EP0133923B1 - Alarm device for doors and windows - Google Patents

Abstract

1. An alarm device for doors or windows comprising an electrical contact switch (3) which is arranged in a recess (9) in the door or window frame, being masked at least in an outward direction, and a signal means (5) which is connected to the electrical contact switch (3) and which in the switched-on condition, when the window or door is opened, is set in operation by the electrical contact switch (3), wherein the contact switch (3) has at least two fixed contacts (1, 2) which, when the window or door is closed or locked, can be electrically connected together to close or open a circuit by means of an electrically conductive spring contact (4) which is fixedly connected to the one fixed contact (1), whereby the switched-on signal means (5) is rendered inoperative and when the window or door is opened or unlocked the spring contact (4) is separated from the other fixed contact (2) to set the switched-on signal means (5) in operation, characterised in that the spring contact (4) is in the form of a leaf spring of which one end is connected to the one fixed contact (1) and the other end is freely movable and, when the window or door is closed or locked, is in electrically conducting contact with the other fixed contact (2) and, when the window or door is opened or unlocked, is moved away from the fixed contact (2) by the return spring force and which is arranged behind a cover (10; 45) extending perpendicularly to the direction of movement of the leaf springs, and that a carrier (8, 27) to which the contacts (1, 2, 4, 26) are fixed is adjustable in respect of height with respect to the bottom (19) of the recess (9) in which the contact switch (3) is arranged, by means of screws (20, 21; 30, 31) which are rotatable in the carrier (8, 27) and to which the carrier (8, 27) is held.

Description

The invention relates to an alarm device according to the preamble of claim 1.

Such an alarm device is known from GB-A-1 445 705. In this known alarm device, a microswitch is provided in the cavity behind the striking plate of a door lock, which is connected to a circuit together with another destructible electrical conductor. The microswitch is actuated by the door latch when the door is shut off, so that this circuit is closed. For this purpose, a resilient tongue arranged outside the microswitch is pushed through the bolt onto a spring pressure bolt of the microswitch. The resilient tongue protrudes into the opening into which the bolt is pushed when the door is locked. This means that essential functional elements, which are required to actuate the microswitch, are exposed and thus, for. B. by foaming, can be disabled. The microswitch also takes up a relatively large amount of space.

In another alarm device known from DE-B-1 283 124, the contact switch has a current-conducting switch housing housed in a metal housing provided with a screw-on plate. In this a switching plunger made of non-conductive material, in particular plastic, is slidably mounted. The switching plunger carries a current-conducting contact plate at its end opposite the striking plate side surface, which closes the current contact to the signaling device when the striking plate is lifted or bent off the frame wood. When the door is closed, the switching plunger is pressed against the striking plate side surface with the help of an additional compression spring. In this alarm device, the contact switch, which consists of a relatively large number of individual components, is of relatively complex construction. The distance between the contacts must be quite large, otherwise there is a risk that an alarm signal will be triggered even with relatively low vibrations. In addition, the known device should only respond when the window or door is opened by force.

This also applies to other contact switches in known alarm devices to DE-A-20 45 904, DE-A-24 38 817, DE-C-53 154, DE-C-375 699. DE-C-597 733 and US-A -26 60 632).

The object of the invention is therefore to provide an alarm device of the type mentioned, which has an extremely simple and space-saving structure and whose essential parts are protected against inoperative networks.

This object is achieved by the characterizing features of claim 1.

The subclaims contain developments of the invention.

Not only the simple structure, in particular the contact switch, but also its concealed arrangement is advantageous in the invention. The installation of the contact switch in the door or window frame is extremely simple and can also be done by a handyman. The installation can be adjusted to any window or door. In particular, the base plate, on which the two fixed contacts and the spring contact are provided, can be attached in a height-adjustable manner relative to the bottom of the depression in which the contact switch is arranged. This can be done, for example, with the help of screws rotatable in the base plate, e.g. B. mirror screws happen, the underlying thread are designed in the manner of wood screw threads and can be screwed into the material of the door or window frame. Material changes, for example the "working of the wood of the door or window frame that occurs over time, can also be compensated for in this way. It is achieved in this way that the base plate can be arranged as close as possible to the cover plate, which can be designed as a striking plate.

The contact switch can be arranged as a latch lock or as a latch lock in the latch or latch opening of the door or window frame. It is of course also possible to provide the recess in which the contact switch is arranged at another point on the door or window frame. The spring contact is actuated by the latch or bolt or by a striking plate or an actuating element provided on the window or door leaf, so that the circuit is connected. As long as the circuit is switched on, the switched-on signal device is not actuated. However, if the circuit is opened by removing the spring contact from one of the two fixed contacts, the switched-on signaling device is activated. The signal device can be designed in a known manner and can, for example, deliver an acoustic or optical signal.

The circuit is interrupted whenever the actuator by which the spring contact is brought into such a position that it connects the two fixed contacts to one another is removed from the spring contact. If the signaling device is switched on, the latter is then activated.

The alarm device is insensitive to vibrations, which are generated, for example, by passing heavy vehicles or strong gusts of wind. Furthermore, the system responds not only when the door or window is opened by force, but also when it is opened carefully, which is not desired.

If the contact arrangement is designed so that the freely movable end of the leaf spring is movable between two fixed contacts for contacting them, it is possible to close two different circuits. One circuit can then be used for the alarm device and the other circuit can be used for other purposes. In this way, one obtains, without requiring additional space, a variety of possible uses for the alarm device, for example for monitoring the frequency of the door movements or closing and opening operations on the door for statistical purposes or security purposes or the triggering of automatic monitoring systems by the additional circuit and the like.

A suitable carrier for this can be a plastic block which has a cavity in which the contacts are arranged accordingly. At the free end of the leaf spring there is a projection made of electrically non-conductive material, which protrudes through an opening in the plastic block and which is displaced when the door or window is closed and opened. For this purpose, the plastic block can be guided by means of screws on a holding frame, through which a displacement of the plastic block and thus the distance of the leaf spring relative to the actuating element, which acts on the latter when it is closed and opened, is achieved. In this way it can be achieved that the movable end of the leaf spring rests with security when the door or window is closed against the corresponding fixed contact for closing the closed circuit.

• Figur 1 in schematischer Darstellung ein Ausführungsbeispiel, wobei die Anordnung des Kontaktschalters im Tür- bzw. Fensterrahmen und auseinandergezogener Darstellung gezeigt sind ;
• Figur 2 eine Seitenansicht des eingebauten Kontaktschalters mit noch abgehobener Abdeckplatte ;
• Figur 3 in Seitenansicht ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel ;
• Figur 4 die Einzelheit A in Fig. 2 in - vergrößerter Darstellung ;
• Figur 5 eine Ausführungsform in Form eines Kunststoffblockes für den Träger der Kontakte des Kontaktschalters in Seitenansicht;
• Figur 6 in perspektivischer Ansicht einen Halterahmen sowie den in der Fig. 5 dargestellten Kunststoffblock mit den Kontakten vor dem Zusammenbau und
• Figur 7 in perspektivischer Ansicht eine Sicherung für die Halteschrauben, mit denen der als Kunststoffblock in den Figuren 5 und 6 dargestellte Träger an der Rückseite des Halterahmens befestigt ist.

On the basis of the accompanying figures, the invention is explained in more detail using an exemplary embodiment. It shows :

• Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of an embodiment, the arrangement of the contact switch in the door or window frame and exploded view are shown;
• Figure 2 is a side view of the built-in contact switch with the cover plate still raised;
• Figure 3 shows a side view of another embodiment;
• FIG. 4 shows detail A in FIG. 2 in an enlarged representation;
• Figure 5 shows an embodiment in the form of a plastic block for the carrier of the contacts of the contact switch in side view;
• 6 shows a perspective view of a holding frame and the plastic block shown in FIG. 5 with the contacts before assembly and
• Figure 7 is a perspective view of a fuse for the retaining screws with which the carrier shown as a plastic block in Figures 5 and 6 is attached to the back of the holding frame.

In the illustrated embodiment of Figures 1 and 2, a contact switch 3 is installed in a recess 9 of a door or window frame 7. The contact switch has a base plate 8 made of a non-conductive or insulating material as a support for the two fixed contacts 1 and 2. The two contacts 2 and 2 are passed through the base plate 8 and connected to connecting lines 15 and 16 on the rear side of the base plate. which lead to an actuating device 6 for a signal device 5 connected to the actuating device 6.

With the one fixed contact 1 on the base plate 8, one end of a spring contact 4 designed as a leaf spring is electrically conductively and firmly connected. The other end of the spring contact 4 is freely movable and can be brought into conductive connection or contact with the other fixed contact 2. This is done by an actuator 12, which can be designed as a bolt or latch of the closing device of the door or window. The actuator can also be a projection provided on the window or door frame, which presses the spring contact 4 with its free end against the fixed contact 2 when the door or window is closed.

To protect the base plate 8, a cover plate 10 can be provided which has an elongated opening 11 through which the actuating member 12 can be brought into effect on the spring contact 4. When the spring contact 4 is lifted off the fixed contact 2 at one end, as shown in FIG. 2, the spring contact 4 projects into the opening 11 of the cover plate 10. The cover plate 10 is attached to the door by means of screws 17 and 18 or window frame 7 attached. The surface of the cover plate 10 is flush with the surface of the door or window frame 7 surrounding it.

Within the recess 9, the base plate 8 can be adjusted relative to the bottom 19 of the recess 9. This is done with the aid of screws 20 and 21, the thread of which is inserted in sleeves 22 and 23, which are anchored in the material of the door or window frame, for example screwed in. The sleeves 22 and 23 have internal threads into which the thread of the screws 20 and 21 is screwed.

Depending on how deep the screws 20 and 21 are screwed into the sleeves 22 and 23, there is a “height adjustment” of the base plate 8 relative to the bottom 19 of the recess 9.

This height adjustment ensures that the spring contact 14 is always in the correct position, so that it is pressed into the closed position of the window or door by the actuator 12 with its free end on the fixed contact 2 or is brought into conductive connection .

When the spring contact 4 brings the two fixed contacts 1 and 2 into an electrically conductive connection with one another, the actuating device 6 and the two connections lines 15 and 16 formed a closed circuit. When this closed circuit is closed, the switched-on signal device 5 remains unactuated, ie no alarm signal is triggered.

However, if the actuator 12 is removed from the spring contact 4, the closed circuit is interrupted, whereby the switched-on signal device 5 is put into operation. An acoustic or optical signal can then be emitted by the signal device 5.

The actuating device 6 can be designed as a relay that actuates a switch that is open as long as the closed circuit is closed. When the closed circuit is interrupted, this switch is closed, as a result of which the signaling device 5 is activated. However, it is also possible to design the actuating device 6 as an electronic component, for example as a logic circuit (AND circuit, AND / OR circuit, etc.).

The spring contact 4 preferably has an insulating layer 13, for example made of plastic, at the point at which it comes into contact with the actuating member 12.

This insulating layer is advantageous if the actuator 12 consists of an electrically conductive material. The conductive part of the spring contact 4 is then electrically insulated from the actuator 12 by the isoller layer 13.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 there is a ball 14 between the spring contact 4 and the actuator 12. This ball 14 protrudes into a conically shaped opening 24 in the base plate 8. A spherical part of the ball 14 protrudes beyond the outer plane of the Base plate 8 and can be brought into contact with the actuator 12. The operation of this arrangement is the same as in the embodiment of Figures 1 and 2. Advantageously, the ball 14 is made of non-conductive material. In this way, possible changes in resistance and capacity of the alarm system are avoided, in particular when highly sensitive electronic control devices are used for the actuating device 6 and the signal device 5.

As can be seen from Fig. 4, the screw is rotatably mounted with its head part 25 in the base plate 8, so that a height adjustment of the base plate 8 relative to the bottom 19 of the recess in which the contact switch 3 is mounted is achieved.

In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the carrier for the contacts is designed as a plastic block 27 which has a cavity 28, on the walls of which the contacts 1, 2 and a contact 26 are present. The contacts 1 and 2 correspond to the contacts 1 and 2 in the previous embodiments, i. H. the contacts 1 and 2 are connected to the circuit 6, 15, 16 shown in FIG. 1, for example, while the contacts 1 and 26 are connected to an additional circuit through which, for example, a counting device, a monitoring device or a triggering device for a monitoring device or an additional alarm circuit, which ensures an additional alarm triggering and the like. More can be connected.

The free end of the leaf spring 4 has a projection 29 which projects through an opening 44 in the plastic block 27. The projection 29 projects beyond the front of the plastic block 27 by a small amount, which corresponds at least to the distance between the two contacts 2 and 26. Through the actuator 12, for example a bolt, when the door is closed, the projection 29 in FIG. 5 can be shifted to the right until the leaf spring 4 comes into electrical contact with the contact 2 with its lower free end. When the actuator 12 follows is shifted to the left, under the spring preload the leaf spring 4 also moves to the left until the leaf spring comes into electrically conductive connection with the contact 26, as shown in FIG. 5. This closes the second circuit mentioned above.

In this embodiment, too, the leaf spring 4 is practically completely covered to the outside, specifically by the front block side 45. The decommissioning of the leaf spring by foaming the cavity which is present in front of the front block side 45 with plastic in order to retract the actuating member unnoticed - 12, d. H. Unnoticed opening of the door or window is not possible because the projection 29 together with the free end of the leaf spring 4 under the spring action of the opening movement of the actuator 12 in the open, non-foamed space in which the actuator 12 was previously has, would follow. This means that the breakdown of the essential components of the contact switch is avoided.

This ensures that in the closed position of the actuator 12, the leaf spring 4 with its freely movable end in electrical contact with the contact 2, which is present on the rear wall of the cavity 28 in the plastic block 27, not only the projection 29 is corresponding long dimensioned so that it protrudes at least by the movement distance of the lower end of the leaf spring 4 over the front of the plastic block, but there is also an adjustment option by the screws 30, 31, as will be explained in more detail below.

In order to adjust the distance of the foremost tip of the projection 29 relative to the actuator 12 so that when the actuator 12 moves through it the bottom spring 4 is brought into electrical contact with the fixed contact 2, bores 33, 34 of the Plastic block 27 internal thread, for example in the form provided by cast-in screw sleeves 35, 36. The screws 30, 31 are inserted into the internal thread of these screw sleeves 35 and 36. Instead of the cast-in screw sleeves 35, expansion anchors can also be inserted into the bores 33 and 34 into which the screws 30, 31 are inserted. Through the front openings of the bores 33 and 34, a tool such. B. a screwdriver, insert and insert into the respective screw slot on the conically shaped screw head and twist the screw, whereby not only an attachment of the plastic block 27 is achieved on the holding frame 32 shown in detail in Figure 6, but also an accurate adjustment of the distance of the Insulating block 27 and thus the distance of the leaf spring 4 or the front tip of the projection 29 from the actuator 12, which is movable in the direction of the leaf spring 4 or in the direction of the projection 29 and away from it. This ensures that the freely movable end of the leaf spring 4 comes into contact with the fixed contact 2 by the available displacement path of the actuating member 12 when the actuating member 12 is in the closed position.

When the actuator 12 is returned to the open position, as already mentioned, the leaf spring 4 rests with its front surface in an electrically conductive connection on the fixed contact 26 which is on the front wall of the cavity 28 in the immediate vicinity above the through hole 44 for the Projection 29 is arranged.

As already mentioned, the front ends with which the screws 30 and 31 are inserted into the screw sleeves 35 and 36 are conical in order to make assembly easier. During assembly, the screws 30 and 31 are, as can be seen from FIG. 7 for the upper screw, their thickened rear ends (in FIG. 7 hemispherical end 46) in slots 37, 38 in the rear wall of the holding frame 32 by means of anchored in the screw in front of the reinforced end circumferential groove 49. It is also possible to support the back of the thickened end of the screw against a stop surface which is formed, for example, by a U-shaped part. In this way, it is possible to insert the screws 30 and 31 without tilting into the cast-in screw sleeves 35 and 36 with the aid of a suitable tool inserted between the plastic block 27 and the side walls of the holding frame 32 with the preferably conical ends of the screws 30 and 31 . Of course, it is also possible to make the one screw, in particular the upper screw 30, longer than the other, or to use a template as an assembly aid. The thickened ends of the screws 30 and 31 lie, as can be seen from FIG. 7, on the rear outside of the rear wall of the holding frame 32 and form an abutment during the assembly of the plastic block 27. The plastic block 27 sits on the Bottom part 47 of the holding frame 32. The holding frame 32 is preferably made of sheet metal, and the shaping is achieved by stamping and folding.

In order to obtain the required distance from the material of the door or window frame for the thickened ends on the outside of the rear wall, suitable spacers can be provided on the outside of the rear wall of the holding frame 32 or the distance can be set similar to that in FIGS Figures 2 to 4 is shown with the aid of screws 20, 21, which are inserted in the material of the ster- or door frame anchored sleeves 22, 23, wherein the screws 20, 21 can be designed as M-threaded screws.

To secure the screws against unintentional rotation thereof and thus change the desired set distance of the insulating block 27 from the actuator 12, the screws 30, 31, as shown for the case of the screw 30 in Fig. 7, near it Thickened ends have a square screw part 39. This screw part 39 can also be polygonal. The lateral surfaces of this screw part 39 are alternately electrically conductive and electrically insulating. An electrically conductive leaf spring 40 bears against this polygonal screw part 39, which is fastened to the rear wall of the holding frame 32 with the aid of a non-conductive holder 48. The leaf springs 40 and the polygonal screw part 39 are connected in sabotage circuits, not shown, through which an alarm can be triggered if the screws 30 and 31 are inadvertently turned. This alarm is triggered if, when the screws 30 and 31 are turned, there is a change from one side face to the next following side face, i. H. when the leaf springs 40 abut against a conductive surface when the screws are turned against an electrically non-conductive surface, as a result of which the current in the sabotage circuits is then interrupted and an activated alarm device is activated. Of course, it is also possible that by changing from a non-conductive surface against which the leaf spring 40 rests to a conductive surface, a current is switched into the corresponding circuit, which in turn then sets an alarm device into operation.

As can be seen from FIG. 6, there is a conductive film 42 in a side wall 41 of the holding frame 32, which is connected to a further electrical sabotage circuit, not shown in detail. This conductive film 42 is insulated from the sheet metal of the holding frame 42, which forms the neutral conductor. However, it is also possible to isolate several of them Provided conductive foils 42 in the side wall 41 of the holding frame 32, which are connected in a circuit, not shown. If the holding frame is drilled laterally with the aid of a metal tool, for example a drill, the conductive foils 42 are short-circuited to one another or to the sheet metal holding frame, so that an alarm device can be triggered. In this respect, a lateral protection of the contact switch against lateral drilling and e.g. subsequent foaming is achieved.

Claims (10)

1. An alarm device for doors or windows comprising an electrical contact switch (3) which is arranged in a recess (9) in the door or window frame, being masked at least in an outward direction, and a signal means (5) which is connected to the electrical contact switch (3) and which in the switched-on condition, when the window or door is opened, is set in operation by the electrical contact switch (3), wherein the contact switch (3) has at least two fixed contacts (1, 2) which, when the window or door is closed or locked, can be electrically connected together to close or open a circuit by means of an electrically conductive spring contact (4) which is fixedly connected to the one fixed contact (1), whereby the switched-on signal means (5) is rendered inoperative and when the window or door is opened or unlocked the spring contact (4) is separated from the other fixed contact (2) to set the switched-on signal means (5) in operation, characterised in that the spring contact (4) is in the form of a leaf spring of which one end is connected to the one fixed contact (1) and the other end is freely movable and, when the window or door is closed or locked, is in electrically conducting contact with the other fixed contact (2) and, when the window or door is opened or unlocked, is moved away from the fixed contact (2) by the return spring force and which is arranged behind a cover (10 ; 45) extending perpendicularly to the direction of movement of the leaf springs, and that a carrier (8, 27) to which the contacts (1, 2. 4, 26) are fixed is adjustable in respect of height with respect to the bottom (19) of the recess (9) in which the contact switch (3) is arranged, by means of screws (20, 21 ; 30, 31) which are rotatable in the carrier (8, 27) and to which the carrier (8, 27) is held.

2. An alarm device according to claim 1 characterised in that the freely movable end of the contact (4) which is in the form of a leaf spring is movable between two fixed contacts (2 and 26) for making contact with respective ones thereof and for resulting closure of a respective circuit.

3. An alarm device according to claim 1 or claim 2 characterised in that the carrier (8) which is in the form of a plate is arranged in the recess (9) in the door or window frame (7) and is covered by a cover plate (10) whose outside surface is flush with the surface of the door or window frame around the recess (9) and that the cover plate (10) has an opening (11) through which an actuating member (12) acts on the spring contact (4) when the window or door is closed or locked aqd moves same into the position in which the two fixed contacts (1 and 2) are electrically connected together.

4. An alarm device according to claim 1 characterised in that the screws (20, 21) can be screwed into sleeves (22, 23) anchored in the material of the window or door frame (7).

5. An alarm device according to one of claims 1 to 4 characterised in that

the carrier (8) is in the form of a plastics block (27) having a space (28) therein. in which the contacts (1, 2, 4, 26) are arranged,

provided at the free end of the contact (4) which is in the form of the leaf spring is a projection (29) of non-conducting material, which projects through an opening (28) in the plastics block (27) and which is displaced in the bore (28) by the actuating member (12) when the door or the window is closed, or opened or unlocked respectively, and

by means of the screws (30, 31) which are guided in bores (33, 34) provided with female screwthreads (35, 36), the plastics block (27) is held in a holding frame (32) fitted into the recess (9) in the door or window frame, displaceably relative to the holding frame (32) by means of rotation of the screws (30, 31).

6. An alarm device according to claim 5 characterised in that the screws (30, 31) are anchored to the holding frame (32) at their one ends which are of increased thickness and which are fitted behind slots (37, 38) provided in the holding frame (32).

7. An alarm device according to claim 5 or claim 6 characterised in that the screws (30, 31) are of a square or polygonal configuration at their screw portion (39) adjoining the thickened end and the surfaces of the square or polygonal screw portion (39) are alternately electrically conductive and insulating, and a current-carrying leaf spring (40) bears against the screw portion (39), and that the leaf spring (40) is disposed in a sabotage circuit for triggering off a switched-on alarm means.

8. An alarm device according to one of claims 5 to 7 characterised in that provided in a side wall (41) of the holding frame (32) are one or more electrically conductive foils (42) which substantially overlap the entire side surface of the plastics block (27) and which are disposed in a sabotage circuit by means of which a switched-on alarm device can be triggered off by short-circuiting of the conductive foils (42) to each other or to the holding frame (32) which is in the form of the neutral line.

9. An alarm device according to one of claims 5 to 8 characterised in that the holding frame (32) consists of metal.

10. An alarm device according to one of claims 5 to 9 characterised in that the ends of the screws (30, 31) which are fitted into the female screwthreads (35, 36) in the bores (33, 34) are of a conical configuration.

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