EP0105021A1 - Exercising apparatus for fencing sports - Google Patents

Abstract

In the exercising apparatus, the grip (9a) of a fencing weapon (9) is mounted on a support (10) by a bearing (1) which allows it only two degrees of freedom of rotation. The fencing weapon is brought back into the starting position by a tension spring (11) after each disturbance of balance (by the fencing weapon of the person practising). To improve the exercising apparatus, a thrust can be simulated by the fencing weapon, bearing and support being moved by a drive horizontally back and forth on a rail. The exercising apparatus can also be set up as a children's game. <IMAGE>

Description

In fencing there are a number of actions that are performed when the opposing blade is touched, e.g. B. Blade binding, blade strokes and parades. These actions in particular have to be practiced a lot. This is complicated by two facts: 1. There is not always a fencing coach available; 2. Even with a fencing trainer or training partner, you can usually not practice fencing as long and as fast as it would be necessary to master them safely after a short time.

In addition, fencing coaches often suffer from worn knee and elbow joints, which is largely due to the fact that they have to practice routine lessons involving blade contact with students time and again.

For these reasons, there has long been a need for a fencing exercise device on which actions with touching the blade can be practiced. When developing such a device, there is the difficulty that the opponent's hand guiding the blade and thus the blade executes large spatial movements with 6 degrees of freedom (ie right-left, up-down, forward-back and rotations around the 3 spatial axes), the 3 translations are particularly important. There are all possibilities of movement of the hand, i. H. 6 degrees of freedom necessary to simulate the reaction of a fencing partner. Until now, experts were convinced that the spatial movements of the hand can be reproduced as precisely as possible with such an exercise device, the most important and indispensable being right-left translation.

So in German utility model No. 7838853 (hereinafter referred to as "1") all movement possibilities of the hand were realized by the fact that a fencing blade was used on all sides is movably attached to a support and a spring determines the blade position. However, this teaching has not proven itself in practice because the reactions of the blade of the exercise device with regard to counterforce, speed of movement and trajectory could not be adjusted so that practicing was realistic. (According to the applicant of "1") In "1" there is a mistake in the drawings, since the symbol A "is used to fasten the blade to the carrier, which usually means a linear tilt bearing and thus 1 degree of freedom of rotation by one horizontal axis, but this statement is completely unsuitable as a training device because it does not allow fencing to be practiced and the reactions of a fencing partner cannot be simulated.

Four other, previously published exercise fencing devices for sport fencing did not achieve the desired exercise effect and were therefore not widely used. These are the exercise devices according to German laid-open specification 2355573 and 3 Russian patent specifications 429824, 489515 and 544439.

The object of the present invention is to develop an exercise device for sports fencing, which a variety of exercise options with all 3 fencing weapons, d. H. Foil, epee and saber enabled, and is simply constructed.

In a further development of the German utility model No. 7838853, the object is achieved according to the invention in that the bearing between the fencing weapon and the carrier is only available in two degrees of freedom of rotation relative to the carrier. At this solution of the task it is completely unexpected for fencers that with so much reduced possibilities of movement, namely that the handle of the fencing weapon does not move in the room, but rests in one point of the room and only turns in 2 directions can turn this, a very versatile practice of fencing actions with good training effect is possible. With the invention, a fencing training device was created for the first time, with which very good training results have been achieved. Further advantages of the invention are that it is very simple in construction, requires very little maintenance and is not very susceptible to faults.

The subject matter of the invention is explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings, for example.

• Fig. 1 - Lagerung als Gabel ausgeführt, Seitenansicht
• Fig. 2 - wie Fig. l,Vorderansicht
• Fig. 3 - Klemmstück für Gabelausführung, Seitenansicht
• Fig. 4 - wie Fig. 3, Vorderansicht
• Fig. 5 - Zusammenstellungszeichnung, Seitenansicht
• Fig. 6 - Lagerung als Kugelgelenk ausgeführt mit Klemmstück
• Fig. 7 - Zusammenstellungzeichnung mit denen eine Hand simulierenden Treffflächen, Seitenansicht
• Fig. 8 - Einstellmöglichkeit des Säbels relativ zum Klemmstück, 8a) Seitenansicht, 8b) Vorderansicht

Show it:

• Fig. 1 - Storage carried out as a fork, side view
• Fig. 2 - as Fig. L, front view
• Fig. 3 - clamping piece for fork design, side view
• Fig. 4 - as Fig. 3, front view
• Fig. 5 - assembly drawing, side view
• Fig. 6 - Storage performed as a ball joint with a clamping piece
• Fig. 7 - assembly drawing with which a hand simulating meeting surfaces, side view
• Fig. 8 - possibility of adjusting the saber relative to the clamping piece, 8a) side view, 8b) front view

The invention can in particular be implemented in two versions.

1st embodiment:

The storage consists of a fork 1, on the horizontal part la of a bearing pin 2 is attached. This journal 2 runs in a slide bearing 13 of the carrier 10 and thus enables a horizontal rotation of the fork 1 relative to the carrier 10. Through the two vertical ends lb of the fork, an axis 4 runs, on which the clamping piece 5 is rotatably supported relative to the fork 1 is. In the clamp, the handle 9a of the fencing weapon 9 is fastened so that the fencing weapons (foil, epee and saber) quickly ge are interchangeable. On the side of the clamping piece 5 facing away from the fencing weapon 9, behind the pivot points of the bearing, a spring 11 is fastened, which is fastened to the carrier 10 at the other end 8, 8a in such a way that the prestress is adjustable. The spring 11 causes the fencing weapon 9 to return to the starting position after each deflection (by the practitioner's fencing weapon). The bearings of the axes can consist of spherical cylindrical rollers or roller bearings.

2nd embodiment:

A ball joint 15 serves as storage, the ball joint 15 having to be such that a tilt angle of 30-60 ° can be reached. The bolt 16 is fastened in the carrier 10.

The bearings in embodiment 1 + 2 are designed 3, 14, 18 so that the frictional forces in the bearings can be changed, and so the vibration behavior and thus the response time of the device is adjustable.

In order to simulate an attack and thus further increase the training possibilities, it is possible according to the invention to design the wearer in such a way that he can move back and forth towards the practitioner together with the blade, bearing and support during the action. This movement can be done by an electric motor, electromagnets or other mechanical, electrical or magnetic devices. The control impulses for the drive described above can be triggered by touching the blade, by operating a hand or foot switch, stochastically or by a combination of these options.

The most varied possible use of the fencing training device is achieved according to the present invention in that the fencing blades can be changed quickly; it is possible to use a device for foil, epee or saber fencing. The possibility of quick blade change is achieved according to the present invention in that the handle 9a of the blade 9 is clamped in a clamping piece 5, 17.

Since epee fencing also includes hands as hitting areas, the hand that guides the blade, but is protected by the bell of the weapon, it is a frequently used action in epee fencing to get the opponent's blade out of the direction so that his hand hits can be. The object of designing a target surface so that it simulates the movement of the hand guiding the fencing blade has been achieved according to the present invention by using hand-like objects 21 (e.g. half a cylinder shell or plate) as target surfaces on the blade grip piece 9a or the clamping piece 5, 17 are attached so that the meeting surface is inaccessible for the practitioner in the rest position. When the exercise device blade 9 is pushed from the direction, the palm of the hand is released and can be hit.

For the training of saber fencing, it is important that the saber 22 does not have its starting position in the extension of the longitudinal axis of the training device, like sword and foil, but can be brought into different starting positions (FIG. 8). This problem is solved according to the invention in that a saber 22 is connected to the clamping piece 5, 17 in such a way that it has three degrees of freedom of adjustment.

Similar to the fencing manikin known from German Offenlegungsschrift 2355573, it makes sense not to make the carrier 10 rigid, but to provide it with joints that can be fixed in different positions, with an additional height adjustment being possible.

In order to improve the exercise effect, it is useful to measure the reaction times of the practitioner. According to another invention, this object is achieved in that the Bewe of the practitioner can be broken down into the following intervals, of which the times are measured: 1.) from the stochatically triggered start signal (optically or acoustically) until the fencing blade strikes the target area; 2.) from the start signal above until the two blades touch; 3.) from the first step of the practitioner (floor step switch) until the fencing blade hits the meeting area; 4.) from touching the two blades until the fencing blade strikes the target.

The advantage of this time measurement is that the practitioner knows at which movement interval he is still too slow and which one he can practice specifically. Simplified, it is also possible to measure the times from only one of the above intervals.

In a correspondingly reduced dimension, this device is also very suitable as a children's toy.

Claims (14)

1) Exercise device for sport fencing with movable attachment of a fencing weapon (9) on its handle (9a) on a carrier (10) and an adjustable tension spring (11) which returns the fencing weapon (9) to a starting position, characterized in that the Handle (9a) of the fencing weapon (9) is only supported with 2 degrees of freedom of rotation on the carrier (10). 2) Exercise device according to claim 1, characterized in that the bearing (1) is in the form of two consecutively arranged, not in one plane axes (2, 4). 3) Exercise device according to claim 2, characterized in that the axes (2, 4) are arranged perpendicular to each other, the first axis (2) rotating between the bearing (1) and the carrier (10) and the second axis (4th ) allows rotation between the bearing (1) and the fencing blade (9). 4) exercise device according to claim 3, characterized in that the bearing consists of a fork (1), on the horizontal part (la) of which a bearing journal (2) is fastened, which runs in a bearing (13) of the carrier (10), an axis (4) is fastened between the two vertical ends (lb) of the fork (1), on which a clamping piece (5) for receiving the fencing blade (9) is rotatably mounted. 5) Training device according to claim 1, characterized in that the bearing between the fencing weapon (9) and the carrier (10) consists of a ball joint (15) which has a tilt angle of 30-60 °. 6) Exercise device according to one of claims 1-4, characterized in that between the quickly detachable connection fencing weapon (9) and storage (1) a clamping piece (5) is provided that contains the following elements: 1.) a bearing (6) through which the second axis (4) runs; 2.) perpendicular to this a through hole (7) for receiving the handle (9a); 3.) a parting line (8) which is attached so that it is possible by means of a clamping device to reduce the diameter of the through hole (7) so that the handle (9a) can be non-positively connected to the clamping piece (5); 4.) an attachment option (5a) for the spring, so that the force application point of the spring lies behind both axes of rotation. 7) exercise device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the bearing friction is adjustable (3, 14, 18). 8) Exercise device according to claim 5, characterized in that in order to achieve a stable but quickly releasable connection between the handle (9a), spring (11) and storage (1) the clamping piece (17) is designed as a rod, at the rear end ( 19) the spring (11) can be fastened, at the front end of which the handle (9a) can be clamped by a quick-action clamp lock (20), and which has a counter bearing (17a) in the central part, which is located on the joint bearing (15 ) against the spring balancer. 9) Exercise device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that one or more surfaces are attached to the handle (9a) or to the clamping piece (5 or 17), so that it is only accessible to the practitioner's blade when the blade of the exercise device is brought out of the starting position. 10) Exercise device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a saber (22) is connected to the same so that it by 3 degrees of freedom Rotation in different positions can be rigidly connected to the clamping piece (5, 17). 11) Training device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a part of the carrier (10) with fencing weapon (9) and storage (1, 15) can be moved back and forth with a drive. 12) Exercise device according to claim 11, characterized in that control pulses for the drive are triggered stochatically, after touching the blade or after actuating a hand or foot switch or by a combination of these possibilities. 13) Exercise device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an electronic stopwatch can be started and stopped optionally from different switches to measure the reaction times of the exerciser. 14) Exercise device according to claim 13, characterized in that the same contains the following switch: 1.) Start switch, which switches simultaneously with a stochastic, optical or ₀ acoustic signal; 2.) Switch designed as a floor plate that switches when the practitioner touches the foot; 3) switch, the real-sound by touching the _F on the exerciser and the exercise device; 4.) Stop switch, which switches when the fencing blade of the practitioner hits the meeting surface.

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