EP0113786A1 - Compresseur à volutes imbriquées avec mécanimsme de contrôle du débit - Google Patents

Compresseur à volutes imbriquées avec mécanimsme de contrôle du débit Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0113786A1
EP0113786A1 EP82306702A EP82306702A EP0113786A1 EP 0113786 A1 EP0113786 A1 EP 0113786A1 EP 82306702 A EP82306702 A EP 82306702A EP 82306702 A EP82306702 A EP 82306702A EP 0113786 A1 EP0113786 A1 EP 0113786A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
holes
end plate
wrap
pair
scroll
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP82306702A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Masaharu Hiraga
Atsushi Mabe
Yuji Yoshii
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sanden Corp
Original Assignee
Sanden Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sanden Corp filed Critical Sanden Corp
Priority to AU91527/82A priority Critical patent/AU561950B2/en
Priority to EP82306702A priority patent/EP0113786A1/fr
Publication of EP0113786A1 publication Critical patent/EP0113786A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C28/00—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, pumps or pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04C28/10—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, pumps or pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids characterised by changing the positions of the inlet or outlet openings with respect to the working chamber
    • F04C28/16—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, pumps or pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids characterised by changing the positions of the inlet or outlet openings with respect to the working chamber using lift valves

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a compressor, and more particularly, to a scroll type compressor for an air conditioning apparatus which includes a mechanism for adjusting the displacement of the compressor.
  • Scroll type fluid displacement apparatus are well known in the prior art.
  • U.S. Patent No. 801,182 discloses a device including two scrolls each having a circular end plate and a spiroidal or involute spiral element. These scrolls are maintained angularly and radially offset so that both spiral elements interfit to make a plurality of line contacts between their spiral curved surfaces to thereby seal off and define at least one pair of fluid pockets.
  • the relative orbital motion of the two scrolls shifts the line contacts along the spiral curved surfaces and, as a result, the volume of the fluid pockets changes. Since the volume of the fluid pockets increases or decreases dependent on the direction of the orbital motion, this scroll type fluid displacement apparatus is applicable to compress, expand or pump fluids.
  • Scroll type fluid displacement apparatus are suitable for use as refrigerant compressors in air conditioners.
  • thermal control in the room or control of the air conditioner is generally accomplished by intermittent operation of the compressor.
  • the refrigerant capacity of the air conditioner for supplemental cooling because of further temperature changes in the room, or for keeping the room at the desired temperature, generally need not be very large.
  • the output of the compressor is controlled by. intermittent operation of the compressor.
  • the relatively large load which is required to drive the compressor is intermittently applied to the driving source.
  • a displacement adjusting mechanism is disclosed in our co-pending application Serial Number 35 6,6 4 8, filed on March 9, 19 8 2 .
  • This latter application discloses a mechanism including a pair of holes formed through one of the end plates of one of the scrolls. The holes are placed in symmetrical positions so that the wrap of the other scroll simultaneously crosses over the holes. In this compressor, the holes are placed within an area between ⁇ end and ⁇ end-2 ⁇ , where ⁇ end is the final involute angle of the wrap.
  • a scroll type compressor includes a pair of scrolls.
  • Each scroll includes an end plate and a wrap extending from one side surface of the end plate.
  • the wraps interfit at an angular and radial offset to make a plurality of line contacts and define at least one pair of sealed off fluid pockets.
  • One of the scrolls (an orbiting scroll) is driven in orbital motion by the rotation of a drive shaft, while the rotation of the orbiting scroll is prevented.
  • the fluid pockets shift along the spiral curved surface of the wrap, which changes the volume of the fluid pockets.
  • One of the end plates has at least two pair of holes formed through it. The holes of each pair of holes are placed in symmetrical positions so that the wrap of the other scroll simultaneously crosses over the holes.
  • the most inwardly placed pair of holes is placed within an area between ⁇ end-27T and ⁇ end-4 ⁇ , where ⁇ end is the final involute angle of the wrap which extends from the end plate having the holes.
  • a further pair of holes is placed within an area between wend and ⁇ end-2 ⁇ .
  • a control device controls the opening and closing of the holes to control the displacement volume of the fluid pockets.
  • compression operates normally and the displacement volume is not changed.
  • the holes are opened by the control device, fluid in the sealed off pockets flows back into the suction chamber through the holes until the spiral element of the other scroll crosses over the inwardly placed pair of holes. The displacement volume in the fluid pockets is thereby reduced, and compression starts at an intermediate stage.
  • Compressor i includes compressor housing 10 having front end plate 11 and cup shaped casing 12 which is attached to an end surface of front end plate 11. Opening III is formed in the center of front end plate 11 for the penetration or passage of drive shaft 13 .
  • Annular projection 112 is formed in a rear end surface of front end plate 11. Annular projection 112 faces cup shaped casing 12 and is concentric with opening 111. An outer peripheral surface of annular projection 112 extends into an inner wall of the opening of cup shaped casing 12 .
  • cup shaped casing 12 is covered by front end plate 11.
  • An 0-ring 14 is placed between the outer peripheral surface of annular projection 112 and the inner wall of the opening of cup shaped casing 12 to seal the mating surfaces of front end plate 11 and cup shaped casing 12 .
  • Annular sleeve 15 projects from the front end surface of front end plate 11 which surrounds drive shaft 13 and defines a shaft seal cavity.
  • sleeve 15 is separate from front end plate 11. Therefore, sleeve 15 is fixed to the front end surface of front end plate 11 by screws 1 6.
  • An O-ring is placed between the end surface of front end plate 11 and the end surface of sleeve 15 to seal the mating surfaces of front end plate 11 and sleeve 15.
  • sleeve 15 may be integral with front end plate 11.
  • Drive shaft 13 is rotatably supported by sleeve 15 through bearing 1 8 located within the front end of sleeve 15.
  • Drive shaft 13 has disk 19 at its inner end which is rotatably supported by front end plate 11 through bearing 20 Icoated within opening 111 of front end plate 11.
  • Shaft seal assembly 21 is coupled to drive shaft 13 within the shaft seal cavity of sleeve 15.
  • Pulley 22 is rotatably supported by bearing 23 which is carried on the outer surface of sleeve 15 .
  • Electromagnetic coil 24 is fixed about the outer surface of sleeve 15 by support plate 25 and is received in an annular cavity of pulley 22 .
  • Armature plate 2 6 is elastically supported on the outer end of drive shaft 13 which extends from sleeve 15.
  • Pulley 22 , magnetic coil 24 and armature plate 2 6 form a magnetic clutch.
  • drive shaft 13 is driven by an external power source, for example the engine of an automobile, through a rotation transmitting device such as the above explained magnetic clutch.
  • a number of elements are located within the inner chamber of cup shaped casing 12 including fixed scroll 27 , orbiting scroll 2 8, a driving mechanism for orbiting scroll 2 8 and a rotation preventing/thrust bearing device for orbiting scroll 2 8.
  • the inner chamber of cup shaped casing 12 is formed between the inner wall of cup shaped casing 12 and the rear end surface of front end plate 11.
  • Fixed scroll 27 includes circular end plate 271 , a wrap or spiral element 272 affixed to or extending from one side surface of end plate 271 .
  • Partition wall 273 axially projects from the opposite side surface of circular end plate 271 .
  • An axial end surface of partition wall 273 is seated against and connected to an inner surface of end plate 121 of cup shaped casing 12 by fasteners (not shown).
  • Circular end plate 271 of fixed scroll 27 partitions the inner chamber of cup shaped casing 12 into first chamber 29 and second chamber 30 .
  • Seal ring 31 is disposed within a circumferential groove of circular end plate 271 to form a seal between the inner wall of cup shaped casing 12 and the outer wall of circular end plate 271.
  • Spiral element 272 of fixed scroll 27 is located within first chamber 29 and partition wall 273 is located within second chamber 30 .
  • Partition wall 273 further divides - second chamber 30 into suction chamber 301 and discharge chamber 302 .
  • Orbiting scroll 2 8 which is located in first chamber 29 , includes circular end plate 281 and a wrap or spiral element 2 8 2 affixed to or extending from one side surface of end plate 2 8 1 .
  • Spiral elements 272 and 2 8 2 interfit at an angular offset of 1 8 0 ° and a predetermined radial offset.
  • the spiral elements define at least a pair of sealed off fluid pockets between their interfitting surfaces.
  • Orbiting scroll 2 8 is rotatably supported by bushing 31 through bearing 32 placed on the outer peripheral surface of bushing 31 .
  • Bushing 31 is connected to an inner end of disk 19 at a point radially offset or eccentric of the axis of drive shaft 13 .
  • Rotation preventing/thrust bearing device 33 is placed between the inner end surface of front end plate 11 and the end surface of end plate 2 8 1 which faces the inner end surface of front end plate 11.
  • Rotation preventing/thrust bearing device 33 includes fixed ring 331 attached to the inner end surface of front end plate member 11, orbiting ring 332 attached to the end surface of end plate 2 8 1 , and a plurality of bearing elements, stch as balls 333 placed between pockets 33I a, 332 a formed through rings 3 3 1 and 332 .
  • the rotation of orbiting scroll 2 8 during its orbital motion is prevented by the interaction of balls 333 with rings 331 , 332 ; and the axial thrust load from orbiting scroll 2 8 is supported on front end plate 11 through balls 333.
  • Cup shaped casing 12 has an inlet port 34 and outlet port 35 for connecting the compressor unit with an external fluid circuit. Fluid is introduced from the external circuit into suction chamber 301 through inlet port 34 and flows into chamber 29 through a connecting hole formed through end plate 271 at a position near its outer peripheral surface. The fluid in chamber 29 is taken into the fluid pockets formed between spiral elements 272 and 2 8 2 . As orbiting scroll 2 8 orbits, the fluid in the fluid pockets moves to the center of the spiral elements and is compressed. The compressed fluid is discharged into discharge chamber 302 from the fluid pockets in the general area of the center of the spiral elements through hole 274 formed through circular end plate 271 . The compressed fluid then is discharged to the external fluid circuit through outlet port 35 .
  • fluid In operation, fluid generally is taken into the fluid pockets formed between spiral elements 272 and 2 8 2 through two open spaces.
  • Each open space is defined between the outer terminal end of one of the spiral elements and the outer wall surface of the outer spiral element.
  • the entrance to these open spaces sequentially open and close during the orbital motion of orbiting scroll 2 8. While the entrance to these open spaces remain open, fluid to be compressed flows into them, but no compression occurs. After the entrance to these open spaces closes, the sealed off fluid pockets are formed, no additional fluid flows into the pockets, and compression begins.
  • the location of the outer terminal end of each spiral element 272 and 2 8 2 is at the final involute angle, therefore, the location of these open spaces is directly related to the final involute angle.
  • the final involute angle ( ⁇ end) at the end of spiral element 272 of fixed scroll 27 is greater than 4 ⁇ .
  • At least two pair of holes 275 , 27 6, 27 8 and 279 are formed in end plate 272 of fixed scroll 27 .
  • the holes of each pair of holes are placed at symmetrical positions so that an axial end surface of spiral element 2 8 2 of orbiting scroll 2 8 simultaneously crosses over the pair of holes.
  • Holes 275 and 27 8 communicate between suction chamber 301 and one of the fluids pockets A, and holes 27 6 and 2 79 communicate between suction chamber 301 and the other fluid pocket A'.
  • Hole 275 of the first pair of holes is placed at a position defined by the involute angle ⁇ 1 and opens along the inner side wall of spiral element 272 .
  • the other hole 27 6 is placed at a position defined by the involute angle ( ⁇ I- ⁇ ) and opens along the outer side wall of spiral element 272 .
  • the preferred area in which to place the first pair of holes 275 and 27 6, as defined by the involute angles, is given by ⁇ end-2 ⁇ > ⁇ I> ⁇ end-4 ⁇ .
  • the holes 275 and 27 6 are simultaneously closed by spiral element 2 8 2 of orbiting scroll 2 8.
  • Hole 27 8 of the second pair of holes is placed at a position defined by the involute angle ⁇ 2 and opens along the inner side wall of spiral element 272 .
  • the other hole 279 is placed at a position defined by the involute angle ( ⁇ 2- ⁇ ) and opens along the outer side wall of spiral element 272 .
  • the preferred area within which to place the second pair of holes 27 8 and 279 , as defined by the involute angles, is given by ⁇ 1+2 ⁇ > ⁇ 2> ⁇ end-2 ⁇ .
  • Holes 275 , 27 6, 27 8 and 279 are formed by drilling into end plate 271 from the side opposite from spiral element 272 . Holes 275 and 27 8 are drilled at a position which overlaps with the inner wall of spiral element 272 , so that a portion of the inner wall of spiral element 272 is removed. Holes 27 6 and 279 are drilled at a position which overlaps the outer wall of spiral element 272 so that a portion of the outer wall of spiral element 272 is removed. This overlapping of hole 275 is shown in detail in Figure 3 . In this arrangement, the axial end surface of each spiral element is provided with a seal 3 6 which forms an axial seal between the spiral element and the facing end plate.
  • Holes 275 , 27 6, 27 8 and 279 are positioned so that they do not connect with the fluid pockets between the spiral elements when spiral element 2 8 2 completely overlaps the holes. This is accomplished by extending a portion of each hole into spiral element 272 with the result that seal element 3 6 in spiral element 2 8 2 remains completely in contact with end plate 271 when spiral element 2 8 2 completely overlaps the holes, while the size of holes 275 , 27 6, 27 8 and 279 are kept sufficiently large.
  • Control mechanism 37 which is located in suction chamber 301 , is connected to the outer peripheral surface of partition wall 273 .
  • Control mechanism 37 includes: (i) a valve member having a plurality of valve plates 371 which are attached to the end surface of end plate 271 at each hole 2 75 , 27 6, 27 8 and 279 ; and ( 2 ) annular shaped electromagnetic coil 372 attached to the outer surface of partition wall 273 .
  • Each valve plate 371 is made of a spring type magnetic material, and is attached to the end surface of end plate 271 by a fastener, such as screw 3 8.
  • Magnetic coil 37 is fitted into groove 277 formed on the outer peripheral surface of partition wall 273 , and is held therein against axial movement by a snap ring 39 , as shown in Figure 5 .
  • the inherent spring tendency of each valve plate 371 pushes it against the opening of a respective hole 2 75 , 2 7 6, 2 7 8 and 279 to thus close the opening of each hole.
  • Valve plates 371 are controlled by the operation of magnetic coil 372 . By activating coil 372 , the valve plates 371 are bent away from the openings in holes 275 , 2 7 6, 2 7 8 and 2 79 . Deactivating coil 371 permits the valve plates to again seal the openings to the holes because of their inherent spring tendency.
  • Magnetic coil 372 is provided with contact portions 372 a at its end surface facing the valve plates 371 .
  • valve plates 371 are drawn away from holes 275 , 27 6, 27 8 and 279 by magnetic coil 372 , they contact portions 37 2 a.
  • each hole 275, 2 7 6, 27 8 and 279 is opened.
  • FIG 6b even though the sealed off fluid pockets have been formed by contact of the terminal ends of the spiral elements with the opposite spiral elements, fluid which has been taken into the sealed off fluid pockets A and A' leaks from the sealed off fluid pockets A, A' back to suction chamber 301 through the second pair of holes 27 8 and 279 as orbiting scroll 2 8 orbits.
  • the axial end surface of spiral element 2 8 2 of orbiting scroll 2 8 simultaneously crosses over the two holes 27 8 and 279 . As shown in Figure 6c, this blocks fluid communication between the fluid pockets A, A' and suction chamber 301 through holes 277 and 27 8.
  • the involute angle location of the first pair of holes 275 and 27 6 is placed within the area between ⁇ end-2 ⁇ and ⁇ end-4 ⁇ .
  • the second pair of holes 27 8 and 279 is placed within the area between Oend and ⁇ end-2 ⁇ . Accordingly, a large reduction of the displacement volume is realized without performing a useless compression operation. If the inward hole 27 6 is placed at ⁇ end-4 ⁇ , the larger the reduction of displacement volume, i.e., the capacity difference between the normal operation and the displacement or volume adjustment operation will be larger. Conversely, if the inward hole 27 6 is placed at ⁇ end-2 ⁇ , the consequent reduction of displacement volume is smaller.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Rotary Pumps (AREA)
EP82306702A 1982-12-15 1982-12-15 Compresseur à volutes imbriquées avec mécanimsme de contrôle du débit Withdrawn EP0113786A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU91527/82A AU561950B2 (en) 1982-12-15 1982-12-15 Capacity control for scroll compressor
EP82306702A EP0113786A1 (fr) 1982-12-15 1982-12-15 Compresseur à volutes imbriquées avec mécanimsme de contrôle du débit

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP82306702A EP0113786A1 (fr) 1982-12-15 1982-12-15 Compresseur à volutes imbriquées avec mécanimsme de contrôle du débit

Publications (1)

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EP0113786A1 true EP0113786A1 (fr) 1984-07-25

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EP82306702A Withdrawn EP0113786A1 (fr) 1982-12-15 1982-12-15 Compresseur à volutes imbriquées avec mécanimsme de contrôle du débit

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AU (1) AU561950B2 (fr)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0119341A1 (fr) 1983-03-21 1984-09-26 Sanden Corporation Dispositif de commande pour un compresseur à déplacement variable dans une installation d'air conditionné
EP0519580A2 (fr) * 1988-08-12 1992-12-23 Mitsubishi Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Compresseur rotatif
BE1008749A3 (fr) * 1994-05-16 1996-07-02 Toyoda Automatic Loom Works Procede et appareil d'alimentation d'air comprime.
EP0754862A1 (fr) * 1995-06-26 1997-01-22 Sanden Corporation Appareil de déplacement de fluide avec dispositif de variation du déplacement
EP0777052A2 (fr) * 1995-12-01 1997-06-04 Ford Motor Company Soupape de contrÔle de capacité pour compresseur à volutes
EP0969209A2 (fr) * 1998-07-01 2000-01-05 Denso Corporation Compresseur à spirales à capacité variable
US6413058B1 (en) * 2000-11-21 2002-07-02 Scroll Technologies Variable capacity modulation for scroll compressor
US6736620B2 (en) * 2001-09-27 2004-05-18 Anest Iwata Corporation Scroll-type fluid machine having at least one inlet or outlet of a plurality able to be closed by a closure member
DE19520757B4 (de) * 1994-06-08 2005-03-31 Denso Corp., Kariya Kältemittel-Spiralkompressor

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU569921B2 (en) * 1984-11-09 1988-02-25 Sanden Corporation Variable capacity scroll compressor

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2385920A1 (fr) * 1977-03-28 1978-10-27 Hitachi Ltd Appareil a volutes pour fluide
EP0043701A2 (fr) * 1980-07-01 1982-01-13 Sanden Corporation Contrôle de capacité pour un appareil de déplacement de fluide à volutes imbriquées
EP0043702A2 (fr) * 1980-07-01 1982-01-13 Sanden Corporation Appareils de déplacement de fluide à volutes imbriquées
EP0060140A1 (fr) * 1981-03-09 1982-09-15 Sanden Corporation Compresseur à volutes à réglage de débit

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2385920A1 (fr) * 1977-03-28 1978-10-27 Hitachi Ltd Appareil a volutes pour fluide
EP0043701A2 (fr) * 1980-07-01 1982-01-13 Sanden Corporation Contrôle de capacité pour un appareil de déplacement de fluide à volutes imbriquées
EP0043702A2 (fr) * 1980-07-01 1982-01-13 Sanden Corporation Appareils de déplacement de fluide à volutes imbriquées
EP0060140A1 (fr) * 1981-03-09 1982-09-15 Sanden Corporation Compresseur à volutes à réglage de débit

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0119341A1 (fr) 1983-03-21 1984-09-26 Sanden Corporation Dispositif de commande pour un compresseur à déplacement variable dans une installation d'air conditionné
EP0519580A2 (fr) * 1988-08-12 1992-12-23 Mitsubishi Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Compresseur rotatif
EP0519580A3 (en) * 1988-08-12 1993-07-07 Mitsubishi Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Rotary compressor
BE1008749A3 (fr) * 1994-05-16 1996-07-02 Toyoda Automatic Loom Works Procede et appareil d'alimentation d'air comprime.
DE19520757B4 (de) * 1994-06-08 2005-03-31 Denso Corp., Kariya Kältemittel-Spiralkompressor
US5860791A (en) * 1995-06-26 1999-01-19 Sanden Corporation Scroll compressor with end-plate valve having a conical passage and a free sphere
EP0754862A1 (fr) * 1995-06-26 1997-01-22 Sanden Corporation Appareil de déplacement de fluide avec dispositif de variation du déplacement
EP0777052A3 (fr) * 1995-12-01 1997-07-30 Ford Motor Co Soupape de contrÔle de capacité pour compresseur à volutes
EP0777052A2 (fr) * 1995-12-01 1997-06-04 Ford Motor Company Soupape de contrÔle de capacité pour compresseur à volutes
EP0969209A2 (fr) * 1998-07-01 2000-01-05 Denso Corporation Compresseur à spirales à capacité variable
EP0969209A3 (fr) * 1998-07-01 2001-07-04 Denso Corporation Compresseur à spirales à capacité variable
US6413058B1 (en) * 2000-11-21 2002-07-02 Scroll Technologies Variable capacity modulation for scroll compressor
US6736620B2 (en) * 2001-09-27 2004-05-18 Anest Iwata Corporation Scroll-type fluid machine having at least one inlet or outlet of a plurality able to be closed by a closure member

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU561950B2 (en) 1987-05-21
AU9152782A (en) 1984-06-21

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Inventor name: MABE, ATSUSHI

Inventor name: HIRAGA, MASAHARU

Inventor name: YOSHII, YUJI