EP0116806A1 - Gekrümmter Elektronenlawinen-Gasdetektor mit plättchenförmiger Elektrode - Google Patents

Gekrümmter Elektronenlawinen-Gasdetektor mit plättchenförmiger Elektrode Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0116806A1
EP0116806A1 EP83420191A EP83420191A EP0116806A1 EP 0116806 A1 EP0116806 A1 EP 0116806A1 EP 83420191 A EP83420191 A EP 83420191A EP 83420191 A EP83420191 A EP 83420191A EP 0116806 A1 EP0116806 A1 EP 0116806A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
blade
curved
parallel
detector according
gaseous
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP83420191A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0116806B1 (de
Inventor
Jean Ballon
Vincent Comparat
Joseph Pouxe
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique CNRS
Original Assignee
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique CNRS
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Publication of EP0116806A1 publication Critical patent/EP0116806A1/de
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Publication of EP0116806B1 publication Critical patent/EP0116806B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J47/00—Tubes for determining the presence, intensity, density or energy of radiation or particles
    • H01J47/02—Ionisation chambers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical field of gas detectors used for the spatial location of particles or radiation.
  • a gas detector of the above type, comprises a body defining an enclosure containing a gaseous fluid under a certain pressure.
  • the enclosure has an entry window for radiation or a particle to be detected and comprises, internally, at least one elongated element, generally parallel to the window.
  • This elongate element is isolated from the body and is brought to a high positive potential with respect to the body or to electrodes surrounding the elongate element, forming cathodes.
  • the localization along the avalanche anode is carried out according to a well-known procedure, by determining the center of gravity by means of cathode strips measuring the collection of positive charges induced by the avalanche in the gaseous fluid.
  • the detector comprises several parallel anodes, which makes it possible to have a substantially increased detection area and to make a determination of the position in two dimensions.
  • Detectors of the above type may be qualified as rectilinear anodes, since the anode or anodes which they comprise consist of conductive wires of small diameter stretched between two anchoring and electrical connection points to extend parallel at the cathodes and the entrance window.
  • the angular opening that can be examined does not exceed ten degrees. In fact, beyond this, account should be taken of parallax phenomena originating from the angle of incidence of the trajectory of the particles relative to the anode and also resulting from the position on this trajectory from which such a particle initiates the electron avalanche phenomenon.
  • Parallax correction tests did not lead to a simple technological solution, by the simple fact that the phenomenon of electron avalanche initiation can be considered to be totally random and capable of intervening indifferently upstream or downstream of the anode with respect to the plane passing the latter and intersecting the direction of propagation of the particle.
  • gas detectors of the curved type comprising a body delimiting, on a concave face, a window whose radius of curvature is centered on the emission or reflection source.
  • the anode or anodes are each formed in the traditional way by a wire which is kept curved, being centered on the radius of curvature, by rigid insulating supports.
  • anode in the form of a conductive wire with a section of the order of 40 ⁇ , initially bent or curved according to the radius of curvature chosen and over the angular range covered.
  • Such an anode is fixed at both ends on supports and is held parallel to the entry window by interaction of the field of a current passing through it with that of two permanent magnets between which the wire extends.
  • a variant of this construction consists in maintaining the constituent wire of the anode in the required position by electrostatic effect.
  • a third solution also known, consists in producing a curved gas detector using, as anode, a conductive wire of larger cross section made of hard steel, for example 0.20 mm in diameter, in replacement of the wire of small cross section. used in previous solutions.
  • a wire of such a section can be bent and maintained, thanks to its mechanical qualities, by anchoring at the two ends representing points of support and conduction of an electrical operating voltage.
  • the object of the invention is to propose a new curved gas detector providing a technological solution to the problems thus posed and capable of remedying the drawbacks observed of the solutions adopted for the constitution of curved detectors with good spatial resolution currently known.
  • the other object of the invention is to provide a slightly fragile curved gaseous detector which can be subjected to various mechanical working conditions and which is also capable of exhibiting significant resistance to electrical breakdowns and the dimensions of which are not limited. by mechanical problems.
  • Another object of the invention is to propose a curved gas detector capable of being produced quickly, simply and safely, without involving a delicate operation of regular shaping of one or more anodes.
  • the object of the invention aims, moreover, to allow the use, as an anode, of a basic product supplied in a strip or blade commercially, according to various physical characteristics allowing a choice in relation to the particularities of a detector to be built.
  • the curved gas detector with spatial localization blade is characterized in that the sensor consists of a structure of the type with at least one curved conductive blade held by the body to protrude into the enclosure and having one of its longitudinal edges parallel to the axis of the window.
  • Fig. 1 is a partial perspective illustrating the curved gas detector according to the invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a section showing the arrangement of the various electrodes.
  • Fig. 3 is a partial perspective illustrating another embodiment of one of the constituent elements of the object of the invention.
  • Fig. 4 is a perspective similar to FIG. 3 but showing another embodiment of the same constituent element.
  • Figs. 5 to 8 are schematic views showing different alternative embodiments of one of the constituent elements of the detector.
  • Fig. 9 is a schematic view showing another embodiment of the: detector.
  • the curved gas detector of spatial location, comprises a body 1 of generally tubular shape, delimiting an enclosure 2 intended to contain a gaseous fluid under a pressure to be chosen.
  • the body 1 is produced in a curved manner and therefore has a concave face 3 defined by a radius of curvature which is centered on the source of emission or reflection of a radiation to be detected.
  • the concave face 3 delimits an entry window 4 which is, for example, closed by a cover 5 for preserve the tight confinement of the gaseous fluid.
  • the cover 5 is made of an appropriate material, permeable to the radiation to be detected and, for example of mylar or beryllium in the case of application to X-ray crystallography.
  • the element 7 is formed by a conductive strip which is held so that one of its longitudinal edges, such as 8 ,. extends parallel to the window 4, made conductive by an internal deposit and forming with the conductive element 14 a cathode.
  • the conductive strip 7 is held to present a radius of curvature centered on the same center as that of the wall 3 and, for this purpose, for example, is embedded by the second longitudinal edge 9 in an insulating support formed by or adapted on the body 1.
  • the metal blade 7 is electrically connected to a production source capable of applying to it a constant positive potential. Under tension, the edge 8 produces an electric field influencing the surrounding medium and the gaseous fluid confined in the enclosure 2.
  • Such a construction makes it possible to have absolute certainty of the position occupied by the edge 8 and of its conformation in a curved anode, exactly centered on the center of the wall 3, so that all the points of this edge are exactly the same distance from such a center.
  • This construction makes it possible to maintain, in a rigid stable state, an elongated anode by giving it a determined radius of curvature and by developing it over an angular extent related to the possible dispersion characteristics of the emitted or reflected radiation. More generally, such a construction makes it possible to conform the edge 8 according to any curve desired for the detection.
  • the curved gaseous detector is associated with a bar 10 for measuring the collection of positive charges induced by the presence of positive ions resulting from the avalanche of electrons.
  • the strip 10 consists of cathode strips 11, conductive, extending parallel to each other, having a direction orthogonal to the edge 8.
  • the cathode strips are placed parallel to the plane of the strip 7, for example, along the internal face of the wall 12 of the body 1 opposite the wall 3.
  • the cathode strips 11 pass through the body 1 outside of which they are connected to a delay line 13.of a design known in the art.
  • the body 1 is made of an insulating material and internally comprises a conductive coating 14 forming a cathode, in the general sense, isolated from the strips 11.
  • Fig. 2 shows, diagrammatically, an exemplary embodiment according to which the body 1 is made of conductive material and supports the strip 7 by an attached wall element 15, made of an insulating material.
  • the body of conductive material is connected to earth by a connection 16.
  • the bar 10 is mounted without contact or electrical connection with the body 1.
  • the body 1 has means making it possible to keep the enclosure 2 filled with the desired gas mixture.
  • the blade 7 is held in the body 1 by an intermediate support 17 which is preferably made up of two complementary half-parts 18a and 18b.
  • the half-parts 18a and 18b can be connected together by means of connecting members 19 of any suitable type.
  • the half-parts 18a and 18b are made of an insulating material and shaped to delimit between them, once assembled, a recess 20 capable of retaining the blade 7 from its longitudinal edge 9.
  • the complementary half-parts 18a and 18b are shaped to present, once assembled, a centered curved shape on the center of curvature of the wall 3.
  • a support 17 it becomes possible to effectively maintain the blade 7 in a stable position and, simultaneously, to impose on such a blade the desired curvature.
  • one end of the support 17 comprises a conductive terminal 21 making it possible to establish an electrical contact between the blade 7 and a conductor 22 connecting said blade to a source of positive voltage with respect to the potential of the cathodes (which is generally to ground).
  • Fig. 4 illustrates an alternative embodiment in which the support 17 is produced so as to delimit itself a window 23 in which extends the edge 8 of the blade 7 held as said above with reference to FIG. 3.
  • a detector of the above type containing in the enclosure 2 a gaseous fluid constituted by a mixture of argon, methane, forane 13Bl confined under a pressure of a bar, made it possible to obtain localization results in proportional speed, by means of a 40 ⁇ thick blade to which a positive voltage of 3,700 volts was applied, for X-radiation of 8 KeV of energy.
  • the conductive strip had a linear length of 25 cm and was shaped according to a radius of curvature of 20 cm.
  • the blade 7 described above may include an active edge 8 shaped in different ways.
  • This edge 8 can be tapered (fig. 5), with sharp edges (fig. 6) or rounded.
  • the edge 8 can also be constituted by a wire 8 1 reported in any suitable manner, in particular by gluing on a blade 7 1 , as illustrated in FIG. 7.
  • the object of the invention allows one-dimensional position detection.
  • the detector comprises, inside the sealed enclosure an insulating support 24 now n curved blades 7a, for example by embedding.
  • the blades 7a are parallel to each other and directed so that their plane is parallel or substantially parallel to the direction of propagation of a particle or radiation.
  • Each blade 7a has, facing the direction of propagation, a generally concave curved edge 8a.
  • the determination of the blade 7a which has received the avalanche provides, by processing the negative electronic pulse which is triggered there, the location in the X dimension.
  • the location in dimension Y is obtained, as in the previous example, by implementing a structure 25 of cathode strips 11a extending parallel to the edges 8a in a direction orthogonal to that of the blades 7a.
  • the cathode strips 11a are, for example, carried by a thin insulating support 26 and are connected to a delay line 13a.
  • the structure is arranged upstream of the edges 8a with respect to the direction of propagation along the arrow f.

Landscapes

  • Measurement Of Radiation (AREA)
  • Electron Tubes For Measurement (AREA)
EP83420191A 1982-12-30 1983-12-22 Gekrümmter Elektronenlawinen-Gasdetektor mit plättchenförmiger Elektrode Expired EP0116806B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8222219 1982-12-30
FR828222219A FR2538913B1 (fr) 1982-12-30 1982-12-30 Detecteur gazeux a avalanche electronique, courbe et a lame

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0116806A1 true EP0116806A1 (de) 1984-08-29
EP0116806B1 EP0116806B1 (de) 1988-02-24

Family

ID=9280772

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP83420191A Expired EP0116806B1 (de) 1982-12-30 1983-12-22 Gekrümmter Elektronenlawinen-Gasdetektor mit plättchenförmiger Elektrode

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US4553062A (de)
EP (1) EP0116806B1 (de)
JP (1) JPS59157944A (de)
DE (1) DE3375752D1 (de)
FR (1) FR2538913B1 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2189932A (en) * 1983-12-27 1987-11-04 Gen Electric Ionization detector

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL8503153A (nl) * 1985-11-15 1987-06-01 Optische Ind De Oude Delft Nv Dosismeter voor ioniserende straling.
US8198812B1 (en) 2002-05-21 2012-06-12 Imaging Systems Technology Gas filled detector shell with dipole antenna
US8138673B1 (en) 2002-05-21 2012-03-20 Imaging Systems Technology Radiation shielding
US7791037B1 (en) 2006-03-16 2010-09-07 Imaging Systems Technology Plasma-tube radiation detector
US9024526B1 (en) 2012-06-11 2015-05-05 Imaging Systems Technology, Inc. Detector element with antenna
FR2996954B1 (fr) * 2012-10-15 2014-12-05 Commissariat Energie Atomique Detecteur courbe de particules gazeux

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2370360A1 (fr) * 1976-11-04 1978-06-02 Braun M Gmbh Tube compteur proportionnel, sensible au lieu de mesure et courbe

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4031396A (en) * 1975-02-28 1977-06-21 General Electric Company X-ray detector
JPS5816066B2 (ja) * 1975-08-18 1983-03-29 ノダゴウハン カブシキガイシヤ タイカケシヨウヘキノ セイケイホウホウト ガイホウホウニシヨウスルチカバン
US4075527A (en) * 1976-09-27 1978-02-21 General Electric Company X-ray detector
JPS584992B2 (ja) * 1978-07-06 1983-01-28 理学電機株式会社 放射線入射位置検出装置
US4306155A (en) * 1980-04-04 1981-12-15 General Electric Company Gas-filled x-ray detector with improved window

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2370360A1 (fr) * 1976-11-04 1978-06-02 Braun M Gmbh Tube compteur proportionnel, sensible au lieu de mesure et courbe

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS AND METHODS, vol. 177, nos. 2,3, novembre 1980, pages 405-409, North-Holland Publishing Company, Amsterdam, NL *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2189932A (en) * 1983-12-27 1987-11-04 Gen Electric Ionization detector

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS59157944A (ja) 1984-09-07
DE3375752D1 (en) 1988-03-31
FR2538913B1 (fr) 1985-07-26
FR2538913A1 (fr) 1984-07-06
JPH029430B2 (de) 1990-03-01
US4553062A (en) 1985-11-12
EP0116806B1 (de) 1988-02-24

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