EP0113942A1 - Yarn cutter for shuttleless loom - Google Patents
Yarn cutter for shuttleless loom Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0113942A1 EP0113942A1 EP83300218A EP83300218A EP0113942A1 EP 0113942 A1 EP0113942 A1 EP 0113942A1 EP 83300218 A EP83300218 A EP 83300218A EP 83300218 A EP83300218 A EP 83300218A EP 0113942 A1 EP0113942 A1 EP 0113942A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- ceramic
- yarn cutter
- yarn
- cutter according
- cutter
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011195 cermet Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- LTPBRCUWZOMYOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Beryllium oxide Chemical compound O=[Be] LTPBRCUWZOMYOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- RKTYLMNFRDHKIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper;5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphyrin-22,24-diide Chemical compound [Cu+2].C1=CC(C(=C2C=CC([N-]2)=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC(N=2)=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C2=CC=C3[N-]2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=NC1=C3C1=CC=CC=C1 RKTYLMNFRDHKIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl(1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethyl)silane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010987 cubic zirconia Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 18
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 235000014676 Phragmites communis Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013351 cheese Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 2
- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000997 High-speed steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010009 beating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- JPNWDVUTVSTKMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt tungsten Chemical compound [Co].[W] JPNWDVUTVSTKMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052575 non-oxide ceramic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011225 non-oxide ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052574 oxide ceramic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011224 oxide ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008400 supply water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010784 textile waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RUDFQVOCFDJEEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium(III) oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Y+3].[Y+3] RUDFQVOCFDJEEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D47/00—Looms in which bulk supply of weft does not pass through shed, e.g. shuttleless looms, gripper shuttle looms, dummy shuttle looms
- D03D47/34—Handling the weft between bulk storage and weft-inserting means
- D03D47/36—Measuring and cutting the weft
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D49/00—Details or constructional features not specially adapted for looms of a particular type
- D03D49/70—Devices for cutting weft threads
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a yarn cutter for a shuttleless loom and more particularly to a yarn cutter which is suitable for use as a weft yarn cutter for a water jet loom and superior in corrosion resistance, wear resistance and toughness in a weaving process.
- Recent water jet looms operate at a very high speed of 400 to 800 rpm and jet 2 to 4 cc of water at every pick. Accordingly, in a yarn cutter employing a metallic blade for cutting weft yarns, the blade is liable to rust due to the wet operating environment and the cutting performance of the blade deteriorates within a short operating period of time due to repetition of high-speed cutting operation, so that such a yarn cutter has a disadvantage that the durability is unsatisfactory.
- Some yarn cutters employ an electric heater instead of a metallic blade, however, such yarn cutters also have a problem in respect of durability and often fail in cutting a weft yarn due to cooling of the electric heater by wet weft yarns.
- Primary object of the present invention is to provide a yarn cutter for a shuttleless loom, which is superior in corrosion resistance, wear resistance and toughness.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a yarn cutter for a shuttleless loom, consuming less electric power.
- a yarn cutter for a shuttleless loom comprises a pair of knife bodies each having a cutting edge and being adapted to slide in mutual contact, wherein at least one of the cutting edges is made of a ceramic material.
- the yarn cutter may be a scissors type or may be a so called cylinder cutter type consisting of a combination of a cylinder body and a piston body fitted in the cylinder body.
- a so called cylinder cutter type consisting of a combination of a cylinder body and a piston body fitted in the cylinder body.
- the cutting edges of both knife bodies of a ceramic material it is desirable to form the cutting edges of both knife bodies of a ceramic material, however, only one of the cutting edges may be formed of a ceramic material, while the other is formed of a metal such as a sintered hard alloy.
- at least the cutting edge is required to be made of a ceramic material or the cutting edge and the knife body may inclusively be made of a ceramic material. Forming at least the cutting edge with a ceramic material provides corrosion resistance, wear resistance and toughness, which can not be attained by the metal cutters.
- a shed 3 is formed through the alternate up-and-down motion of a pair of heddle frames 2 guiding a plurality of warp yarns 1 arranged in the shape of a band.
- a weft yarn 4 is inserted through the shed 3 across the arrangement of the warp yarns 1 and is then beaten up with a reed 5 so that a fabric 6 of a predetermined weft density is formed.
- the weft yarn 4 is taken out from a cheese 7 at a predetermined unwinding speed by means of a feed roller 8 at a predetermined speed and is pooled temporarily within a vacuum pool pipe 9.
- the weft yarn 4 thus pooled is then guided through a gripper 10 and jetted out from a jet nozzle 11 together with water.
- Pressurized water is supplied to the jet nozzle 11 from a water tank 12 by means of a pump 13.
- the weft yarn 4 is jetted out from the jet nozzle 11 into the shed 3 by the pressurized water.
- One end of the weft yarn 4 beaten up with the reed 5 is gripped by the gripper 10, while the other end jetted across the loom to the other end thereof is arrested with weft yarn entangling threads 16 to tighten the weft yarn 4 at a fixed tension while the end of the weft yarn 4 is picked up with the weft yarn entangling threads 16 rotated by means of a yarn end entangling means, for instance, a false-twisting spindle 15.
- Both ends of the weft yarn 4 are cut by yarn cutters 17 of the present invention which are made of a ceramic material and are disposed at the opposite ends of the loom respectively.
- a water supply pipe 18 is disposed in the vicinity of each yarn cutter 17 to supply water to the yarn cutter 17.
- Dripping water from the water supply pipes 18 on the corresponding yarn cutters 17 removes textile wastes and dust produced due to the wear of the yarn cutters 17 and mitigates the wear of the cutting edges due to the mutual sliding movement between the cutting edges.
- the preferable water supply rate is 10 to 100 cc/min.
- selvage yarns are indicated at 14.
- the yarn cutter comprises a pair of knife bodies 19 and 20 having cutting edges 19a and 20a on the mutually opposite sides thereof.
- the knife bodies 19 and 20 include the cutting edges 19a and 20a, respectively, and are formed of a ceramic material.
- the knife body 20 is fixed to a shaft 21 and is held practically horizontally at a fixed position, whereas the knife body 19 is supported pivotally in a bearing 30 on the knife body 20 and is urged with a spring 31 so that the knife body 19 is pressed against the knife body 20.
- the pressure of the spring 31 can be adjusted by a nut 32. It is desirable to mount the knife bodies 19 and 20 on the shaft 21 to make the cutting edges 19a and 20a longitudinally intersect each other so that a large shearing force is produced between the cutting edges 19a and 20a.
- One end of a connecting rod 22 is connected pivotally to one end of the knife body 19, while the other end thereof is connected pivotally to one end of a lever 23.
- the lever 23 is supported pivotally at the central part thereof with a shaft 24 and is urged with a spring 25 so that a roller 26 provided at the other end thereof is always in contact with a cam 27.
- the cam 27 is fixed to the rocking shaft 28 of the loom and turns in synchronism with the rocking shaft 28. Accordingly, the rotation of the cam 27 causes the lever 23 to rock on the shaft 24 and thereby the knife body 19 is caused to reciprocate on the shaft 21 between a position shown by continuous lines and a position shown by broken lines through the up-and-down motion of the connecting rod 22.
- the reciprocating motion of the knife body 19 causes the relative sliding motion of the cutting edge 19a of the knife body 19 and the cutting edge 20a of the knife body 20 as shown in Figures 3A and 3B to shear the weft yarn 4 with the cutting edges 19a and 20a.
- the edge angles a and S of the cutting edges 19a and 20a of the knife bodies 19 and 20, respectively, in the respective cross sections are acute angles which are smaller than 90°, preferably 20° to 80°, more preferably 20° to 60°.
- Such acute edge angles a and S improve the weft yarn cutting effect of the yarn cutter. At least one of the edge angles a and S is required to be an acute angle which is smaller than 90°, however, the other edge angle may be an angle of 90°.
- the preferable contact pressure between the cutting edges 19a and 20a is 0.3 kg to 0.5 kg.
- An essential condition for the yarn cutter 17 of the present invention is to form at least the cutting edges of a ceramic material. Therefore, the knife bodies 19 and 20 including the cutting edges 19a and 20a may be formed of a ceramic material as in the case of the embodiment as described hereinbefore or it is possible to form only the cutting edges 19a and 20a of a ceramic material and to form the rest part of the knife body of an ordinary metal as shown in Figure 5.
- Figure 6 shows another embodiment of the present invention.
- a yarn cutter 117 comprises a cylindrical ceramic body 120 and a cylindrical plunger 119 slidably fitted in the ceramic body 120.
- a recess 121 is formed in the middle part of the body 120.
- a cutting edge 120a is formed in the recess 121.
- a cutting edge 119a is formed at one end of the plunger 119.
- a weft yarn 4 is inserted in tensioning condition through the recess 121 and is sheared with the cutting edges 119a and 120a.
- Either a ceramic of the oxide group or a ceramic of the non-oxide group is applicable to the yarn cutter of the present invention.
- Preferable oxide ceramics are alumina ceramic, magnesia ceramic, zirconia ceramic and beryllia ceramic. The most preferable ceramics are zirconia ceramic and alumina ceramic.
- Preferable non-oxide ceramics are silica ceramic, silicon nitride ceramic and titanium carbide ceramic.
- a corrosion resistant, wear resistant and tough yarn cutter which is free from rusting under a wet environment can be provided when at least the cutting edges of the yarn cutter are formed of either of those ceramic materials.
- a particularly preferable ceramic for the cutting edges is the dispersion of zirconia containing cubic phase and zirconia containing tetragonal phase.
- Such a dispersion containing a content of 5 to 70 mol% of zirconic containing tetragonal phase has excellent corrosion resistance, wear resistance and toughness and is particularly superior in mechanical strength against thermal shock and bending.
- the zirconia ceramic may contain 70 mol% or less of monoclinic phase in addition to the cubic phase. Addition of the monoclinic phase improves further the mechanical strength of the material against thermal shock.
- a composite sintered material of a ceramic and a metal namely, a so called cermet, is applicable to the cutting edges of the yarn cutter of the present invention.
- a cermet is produced by sintering a ceramic powder and a metal powder. Cermets have the toughness and the plasticity of metals in addition to corrosion resistance and wear resistance. Preferable cermets are alumina- chromium cermets, alumina-silicon carbide cermets and carbide cermets containing 15 to 85 vol% of ceramic phase and the rest part of metal phase. Carbide cermets, in particular, are superior in wear resistance.
- Representative carbide cermets are tungsten-cobalt cermets, titanium carbide-cobalt cermets and multicomponent carbide-cobalt cermets.
- the yarn cutter of the present invention as described hereinbefore exhibits high cutting performance owing to the use of ceramic materials for the cutting edges and has extended life owing to the high corrosion resistance, high wear resistance and increased toughness and hence, it improves the weaving efficiency of a shuttleless loom employing the yarn cutters of the present invention. Furthermore, since the yarn cutter of the present invention cuts weft yarns only through the relative sliding motion of a pair of knife bodies, only an extremely small amount of energy is required for driving the yarn cutter and the power consumption of the yarn cutter is reduced practically to zero as compared with the conventional yarn cutter employing electric heaters.
- the embodiments of the present invention have been described as applied to a water jet loom, the present invention is applicable also to other shuttleless looms such as a rapier loom and an air jet loom.
- the use of the rotary motion of the rocking shaft is the most suitable means to drive the yarn cutter, however, the beating motion of the slay sword may be used for driving the yarn cutter.
- Figure 7 shows a wear testing device for testing the wear of materials resulting from the frictional action of a wet yarn.
- a yarn Y taken out from a cheese 61 is guided into a water tank 63 through a tenser 62 to be made to wet, then is made to pass around a test piece 63 through a contact angle of e and then is taken up by means of a take-up roller 64 and an aspirator 65.
- the yarn Y used for the test is a polyester yarn of 18 filaments and 50 deniers (a semi-dull polyester yarn containing titanium oxide).
- A a martensite stainless steel (SAS-440C)
- B a tungsten carbide sintered hard alloy
- C a high speed steel (SKH9)
- D a zirconia ceramic
- E a carbide cermet.
- the materials D and E are used for the yarn cutter of the present invention.
- the respective power consumptions of a water jet loom equipped with a conventional electric heat yarn cutter and a water jet loom equipped with a shearing yarn cutter of the present invention were measured.
- the materials of yarn cutters of the present invention subjected to the first comparative test and the second comparative test were a zirconia ceramic and a carbide cermet, respectively.
- the test results are shown in Table 2.
- weaving width 150 cm
- weaving speed 760 picks/min
- weft yarn 150 deniers and 48 filaments false twisted polyester filament yarn
- weaving density warp x weft: 60 x 60/in.
- the number of failures in cutting the weft yarn per 1,000,000 picks was 9 times and 4 times for the conventional electric heat yarn cutter and for the yarn cutter of the present invention, respectively.
- the number of failures in cutting the weft yarn per 1,000,000 picks was 7 times and 2 times for the conventional electric heat yarn cutter and for the yarn cutter of the present invention, respectively.
- a yarn cutter having paired knife bodies each being made of a zirconia-yttria ceramic was mounted on a water jet loom and was subjected to a test.
- the amount of wear of the cutter after the cutting operation of 3,000,000 times was 0.0033 mm, which is equivalent to a limiting cutting frequency of three billion 400 million times.
- the amount of wear of the cutter after the cutting operation of 3,000,000 times was 0.049 mm, which is equivalent to a limiting cutting frequency of approximately 50,000,000 times.
- the amount of wear of the cutter when water is supplied positively to the cutter is reduced approximately to 67 % of the amount of wear of the cutter when no water is supplied to the cutter and the limiting cutting frequency of the cutter when water is supplied positively to the cutter was increased approximately by 68 times that of the cutter when no water is supplied to the cutter.
- the duration values found were, in terms of the number of months (24 hours a day, 30 days a month), 2.5 for the cutter F, 4 for the cutter G and 8 for the cutter H.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Looms (AREA)
- Auxiliary Weaving Apparatuses, Weavers' Tools, And Shuttles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- The present invention relates to a yarn cutter for a shuttleless loom and more particularly to a yarn cutter which is suitable for use as a weft yarn cutter for a water jet loom and superior in corrosion resistance, wear resistance and toughness in a weaving process.
- Recent water jet looms operate at a very high speed of 400 to 800 rpm and
jet 2 to 4 cc of water at every pick. Accordingly, in a yarn cutter employing a metallic blade for cutting weft yarns, the blade is liable to rust due to the wet operating environment and the cutting performance of the blade deteriorates within a short operating period of time due to repetition of high-speed cutting operation, so that such a yarn cutter has a disadvantage that the durability is unsatisfactory. Some yarn cutters employ an electric heater instead of a metallic blade, however, such yarn cutters also have a problem in respect of durability and often fail in cutting a weft yarn due to cooling of the electric heater by wet weft yarns. The large power consumption of such a yarn cutter employing an electric heater as large as approximately 30 % of the total power consumption of the loom is a serious problem. When thick yarns of 200 to 500 deniers or spun yarns which are likely to be wet with water are used as weft yarns, sometimes, the electric heater consumes a large electric power as great as 50 % of the total power consumption of the loom, which is economically disadvantageous. - Primary object of the present invention is to provide a yarn cutter for a shuttleless loom, which is superior in corrosion resistance, wear resistance and toughness.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a yarn cutter for a shuttleless loom, consuming less electric power.
- In order to attain abovementioned objects, a yarn cutter for a shuttleless loom according to the present invention comprises a pair of knife bodies each having a cutting edge and being adapted to slide in mutual contact, wherein at least one of the cutting edges is made of a ceramic material.
- The yarn cutter may be a scissors type or may be a so called cylinder cutter type consisting of a combination of a cylinder body and a piston body fitted in the cylinder body. In such yarn cutters as mentioned immediately above, it is preferable that one of the knife body is stationary, while the other is movable in contact with the former.
- According to the present invention, it is desirable to form the cutting edges of both knife bodies of a ceramic material, however, only one of the cutting edges may be formed of a ceramic material, while the other is formed of a metal such as a sintered hard alloy. In the yarn cutter of the present invention, at least the cutting edge is required to be made of a ceramic material or the cutting edge and the knife body may inclusively be made of a ceramic material. Forming at least the cutting edge with a ceramic material provides corrosion resistance, wear resistance and toughness, which can not be attained by the metal cutters.
- It is desirable to provide a water supplying means in the vicinity of the abovementioned yarn cutter for supplying water to the cutting edges. The provision of such a water supplying means will further extend the life of the yarn cutter.
-
- Figure 1 is a perspective view of a water jet loom equipped with a yarn cutter according to the present invention;
- Figure 2 is a side elevation of a yarn cutter according to the present invention and a driving mechanism for driving the same;
- Figures 3A and 3B are sectional views of the yarn cutter of Figure 2 taken along line III-III of Figure 2;
- Figure 4 is a sectional view taken along line IV-IV of Figure 2;
- Figure 5 is a longitudinal sectional view of the essential part of another embodiment of a yarn cutter according to the present invention;
- Figure 6 is a perspective view of the essential part of still another embodiment of a yarn cutter according to the present invention; and
- Figure 7 is a schematic representation of a device for evaluating the wear resistance of materials.
- Referring to Figure 1, a
shed 3 is formed through the alternate up-and-down motion of a pair ofheddle frames 2 guiding a plurality ofwarp yarns 1 arranged in the shape of a band. Aweft yarn 4 is inserted through theshed 3 across the arrangement of thewarp yarns 1 and is then beaten up with areed 5 so that afabric 6 of a predetermined weft density is formed. Theweft yarn 4 is taken out from acheese 7 at a predetermined unwinding speed by means of afeed roller 8 at a predetermined speed and is pooled temporarily within avacuum pool pipe 9. Theweft yarn 4 thus pooled is then guided through agripper 10 and jetted out from ajet nozzle 11 together with water. Pressurized water is supplied to thejet nozzle 11 from awater tank 12 by means of apump 13. Theweft yarn 4 is jetted out from thejet nozzle 11 into theshed 3 by the pressurized water. - One end of the
weft yarn 4 beaten up with thereed 5 is gripped by thegripper 10, while the other end jetted across the loom to the other end thereof is arrested with weftyarn entangling threads 16 to tighten theweft yarn 4 at a fixed tension while the end of theweft yarn 4 is picked up with the weftyarn entangling threads 16 rotated by means of a yarn end entangling means, for instance, a false-twisting spindle 15. Both ends of theweft yarn 4 are cut byyarn cutters 17 of the present invention which are made of a ceramic material and are disposed at the opposite ends of the loom respectively. Awater supply pipe 18 is disposed in the vicinity of eachyarn cutter 17 to supply water to theyarn cutter 17. Dripping water from thewater supply pipes 18 on thecorresponding yarn cutters 17 removes textile wastes and dust produced due to the wear of theyarn cutters 17 and mitigates the wear of the cutting edges due to the mutual sliding movement between the cutting edges. The preferable water supply rate is 10 to 100 cc/min. In Figure 1, selvage yarns are indicated at 14. - Referring to Figure 2, the yarn cutter comprises a pair of
knife bodies cutting edges knife bodies cutting edges knife body 20 is fixed to ashaft 21 and is held practically horizontally at a fixed position, whereas theknife body 19 is supported pivotally in abearing 30 on theknife body 20 and is urged with aspring 31 so that theknife body 19 is pressed against theknife body 20. The pressure of thespring 31 can be adjusted by anut 32. It is desirable to mount theknife bodies shaft 21 to make thecutting edges cutting edges - One end of a connecting
rod 22 is connected pivotally to one end of theknife body 19, while the other end thereof is connected pivotally to one end of alever 23. Thelever 23 is supported pivotally at the central part thereof with ashaft 24 and is urged with aspring 25 so that aroller 26 provided at the other end thereof is always in contact with acam 27. Thecam 27 is fixed to the rockingshaft 28 of the loom and turns in synchronism with the rockingshaft 28. Accordingly, the rotation of thecam 27 causes thelever 23 to rock on theshaft 24 and thereby theknife body 19 is caused to reciprocate on theshaft 21 between a position shown by continuous lines and a position shown by broken lines through the up-and-down motion of the connectingrod 22. The reciprocating motion of theknife body 19 causes the relative sliding motion of thecutting edge 19a of theknife body 19 and thecutting edge 20a of theknife body 20 as shown in Figures 3A and 3B to shear theweft yarn 4 with thecutting edges cutting edges knife bodies - Such acute edge angles a and S improve the weft yarn cutting effect of the yarn cutter. At least one of the edge angles a and S is required to be an acute angle which is smaller than 90°, however, the other edge angle may be an angle of 90°.
- The
water supply pipe 18, which opens directing to theknife body 19, supplies water to thecutting edge 19a as well as to thecutting edge 20a of theknife body 20 disposed below theknife body 19. Consequently, the smooth relative sliding motion between thecontiguous cutting edges - In order to attain satisfactory weft yarn cutting operation with those
yarn cutters 17, the preferable contact pressure between thecutting edges - An essential condition for the
yarn cutter 17 of the present invention is to form at least the cutting edges of a ceramic material. Therefore, theknife bodies cutting edges cutting edges - Figure 6 shows another embodiment of the present invention. Referring to Figure 6, a
yarn cutter 117 comprises a cylindricalceramic body 120 and a cylindrical plunger 119 slidably fitted in theceramic body 120. Arecess 121 is formed in the middle part of thebody 120. Acutting edge 120a is formed in therecess 121. Acutting edge 119a is formed at one end of the plunger 119. In thisyarn cutter 117, aweft yarn 4 is inserted in tensioning condition through therecess 121 and is sheared with thecutting edges - Either a ceramic of the oxide group or a ceramic of the non-oxide group is applicable to the yarn cutter of the present invention. Preferable oxide ceramics are alumina ceramic, magnesia ceramic, zirconia ceramic and beryllia ceramic. The most preferable ceramics are zirconia ceramic and alumina ceramic. Preferable non-oxide ceramics are silica ceramic, silicon nitride ceramic and titanium carbide ceramic. A corrosion resistant, wear resistant and tough yarn cutter which is free from rusting under a wet environment can be provided when at least the cutting edges of the yarn cutter are formed of either of those ceramic materials. A particularly preferable ceramic for the cutting edges is the dispersion of zirconia containing cubic phase and zirconia containing tetragonal phase. Such a dispersion containing a content of 5 to 70 mol% of zirconic containing tetragonal phase has excellent corrosion resistance, wear resistance and toughness and is particularly superior in mechanical strength against thermal shock and bending. The zirconia ceramic may contain 70 mol% or less of monoclinic phase in addition to the cubic phase. Addition of the monoclinic phase improves further the mechanical strength of the material against thermal shock.
- A composite sintered material of a ceramic and a metal, namely, a so called cermet, is applicable to the cutting edges of the yarn cutter of the present invention. A cermet is produced by sintering a ceramic powder and a metal powder. Cermets have the toughness and the plasticity of metals in addition to corrosion resistance and wear resistance. Preferable cermets are alumina- chromium cermets, alumina-silicon carbide cermets and carbide cermets containing 15 to 85 vol% of ceramic phase and the rest part of metal phase. Carbide cermets, in particular, are superior in wear resistance. Representative carbide cermets are tungsten-cobalt cermets, titanium carbide-cobalt cermets and multicomponent carbide-cobalt cermets.
- The yarn cutter of the present invention as described hereinbefore exhibits high cutting performance owing to the use of ceramic materials for the cutting edges and has extended life owing to the high corrosion resistance, high wear resistance and increased toughness and hence, it improves the weaving efficiency of a shuttleless loom employing the yarn cutters of the present invention. Furthermore, since the yarn cutter of the present invention cuts weft yarns only through the relative sliding motion of a pair of knife bodies, only an extremely small amount of energy is required for driving the yarn cutter and the power consumption of the yarn cutter is reduced practically to zero as compared with the conventional yarn cutter employing electric heaters.
- Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described as applied to a water jet loom, the present invention is applicable also to other shuttleless looms such as a rapier loom and an air jet loom. The use of the rotary motion of the rocking shaft is the most suitable means to drive the yarn cutter, however, the beating motion of the slay sword may be used for driving the yarn cutter.
- The effects of the present invention will be described hereunder on the basis of the results of experiments.
- Figure 7 shows a wear testing device for testing the wear of materials resulting from the frictional action of a wet yarn.
- A yarn Y taken out from a
cheese 61 is guided into awater tank 63 through a tenser 62 to be made to wet, then is made to pass around atest piece 63 through a contact angle of e and then is taken up by means of a take-uproller 64 and anaspirator 65. The yarn Y used for the test is a polyester yarn of 18 filaments and 50 deniers (a semi-dull polyester yarn containing titanium oxide). The test conditions are: yarn speed = 250 m/min, yarn tension = 30 g, contact angle = 120° and test period = continuous 30 min. - Materials subjected to the test were: A = a martensite stainless steel (SAS-440C), B = a tungsten carbide sintered hard alloy, C = a high speed steel (SKH9), D = a zirconia ceramic and E = a carbide cermet. The materials D and E are used for the yarn cutter of the present invention.
-
- The respective power consumptions of a water jet loom equipped with a conventional electric heat yarn cutter and a water jet loom equipped with a shearing yarn cutter of the present invention were measured. The materials of yarn cutters of the present invention subjected to the first comparative test and the second comparative test were a zirconia ceramic and a carbide cermet, respectively. The weaving conditions for the first comparative test were: weaving width = 150 cm, weaving speed = 400 picks/min, weft yarn =
polyester 65 %/cotton 35 % mixed spun yarn and weaving density = warp x weft: 105 x 75/in. The test results are shown in Table 2. - The weaving conditions for the second comparative test were: weaving width = 150 cm, weaving speed = 760 picks/min, weft yarn = 150 deniers and 48 filaments false twisted polyester filament yarn and weaving density = warp x weft: 60 x 60/in. The results are shown in Table 3.
- In the
comparative test 1, the number of failures in cutting the weft yarn per 1,000,000 picks (approx. 400 m in woven length) was 9 times and 4 times for the conventional electric heat yarn cutter and for the yarn cutter of the present invention, respectively. - In the
comparative test 2, the number of failures in cutting the weft yarn per 1,000,000 picks (approx. 423 m in woven length) was 7 times and 2 times for the conventional electric heat yarn cutter and for the yarn cutter of the present invention, respectively. -
- A yarn cutter having paired knife bodies each being made of a zirconia-yttria ceramic was mounted on a water jet loom and was subjected to a test. The test conditions were: weaving speed = 400 picks/min, water supply to the yarn cutter = 100 cc/min, warp yarn = polyester filament yarn, weft yarn = 65 wt.% polyester/ 35 wt.% cotton, 45S mixed spun yarn, and weaving density = warp x weft: 105 x 75/in. No failure in cutting the weft yarn occurred during 1,000,000 picks (1000 m in woven length). When no water was supplied, the cutter failed in cutting the weft yarn twice per 1,000,000 picks.
- In the weaving operation under the above conditions, the amount of wear of the cutter after the cutting operation of 3,000,000 times was 0.0033 mm, which is equivalent to a limiting cutting frequency of three billion 400 million times. When no water was supplied to the yarn cutter, the amount of wear of the cutter after the cutting operation of 3,000,000 times was 0.049 mm, which is equivalent to a limiting cutting frequency of approximately 50,000,000 times.
- Thus the amount of wear of the cutter when water is supplied positively to the cutter is reduced approximately to 67 % of the amount of wear of the cutter when no water is supplied to the cutter and the limiting cutting frequency of the cutter when water is supplied positively to the cutter was increased approximately by 68 times that of the cutter when no water is supplied to the cutter.
- Duration tests in a water jet loom were carried out of each of an electric heating yarn cutter (F), a scissors-type yarn cutter of a tungsten carbide (G) and a scissors-type yarn cutter of a zirconia ceramic according to the present invention (H), under the following conditions:
- The water jet loom was operated at the rotation velocity of 400 rpm. The weft yarn subjected to cutting comprised a 75-denier, 36-filament polyester yarn.
- For evaluation of the duration, it was regarded that the life of the yarn cutter was over when the cutter committed cutting failure ten times per 1,000,000 picks.
- The duration values found were, in terms of the number of months (24 hours a day, 30 days a month), 2.5 for the cutter F, 4 for the cutter G and 8 for the cutter H.
Claims (12)
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE8383300218T DE3373503D1 (en) | 1983-01-17 | 1983-01-17 | Yarn cutter for shuttleless loom |
EP83300218A EP0113942B2 (en) | 1983-01-17 | 1983-01-17 | Yarn cutter for shuttleless loom |
AT83300218T ATE29533T1 (en) | 1983-01-17 | 1983-01-17 | THREAD TRIMMER FOR SHUTTLELESS LOOM. |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP83300218A EP0113942B2 (en) | 1983-01-17 | 1983-01-17 | Yarn cutter for shuttleless loom |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0113942A1 true EP0113942A1 (en) | 1984-07-25 |
EP0113942B1 EP0113942B1 (en) | 1987-09-09 |
EP0113942B2 EP0113942B2 (en) | 1991-01-23 |
Family
ID=8191030
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP83300218A Expired EP0113942B2 (en) | 1983-01-17 | 1983-01-17 | Yarn cutter for shuttleless loom |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0113942B2 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE29533T1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE3373503D1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0253934A1 (en) * | 1986-07-25 | 1988-01-27 | Toray Industries, Inc. | Slub eliminator |
WO1997014834A1 (en) * | 1995-10-16 | 1997-04-24 | Somet Societa' Meccanica Tessile S.P.A. | Weft cutting device for looms |
CN106048864A (en) * | 2016-08-09 | 2016-10-26 | 浙江和心控股集团有限公司 | Rapier loom |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1121234A (en) * | 1965-06-28 | 1968-07-24 | Magin Desveus Duran | A weft cutter for a loom with a stationary weft supply |
CH520802A (en) * | 1970-05-26 | 1972-03-31 | Fothergill & Harvey Ltd | Method for severing the weft threads of a fabric that is being woven |
-
1983
- 1983-01-17 DE DE8383300218T patent/DE3373503D1/en not_active Expired
- 1983-01-17 AT AT83300218T patent/ATE29533T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1983-01-17 EP EP83300218A patent/EP0113942B2/en not_active Expired
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1121234A (en) * | 1965-06-28 | 1968-07-24 | Magin Desveus Duran | A weft cutter for a loom with a stationary weft supply |
CH520802A (en) * | 1970-05-26 | 1972-03-31 | Fothergill & Harvey Ltd | Method for severing the weft threads of a fabric that is being woven |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0253934A1 (en) * | 1986-07-25 | 1988-01-27 | Toray Industries, Inc. | Slub eliminator |
WO1997014834A1 (en) * | 1995-10-16 | 1997-04-24 | Somet Societa' Meccanica Tessile S.P.A. | Weft cutting device for looms |
CN106048864A (en) * | 2016-08-09 | 2016-10-26 | 浙江和心控股集团有限公司 | Rapier loom |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE3373503D1 (en) | 1987-10-15 |
ATE29533T1 (en) | 1987-09-15 |
EP0113942B1 (en) | 1987-09-09 |
EP0113942B2 (en) | 1991-01-23 |
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