EP0127078B1 - Watch case - Google Patents
Watch case Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0127078B1 EP0127078B1 EP84105613A EP84105613A EP0127078B1 EP 0127078 B1 EP0127078 B1 EP 0127078B1 EP 84105613 A EP84105613 A EP 84105613A EP 84105613 A EP84105613 A EP 84105613A EP 0127078 B1 EP0127078 B1 EP 0127078B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- watch case
- layer
- coating
- glass
- copper
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000000873 masking effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000589 SAE 304 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000001464 adherent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052594 sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010980 sapphire Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007738 vacuum evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010963 304 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001316 Ag alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004320 controlled atmosphere Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005240 physical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
- G04B39/00—Watch crystals; Fastening or sealing of crystals; Clock glasses
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a watch case and it relates more particularly to a watch case which comprises a crystal welded to a metallic element of the box, such as for example a bezel or a middle part.
- Such a watch case is known for example from European patent application 0 066 538, which teaches to produce, under the glass, in its part located opposite the metallic element of the case, a particular metallic coating.
- This metallic coating consists of different superposed levels, the first of which is formed by a masking layer, for example of gold, chromium or nickel, the object of which is to safeguard the aesthetics of the box shown by masking the welding area.
- a second level of the coating is constituted by a stop layer, for example a layer of chromium, which blocks the diffusion of the solder towards the watch glass and thus prevents it from altering the appearance of the first level of the coating.
- a third level consisting for example of a layer of copper or gold, is superimposed on the previous level, to ensure good adhesion of the solder material to the coating thus formed under the ice.
- Such a structure has been shown to be particularly effective for the production of aesthetic watch cases, in which a crystal is welded by welding at low temperature to a metallic element.
- low temperature welding is actually meant brazing by means of a filler material, for example a silver or copper alloy, the melting temperature of which is less than 550 ° C. and preferably between 180 ° C and 250 ° C.
- the mechanical strength of these assemblies is excellent, the corresponding breakout force being of the order of 6 kg / mm 2.
- the object of the present invention is therefore to provide a watch case of the previous type, but in which the metal coating has been adapted so as to also allow welding of the watch case at high temperature.
- the coating comprises an outer layer of the same material as that of the metallic element.
- This outer layer is preferably made of stainless steel.
- an intermediate layer with a thickness of a few microns to a few tenths of a mm of a malleable material, that is to say easily deformable, such as for example gold, copper, or copper-based alloys.
- This intermediate layer also has the effect of avoiding deterioration of the masking layer during the formation of the outer layer, and of promoting the attachment of the outer layer.
- a watch case comprising a crystal 1, for example made of sapphire, welded to a metal element 2 constituted for example by a middle part or a bezel.
- the glass comprises, in its part located opposite the metal element 2, a metal coating generally referenced 3.
- the coating 3 therefore extends between the glass 1 and a layer of solder material 4 which comes into direct contact with the metal element 2.
- the coating 3 comprises an outer layer 5, which is made of the same material as the element 2.
- this material consists of stainless steel, the steel corresponding to the American standard AISI 304 being particularly well suited for this use.
- an intermediate layer 6 with a thickness of a few microns, for example 100 ⁇ m, made of a malleable material.
- This material is preferably made of gold, or, to reduce the cost of the assembly, copper or a copper-based alloy.
- This material itself covers a masking layer 7, of a known type, made for example of gold, chromium or nickel. The thickness of this masking layer is less than one micron and preferably of the order of 0.2) im.
- the glass is introduced into a vacuum enclosure, after its central part has been protected so as to leave only a peripheral zone of its lower surface exposed.
- the vacuum having been made, a first vaporizing a nickel wire provides a layer perfectly adherent to the glass mask with a thickness of 0.2 It m.
- a removable copper target is deposited by sputtering, by means of a removable copper target.
- ble a 100 ⁇ m thick layer of copper over the nickel layer.
- the adhesion of the intermediate layer thus formed on the masking layer is improved by a diffusion heat treatment, also carried out in the enclosure, by raising the glass to a temperature between 400 "and 600 ° C. for a period of 20
- the copper target is replaced by an AISI 304 steel target, and a new sputtering operation is carried out until the outer layer thus deposited on the intermediate layer reaches a thickness of 0.3 mm.
- the glass provided with its metallic coating is extracted from the enclosure, and the glass is placed on the telescope, after interposition of a high temperature solder material in the solid state, for example in the form of wires, glitter, etc.
- the assembly thus formed is placed in an oven, for example with a controlled atmosphere, and brought to the melting temperature of the solder material, then cooled.
- the glass is metallized in a conventional enclosure, by vacuum evaporation, so as to deposit an adherent layer, visible from the outside of the box, in nickel, chromium or gold for example, this layer being able to form decorative nets or patterns.
- a stainless layer of about 0.21 m of gold is then deposited.
- the ice then being extracted from the enclosure, and treated to spare its surface which does not have to be coated, it receives, on top of the already formed layer, a layer of copper, deposited by galvanic means, with a thickness of 0.5 mm approximately which is then subjected to a diffusion heat treatment at 420 ° C for 20 min.
- the ice is placed in a suitable PVD enclosure and coated by cathode sputtering with a thickness of 0.5 mm of stainless steel.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Physical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
- Surface Treatment Of Glass (AREA)
- Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)
- Telephone Function (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Piezo-Electric Or Mechanical Vibrators, Or Delay Or Filter Circuits (AREA)
- Electric Clocks (AREA)
- Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
La présente invention concerne une boîte de montre et elle se rapporte plus particulièrement à une boîte de montre qui comprend une glace soudée à un élément métallique de la boîte, comme par exemple une lunette ou une carrure.The present invention relates to a watch case and it relates more particularly to a watch case which comprises a crystal welded to a metallic element of the box, such as for example a bezel or a middle part.
Une telle boîte de montre est connue par exemple par la demande de brevet européen 0 066 538, qui enseigne de réaliser, sous la glace, dans sa partie située en regard de l'élément métallique de la boîte, un revêtement métallique particulier. Ce revêtement métallique est constitué de différents niveaux superposés, dont le premier est formé par une couche de masquage, par exemple d'or, de chrome ou de nickel, dont l'objet est de sauvegarder l'esthétique de la boîte de montré en masquant la zone de soudure. Un deuxième niveau du revêtement est constitué par une couche d'arrêt, par exemple une couche de chrome, qui bloque la diffusion de la soudure vers la glace de montre et ainsi l'empêche d'altérer l'aspect du premier niveau du revêtement. Enfin, un troisième niveau, constitué par exemple par une couche de cuivre ou d'or, est superposé au niveau précédent, pour assurer un bon accrochage du matériau de soudure sur le revêtement ainsi formé sous la glace.Such a watch case is known for example from European patent application 0 066 538, which teaches to produce, under the glass, in its part located opposite the metallic element of the case, a particular metallic coating. This metallic coating consists of different superposed levels, the first of which is formed by a masking layer, for example of gold, chromium or nickel, the object of which is to safeguard the aesthetics of the box shown by masking the welding area. A second level of the coating is constituted by a stop layer, for example a layer of chromium, which blocks the diffusion of the solder towards the watch glass and thus prevents it from altering the appearance of the first level of the coating. Finally, a third level, consisting for example of a layer of copper or gold, is superimposed on the previous level, to ensure good adhesion of the solder material to the coating thus formed under the ice.
Une telle structure s'est montrée particulièrement efficace pour la réalisation de boîtes de montres esthétiques, dans lesquelles une glace est soudée par soudure à basse température à un élément métallique. Par soudure à basse température, on entend en réalité une brasure au moyen d'un matériau d'apport, par exemple un alliage d'argent ou de cuivre, dont la température de fusion est inférieure à 550 °C et de préférence comprise entre 180 °C et 250 °C. La tenue mécanique de ces assemblages est excellente, la force d'arrachement correspondante étant de l'ordre de 6 kg/mm2. Such a structure has been shown to be particularly effective for the production of aesthetic watch cases, in which a crystal is welded by welding at low temperature to a metallic element. By low temperature welding is actually meant brazing by means of a filler material, for example a silver or copper alloy, the melting temperature of which is less than 550 ° C. and preferably between 180 ° C and 250 ° C. The mechanical strength of these assemblies is excellent, the corresponding breakout force being of the order of 6 kg / mm 2.
Toutefois, afin d'améliorer encore cette tenue mécanique et d'atteindre des valeurs de 15 kg/mm2, il est apparu intéressant de réaliser des assemblage par soudure à haute température, c'est-à-dire au moyen d'un matériau d'apport à point de fusion supérieur, par exemple de l'ordre de 600 °C ou plus, du type de ceux couramment utilisés par exemple pour le soudage de pièces d'acier. Toutefois pour réaliser de tels assemblages, les revêtements du type de celui cité ci-dessus ne sont plus appropriés, notamment en raison des contraintes appliquées défait de la température élevée atteinte au moment du soudage.However, in order to further improve this mechanical strength and to reach values of 15 kg / mm 2 , it appeared advantageous to produce assemblies by welding at high temperature, that is to say by means of a material filler with a higher melting point, for example of the order of 600 ° C. or more, of the type of those commonly used for example for the welding of steel parts. However, to produce such assemblies, the coatings of the type cited above are no longer suitable, in particular because of the stresses applied and the high temperature reached at the time of welding.
L'objet de la présente invention est donc de proposer une boîte de montre du type précédent, mais dans laquelle le revêtement métallique a été adapté de façon à permettre également une soudure de la boîte de montre à haute température.The object of the present invention is therefore to provide a watch case of the previous type, but in which the metal coating has been adapted so as to also allow welding of the watch case at high temperature.
L'invention, telle qu'elle est définie dans les revendications, se caractérise en ce que le revêtement comprend une couche extérieure de même matériau que celui de l'élément métallique. Cette couche extérieure est réalisée de préférence en acier inoxydable. L'intérêt de cette mesure est d'adapter les coefficients de dilatation de l'élément métallique sur lequel est soudé la glace et de la couche extérieure du revêtement métallique.The invention, as defined in the claims, is characterized in that the coating comprises an outer layer of the same material as that of the metallic element. This outer layer is preferably made of stainless steel. The advantage of this measurement is to adapt the coefficients of expansion of the metallic element on which the glass is welded and of the outer layer of the metallic coating.
Par ailleurs, pour parfaire l'absorption des ten-, sions provoquées au moment du soudage, on peut prévoir de réaliser, sous cette couche extérieure, et par dessus une première couche de masquage, une couche intermédiaire d'une épaisseur de quelques microns à quelques dixièmes de mm d'un matériau malléable, c'est-à-dire facilement déformable, comme par exemple de l'or, du cuivre, ou des alliages à base de cuivre. Cette couche intermédiaire a également pour effet d'éviter la déterioration de la couche de masquage lors de la formation de la couche extérieure, et de favoriser l'accrochage de la couche extérieure.Furthermore, to perfect the absorption of the tensions caused at the time of welding, provision may be made to produce, under this external layer, and over a first masking layer, an intermediate layer with a thickness of a few microns to a few tenths of a mm of a malleable material, that is to say easily deformable, such as for example gold, copper, or copper-based alloys. This intermediate layer also has the effect of avoiding deterioration of the masking layer during the formation of the outer layer, and of promoting the attachment of the outer layer.
L'invention sera bien comprise à la lecture de la description suivante, faite en référence au dessin joint qui représente en coupe partielle un mode de réalisation particulier de la boîte de montre.The invention will be clearly understood on reading the following description, made with reference to the attached drawing which represents in partial section a particular embodiment of the watch case.
Dans la figure, on a représenté en coupe partielle une boîte de montre comprenant une glace 1, par exemple en saphir, soudée à un élément métallique 2 constitué par exemple par une carrure ou une lunette. La glace comporte, dans sa partie située en regard de l'élément métallique 2, un revêtement métallique généralement référencé 3. Le revêtement 3 s'étend donc entre la glace 1 et une couche de matériau de soudure 4 qui vient en contact direct avec l'élément métallique 2.In the figure, there is shown in partial section a watch case comprising a crystal 1, for example made of sapphire, welded to a metal element 2 constituted for example by a middle part or a bezel. The glass comprises, in its part located opposite the metal element 2, a metal coating generally referenced 3. The
Selon l'invention, le revêtement 3 comporte une couche extérieure 5, qui est réalisée dans le même matériau que l'élément 2. De préférence, ce matériau est constitué par un acier inoxydable, l'acier correspondant à la norme américaine AISI 304 étant particulièrement bien adapté pour cet usage. Sous la couche extérieure 5, d'une épaisseur de quelques microns à quelques dixièmes de mm est prévue une couche intermédiaire 6 d'une épaisseur de quelques microns, par exemple de 100 µm, réalisée en un matériau malléable. Ce matériau est constitué de préférence par de l'or, ou, pour diminuer le coût de l'ensemble, de cuivre ou d'un alliage à base de cuivre. Ce matériau recouvre lui-même une couche de masquage 7, d'un type connu, réalisé par exemple en or, en chrome ou en nickel. L'épaisseur de cette couche de masquage est inférieure au micron et de préférence de l'ordre de 0,2 )im.According to the invention, the
A titre d'exemple non limitatif, on décrira ci-dessous un procédé permettant de réaliser une telle boîte de montre. La glace étant réalisée en un verre saphir, et devant être soudée sur une lunette en acier inoxydable AISI 304, on procède de la manière suivante:By way of nonlimiting example, a method will be described below for making such a watch case. As the crystal is made of a sapphire crystal, and which has to be welded to an AISI 304 stainless steel bezel, the procedure is as follows:
Tout d'abord le verre est introduit dans une enceinte à vide, après que sa partie centrale ait été protégée de manière à ne laisser découverte qu'une zone périphérique de sa surface inférieure. Le vide ayant été réalisé, une première vaporisation d'un fil de nickel permet d'obtenir une couche de masquage parfaitement adhérente au verre, d'une épaisseur de 0,2 Ilm. Ensuite, dans la même enceinte, on dépose par pulvérisation cathodique, au moyen d'une cible de cuivre amovible, une couche de 100 Ilm d'épaisseur de cuivre par dessus la couche de nickel. L'adhérence de la couche intermédiaire ainsi formée sur la couche de masquage est améliorée par un traitement thermique de diffusion, réalisé également dans l'enceinte, en élevant le verre à une température comprise entre 400 "Cet 600 °C pendant une durée de 20 mn. Enfin, la cible de cuivre est remplacée par une cible en acier AISI 304, et une nouvelle opération de pulvérisation cathodique est menée jusqu'au moment où la couche extérieure ainsi déposée sur la couche intermédiaire atteint une épaisseur de 0,3 mm.First of all, the glass is introduced into a vacuum enclosure, after its central part has been protected so as to leave only a peripheral zone of its lower surface exposed. The vacuum having been made, a first vaporizing a nickel wire provides a layer perfectly adherent to the glass mask with a thickness of 0.2 It m. Then, in the same enclosure, is deposited by sputtering, by means of a removable copper target. ble, a 100 µm thick layer of copper over the nickel layer. The adhesion of the intermediate layer thus formed on the masking layer is improved by a diffusion heat treatment, also carried out in the enclosure, by raising the glass to a temperature between 400 "and 600 ° C. for a period of 20 Finally, the copper target is replaced by an AISI 304 steel target, and a new sputtering operation is carried out until the outer layer thus deposited on the intermediate layer reaches a thickness of 0.3 mm.
Ensuite, le verre muni de son revêtement métallique est extrait de l'enceinte, et le verre est placé sur la lunette, après interposition d'un matériau de soudure de haute température à l'état solide, par exemple sous la forme de fils, paillettes, etc. L'ensemble ainsi formé est placé dans un four, par exemple à atmosphère contrôlée, et amenée à la température de fusion du matériau de soudure, puis refroidi.Then, the glass provided with its metallic coating is extracted from the enclosure, and the glass is placed on the telescope, after interposition of a high temperature solder material in the solid state, for example in the form of wires, glitter, etc. The assembly thus formed is placed in an oven, for example with a controlled atmosphere, and brought to the melting temperature of the solder material, then cooled.
Selon une variante, la glace est métallisée dans une enceinte classique, par évaporation sous vide, de manière à déposer une couche adhérente, visible de l'extérieur de la boîte, en nickel, en chrome ou en or par exemple, cette couche pouvant former des filets ou des motifs décoratifs. Par dessus cette couche et toujours par évaporation sous vide, on dépose alors une couche inoxydable de O,21lm environ d'or. La glace étant ensuite extraite de l'enceinte, et traitée pour épargner sa surface ne devant pas être revêtue, elle reçoit, par dessus la couche déjà formée, une couche de cuivre, déposée par voie galvanique, d'une épaisseur de 0,5 mm environ qui est alors soumis à un traitement thermique de diffusion à 420 °C pendant 20 mn. Enfin, la glace est placée dans une enceinte de PVD appopriée et revêtue par pulvérisation cathodique d'une épaisseur de 0,5 mm d'acier inoxydable.According to a variant, the glass is metallized in a conventional enclosure, by vacuum evaporation, so as to deposit an adherent layer, visible from the outside of the box, in nickel, chromium or gold for example, this layer being able to form decorative nets or patterns. Above this layer and still by vacuum evaporation, a stainless layer of about 0.21 m of gold is then deposited. The ice then being extracted from the enclosure, and treated to spare its surface which does not have to be coated, it receives, on top of the already formed layer, a layer of copper, deposited by galvanic means, with a thickness of 0.5 mm approximately which is then subjected to a diffusion heat treatment at 420 ° C for 20 min. Finally, the ice is placed in a suitable PVD enclosure and coated by cathode sputtering with a thickness of 0.5 mm of stainless steel.
Claims (4)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH2743/83 | 1983-05-19 | ||
| CH274383A CH652270GA3 (en) | 1983-05-19 | 1983-05-19 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0127078A1 EP0127078A1 (en) | 1984-12-05 |
| EP0127078B1 true EP0127078B1 (en) | 1987-08-26 |
Family
ID=4240611
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP84105613A Expired EP0127078B1 (en) | 1983-05-19 | 1984-05-17 | Watch case |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4518093A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0127078B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPS59217655A (en) |
| CH (1) | CH652270GA3 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3465642D1 (en) |
| HK (1) | HK100892A (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| IT1231751B (en) * | 1989-04-12 | 1991-12-21 | Sigma Tau Ind Farmaceuti | PROCEDURE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF R (+) AMMINOCARNITINE AND S (-) AMMINOCARNITINE |
| CH678680GA3 (en) * | 1990-02-20 | 1991-10-31 | Watch glass mounting - has a deposited metal layer between decorative layer and solder to prevent visible effects of soldering | |
| DE69218004T2 (en) * | 1992-12-09 | 1997-06-12 | Nippon Denso Co | FLOODLESS SOLDERING PROCESS |
| CH685034B5 (en) * | 1993-04-29 | 1995-09-15 | Flury Pvd Ecd Duennschichttech | Process for producing a solderable layer system on glass. |
| JP6518264B2 (en) * | 2014-01-07 | 2019-05-22 | カルティエ インターナショナル アクチェンゲゼルシャフト | How to attach the glass to the watch case |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE519264C (en) * | 1924-09-13 | 1931-02-26 | Aeg | Process for the high vacuum-tight, tension-free connection of metal parts with glass or quartz parts |
| CH239903A (en) * | 1944-04-15 | 1945-11-30 | Bank Fuer Elektrische Unterneh | Method for producing a connection between a glass part and a metal part and connection produced according to the method. |
| US3137385A (en) * | 1960-09-21 | 1964-06-16 | Raytheon Co | Titanium ceramic bond using an intermediate layer of nickel |
| CA1148360A (en) * | 1980-04-04 | 1983-06-21 | James F. Nejedlik | Flux-less soldering of glass to metal |
| JPS6113991Y2 (en) * | 1980-04-24 | 1986-04-30 | ||
| CH649435GA3 (en) * | 1981-05-22 | 1985-05-31 |
-
1983
- 1983-05-19 CH CH274383A patent/CH652270GA3/fr unknown
-
1984
- 1984-05-15 US US06/610,418 patent/US4518093A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1984-05-17 DE DE8484105613T patent/DE3465642D1/en not_active Expired
- 1984-05-17 EP EP84105613A patent/EP0127078B1/en not_active Expired
- 1984-05-18 JP JP59098859A patent/JPS59217655A/en active Granted
-
1992
- 1992-12-17 HK HK1008/92A patent/HK100892A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0127078A1 (en) | 1984-12-05 |
| HK100892A (en) | 1992-12-24 |
| CH652270GA3 (en) | 1985-11-15 |
| JPS59217655A (en) | 1984-12-07 |
| DE3465642D1 (en) | 1987-10-01 |
| JPH059382B2 (en) | 1993-02-04 |
| US4518093A (en) | 1985-05-21 |
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