EP0100708B1 - Verfahren und Gerät zur Sammlung von seismischen Signalen in einem Bohrloch - Google Patents

Verfahren und Gerät zur Sammlung von seismischen Signalen in einem Bohrloch Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0100708B1
EP0100708B1 EP83401434A EP83401434A EP0100708B1 EP 0100708 B1 EP0100708 B1 EP 0100708B1 EP 83401434 A EP83401434 A EP 83401434A EP 83401434 A EP83401434 A EP 83401434A EP 0100708 B1 EP0100708 B1 EP 0100708B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sonde
fact
anchoring member
borehole
pad
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP83401434A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0100708A3 (en
EP0100708A2 (de
Inventor
Jean-Luc Roger Auguste Louis Decorps
Guy Blanpain
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Services Petroliers Schlumberger SA
Schlumberger NV
Schlumberger Ltd USA
Original Assignee
Societe de Prospection Electrique Schlumberger SA
Schlumberger NV
Schlumberger Ltd USA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Societe de Prospection Electrique Schlumberger SA, Schlumberger NV, Schlumberger Ltd USA filed Critical Societe de Prospection Electrique Schlumberger SA
Priority to AT83401434T priority Critical patent/ATE30272T1/de
Publication of EP0100708A2 publication Critical patent/EP0100708A2/de
Publication of EP0100708A3 publication Critical patent/EP0100708A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0100708B1 publication Critical patent/EP0100708B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B23/00—Apparatus for displacing, setting, locking, releasing or removing tools, packers or the like in boreholes or wells
    • E21B23/01—Apparatus for displacing, setting, locking, releasing or removing tools, packers or the like in boreholes or wells for anchoring the tools or the like
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
    • E21B17/10—Wear protectors; Centralising devices, e.g. stabilisers
    • E21B17/1014—Flexible or expansible centering means, e.g. with pistons pressing against the wall of the well
    • E21B17/1021—Flexible or expansible centering means, e.g. with pistons pressing against the wall of the well with articulated arms or arcuate springs
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
    • G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
    • G01V1/40—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting specially adapted for well-logging
    • G01V1/42—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting specially adapted for well-logging using generators in one well and receivers elsewhere or vice versa
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
    • G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
    • G01V1/40—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting specially adapted for well-logging
    • G01V1/52—Structural details
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
    • G01V11/00—Prospecting or detecting by methods combining techniques covered by two or more of main groups G01V1/00 - G01V9/00
    • G01V11/002—Details, e.g. power supply systems for logging instruments, transmitting or recording data, specially adapted for well logging, also if the prospecting method is irrelevant
    • G01V11/005—Devices for positioning logging sondes with respect to the borehole wall
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
    • G01V2210/00—Details of seismic processing or analysis
    • G01V2210/10—Aspects of acoustic signal generation or detection
    • G01V2210/16—Survey configurations
    • G01V2210/161—Vertical seismic profiling [VSP]

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the acquisition of seismic signals at different levels in a borehole, in response to the generation of seismic waves by a source placed on the surface or in the vicinity of the surface.
  • a probe comprising an elongated body, means for detecting seismic waves, an anchoring member articulated on the body, an elastic device acting to move the anchoring member away from the body. probe so as to place it in contact with the borehole wall and a motor device capable of placing the anchoring member in the folded position against the action of the elastic device
  • the invention aims to achieve the acquisition of seismic signals in a drilling optimally from the point of view of speed.
  • the subject of the invention is, according to a first aspect, a method of acquiring seismic signals at successive levels in a borehole by means of a probe of the indicated type, characterized in that: to each of said levels, one applies to the anchoring member, in the separated position, by means of the motor device, a force capable of making it integral with the wall of the borehole, then, once at least one detection signal has been obtained, a force capable of dissociating the wall anchoring member, and the probe is moved from one level to another, leaving the anchoring member in the separated position under the action of the elastic device.
  • Maintaining the anchoring member in the open position during movements between successive levels represents a significant time saving, since this avoids having to close the anchoring member at the end of the measurements at one level. and open it upon arrival at the next level.
  • This characteristic is also used to make a log of the formations during these displacements, for example a measurement of microresistivity by means of an electrode placed on the pad and thus remaining constantly in contact with the wall. This makes it possible to precisely determine the depth of the different measurement levels, by correlation between this log and other logs made in the same borehole.
  • FIG. 1 shows an exploration borehole 10 crossing geological formations.
  • a source of seismic waves 11 such as an air cannon is placed on the surface with a certain offset relative to the head of the borehole.
  • the seismic shocks produced by the source are detected by means of a seismic acquisition probe 12 lowered into the borehole.
  • the probe 12 is suspended from the end of an electrical cable 13.
  • the cable 13 passes over pulleys. the drilling tower 14 and is wound on a winch 15 carried by surface equipment 16.
  • the surface equipment supplies the probe 12, via the cable 13, with power electrical and control signals necessary for its operation.
  • the seismic signals produced by the probe are routed by the cable and recorded by the surface equipment.
  • a device shown diagrammatically at 17, associated with the winch 15, measures the travel of the cable and makes it possible to determine the depth of the probe, with a view to matching the depth of the probe during recording with each seismic signal recorded.
  • the probe 12 essentially comprises four sections: a detection section 20, an anchoring section 21 above the section 20, intended to ensure an appropriate coupling of the detection section with the geological formation, an upper electronic cartridge 22 connected to the cable by a connection head 23, and an electronic cartridge 24 forming the lower end of the probe.
  • the cartridge 24 is electrically connected to the head 23 and contains circuits for the pre-processing of the detection signals produced by the section 20 and a telemetry device constituting the interface with the cable 13 for the transmission of the signals.
  • the upper cartridge 22 supplies the supply voltage to the anchoring section as a function of signals sent by the surface equipment and by other sections of the probe.
  • the detection section 20 comprises at least one detector such as a geophone or an accelerometer.
  • a detector such as a geophone or an accelerometer.
  • three detectors are provided arranged in a triaxial configuration.
  • the anchoring section comprises a pad 30 intended to be anchored in the wall of the borehole and carried by two arms 31 and 32 articulated on the body of the probe, and at least substantially parallel, and on the side opposite to the pad anchoring, the detection section and the cartridge 22 comprise respective support elements 33 and 33a providing an appropriate contact surface with the wall.
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the anchoring section.
  • the anchoring force is transmitted to the pad 30 by the lower arm 31.
  • the pivoting of the arm 31 is caused by the translation of an actuating rod 34.
  • the connection between the arm 31 and the rod 34 will be described in detail below. -after.
  • the anchoring force is provided by a reversible asynchronous motor 35 of the torque-motor type, provided with an output reducer 36 and an electromagnetic brake 37 active in the absence of current.
  • the output shaft 38 of the reduction gear 36 is connected by means of a coupling device 39, which will be described in detail below, to a ball screw 40 engaged with a nut 41 which drives the rod d actuation 34.
  • a return device 43 acts permanently on the arms 31, 32 in the direction of their opening.
  • FIG. 3 also shows a potentiometer 44 which makes it possible to measure the displacement of the nut 41, therefore the distance of the anchoring pad relative to the probe, this distance being indicative of the diameter of the borehole.
  • Seals 45 allow the displacement in translation of the rod 34 while preventing the entry of the drilling mud into the interior space 46 containing the motor assembly 35-38, the coupling device 39 and the screw-nut system 40-41.
  • a pressure compensation device 47 is placed at the lower end of the anchoring section. Its function is to bring the interior space 46 into pressure balance with the drilling mud. The pressure on the opposite faces of the seals 45 is thus substantially the same.
  • the coupling device 39 as shown in FIG. 3 essentially comprises a clutch device 50, a mechanical logic 51 controlling the clutch or the declutching as a function of the direction of rotation of the engine studies forces exerted on the shoe, a spring 52 and a stop 53, and a torque limiter 54.
  • the shaft 38 has a grooved portion 57 and an end portion 58 of smaller diameter which is threaded.
  • a bushing 61 surrounding with play the ring 60 has grooves 61a engaged on the grooves of the shaft portion 57, the bushing 61 being in abutment on the housing of the reducer 36.
  • the ring 60 and the sleeve 61 are thus integral in rotation with the shaft 38.
  • a pin 62 passes through the sleeve 61 and passes through a groove 63 formed on the periphery of the ring 60. This pin allows 'extract the bushing 61 when the ring 60 is unscrewed.
  • FIG. 5 shows in developed view the shape of the grooves 68.
  • Each cam groove 68 comprises two sections 68a, 68b symmetrical with respect to a generator G of the sleeve.
  • the sections 68a, 68b meet on the side of the drive shaft in a central portion 68c.
  • the preferred value for the angle between the groove sections 68a and 68b is approximately 90 °, as shown in FIG. 5.
  • Means are provided for immobilizing in rotation the sleeve 65 when the axial position of the latter is within a determined range, so that the rotation of the shaft 38 and therefore of the sleeve 61 causes the sleeve 65 to translate.
  • the sleeve 65 comprises, on the drive side, a part 70 of outer diameter smaller than the part which carries the pins 67.
  • a friction ring 71 linked in rotation to the sleeve 65 but axially movable relative to the latter.
  • the ring 71 has internally an axial groove 72 in which is engaged a key 73 fixed on the sleeve 65.
  • the friction ring 71 has an outer surface 74 of spherical shape, and the inner surface of the casing 56 facing the ring 71 has a frustoconical part 75.
  • a helical spring 77 is mounted between the shoulder ending the small diameter part 70 and the friction ring 71. When the surfaces 74, 75 are in contact, as shown in FIG. 3, the friction due to the force exerted by the spring 77 is such that the sleeve 65 is prevented from rotating with the sleeve 61. A rotation of the sleeve 61 will then have the effect of a displacement in translation of the sleeve 65.
  • a circlip 80 is mounted in a groove in the vicinity of the reducing side end of the sleeve 65. This circlip is used to push the friction ring 71 against the action of the spring 77 after a certain axial displacement of the sleeve, thus achieving a link with dead travel between the ring 77 and the sleeve 65.
  • the displacement of the ring 71 which results therefrom eliminates the friction between the surfaces 74, 75 and allows the sleeve 65 to be driven in rotation by the shaft.
  • an electrical contact 82 linked to the tubular casing 56 is placed in the vicinity of the reducer 36. This contact is actuated by the sleeve 65, when the latter comes to occupy its extreme position close to the reducer. The pulse produced by this contact is used to cut the power supply to the motor 35.
  • the sleeve 65 has at its end opposite the reduction gear a toothed plate 85 capable of meshing with a toothed plate 86 formed on a counter ring 87.
  • the toothed plates 85 and 86 are made up of radial teeth of triangular section.
  • the counter ring 87 is rotatably mounted around a grooved socket 88 linked in rotation to the screw 40, the end 89 of which has corresponding grooves.
  • Stop circlips 90 and 91 are mounted respectively on the screw 40 and on the sleeve 88 to serve as an axial stop respectively for the sleeve 88 and the counter-ring 87.
  • the radial surface of the counter-ring 87 is separated by a slight clearance from a flange 92 extending radially the sleeve 88.
  • the flange 92 has a plurality of axially directed holes 95 each of which receives a ball 96, and the counter-ring 87 likewise comprises a plurality of radial grooves 97 into which the balls 96 respectively penetrate.
  • Each of the balls 96 is pushed elastically against the bottom of the corresponding groove 97 by a helical spring 98 bearing on a ring 99 with cross-section U, which ring is immobilized in rotation relative to the sleeve 88.
  • the ring 99 is positioned axially by an adjustment ring 100 screwed onto the threaded outer surface of the flange 92 and comprising a radial portion 101 in contact with the ring 99.
  • the assembly formed by the socket 88, the balls 96 and the elements 98--100 constitutes the above-mentioned torque limiter. Indeed, the balls 96 held against the bottom of the grooves 97 by the action of the springs 98 normally transmit the torque of the counter ring 87 to the socket 88. But beyond a certain value, the balls move apart from the bottom of the grooves by compressing the springs 98 and the torque is no longer transmitted.
  • a ring 105 is screwed onto a threaded part 106 of the screw 40, which follows the end 89.
  • the ring 105 successively comprises, moving away from the end of the screw, a small diameter portion 107 which forms abutment by its radial end face for the sleeve 88 and constitutes the abutment 53 mentioned above with reference to FIG. 3, a portion 109 of intermediate diameter and a portion 110 of larger diameter which serves as a support for the helical spring 52 also mentioned above, which spring acts on the radial portion 101 of the adjustment ring 100, and therefore indirectly on the counter-ring 87 carrying the toothed plate 86.
  • the screw-nut system 40, 41 does not present any particular feature requiring a detailed description.
  • the nut 41 is, conventionally, subject to moving only in translation, so that a rotation of the ball screw 40 in one direction causes a translation of the nut 41 in the corresponding direction.
  • Figures 6 and 7 show in more detail the articulation of the arms 31 and 32 on the probe.
  • the upper arm 32 is connected to the probe body 29 by a pivot 110.
  • the lower arm 31 which transmits the forces to the shoe 30, is formed by two identical parallel flanges joined by spacers such as 109, which are extended by identical hooks 111, 112 separated from each other.
  • the sticks 111, 112 are crossed by a pivot 113 linked to the probe body, the axes of the pivots 110 and 113 being perpendicular to the axis of the probe and equidistant from this axis.
  • the brackets 111, 112 surround at their end a part 115 of the actuating rod 34, which part has flats 116 parallel to the pivot plane of the arm 31. On this part 115 are fixed on either side of the rollers 121
  • the stocks 111, 112 each have an elongated slot 123 engaged around a roller 121 so that a displacement of the rod 34 causes the arm 31 to pivot around the axis 113.
  • FIG. 6 shows in solid line the maximum open position of the arm 31 and in phantom the closed position.
  • the walls 124, 125 of the slots 123 in contact with the rollers 121 have substantially the form of involutes of a circle.
  • An involute of a circle is the geometrical place of a point of a straight line D which rolls without sliding on a circle C.
  • the straight line D is the axis of the rod 34 and the circle C is centered on the center of rotation of the arm 31, that is to say the 'axis of the pivot 113, and tangent to the axis of the rod 34.
  • a point linked to the rod 34 and in contact with a flange of the arm 31 will therefore describe an involute of a circle.
  • a leaf spring 43a forming part of the aforementioned return device 43 is fixed to the probe body 29 in the vicinity of the pivot 110 of the upper arm 32 and that it passes between the brackets 111, 112 of the arm 31.
  • the rod 34 passes through, on either side of the zone of engagement with the arm 31, housings 125, 126 inside which are mounted the seals 45 above.
  • the oil put under pressure from the drilling mud by the compensation device 47 can circulate to the end of the rod 34 through a central passage 127.
  • FIG. 6 also shows conductors 130 carried by the arm 32, which connect the pad 30 to the cartridge 22, and in FIG. 7 sheaths 131 receiving the electrical conductors which connect the cartridge 22 to the detection section and to the anchoring section, in particular for controlling the motor 35.
  • FIG. 8 specifies the arrangement of the return device 43.
  • a second spring 43b, formed of a single blade and therefore lighter than the spring 43a, is fixed by one end 135 to another core piece 136 of the arm 31, placed closer to the pivot 113 than the part 134.
  • the other end 137 of the spring 43b acts on the upper arm 32 in the vicinity of its end, again with a slip when the arms pivot.
  • FIG. 8 shows in more detail the anchoring pad 30.
  • the pad 30, as we have seen, is mounted at the end of the upper arm 32 and of the lower arm 31, of which only one of the flanges is shown in the sectional view of Figure 8, which flanges surround the pad.
  • the shoe 30 comprises a hollow body 140 on the inside and a wear plate 141 intended for contact with the wall, fixed on the shoe body 140.
  • the wear plate 141 is provided on its surface with grooves in order to optimize anchoring in the wall.
  • the skate body 140 is connected to the end of the upper arm 32 by a pivot 142. On the other hand, it comprises, substantially in its middle, openings 143 formed in its side walls.
  • the openings 143 have the shape of rectangles rounded at the vertices, and receive a pivot 144 linked to the flanges of the lower arm 31.
  • a force sensor is housed in the shoe body 140.
  • This sensor shown in more detail in FIG. 9, includes, as sensitive elements, strain gauges. It comprises a pressure-resistant sheath 151, of rectangular section, inside which is placed a bending element 152 carrying the strain gauges 153.
  • the sheath 151 is extended on the upper side by two flanges 154 provided with holes 155 receiving without play the pivot 144 linked to the arm 31.
  • the sheath 151 further carries, roughly in the middle, two rollers 158 engaged in elongated slots 159 formed in the side walls of the skate body. Near its lower end, the sheath 151 has a hole 160 in which a rod 161 is engaged, the ends of which respectively penetrate into the slots 159.
  • the skate body 140 is pivotally mounted relative to the upper arm 32 and it is connected to the lower arm 31 by means of the force sensor 150 which, on the one hand, is movable in translation relative to the body of skate, and on the other hand, is linked to the arm 31 by the pivot 144, the clearance between the pivot 144 and the skate body being limited by the edges of the openings 143 formed in the skate body.
  • the shoe has the possibility of tilting slightly, in one direction or the other, relative to the median position, parallel to the axis of the probe, which is that shown in FIG. 8.
  • the upper arm 32 pivots slightly relative to the probe, deviating from its position parallel to the lower arm 31.
  • the flexing element has a lower end 165 similar to a ball joint engaged in the bottom of the housing formed inside the sheath 151.
  • the strain gauges 153 are placed on inclined flats 166 formed on opposite sides of the flexing member. On each flat are two gauges, and the four gauges are connected in a "full bridge" arrangement, conventionally in the technique of strain gauge measurements.
  • the flexure element comprises conduits such as 167 for the passage of the electrical conductors 168 connecting the gauge circuit to four connectors 169 (two for the power supply and two for transmitting the detection signal) which pass through a sealing block 170 fixed to the sheath 151. Conductors, not shown in FIG. 8, and carried by the arm 32, connect these connectors to the electronic cartridge 22.
  • the force sensor thus inserted into the skate provides an indication of the effective force on the skate.
  • the measurement of the anchoring force provided by the sensor has excellent reproducibility, because since it is a measurement made directly at the level of the pad, the error factors are minimized.
  • This measure is used to stop the operation of the motor 35 when the anchoring force has reached a determined value considered to be satisfactory. This value is appropriately chosen to be approximately twice the weight of the probe in air.
  • the measurement value supplied by the sensor is transmitted via the cartridge 24 to the surface equipment, which makes it possible to monitor the quality of the anchorage during the series of shots carried out at the same level. It can happen, especially in soft formations, that the anchoring force decreases after a few shots. Thanks to the sensor mounted on the skid, this decrease will be detected and it will be possible to remedy it by restarting the engine, which will stop automatically once the anchoring force returns to the desired value. Such a possibility is of great interest since, as we have seen, the anchoring force is an essential parameter for the quality of the seismic detection signals.
  • the shoe also carries a device 180 intended to emit an electric current to evaluate the resistivity of the surface area of the formation traversed by the drilling.
  • This device shown in more detail in FIG. 10, comprises an electrode 181 made of conductive material placed on an insulator 182 itself housed in a recess of a support 183 made of conductive material acting as a mass.
  • This support comprises a conduit for the passage of an electrical conductor 184 connected to the electrode 181.
  • the reception of the electric current thus emitted can be ensured by the connection head 23 connecting the cartridge 22 to the cable 13. It is thus possible to produce a microresistivity logging which can be correlated with other logging carried out in the same borehole to accurately determine the depth of the anchor levels.
  • the probe is lowered into the borehole with the arms 31, 32 in the folded position.
  • the motor 35 is not powered and is locked by its brake 37.
  • the coupling device is engaged, that is to say that the toothed plates 85, 86 are engaged and the socket 88 is in abutment against the part 107.
  • the resistive torque supplied by the motor opposes the opening of the arms under the action of the leaf spring 43.
  • Each of the rollers 66 occupies an advanced position F in the section 68a of its groove cam, in contact with the lower wall L of said section.
  • the motor 35 When the probe reaches the level H 1 corresponding to the first planned measurement, the motor 35 is started in an anticlockwise direction. The arms 31, 32 can then move apart under the action of the leaf springs 43. In this opening phase, the motor 35 acts only to limit the speed of opening of the arms. The rollers 66 are kept in contact - with the lower walls L by the action of the springs 43, so that the spring 52 cannot act to move the bush 88 away from the stop 107.
  • the motor 35 is restarted, always in the opposite direction.
  • the rollers 66 then advance in the sections 68b of the cam grooves.
  • the toothed plate 85 comes into contact with the plate 86. During this first movement of the sleeve, the friction ring 71 is not moved.
  • the sensor 150 sends a signal to the cartridge 22 representative of the anchoring force on the shoe.
  • the cartridge 22 controls the stopping of the engine 35.
  • the following phase is the seismic acquisition phase proper at the level considered.
  • Several successive shots are taken by means of the source 11, and the seismic waves which have propagated in the formations are detected by the detection section.
  • the detection signals produced following the respective shots are transmitted by the cartridge 24 and the cable 13 to the surface equipment 16, where they are recorded on a graphic medium and on a magnetic tape.
  • the position of the elements of the anchoring section does not vary, not: motor blocked by its brake, clutch coupling device.
  • the only difference with the closed position is that the rollers 66 are in the groove sections 68b instead of being in the groove sections 68a.
  • monitoring the anchoring force makes it possible to remedy a possible reduction in this force during the seismic acquisition phase. It suffices to restart the motor 35, always in the opposite direction. The engine will be stopped as soon as the anchoring force reaches the desired value.
  • the sleeve 65 is then immobilized in rotation and undergoes, as a result of the rotation of the motor, a translation in the direction of the reduction gear, at the start of which the toothed plate 85 ceases to be engaged with the toothed plate 86.
  • the next phase is the displacement of the probe from level H, to a second measurement level H 2. ,
  • the motor 35 remains stopped, the coupling device retains the disengaged position, the rollers 66 remaining in position D, and the shoe slides on the wall of the borehole, the contact being maintained in contact with the wall by the springs 43.
  • the electrode 181 therefore remains in contact with the wall. It is supplied with current throughout the journey.
  • the current collected after passing through the formation is, as we have seen, indicative of the resistivity of a thin zone surrounding the borehole.
  • the probe When the probe has reached the second level of measurement H 2 , the anchoring, seismic acquisition and de-anchoring operations are repeated, then the probe is raised to a third level of measurement H 3 , etc.
  • the arms 31, 32 must be closed in order to raise the probe to the surface.
  • the motor 35 is started in the direct direction.
  • the sleeve 65 is initially blocked in rotation by the friction ring 71, and the rollers 66 in the position D corresponding to the disengagement.
  • the sleeve 65 moves until contact between the toothed plates 85, 86, then the springs 43 exerting a resistant torque on the sleeve 88, the sleeve 65 continues its displacement in translation by pushing the sleeve 88 against the action of the spring 52
  • the socket 88 comes into contact with the stop 107, the engine torque is transmitted to the socket 88 and overcomes the resisting torque offered by the springs 43 to pivot the arms 31, 32 to their closed position along of the probe body.

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Claims (14)

1. Verfahren zum Gewinnen seismischer Signale auf aufeinanderfolgenden Niveaus in einem Bohrloch in Abhängigkeit von Erschütterungen, die durch eine seismische Quelle hervorgerufen werden, mittels einer Sonde (12), die einen langgestreckten Sondenkörper (29), Mittel (20) zum Erfassen seismischer Wellen, ein Verankerungsorgan (30, 31, 32), das an den Sondenkörper angelenkt ist, eine elastische Anordnung (43), die für das Entfalten des Verankerungsorgans vom Sondenkörper derart, daß es in Kontakt mit der Bohrlochwandung gelangt, ausgebildet ist, sowie eine Motoranordnung (35, 36) umfasst, die in der Lage ist, das Verankerungsorgan in eine eingefaltete Position gegen die Wirkung der elastischen Anordnung zu plazieren, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß auf jedem der genannten Niveaus man auf das Verankerungsorgan in entfalteter Position mittels der Motoranordnung eine Kraft zur Einwirkung bringt, die angemessen ist, um es mit der Bohrlochwandung fest zu verbinden, daß man dadurch, wenn einmal ein Erfassungssignal gewonnen worden ist, eine Kraft einwirken läßt, um das Verankerungsorgan von der Wandung zu lösen, und daß man die Sonde von einem Niveau auf ein anderes verlagert, indem man das Verankerungsorgan in entfalteter Position unter der Wirkung der elastischen Anordnung beläßt.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die auf das Verankerungsorgan übertragene Kraft, um es mit der Wandung fest zu verbinden, gleich etwa dem zweifachen des Gewichtes der Sonde ist.
3. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man während der Verlagerung zwischen den Niveaus eine Diagraphie eines Kennwertes der von dem Bohrloch durchteuften Formationen mit Hife von Messmitteln (180, 23) durchführt, die mindestens teilweise von dem Verankerungsorgan getragen werden.
4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man eine Diagraphie der Mikroresistivität durchführt.
5. Sonde für die Gewinnung seismischer Signale auf unterschiedlichen Niveaus in einem Bohrloch des Typs, der umfaßt:
- einen langgestreckten Sondenkörper (29);
- Mittel (20) zum Erfassen seismischer Wellen in dem Körper;
- ein Verankerungsorgan (30, 31, 32) angelenkt an den Körper, das eine im wesentlichen in Richtung des Körpers eingefaltete Position einnehemen kann;
- eine elastische Anordnung (43), die in Richtung Entfaltung auf das Verankerungsorgan des Körpers einwirkt;
- eine Motoranordnung (35, 36), die in der Lage ist, das Verankerungsorgan in eingefaltete Position gegen die Wirkung der elastischen Anordnung über eine Getriebebaugruppe (40, 41, 34) zu plazieren, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Motoranordnung in der Lage ist, ein Drehmoment in beiden Drehrichtungen zu liefern, und daß die Getriebbaugruppe eine Kupplungsanordnung (39) umfaßt.
6. Sonde nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kupplungsanordnung umfaßt:
- ein Eingangselement (61) verbunden mit der Ausgangswelle (38) der Motoranordnung;
- ein Zwischenelement (65) verbunden mit dem Eingangselement über den Eingriff mindestens eines Vorsprungs (66) in eine Nut, bestehend aus zwei schraubenlinienförmigen Abschnitten (68a, 68b), symmetrisch bezüglich einer Ebene, die sich durch die Drehachse des Eingangselementes erstreckt, und die Verbunden sind durch einen Zentralabschnitt (68c);
- Mittel (71, 75) zum Blockieren der Drehung des Zwischenelementes, sobald der genannte Vorsprung sich in einem Bereich bestimmter Positionen befindet, zentriert bezüglich des genannten Zentralabschnitts;
- ein Ausgangselement (88), das axial beweglich ist zwischen einer ersten und einer zweiten Anschlagposition, und das elastisch in Richtung dieser zweiten Position vorgespannt ist;
- und Kupplungsmittel (85, 86) verbunden mit dem Zwischenelement bzw. dem Ausgangselement, wobei der Eingriff zwischen diesen Mitteln hervorgerufen wird, ausgehend von einer vorbestimmten Entfernung des genannten Vorsprungs bezüglich des Zentralabschnitts.
7. Sonde nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie einen Positionsdetektor (82) umfaßt, ausgebildet zum Aussenden eines elektrischen Impulses, sobald der genannte Vorsprung (66) den zentralen Nutenabschnitt (68c) einnimmt, wobei der genannte Impuls das Stillsetzen der Motoranordnung (35, 36) bewirkt.
8. Sonde nach einem der Ansprüche 6 und 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Blockiermittel eine im wesentlichen kegelstumpfförmige Oberfläche (75), ausgebildet im Inneren des Sondenkörpers, und einen Reibungsring (71) umfassen, der zwischen dem Zwischenelement (65) und dem Körper angeordnet und mit einer im wesentlichen sphärischen Oberfläche (74) versehen ist, welcher Ring drehfest mit dem Zwischenelement verbunden ist und translatorisch verbunden ist mit jenem Element während eines Leerlaufweges, wobei der Ring elastisch in Richtung des Kontaktes der genannten Oberflächen vorgespannt ist, wobei ein solcher Kontakt die Wirkung hat, den Ring (71) und damit das Zwischenelement (65) gegen Drehung zu blockieren.
9. Sonde nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Ausgangselement einen mit Kugeln bestückten Drehmomentbegrenzer (96, 98, 99, 100) umfaßt.
10. Sonde nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Verankerungsorgan einen Schuh (30) umfaßt, getragen von zwei an den Sondenkörper gemäß einer im wesentlichen einem Parallelogramm entsprechenden Anordnung angelenkten Armen, nämlich einem oberen Arm (32) und einem unteren Arm (31), und daß der untere Arm mit einer Betätigungsstange (34) verbunden ist, die axial verlagerbar ist und den Ausgang der Getriebebaugruppe bildet, derart, daß eine Verschwenkung bewirkt wird, sobald die Stange eine Translationsbewegung ausführt.
11. Sonde nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Verbindung zwischen dem unteren Arm (31) und der Betätigungsstange (34) durch den Eingriff mindestens eines mit der Stange (34) verbundenen Schubsteines (121) in einen langgestreckten Schlitz (123) bewirkt wird, ausgebildet in einer Verlängerung (111, 112) des Armes, wobei die Wandungen (124, 125) des genannten Schlitzes im wesentlichen die Form einer Kreisbogenabwicklung besitzen.
12. Sonde nach einem der Ansprüche 10 und 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Schuh (30) nahe seinem oberen Ende schwenkbeweglich mit dem oberen Arm (32) verbunden ist und im wesentlichen in seiner Mitte mit dem unteren Arm (31) derart verbunden ist, daß er nach beiden Seiten bezüglich einer mittleren Position die parallel zur Achse des Sondenkörpers (29) ist, ausgelenkt werden kann.
13. Sonde nach Anspruch 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die elastische Anordnung eine erste Blattfeder (43a) umfaßt, mit einem Ende am Sondenkörper befestigt und mit ihrem anderen Ende auf den unteren Arm (31) einwirkt, sowie eine zweite Biattfeder (43b) umfaßt, die an dem unteren Arm (31) befestigt ist und auf den oberen Arm (32) nahe seiner Anlenkung an den Schuh einwirkt.
14. Sonde nach einem der Ansprüche 10 bis 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Schuh eine Elektrodenanordnung (180) trägt, ausgebildet zum Aussenden eines Stromes in die das Bohrloch umgebende Formation.
EP83401434A 1982-07-13 1983-07-12 Verfahren und Gerät zur Sammlung von seismischen Signalen in einem Bohrloch Expired EP0100708B1 (de)

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AT83401434T ATE30272T1 (de) 1982-07-13 1983-07-12 Verfahren und geraet zur sammlung von seismischen signalen in einem bohrloch.

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FR8212253A FR2530346B1 (fr) 1982-07-13 1982-07-13 Procede et dispositif d'acquisition de signaux sismiques dans un forage
FR8212253 1982-07-13

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EP0100708A3 EP0100708A3 (en) 1984-12-05
EP0100708B1 true EP0100708B1 (de) 1987-10-14

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AT (1) ATE30272T1 (de)
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FR (1) FR2530346B1 (de)
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FR2530346A1 (fr) 1984-01-20
ATE30272T1 (de) 1987-10-15
DE3374085D1 (en) 1987-11-19
EP0100708A3 (en) 1984-12-05
OA07493A (fr) 1985-03-31
US4563757A (en) 1986-01-07
IN159356B (de) 1987-05-09
CA1206248A (en) 1986-06-17
EP0100708A2 (de) 1984-02-15
FR2530346B1 (fr) 1986-05-16

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