EP0100869A1 - Method of lowering the titanium and aluminium content of block iron - Google Patents

Method of lowering the titanium and aluminium content of block iron Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0100869A1
EP0100869A1 EP83106603A EP83106603A EP0100869A1 EP 0100869 A1 EP0100869 A1 EP 0100869A1 EP 83106603 A EP83106603 A EP 83106603A EP 83106603 A EP83106603 A EP 83106603A EP 0100869 A1 EP0100869 A1 EP 0100869A1
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Prior art keywords
block iron
block
titanium
iron
additives
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EP83106603A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Klaus Dr. Frank
Joachim Dr. Kandler
Hans-Dieter Thiel
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Hoechst AG
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Hoechst AG
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B1/00—Shaft or like vertical or substantially vertical furnaces
    • F27B1/08—Shaft or like vertical or substantially vertical furnaces heated otherwise than by solid fuel mixed with charge
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C1/00—Refining of pig-iron; Cast iron
    • C21C1/08—Manufacture of cast-iron

Definitions

  • a by-product is a metallic phase which generally consists of about 8 to 20% by weight of silicon, about 3 to 9% by weight of titanium, about 0.5 to 7% by weight % Aluminum, small amounts of carbon, phosphorus and sulfur and the rest iron. Since this metallic phase forms as a solid block under the solidified corundum melt, it is referred to by the person skilled in the art as "block iron". Basically, the block iron is therefore a ferrosilicon-titanium alloy.
  • block iron After grinding as a heavy substance for the preparation of heavy turbidity for the swimming separation of minerals.
  • block iron could also be used as a valuable raw material in iron metallurgy due to its silicon content, this form of application has not been feasible due to the relatively high titanium content. Titanium has a disruptive effect here, since it forms titanium carbide with carbon and titanium nitride with nitrogen, both of which precipitate out of molten iron, which deteriorates the properties of the material.
  • the object is achieved in such a way that the block iron is melted in the presence of certain additives.
  • the invention thus relates to a process for reducing the titanium and aluminum content in block irons, which is characterized in that lumpy block irons in the presence of respectively lumpy limestone and coke and optionally broken glass and / or magnetite as additives at a temperature of about 1350 to 1600 0 C melts and separates the metal melt from the slag melt from the melt forming two layers.
  • Another preferred embodiment of the invention consists in that, based on the amount by weight of block iron, starts.
  • the block iron can essentially Finally, the remelting of the block iron according to the invention is preferably carried out in the presence of the additives in a cold wind cupola furnace with a low hearth, the air blown into the cupola furnace via the wind conduit being supposed to have an oxygen concentration of approximately 21 to 25% by volume due to the addition of oxygen.
  • the process of the invention can be carried out continuously and enables the titanium content of the block iron to be reduced to, for example, 0.4% by weight and the aluminum content to 0.03% by weight, i.e. that a product is obtained which is approximately comparable in composition to the furnace ferrosilicon.
  • the cold-wind cupola furnace as used for melting malleable cast iron, proved to be suitable for carrying out the process according to the invention.
  • the stove and the lower half of the shaft are initially charged with coke, the coke is ignited in the nozzle plane and burned by turning the wind, causing the stove and shaft to heat up and bring them to the required operating temperature.
  • predetermined amounts of block iron, coke, limestone and possibly broken glass and magnetite are filled into the furnace shaft from the top.
  • further batches of the charging material are refilled into the shaft from above, so that there are always about three in the shaft There are sets of content.
  • the temperature in the cooker and shaft is determined by the air flow blown into the shaft via the wind pipe and the coke combustion caused thereby.
  • Oxygen can also be introduced into the wind pipe; in this way it is possible to vary the oxygen content of the wind between about 21 and 25 vol%.
  • the ferrosilicon alloy obtained by the process according to the invention can be used, for example, as a foam carrier in the iron and steel industry and as a raw material for the production of atomized ferrosilicon 15 for sink-float processing.
  • Block iron and aggregates had the grain size and composition shown in Table 1.

Abstract

Lumps of block iron are remelted in the presence of limestone and coke, each in the form of lumps, and, if appropriate, glass cullet and/or magnetite as additives at a temperature of about 1350 to 1600 DEG C and the melt forming two layers is separated into the molten metal and the molten slag.

Description

Bei der Herstellung von Schmelzkorund aus Bauxit im elektrischen Lichtbogen bei über 2000°C fällt als Beiprodukt eine metallische Phase an, die im allgemeinen aus etwa 8 bis 20 Gew% Silizium, etwa 3 bis 9 Gew% Titan, etwa 0,5 bis 7 Gew% Aluminium, geringen Mengen an Kohlenstoff, Phosphor und Schwefel sowie Rest Eisen besteht. Da diese metallische Phase sich als fester Block unter der erstarrten Korundschmelze bildet, wird sie vom Fachmann als "Blockeisen" bezeichnet. Grundsätzlich stellt das Blockeisen somit eine Ferrosilizium-Titanlegierung dar.In the production of fused alumina from bauxite in an electric arc at over 2000 ° C., a by-product is a metallic phase which generally consists of about 8 to 20% by weight of silicon, about 3 to 9% by weight of titanium, about 0.5 to 7% by weight % Aluminum, small amounts of carbon, phosphorus and sulfur and the rest iron. Since this metallic phase forms as a solid block under the solidified corundum melt, it is referred to by the person skilled in the art as "block iron". Basically, the block iron is therefore a ferrosilicon-titanium alloy.

Nach der DE-PS 1 030 272 ist es bekannt, das Blockeisen nach dem Vermahlen als Schwerstoff zur Bereitung von Schweretrüben für die Schwimmsinkscheidung von Mineralien zu verwenden. Obwohl das Blockeisen wegen seines Siliziumgehaltes auch als wertvoller Rohstoff in der Eisenmetallurgie einsetzbar wäre, war diese Anwendungsform bisher aufgrund des relativ hohen Titangehaltes nicht realisierbar. Titan wirkt hierbei störend, da es mit Kohlenstoff Titancarbid und mit Stickstoff Titannitrid bildet, welche beide aus Eisenschmelzen ausfallen, wodurch die Eigenschaften des Werkstoffs verschlechtert werden.According to DE-PS 1 030 272, it is known to use the block iron after grinding as a heavy substance for the preparation of heavy turbidity for the swimming separation of minerals. Although block iron could also be used as a valuable raw material in iron metallurgy due to its silicon content, this form of application has not been feasible due to the relatively high titanium content. Titanium has a disruptive effect here, since it forms titanium carbide with carbon and titanium nitride with nitrogen, both of which precipitate out of molten iron, which deteriorates the properties of the material.

Es bestand nunmehr die Aufgabe, Mittel und Wege zur Verminderung des Titan- und Aluminiumgehaltes in Blockeisen zu finden, um eine vielseitig verwendbare Ferrosiliziumlegierung, welche annähernd dem Hochofenferrosilizium gleichzusetzen ist, zu erhalten.The task now was to find ways and means of reducing the titanium and aluminum content in block irons in order to obtain a versatile ferrosilicon alloy, which is roughly equivalent to blast furnace ferrosilicon.

Die Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß derart gelöst, daß man das Blockeisen in Gegenwart bestimmter Zuschlagstoffe umschmilzt.The object is achieved in such a way that the block iron is melted in the presence of certain additives.

Die Erfindung betrifft somit ein Verfahren zur Verminderung des Titan- und Aluminiumgehaltes in Blockeisen, welches dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, daß man stückiges Blockeisen in Gegenwart von jeweils stückigem Kalkstein und Koks sowie gegebenenfalls Glasbruch und/oder Magnetit als Zuschlagsstoffe bei einer Temperatur von etwa 1350 bis 16000C umschmilzt und aus der zwei Schichten bildenden Schmelze die Metallschmelze von der Schlackenschmelze abtrennt.The invention thus relates to a process for reducing the titanium and aluminum content in block irons, which is characterized in that lumpy block irons in the presence of respectively lumpy limestone and coke and optionally broken glass and / or magnetite as additives at a temperature of about 1350 to 1600 0 C melts and separates the metal melt from the slag melt from the melt forming two layers.

Es hat sich für den Ablauf des Verfahrens der Erfindung als vorteilhaft erwiesen, wenn die eingesetzten Produkte folgende Korngrößen besitzen:

Figure imgb0001
It has proven advantageous for the course of the process of the invention if the products used have the following grain sizes:
Figure imgb0001

Eine weitere bevorzugte Ausführungsform der Erfindung besteht darin, daß man, bezogen auf die Gewichtsmenge des Blockeisens,

Figure imgb0002
einsetzt.Another preferred embodiment of the invention consists in that, based on the amount by weight of block iron,
Figure imgb0002
 starts.

Das Blockeisen kann im wesentlichen

Figure imgb0003
Schließlich wird das erfindungsgemäße Umschmelzen des Blockeisens in Gegenwart der Zuschlagstoffe mit Vorzug in einem Kaltwind-Kupolofen mit niedrigem Herd durchgeführt, wobei die über die Windleitung in den Kupolofen eingeblasene Luft durch Zusatz von Sauerstoff eine Sauerstoffkonzentration von etwa 21 bis 25 Vol% aufweisen soll.The block iron can essentially
Figure imgb0003
 Finally, the remelting of the block iron according to the invention is preferably carried out in the presence of the additives in a cold wind cupola furnace with a low hearth, the air blown into the cupola furnace via the wind conduit being supposed to have an oxygen concentration of approximately 21 to 25% by volume due to the addition of oxygen.

Das Verfahren der Erfindung ist kontinuierlich durchführbar und ermöglicht die Reduzierung des Titangehaltes des Blockeisens auf beispielsweise 0,4 Gew% und des Aluminiumgehaltes auf 0,03 Gew%, d.h. daß ein Produkt erhalten wird, das in seiner Zusammensetzung angenähert mit dem Hochofenferrosilizium vergleichbar ist.The process of the invention can be carried out continuously and enables the titanium content of the block iron to be reduced to, for example, 0.4% by weight and the aluminum content to 0.03% by weight, i.e. that a product is obtained which is approximately comparable in composition to the furnace ferrosilicon.

Zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens erwies sich der Kaltwind-Kupolofen, wie er zum Erschmelzen von Temperguß verwendet wird, als geeignet. Zum Betrieb des Ofens werden Herd und Schachtunterhälfte zunächst mit Koks beschickt, der Koks in der Düsenebene gezündet und durch Anstellen des Windes verbrannt, wodurch Herd und Ofenschacht heißgefahren und auf die erforderliche Betriebstemperatur gebracht werden. Anschließend werden satzweise vorbestimmte Mengen an Blockeisen, Koks, Kalkstein und gegebenenfalls Glasbruch und Magnetit von oben in den Ofenschacht gefüllt. In gleichem Maße, wie durch den Schmelzvorgang die Schachtfüllung abgebaut wird, werden von oben weitere Ansätze des Beschickungsmaterials in den Schacht nachgefüllt, so daß im Schacht stets etwa 3 Sätze Inhalt vorhanden sind. Die Temperatur im Herd und Schacht wird von dem über die Windleitung in den Schacht eingeblasenen Luftstrom und der damit bewirkten Koksverbrennung bestimmt. In die Windleitung kann zusätzlich Sauerstoff eingeführt werden; auf diese Weise wird es ermöglicht, den Sauerstoffgehalt des Windes zwischen etwa 21 und 25 Vol% zu variieren. Metall- und Schlackenschmelze werden nach Verlassen des Herdes durch das Abstichloch einem Siphon zugeführt, wo sich das flüssige Metall von der Schlakkenschmelze trennt. Die Schlackenschmelze wird in einem mit Sand ausgekleideten Eisengefäß bis zur Erstarrung abgekühlt, wogegen das flüssige Metall in eine vorgeheizte Gießpfanne aufgenommen und anschließend in einem Sandbett zu ausgeformten Masseln vergossen wird.The cold-wind cupola furnace, as used for melting malleable cast iron, proved to be suitable for carrying out the process according to the invention. To operate the furnace, the stove and the lower half of the shaft are initially charged with coke, the coke is ignited in the nozzle plane and burned by turning the wind, causing the stove and shaft to heat up and bring them to the required operating temperature. Then predetermined amounts of block iron, coke, limestone and possibly broken glass and magnetite are filled into the furnace shaft from the top. To the same extent as the shaft filling is broken down by the melting process, further batches of the charging material are refilled into the shaft from above, so that there are always about three in the shaft There are sets of content. The temperature in the cooker and shaft is determined by the air flow blown into the shaft via the wind pipe and the coke combustion caused thereby. Oxygen can also be introduced into the wind pipe; in this way it is possible to vary the oxygen content of the wind between about 21 and 25 vol%. After leaving the hearth, molten metal and slag are fed through the tap hole to a siphon, where the liquid metal separates from the slag melt. The slag melt is cooled to solidification in an iron vessel lined with sand, whereas the liquid metal is taken up in a preheated ladle and then poured into shaped pellets in a sand bed.

Die nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren erhaltene Ferrosiliziumlegierung kann beispielsweise als Schaumträger in der Eisen- und Stahlindustrie sowie als Rohstoff für die Herstellung von verdüstem Ferrosilizium 15 für die Sink-Schwimm-Aufbereitung verwendet werden.The ferrosilicon alloy obtained by the process according to the invention can be used, for example, as a foam carrier in the iron and steel industry and as a raw material for the production of atomized ferrosilicon 15 for sink-float processing.

Beispielexample

Es wurden in 11 unter verschiedenen Verfahrensbedingungen durchgeführten Versuchen jeweils größere Mengen Blockeisen in Sätzen von 200 kg in Gegenwart unterschiedlicher Mengen an Zuschlagsstoffen in einem Kaltwind-Kupolofen mit einem Durchmesser von ca. 500 mm, gemessen in Höhe der Düsenebene, bei Temperaturen von 1400 - 1500°C umgeschmolzen, wobei die eingeblasene Windmenge 23 Nm3/Minute und der Sauerstoffgehalt im Wind 21 bis 25 Vol% betrug. In dem Maße, wie durch das Schmelzen die Schachtfüllung vermindert wurde, wurden von oben weitere Ansätze des Beschickungsmaterials in den Schacht nachgefüllt, so daß im Schacht stets etwa 3 Sätze vorlagen.In 11 tests carried out under different process conditions, larger amounts of ingots in sets of 200 kg each in the presence of different amounts of aggregates in a cold wind cupola furnace with a diameter of approx. 500 mm, measured at the level of the nozzle plane, at temperatures of 1400 - 1500 ° C remelted, the amount of wind blown 23 Nm 3 / minute and the oxygen content in the wind was 21 to 25 vol%. To the extent that the shaft filling was reduced by melting, further batches of the feed material were refilled into the shaft from above, so that there were always about 3 sets in the shaft.

Blockeisen und Zuschlagstoffe besaßen die in Tabelle 1 ausgewiesene Körnung und Zusammensetzung.

Figure imgb0004
Block iron and aggregates had the grain size and composition shown in Table 1.
Figure imgb0004

Metall- und Schlackenschmelze wurden durch das Stichloch des Herdes abgezogen und im Siphon getrennt. Die gemäß den Versuchen jeweils erhaltenen Metallschmelzen wurden nach Erkalten analysiert. Die Analysenergebnisse sowie weitere wesentliche Versuchsparameter sind aus der Tabelle 2 ersichtlich. Zur Beurteilung der Fließfähigkeit der Schmelze wurde folgende Bewertungsskala zugrunde gelegt:

  • 1 = Schlacke fließt nicht
  • 2 = Schlacke fließt schlecht
  • 3 = Schlacke fließt gut
  • 4 = Schlacke fließt sehr gut
Molten metal and slag were withdrawn through the tap hole of the hearth and separated in the siphon. The metal melts obtained in each case according to the tests were analyzed after cooling. The analysis results and other essential test parameters are shown in Table 2. The following evaluation scale was used to assess the flowability of the melt:
  • 1 = slag does not flow
  • 2 = slag flows poorly
  • 3 = slag flows well
  • 4 = slag flows very well

Wie aus Tabelle 2 hervorgeht,wird eine optimale Reduzierung der Titangehalte in den analysierten Legierungen auf weniger als 0,7 % nur dann erreicht, wenn der Ansatz aus Blockeisen, Kalk und Koks auch Magnetit und Glasbruch als Zuschlagstoffe enthält, wobei Magnetit als festes Oxidationsmittel und der Glasbruch als Schlackenbildner und Flußmittel dient.

Figure imgb0005
As can be seen from Table 2, an optimal reduction of the titanium content in the analyzed alloys to less than 0.7% can only be achieved if the block iron, lime and coke mixture also contains magnetite and broken glass as additives, with magnetite as a solid oxidizing agent and the broken glass serves as a slag generator and flux.
Figure imgb0005

Claims (6)

1. Verfahren zur Verminderung des Titan- und Aluminiumgehaltes in Blockeisen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man stückiges Blockeisen in Gegenwart von jeweils stückigem Kalkstein und Koks sowie gegebenenfalls Glasbruch und/oder Magnetit als Zuschlagsstoffe bei einer Temperatur von etwa 1350 bis 1600°C umschmilzt und aus der zwei Schichten bildenden Schmelze die Metallschmelze von der Schlackenschmelze abtrennt.1. A process for reducing the titanium and aluminum content in block irons, characterized in that lumpy block iron in the presence of lumpy limestone and coke and optionally broken glass and / or magnetite as additives at a temperature of about 1350 to 1600 ° C and melted of the two-layer melt separates the molten metal from the slag melt. 2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die eingesetzten Produkte folgende Korngrößen besitzen:
Figure imgb0006
 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the products used have the following grain sizes:
Figure imgb0006
 3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man, bezogen auf die Gewichtsmenge des Blockeisens,
Figure imgb0007
 einsetzt.3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, based on the weight of the block iron,
Figure imgb0007
 starts. 4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1-3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Blockeisen im Wesentlichen
Figure imgb0008
 4. The method according to claim 1-3, characterized in that the block iron essentially
Figure imgb0008
 5. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1-4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man das Umschmelzen des Blockeisens in Gegenwart der Zuschlagsstoffe in einem Kaltwind-Kupolofen mit niedrigem Herd durchführt.5. The method according to claim 1-4, characterized in that one carries out the remelting of the block iron in the presence of the additives in a cold wind cupola furnace with a low stove. 6. Verfahren nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die über die Windleitung in den Kupolofen eingeblasene Luft durch Zusatz von Sauerstoff eine Sauerstoffkonzentration von etwa 21 bis 25 Vol% aufweist.6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that the air blown into the cupola via the wind pipe has an oxygen concentration of about 21 to 25 vol% by adding oxygen.
EP83106603A 1982-07-19 1983-07-06 Method of lowering the titanium and aluminium content of block iron Withdrawn EP0100869A1 (en)

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DE19823226992 DE3226992A1 (en) 1982-07-19 1982-07-19 METHOD FOR REDUCING THE TITANIUM AND ALUMINUM CONTENT IN BLOCK IRON
DE3226992 1982-07-19

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1055506C (en) * 1997-07-07 2000-08-16 梅嵩 Use of low titanium ferro-silicon in cast iron

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2797988A (en) * 1956-01-18 1957-07-02 Pittsburgh Metallurg Company I Process of producing metal alloys of low impurity content
DE1058081B (en) * 1955-03-12 1959-05-27 Knapsack Ag Process for the production of ferrosilicon powder with a smooth surface
US3325278A (en) * 1964-05-07 1967-06-13 Union Carbide Corp Alloy purification process
US3511647A (en) * 1967-02-06 1970-05-12 Dow Chemical Co Purification of ferro-silicon alloys

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1058081B (en) * 1955-03-12 1959-05-27 Knapsack Ag Process for the production of ferrosilicon powder with a smooth surface
US2797988A (en) * 1956-01-18 1957-07-02 Pittsburgh Metallurg Company I Process of producing metal alloys of low impurity content
US3325278A (en) * 1964-05-07 1967-06-13 Union Carbide Corp Alloy purification process
US3511647A (en) * 1967-02-06 1970-05-12 Dow Chemical Co Purification of ferro-silicon alloys

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
VDG: PRAXIS DES SCHMELZENS IM KUPOLOFEN 1969, GIESSEREI-VERLAG, Düsseldorf, Seite 127 *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1055506C (en) * 1997-07-07 2000-08-16 梅嵩 Use of low titanium ferro-silicon in cast iron

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