EP0131724A2 - Woven diaphragm for aqueous electrolytes - Google Patents
Woven diaphragm for aqueous electrolytes Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0131724A2 EP0131724A2 EP84106154A EP84106154A EP0131724A2 EP 0131724 A2 EP0131724 A2 EP 0131724A2 EP 84106154 A EP84106154 A EP 84106154A EP 84106154 A EP84106154 A EP 84106154A EP 0131724 A2 EP0131724 A2 EP 0131724A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- diaphragm
- threads
- diaphragm according
- electrolysis
- warp
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 title description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002313 fluoropolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004734 Polyphenylene sulfide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000069 polyphenylene sulfide Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 4
- -1 Polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 description 3
- RFFLAFLAYFXFSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dichlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1Cl RFFLAFLAYFXFSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003490 calendering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000006679 Mentha X verticillata Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000002899 Mentha suaveolens Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000001636 Mentha x rotundifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000009328 Perro Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920013632 Ryton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004736 Ryton® Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012784 inorganic fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B13/00—Diaphragms; Spacing elements
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a woven diaphragm for aqueous electrolytes such as alkali chloride solutions, hydrochloric acid solutions and for the water electrolysis of water mixed with acids and / or alkalis.
- non-woven fibers made of asbestos fibers have been used as diaphragms in alkali chloride electrolysis.
- the need to largely replace asbestos has already led to proposals to use fluorocarbon polymers for diaphragms in the form of fabrics or foils, possibly including inorganic fiber structures.
- PVC fabrics have been used in the diaphragm process for hydrochloric acid electrolysis.
- Polytetrafluoroethylene fiber fabrics which have been rendered hydrophilic by an acid and / or radiation treatment have already been proposed for water electrolysis.
- An ideal diaphragm must meet a variety of requirements, such as resistance to the electrolytes and the reaction products, sufficient porosity for the electrolyte passage, good separation properties for the reaction products and low ohmic resistance.
- the present invention now provides diaphragms which are characterized in particular by their weave.
- the present invention relates to a woven diaphragm for electrolytic processes, which is characterized in that both warp and weft threads consist of multifilament threads, at least the multifilament weft thread being untwisted or up to max. 200 tours, preferably up to max. 50 tours, twisted per meter.
- the warp multifilaments can have a twist of 0 to 400 turns per meter, preferably about 100 to 200 turns per meter.
- Warp and weft threads are preferably woven in plain weave, particularly preferably plain weave,.
- the essentially untwisted or low-speed twisted weft threads give the diaphragm a capillarity that is sufficient porosity for the electrolyte passage with a good separation effect for the electrolysis products.
- PVDF Polyvinylidene fluoride
- PPS polyphenylene sulfide
- Ryton trademark of Philipps Petroleum
- fluorocarbon polymers are polyethylene tetrafluoroethylene and copolymers, or polytetrafluoroethylene, especially for sodium chloride electrolysis.
- threads composed of continuous filaments are used in particular. If twisted threads are used as warp threads, these can also be constructed from staple fibers, weaving with spinning flake auxiliaries and, if appropriate, the auxiliary being subsequently removed. If untwisted continuous threads are used as warp threads, the multifilament must be treated with finishing or layering agents before weaving. A twisting with at least 100 tours / m eliminates the use of such means and the effort for their subsequent removal.
- Preferred diaphragms according to the invention have 4 to 28 wefts per cm, preferably 8 to 20 wefts per cm.
- the titer should be 280 to 1100 dtex, single or double, preferably 300 to 600 dtex, double.
- the individual thread is preferably composed of 20 to 70 individual filaments, preferably 35 to 55 individual filaments.
- the chain preferably consists of 25 to 100 warp threads per cm, particularly preferably 45 to 70 warp threads per cm.
- the titer is preferably also 280 to 1100 dtex, particularly preferably 350 to 700 dtex.
- the warp thread can also have a twist of 0 to 400 turns per meter, preferably 100 to 150 turns per meter.
- Warp and weft are preferably selected within the above limits so that the diaphragm has a density of 200 to 600 g / m 2 , particularly preferably 300 to 500 g / m l .
- the cloth After weaving, the cloth can be compacted by calendering.
- the voltage drop during electrolysis at the diaphragm is increased as a result, but a purer quality of the gaseous electrolysis products is achieved.
- the multifilament is woven in a grosgrain weave with 57 warp threads per cm and 11.5 weft threads twice per cm.
- the diaphragm is installed in a test electrolytic cell with graphite electrodes.
- the graphite electrodes have vertical slots in a known manner.
- the electrodes were 11 cm high and 7.3 cm wide. The distance between the electrodes was 4 mm.
- the diaphragm was clamped between the electrode frames with rubber seals. 23% hydrochloric acid is introduced into the electrode chambers separated by the diaphragm. Depleted 18% hydrochloric acid escapes on the cathode side together with hydrogen and on the anode side together with chlorine.
- the temperature of the hydrochloric acid was 85 ° C.
- the electrolysis was operated with a current density of 5 kA / m2. A voltage drop of 2.32 volts is measured between the electrodes. On the cathode side there was 2.7% chlorine in the hydrogen the purity of the chlorine on the anode side was 99.7%.
- Example 1 The diaphragm used in Example 1 was additionally calendered under heat and pressure. The electrolysis was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1. There was a voltage drop of 2.43 volts. The hydrogen produced on the cathode side had 0.7% chlorine, the purity of the chlorine produced on the anode was 99.5%.
- Example 1 A diaphragm as in Example 1 was used and the electrolysis was carried out in the same way as in Example 1. However, 1% orthodichlorobenzene was added to the hydrochloric acid as an organic impurity. The result was a voltage drop of 2.36 volts, a purity of the chlorine of 99.8% and contamination of the hydrogen gas with 1% chlorine.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
- Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
Abstract
Es wird ein gewebtes Diaphragma für elektrolytische Prozesse beschrieben, bei dem sowohl Kett- als auch Schußfäden aus multifilen Fäden bestehen, wobei die Schußfaden-Multifile unverdrillt oder bis max. 200 Touren/m verdrillt sind.A woven diaphragm for electrolytic processes is described in which both warp and weft threads consist of multifilament threads, the multifilament weft threads being untwisted or up to max. 200 tours / m are twisted.
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein gewebtes Diaphragma für wäßrige Elektrolyte wie Alkalichloridlösungen, Salzsäurelösungen und für die Wasserelektrolyse von mit Säuren und/oder Alkalien versetztem Wasser.The present invention relates to a woven diaphragm for aqueous electrolytes such as alkali chloride solutions, hydrochloric acid solutions and for the water electrolysis of water mixed with acids and / or alkalis.
Bezüglich der Technik der Elektrolyse nach dem Diaphragmaverfahren wird auf die einschlägige Handbuchliteratur, wie den Aufsatz von Hund und Minz in: Winnacker-Küchler: "Chemische Technologie", Band 2 "Anorganische Technologie I", S. 379 (1982), insbesondere S. 392, S. 404 ff, sowie S. 442 ff, verwiesen.With regard to the technology of electrolysis using the diaphragm method, reference is made to the relevant manual literature, such as the essay by Hund and Mint in: Winnacker-Küchler: "Chemische Technologie", Volume 2 "Inorganische Technologie I", p. 379 (1982), in particular p. 392, pp. 404 ff and p. 442 ff.
Als Diaphragmen wurden bisher bei der Alkalichloridelektrolyse insbesondere Wirrfaservliese aus Asbestfasern eingesetzt. Die Notwendigkeit, Asbest weitgehend zu ersetzen, hat auch bereits zu Vorschlägen geführt, Fluorkohlenstoffpolymerisate für Diaphragmen in Form von Geweben oder Folien, gegebenenfalls unter Einschluß anorganischer Faserstrukturen, einzusetzen.So far, in particular, non-woven fibers made of asbestos fibers have been used as diaphragms in alkali chloride electrolysis. The need to largely replace asbestos has already led to proposals to use fluorocarbon polymers for diaphragms in the form of fabrics or foils, possibly including inorganic fiber structures.
Beim Diaphragmaverfahren für die Salzsäureelektrolyse wurden bisher insbesondere PVC-Gewebe eingesetzt.PVC fabrics have been used in the diaphragm process for hydrochloric acid electrolysis.
Für die Wasserelektrolyse wurden bereits Polytetrafluorethylen-Fasergewebe, die durch eine Säure- und/oder Bestrahlungsbehandlung hydrophil gemacht wurden, vorgeschlagen.Polytetrafluoroethylene fiber fabrics which have been rendered hydrophilic by an acid and / or radiation treatment have already been proposed for water electrolysis.
Ein ideales Diaphragma muß eine Vielzahl, einander teilweise wiedersprechender, Anforderungen erfüllen, wie Beständigkeit gegenüber den Elektrolyten und den Reaktionsprodukten, ausreichende Porosität für den Elektrolytdurchtritt, gute Trennwirkung für die Reaktionsprodukte sowie geringen Ohm'schen Widerstand.An ideal diaphragm must meet a variety of requirements, such as resistance to the electrolytes and the reaction products, sufficient porosity for the electrolyte passage, good separation properties for the reaction products and low ohmic resistance.
Die vorliegende Erfindung stellt nun Diaphragmen zur Verfügung, die insbesondere durch ihre Webart gekennzeichnet sind.The present invention now provides diaphragms which are characterized in particular by their weave.
Gegenstand der vorliegenden Erfindung ist ein gewebtes Diaphragma für elektrolytische Prozesse, das dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, daß sowohl Kett- als auch Schußfäden aus multifilen Fäden bestehen, wobei zumindest die Schußfaden-Multifile unverdrillt oder bis max. 200 Touren, vorzugsweise bis max. 50 Touren, pro Meter verdrillt sind. Die Kettfaden-Multifile können eine Verdrillung von 0 bis 400 Touren pro Meter, vorzugsweise etwa 100 bis 200 Touren pro Meter, aufweisen.The present invention relates to a woven diaphragm for electrolytic processes, which is characterized in that both warp and weft threads consist of multifilament threads, at least the multifilament weft thread being untwisted or up to max. 200 tours, preferably up to max. 50 tours, twisted per meter. The warp multifilaments can have a twist of 0 to 400 turns per meter, preferably about 100 to 200 turns per meter.
Kett- und Schußfäden werden vorzugsweise in Leinwandbindung, besonders bevorzugt Leinwanäripsbindung, verwebt.Warp and weft threads are preferably woven in plain weave, particularly preferably plain weave,.
Es wurde gefunden, daß insbesondere die im wesentlichen unverdrillten oder geringtourig verdrillten Schußfäden dem Diaphragma eine Kapillarität verleihen, die eine ausreichende Porosität für den Elektrolytdurchtritt bei gleichzeitig guter Trennwirkung für die Elektrolyseprodukte bereitsteht.It has been found that, in particular, the essentially untwisted or low-speed twisted weft threads give the diaphragm a capillarity that is sufficient porosity for the electrolyte passage with a good separation effect for the electrolysis products.
Die chemische Beständigkeit gegen Elektrolyte und Elektrolyseprodukte wird durch die Auswahl des Fadenmaterials bewirkt. Bevorzugt werden Fluorkohlenstoffpolymerisate, gegebenenfalls mit einer Behandlung zur Hydrophilisierung, eingesetzt. Für die Salzsäureelektrolyse hat sich insbesondere Polyvinylidenfluorid ("PVDF") als besonders geeignet erwiesen, insbesondere wenn organische Verunreinigungen in der zu elektrolysierenden Salzsäure enthalten sind. Eine Hydrophilisierung von PVDF ist nicht notwendig.The chemical resistance to electrolytes and electrolysis products is brought about by the selection of the thread material. Fluorocarbon polymers, optionally with a treatment for hydrophilization, are preferably used. Polyvinylidene fluoride ("PVDF") in particular has proven to be particularly suitable for the hydrochloric acid electrolysis, in particular if organic impurities are present in the hydrochloric acid to be electrolyzed. Hydrophilization of PVDF is not necessary.
Besonders geeignet ist auch Polyphenylensulfid ("PPS"), das unter dem Warenzeichen Ryton (Warenzeichen der Philipps Petroleum) erhältlich ist.Also particularly suitable is polyphenylene sulfide ("PPS"), which is available under the trademark Ryton (trademark of Philipps Petroleum).
Andere geeignete Fluorkohlenstoffpolymere sind Polyethylentetrafluorethylen und Copolymere, oder Polytetrafluorethylen, insbesondere für die Natriumchloridelektrolyse.Other suitable fluorocarbon polymers are polyethylene tetrafluoroethylene and copolymers, or polytetrafluoroethylene, especially for sodium chloride electrolysis.
Für die unverdrillten Schußfäden werden insbesondere aus Endlosfilamenten aufgebaute Fäden eingesetzt. Werden als Kettfäden verdrillte Fäden eingesetzt, können diese auch aus Stapelfasern aufgebaut sein, wobei mit Spinnflocke-Hilfsmittel verwebt wird und gegebenenfalls später das Hilfsmittel herausgelöst wird. Werden unverdrillte Endlosfäden als Kettfäden eingesetzt muß der Multifil vor dem Weben mit Avivage oder Schichtmitteln behandelt werden. Eine Verdrillung mit mindestens 100 Touren/m erübrigt den Einsatz solcher Mittel und den Aufwand zu ihrer nachträglichen Entfernung.For the untwisted weft threads, threads composed of continuous filaments are used in particular. If twisted threads are used as warp threads, these can also be constructed from staple fibers, weaving with spinning flake auxiliaries and, if appropriate, the auxiliary being subsequently removed. If untwisted continuous threads are used as warp threads, the multifilament must be treated with finishing or layering agents before weaving. A twisting with at least 100 tours / m eliminates the use of such means and the effort for their subsequent removal.
Bevorzugte Diaphragmen nach der Erfindung weisen 4 bis 28 Schußfäden pro cm, vorzugsweise 8 bis 20 Schußfäden pro cm auf. Der Titer soll 280 bis 1100 dtex, einfach oder zweifach, betragen, vorzugsweise 300 bis 600 dtex, zweifach. Dabei ist der Einzelfaden vorzugsweise aus 20 bis 70 Einzelfilamenten, vorzugsweise 35 bis 55 Einzelfilamenten, aufgebaut.Preferred diaphragms according to the invention have 4 to 28 wefts per cm, preferably 8 to 20 wefts per cm. The titer should be 280 to 1100 dtex, single or double, preferably 300 to 600 dtex, double. The individual thread is preferably composed of 20 to 70 individual filaments, preferably 35 to 55 individual filaments.
Die Kette besteht vorzugsweise aus 25 bis 100 Kettfäden pro cm, besonders bevorzugt 45 bis 70 Kettfäden pro cm. Der Titer beträgt vorzugsweise ebenfalls 280 bis 1100 dtex, besonders bevorzugt 350 bis 700 dtex. Der Kettfaden kann ferner eine Verdrillung von 0 bis 400 Touren pro Meter, vorzugsweise 100 bis 150 Touren pro Meter, aufweisen.The chain preferably consists of 25 to 100 warp threads per cm, particularly preferably 45 to 70 warp threads per cm. The titer is preferably also 280 to 1100 dtex, particularly preferably 350 to 700 dtex. The warp thread can also have a twist of 0 to 400 turns per meter, preferably 100 to 150 turns per meter.
Kette und Schuß werden im Rahmen der o.g. Grenzen vorzugsweise so ausgewählt, daß das Diaphragma eine Dichte von 200 bis 600 g/m2, besonders bevorzugt 300 bis 500 g/ml aufweist.Warp and weft are preferably selected within the above limits so that the diaphragm has a density of 200 to 600 g / m 2 , particularly preferably 300 to 500 g / m l .
Nach dem Weben kann eine Verdichtung des Tuches durch Kalandrieren erfolgen. Der Spannungsabfall bei der Elektrolyse am Diaphragma wird dadurch zwar erhöht, jedoch wird eine reinere Qualität der gasförmigen Elektrolyseprodukte erreicht.After weaving, the cloth can be compacted by calendering. The voltage drop during electrolysis at the diaphragm is increased as a result, but a purer quality of the gaseous electrolysis products is achieved.
Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand von Beispielen näher erläutert:The invention is explained in more detail below with the aid of examples:
Es wird ein Multifilament aus Polyvinylidenfluorid, bestehend aus 42 Einzelfilamenten und einem Titer von 550 dtex eingesetzt, für den Schußfaden unverdrillt, für den Kettfaden mit 130 Touren pro Meter verdrillt.A multifilament made of polyvinylidene fluoride, consisting of 42 individual filaments and a titer of 550 dtex, is used, untwisted for the weft thread, twisted at 130 turns per meter for the warp thread.
Das Multifilament wird in Leinwandripsbindung verwebt mit 57 Kettfäden pro cm und 11,5 Schußfäden zweifach pro cm.The multifilament is woven in a grosgrain weave with 57 warp threads per cm and 11.5 weft threads twice per cm.
Das Diaphragma wird in eine Versuchselektrolysezelle mit Graphitelektroden eingebaut. Die Graphitelektroden weisen in bekannter Weise vertikale Schlitze auf. Die Elektroden wiesen eine Höhe von 11 cm und eine Breite von 7,3 cm auf. Der Abstand der Elektroden betrug 4 mm. Das Diaphragma war mit Gummidichtungen zwischen den Elektrodenrahmen eingespannt. In die durch das Diaphragma getrennten Elektrodenkammern wird 23 %ige Salzsäure eingeführt. Auf der Kathodenseite tritt zusammen mit Wasserstoff und auf der Anodenseite zusammen mit Chlor die verarmte Salzsäure 18 %ig aus. Die Temperatur der Salzsäure betrug 85°C. Die Elektrolyse wurde mit einer Stromdichte von 5 kA/m2 betrieben. Zwischen den Elektroden wird ein Spannungsabfall von 2,32 Volt gemessen. Auf der Kathcdenseite ergab sich ein Gehalt von 2,7 % Chlor im Wasserstoff die Reinheit des Chlors auf der Anodenseite betrug 99,7 %.The diaphragm is installed in a test electrolytic cell with graphite electrodes. The graphite electrodes have vertical slots in a known manner. The electrodes were 11 cm high and 7.3 cm wide. The distance between the electrodes was 4 mm. The diaphragm was clamped between the electrode frames with rubber seals. 23% hydrochloric acid is introduced into the electrode chambers separated by the diaphragm. Depleted 18% hydrochloric acid escapes on the cathode side together with hydrogen and on the anode side together with chlorine. The temperature of the hydrochloric acid was 85 ° C. The electrolysis was operated with a current density of 5 kA / m2. A voltage drop of 2.32 volts is measured between the electrodes. On the cathode side there was 2.7% chlorine in the hydrogen the purity of the chlorine on the anode side was 99.7%.
Das in Beispiel 1 eingesetzte Diaphragma wurde zusätzlich unter Hitze und Druck kalandert. Die Elektrolyse wurde in gleicher Weise wie in Beispiel 1 durchgeführt. Es ergab sich ein Spannungsabfall von 2,43 Volt. Der kathodenseitig entstehende Wasserstoff wies 0,7 % Chlor auf, die Reinheit des an der Anode entstehenden Chlors betrug 99,5 %.The diaphragm used in Example 1 was additionally calendered under heat and pressure. The electrolysis was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1. There was a voltage drop of 2.43 volts. The hydrogen produced on the cathode side had 0.7% chlorine, the purity of the chlorine produced on the anode was 99.5%.
Es wurde ein Diaphragma wie in Beispiel 1 eingesetzt und die Elektrolyse in gleicher Weise wie in Beispiel 1 durchgeführt. Der Salzsäure wurde jedoch 1 % Orthodichlorbenzol als organische Verunreinigung zugesetzt. Es ergab sich ein Spannungsabfall von 2,36 Volt, eine Reinheit des Chlors von 99,8 % sowie eine Verunreinigung des Wasserstoffgases mit 1 % Chlor.A diaphragm as in Example 1 was used and the electrolysis was carried out in the same way as in Example 1. However, 1% orthodichlorobenzene was added to the hydrochloric acid as an organic impurity. The result was a voltage drop of 2.36 volts, a purity of the chlorine of 99.8% and contamination of the hydrogen gas with 1% chlorine.
Claims (10)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19833321159 DE3321159A1 (en) | 1983-06-11 | 1983-06-11 | WOVEN DIAPHRAGMA FOR AQUEOUS ELECTROLYTE |
DE3321159 | 1983-06-11 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0131724A2 true EP0131724A2 (en) | 1985-01-23 |
EP0131724A3 EP0131724A3 (en) | 1986-10-22 |
EP0131724B1 EP0131724B1 (en) | 1988-08-10 |
Family
ID=6201252
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP84106154A Expired EP0131724B1 (en) | 1983-06-11 | 1984-05-30 | Woven diaphragm for aqueous electrolytes |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4539082A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0131724B1 (en) |
DD (1) | DD222045A5 (en) |
DE (2) | DE3321159A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4804449A (en) * | 1986-02-25 | 1989-02-14 | Sweeney Charles T | Electrolytic cell |
US4707228A (en) * | 1986-06-06 | 1987-11-17 | Treadwell Corporation | Diaphragm for electrolytic and electrochemical cells |
IT1205166B (en) * | 1987-06-22 | 1989-03-15 | Testori Spa Flli | POROUS SEPARATOR ELEMENT COMPLETELY CONSTITUTED BY POLYPHENYLENE SULFIDE, FOR WATER ELECTROLYSIS |
FR2617872B1 (en) * | 1987-07-09 | 1989-11-24 | Rhone Poulenc Chimie | WOVEN DIAPHRAGM BASED ON VINYL POLYCHLORIDE; A PROCESS FOR ITS OBTAINMENT AND ITS USE IN THE ELECTROLYSIS OF HYDROCHLORIC ACID |
DE102006023261A1 (en) | 2006-05-18 | 2007-11-22 | Bayer Materialscience Ag | Process for the production of chlorine from hydrogen chloride and oxygen |
CN101372752B (en) * | 2007-08-21 | 2010-12-08 | 天津工业大学 | High temperature resistant alkaline water electrolytic cell barrier diaphragm and preparation thereof |
CN102149955A (en) * | 2008-09-08 | 2011-08-10 | 美国圣戈班性能塑料公司 | Sanitary coupling assembly |
CN103938337A (en) * | 2013-01-18 | 2014-07-23 | 东丽纤维研究所(中国)有限公司 | Diaphragm cloth for water electrolyser and method for producing diaphragm cloth |
US20190078221A1 (en) * | 2016-04-18 | 2019-03-14 | Toray Fibers&Textiles Research Laboratories (China) Co., Ltd. | Polyphenylene sulfide woven fabric for water electrolyser and manufacturing method thereof |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2942327A (en) * | 1957-08-15 | 1960-06-28 | Landers Corp | Coated fabric |
GB1036416A (en) * | 1962-05-28 | 1966-07-20 | Miles Lab | Improvements in or relating to electrolytic oxidation |
FR1470721A (en) * | 1965-03-04 | 1967-02-24 | Bayer Ag | Process for the preparation of olefin oxides |
EP0031724A2 (en) * | 1979-12-27 | 1981-07-08 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Reinforced membranes, process and apparatus for making them, and use thereof as ion-exchange membranes in chlor-alkali cells or as catalysts |
EP0068226A1 (en) * | 1981-06-16 | 1983-01-05 | Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft | Diaphragm for water electrolysis |
-
1983
- 1983-06-11 DE DE19833321159 patent/DE3321159A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1984
- 1984-05-30 DE DE8484106154T patent/DE3473302D1/en not_active Expired
- 1984-05-30 EP EP84106154A patent/EP0131724B1/en not_active Expired
- 1984-06-06 US US06/617,691 patent/US4539082A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1984-06-08 DD DD84263968A patent/DD222045A5/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US2942327A (en) * | 1957-08-15 | 1960-06-28 | Landers Corp | Coated fabric |
GB1036416A (en) * | 1962-05-28 | 1966-07-20 | Miles Lab | Improvements in or relating to electrolytic oxidation |
FR1470721A (en) * | 1965-03-04 | 1967-02-24 | Bayer Ag | Process for the preparation of olefin oxides |
EP0031724A2 (en) * | 1979-12-27 | 1981-07-08 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Reinforced membranes, process and apparatus for making them, and use thereof as ion-exchange membranes in chlor-alkali cells or as catalysts |
EP0068226A1 (en) * | 1981-06-16 | 1983-01-05 | Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft | Diaphragm for water electrolysis |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE3321159A1 (en) | 1984-12-13 |
EP0131724B1 (en) | 1988-08-10 |
DD222045A5 (en) | 1985-05-08 |
EP0131724A3 (en) | 1986-10-22 |
US4539082A (en) | 1985-09-03 |
DE3473302D1 (en) | 1988-09-15 |
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