EP0119693B1 - Improvements relating to tobacco-smoke filters - Google Patents
Improvements relating to tobacco-smoke filters Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0119693B1 EP0119693B1 EP84300446A EP84300446A EP0119693B1 EP 0119693 B1 EP0119693 B1 EP 0119693B1 EP 84300446 A EP84300446 A EP 84300446A EP 84300446 A EP84300446 A EP 84300446A EP 0119693 B1 EP0119693 B1 EP 0119693B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- plugwrap
- rod
- moulding means
- contact
- impression
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 title claims description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000012815 thermoplastic material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229920002301 cellulose acetate Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000012812 sealant material Substances 0.000 description 3
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 241000208125 Nicotiana Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- URAYPUMNDPQOKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N triacetin Chemical compound CC(=O)OCC(OC(C)=O)COC(C)=O URAYPUMNDPQOKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000994 depressogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001087 glyceryl triacetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013773 glyceryl triacetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011122 softwood Substances 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L sulfite Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960002622 triacetin Drugs 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
- A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
- A24D3/04—Tobacco smoke filters characterised by their shape or structure
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
- A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
- A24D3/02—Manufacture of tobacco smoke filters
- A24D3/025—Final operations, i.e. after the filter rod forming process
- A24D3/0258—Means for making grooves
Definitions
- This invention relates to tobacco-smoke filters, for cigarettes for example, and to the manufacture thereof.
- a plug of filtration material provided with one or more depressions in the peripheral surface of the plug.
- a filter having a self-bonded filter plug i.e. a non-wrapped plug, which is provided with a comparatively deep depression in the form of an annular groove. It is essential for the proper performance of the filtration mechanism of this filter that the walls of the annular groove are substantially impervious to tobacco smoke.
- the annular groove is formed by revolving the filter plug against a blade which is maintained at a temperature sufficient to melt the filtration material of which the plug is composed.
- the walls of the groove will be glazed by the hot blade and thereby rendered at least partially impervious to tobacco smoke.
- a sealant material into the groove to ensure that the walls thereof possess the required degree of imperviousness.
- Apparatus operable to introduce a sealant material into annular grooves is described in GB-A-2,033,207. The use of a sealant material increases the cost and complexity of filter plug manufacture.
- a wrapped plug comprises filtration material, commonly cellulose acetate fibres, wrapped in a plugwrap.
- the plugwrap is most usually a paper composed mainly of cellulosic fibres, although proposals have been made for plugwraps the constitution of which comprises a proportion of thermoplastic fibres. Plugwraps of this type are disclosed in GB-A-2,056,841 and GB-A-2,058,543.
- US-A-3 164 157 discloses a filter material formed into a rod shape, the peripheral surface of which is brought into contact with a heated moulding means to produce an impression in the peripheral surface of the rod. Thereafter the formed rod is wrapped in a plugwrap which, however, extends across the depressed areas of the impression to give a conventional cylindrical appearance.
- a further object is to provide a plugwrap or plug which possesses advantageous characteristics.
- the invention provides a method of manufacturing filter rod in which filtration material and plugwrap are fed continuously to a rod maker to provide rod, characterised in that the said plugwrap is a thermally mouldable paperlike material, and that the said rod is brought into contact with a heated moulding means to produce an impression in the peripheral surface of said rod and the impressed part of the plugwrap is transformed from said paperlike material to a filmlike material, whilst preserving the continuity of said plugwrap such that the material of said plugwrap which is contacted by said moulding means is redistributed to provide a continuous lining of said impression.
- the present invention also provides tobacco-smoke filter rod, therein characterised that a continuous plugwrap is the mally moulded around said rod and has an impression in the peripheral surface of said plugwrap.
- the plugwrap possesses its characteristics of thermal mouldability by virtue of the inclusion therein of not less than 25% by weight of synthetic thermoplastics material, a substantial proportion, for example at least 80%, of which is suitably in the form of fibrillated fibre.
- the inclusion level of thermoplastic material is in a range of 458 to 95%. At least a substantial proportion of the balance to 100% should be of cellulosic fibres.
- the synthetic thermoplastic material may, for example, be constituted by a polyolefin, such as polyethylene or polypropylene, material.
- the filter rod is cut into discrete rod lengths, equivalent to six filter-plug lengths for example, before the rod is subjected to the thermal moulding step.
- the aforesaid relative movement between the moulding means and the filter rod may take place in a single take place with components in two directions. Thus, for instance, there may be imposed on a radial relative movement, a rotary relative movement about the rod axis.
- the heated moulding means also produces an at least partial fusion of the thermoplastic content.
- plugwraps containing thermoplastic material of a sufficiently low melting point, polyethylene or cellulose acetate for example, the permeability can be reduced in this manner to low values, even substantially to zero.
- the fusion effect is dependent on the amount of heat transferred from the moulding means to the plugwrap, this being a function of temperature and time of contact. Too high a temperature will cause degradation of the plugwrap material, resulting in destruction of the integrity thereof.
- a thermally moulded impression is a comparatively deep one, the moulding process may readily result in a transformation of the plugwrap from a paperlike material to a filmlike material of low permeability. This transformation results from the effect of the thermal moulding process on the thermoplsatic content of the plugwrap, the cellulosic fibres being unaffected by the heat. This filmlike material may be thermally bonded to the underlying filtration material. In the case of a shallow thermally moulded impression, such transformation of the plugwrap may not occur, or only occur to a slight extent, since the material of the plugwrap is subjected to only a limited degree of redistribution.
- plugwrap which has been manufactured with an initial permeability of low value.
- Plugwrap having an initial permeability not greater than 100 Coresta units, for example, could be used.
- plugwraps of higher initial permeability may be usable, since the fusion/redistribution transformation of the portion of the plugwrap subjected to the groove-forming moulding process will effect a marked reduction in the permeability of that portion.
- the plugwrap In order to ensure acceptable runnability on a filter, rod making machine, the plugwrap should have a minimum tensile strength, measured along any axis, of at least 8 Newtons per 25 millimeteres of width transverse to the measurement axis.
- the required tensile strength may be achieved by heat and/or pressure consolidation or by coating with a binder or a film-forming material such as a polyvinyl alcohol or polyvinyl acetate or by a combination of such consolidation and coating.
- the thickness of the plugwrap should not exceed 100 microns.
- the weight of the plugwrap should not exceed 80 grammes per square metre amd is suitably less than 50 grammes per square metere.
- the synthetic thermoplastic content of the plugwrap which is in fibrous form may be supplemented by an inclusion of synthetic thermoplastic material in particulate form.
- the fibrous and/or the particulate thermoplastic content may comprise more than one thermoplastic material.
- the cellulosic fibres in the plugwrap may, for example, be of bleached softwood sulphate bleached sulphite or cotton linters. Loadings of papermaking additives such as titanium dioxide or calcium carbonate may also be included.
- Crimped cellulose acetate tow, as filtration material, and plugwrap were fed continuously to a Hauni KDF 2 filterrod making machine to produce filter rod 1 of 20.6 millimeteres circumference comprising tow 2 wrapped in plugwrap 3.
- the tow 2 was plasticised using triacetin and the plugwrap 3 was seam sealed using a polyvinyl acetate adhesive.
- the plugwrap 3 was a paperlike material comprising 50% by weight of fibrillated fibres of polyethylene, designated Pulpex E, and 50% cellulosic fibres designated Stora 22.
- the weight of the plugwrap was 37 grammes per square metre.
- the plugwrap was subjected to infra-red heating at 180°C for 3 minutes to effect consolidation.
- Post consolidation the permeability of the plugwrap was 60 Coresta units, the thickness was 90 microns, and the tensile strength was 30 Newtons/25 millimetres width in the machine direction and 20 Newtons/25 millimetres width in the cross direction.
- the filter rod 1 produced by the filter-rod maker was cut into lengths equivalent to six filter plug lengths.
- Thermal moulding apparatus generally similar to that described in the specification of our GB-A-1,507,765 was then employed to mould deep annular grooves into each of the rod lengths.
- One such groove, having reference numeral 0, is indicated in the drawing.
- the plugwrap 3 After completion of the thermal moulding step the plugwrap 3 maintained its integrity and thus served to provide a continuous lining to the groove 4. It may be noted that the continuity of the plugwrap 3 is preserved notwithstanding the sharpness of the outer corners 5, 6 of the groove 0.
- the thermal moulding step producing the groove 0 resulted in a reduction of the permeability, to substantially zero, of that portion of the plugwrap lining the groove 0, said portion having been transformed from a paperlike material to a filmlike material.
- Example 6 Details of seven further plugwrap materials acceptable for use in the manufacturing method according to the invention are given in the table.
- the plugwrap designated Example 6 in the table could also be used after having been sized in order to reduce the permeability of the plugwrap, It was found that using polyvinyl alcohol as a size, the permeability of the Example 6 material could be reduced to 83 Coresta units.
- plugwraps contain a proportion of thermoplastic material, as an alternative to using an adhesive to seam seal them, they can be sealed by the application of heat.
Landscapes
- Cigarettes, Filters, And Manufacturing Of Filters (AREA)
- Filtering Materials (AREA)
- Networks Using Active Elements (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
- Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT84300446T ATE23250T1 (de) | 1983-01-26 | 1984-01-25 | Tabakrauchfilter. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB8302058 | 1983-01-26 | ||
GB838302058A GB8302058D0 (en) | 1983-01-26 | 1983-01-26 | Tobacco-smoke filter |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0119693A1 EP0119693A1 (en) | 1984-09-26 |
EP0119693B1 true EP0119693B1 (en) | 1986-11-05 |
Family
ID=10536937
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP84300446A Expired EP0119693B1 (en) | 1983-01-26 | 1984-01-25 | Improvements relating to tobacco-smoke filters |
Country Status (13)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4578053A (xx) |
EP (1) | EP0119693B1 (xx) |
JP (1) | JPS59146581A (xx) |
AT (1) | ATE23250T1 (xx) |
AU (1) | AU555370B2 (xx) |
BR (1) | BR8400285A (xx) |
CA (1) | CA1210658A (xx) |
DE (1) | DE3461139D1 (xx) |
DK (1) | DK32584A (xx) |
ES (2) | ES529079A0 (xx) |
FI (1) | FI840256A (xx) |
GB (2) | GB8302058D0 (xx) |
ZA (1) | ZA84350B (xx) |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB8506594D0 (en) * | 1985-03-14 | 1985-04-17 | British American Tobacco Co | Smoking article filters |
GB8531656D0 (en) * | 1985-12-23 | 1986-02-05 | British American Tobacco Co | Smoking articles |
US4767293A (en) * | 1986-08-22 | 1988-08-30 | Copeland Corporation | Scroll-type machine with axially compliant mounting |
US4877382A (en) * | 1986-08-22 | 1989-10-31 | Copeland Corporation | Scroll-type machine with axially compliant mounting |
PL3021692T3 (pl) * | 2013-07-16 | 2022-02-07 | Philip Morris Products S.A. | Filtr wyrobu do palenia dla łatwego gaszenia |
Family Cites Families (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CH374320A (de) * | 1958-11-12 | 1963-12-31 | Reemtsma H F & Ph | Zigarette |
US3164157A (en) * | 1961-02-15 | 1965-01-05 | Macfarland Aveyard & Company | Filter type cigarette and method of making same |
GB936772A (en) * | 1961-05-11 | 1963-09-11 | Imp Tobacco Company | Improvements relating to cigarettes |
GB1462726A (en) * | 1974-09-19 | 1977-01-26 | Cigarette Components Ltd | Smoke filter process and apparatus |
US4022221A (en) * | 1975-10-31 | 1977-05-10 | American Filtrona Corporation | Tobacco smoke filter |
CH608176A5 (xx) * | 1976-10-05 | 1978-12-29 | Baumgartner Papiers Sa | |
GB1585862A (en) * | 1976-11-19 | 1981-03-11 | British American Tobacco Co | Tobacco-smoke filters |
ZA804948B (en) * | 1979-08-28 | 1981-06-24 | British American Tobacco Co | Smoke filtration |
GB2056841B (en) * | 1979-08-28 | 1983-08-24 | British American Tobacco Co | Smoke filtration |
GB2078089B (en) * | 1980-06-18 | 1983-10-12 | British American Tobacco Co | Filters and a method of producing such filters |
-
1983
- 1983-01-26 GB GB838302058A patent/GB8302058D0/en active Pending
-
1984
- 1984-01-13 GB GB08400923A patent/GB2134365B/en not_active Expired
- 1984-01-16 US US06/570,829 patent/US4578053A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1984-01-17 ZA ZA84350A patent/ZA84350B/xx unknown
- 1984-01-20 AU AU23657/84A patent/AU555370B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1984-01-20 CA CA000445699A patent/CA1210658A/en not_active Expired
- 1984-01-23 ES ES529079A patent/ES529079A0/es active Granted
- 1984-01-23 FI FI840256A patent/FI840256A/fi not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1984-01-25 AT AT84300446T patent/ATE23250T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1984-01-25 BR BR8400285A patent/BR8400285A/pt unknown
- 1984-01-25 EP EP84300446A patent/EP0119693B1/en not_active Expired
- 1984-01-25 DK DK32584A patent/DK32584A/da not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1984-01-25 DE DE8484300446T patent/DE3461139D1/de not_active Expired
- 1984-01-26 JP JP59013212A patent/JPS59146581A/ja active Pending
- 1984-04-02 ES ES1984278553U patent/ES278553Y/es not_active Expired
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ES278553Y (es) | 1985-04-01 |
AU2365784A (en) | 1984-08-02 |
ZA84350B (en) | 1985-07-31 |
GB2134365A (en) | 1984-08-15 |
US4578053A (en) | 1986-03-25 |
ES278553U (es) | 1984-09-16 |
ATE23250T1 (de) | 1986-11-15 |
AU555370B2 (en) | 1986-09-18 |
GB8400923D0 (en) | 1984-02-15 |
JPS59146581A (ja) | 1984-08-22 |
DK32584A (da) | 1984-07-27 |
GB8302058D0 (en) | 1983-03-02 |
EP0119693A1 (en) | 1984-09-26 |
GB2134365B (en) | 1986-12-03 |
ES8505238A1 (es) | 1985-05-16 |
FI840256A0 (fi) | 1984-01-23 |
CA1210658A (en) | 1986-09-02 |
DE3461139D1 (en) | 1986-12-11 |
ES529079A0 (es) | 1985-05-16 |
BR8400285A (pt) | 1984-08-28 |
DK32584D0 (da) | 1984-01-25 |
FI840256A (fi) | 1984-07-27 |
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Legal Events
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