hydride in hexane were added dropwise with stirring. The temperature of the solution was kept between -70 and -60°C. The solution was stirred at this temperature for about 2 hours. 64 ml of saturated NH4CI solution were slowly added dropwise before the solution was heated to 0°C, and it was then acidified with 46 ml of 4N HCI. The solution was further stirred for 1.5 hours. Extraction with ether (4 x 60 ml), washing of the combined ether phases with a saturated NaHC03 solution (1 x 60 ml), drying (MgS04) and evaporation at moderate vacuum (the temperature in the bath was <35°C) resulted in a crude product which upon distillation (bp. 60-62°C/3 mm Hg) gave 2.17 g of 7 (74%). The spectroscopic data were in agreement with those of the literature.
    • Example 13 (±) lineatin (7).
  • LiAl(OBut)3H-reduction of 6. To a stirred solution of 3.99 g (21.9 mmoles) 6 in 300 ml abs. ether at room temperature, 11.4 g (44.9 mmoles) LiAI(OBut)3H were added portion-wise during h. The suspension was stirred overnight and then 60 ml of 4M aqueous HCI were added. The solution was stirred for further 1.5 h. Extraction with ether (3 x 60 ml), washing of the combined ether phases with saturated NaHC03 (1 x 60 ml), drying (MgS04), and careful distillation gave 1.90 g (52%) 7, b.p. 60-2°C/3 mm Hg.

Claims (7)

1. Process for the preparation of lineatin (3,3,7-trimethyl-2,9-dioxatricyclo[3,3,1,04,7]nonane) of the formula
Figure imgb0013
characterized in that
i) a 2,2-dimethyl-3,4-pentadienal of the formula
Figure imgb0014
in which R1 and R2 each is hydrogen or lower alkyl, is reacted with β-methylallyl magnesiumhalide,
ii) the formed 2,5,5-trimethylocta-1,6,7-trien-4-ol derivative of the formula
Figure imgb0015
is subjected to oxidation which does not attack the double bonds,
iii) the formed 2,5,5-trimethylocta-1,6,7-trien-4-one derivative of the formula
Figure imgb0016
is subjected to pyrolysis at 400 to 550°C.
iv) the formed 1,4,4-trimethyl-6-methylene-bicyclo[3,2,0]heptan-3-one derivative of the formula
Figure imgb0017
is subjected to oxidation with an organic peracid,
v) the resulting 5,5,9-trimethyf-2,6-dioxa-7-oxobicycl[4,2,0]octylspiro[2,7]decane derivative of the formula
Figure imgb0018
is subjected to oxidation with a periodate in an acid medium,
vi) the resulting 1,5,5-trimethyl-4-oxabicyclo[4,2,0]octan-3,7-dione of the formula
Figure imgb0019
is reduced to lineatin in a manner known per se.
2. A process according to claim 1, wherein the oxidation of step ii) is carried out with chromate or dichromate in an acidic medium.
3. A process according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the pyrolysis of step iii) is carried out at 470 to 510°C.
4. A process according to claim 3, wherein the pyrolysis of step iv) is carried out at 480 to 500°C.
5. A process according to any preceding claim, wherein R1 and R2 are the same and are hydrogen or methyl.
EP84900899A 1983-03-15 1984-02-27 Process for the preparation of lineatin Expired EP0138849B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT84900899T ATE33840T1 (en) 1983-03-15 1984-02-27 MANUFACTURING PROCESS FOR LINEATIN.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NO830902A NO151935C (en) 1983-03-15 1983-03-15 PROCEDURE FOR PRODUCING LINEATIN.
NO830902 1983-03-15

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