EP0100639A2 - Aerial coupling device - Google Patents
Aerial coupling device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0100639A2 EP0100639A2 EP83304287A EP83304287A EP0100639A2 EP 0100639 A2 EP0100639 A2 EP 0100639A2 EP 83304287 A EP83304287 A EP 83304287A EP 83304287 A EP83304287 A EP 83304287A EP 0100639 A2 EP0100639 A2 EP 0100639A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- bracelet
- wrist strap
- aerial
- belt
- coupling device
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
- H01Q1/273—Adaptation for carrying or wearing by persons or animals
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/44—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas using equipment having another main function to serve additionally as an antenna, e.g. means for giving an antenna an aesthetic aspect
Definitions
- This invention relates to an aerial coupling device which enables an electronic circuit, such as a radio receiver or transmitter, to be coupled to a body, particularly a part of a human body.
- an electronic circuit such as a radio receiver or transmitter
- One application of the invention is to a radio receiver, particularly a radio paging device, that can be worn on the person, for example, like a wristwatch.
- the human body acts as an aerial and the invention is employed to couple radio frequency current, flowing in the body to the receiver circuitry.
- radio paging devices of the pocket or chest type are normally carried in a pocket and/or attached to clothing by means of a clip.
- a drawback of such devices is that the human body, being a moderate conductor, introduces a damping or loss factor which leads to a loss in signal strength. In such known devices, the proximity of the body is, therefore, a disadvantage.
- the present invention overcomes such a problem by making use of a body as an aerial and, in effect, turning the above disadvantage into an advantage.
- the present invention provides an aerial coupling device comprising means adapted to be worn on a body and including at least one inductive element which is located in said means so as to enable radio frequency current to be coupled either from said body to said inductive element, or from said inductive element to said body.
- the inductive element or elements can be either provided with terminals for connection, or connected to electronic circuitry which either responds to the induced radio frequency current received from the body (in a receiver mode), or which provides radio frequency current to the body (in a transmitter mode).
- devices employing the invention may be worn close to the body without causing any loss in signal strength.
- This enables the invention to be advantageously embodied in various forms, for example, in a bracelet or wrist strap, belt, necklace, clothing, or spectacles, which are far less obtrusive and/or inconvenient to carry than, for example, in radio paging devices of the known pocket or chest type.
- the body is used as an aerial, it is not necessary to provide an aerial in a device which includes or is connected to a coupling device according to the invention.
- the aerial coupling device may provide either a broad, or a narrow transmission band for the radio frequency current.
- a bracelet , wrist strap, or belt may support one or more inductive elements which pick up a wide band of radio frequencies (such as 20-50 Megaherz).
- the electronic circuitry used in such a case (such as a radio receiver or transmitter) could then be provided with appropriate tuning circuits.
- it can be advantageous to provide a narrow band (particularly for low frequencies,but possibly for frequencies in the range of from a few Megaherz to about 100 Megaherz), by using one or more electrical resonating circuits.
- a distributed resonance arrangement comprising a plurality of parallel connected resonating circuits each having a similar inductance and capacitance will advantageously provide improved signal strength for radio receivers at the respective resonant frequency.
- the latter arrangement is particularly useful in the receiver mode, for example, where the invention is applied to a radio paging device.
- the use of resonance arrangements is, however, optional, since it may be possible to pick up an open circuit voltage across tne inductive element or elements.
- an aerial coupling device comprises a bracelet or wrist strap, one or more inductive elements supported by the bracelet or wrist strap, each of said inductive elements including at least one loop or coil which is transverse to the longitudinal axis of the bracelet or wrist strap.
- each inductive loop or coil is wound on a core made of ferrite in order to improve the signal coupling.
- the latter embodiment of the invention may include a case attached to the bracelet or wrist strap, the case containing, for example, a radio receiver such as an FM broadcast receiver or a radio paging device.
- a radio receiver such as an FM broadcast receiver or a radio paging device.
- the receiver or paging device may be advantageously contained in a watch case which includes timing circuitry and a time display.
- the paging device shown in Figs. 1 and 2 comprises a bracelet or wrist strap 1 which supports a plurality of resonating circuits 2 each including an inductive element 3 connected to a capacitor 4.
- the required capacitance may be provided by an inherent capacitance between adjacent end portions 5a, 5b of one or more open inductive loops or coils 5, as shown in Fig. 3.
- each inductive element preferably includes, either a single turn or multiple turns wound on a core or cores 6 made of ferrite or iron dust, for example.
- core or cores 6 may not be necessary (e.g. when using air-cored loops or coils).
- the resonating circuits 2 are connected in parallel and the parallel network is either provided with terminals (not shown), or connected to radio receiver circuitry 7 of a paging device, as shown in Fig. 2.
- the circuitry includes a sound transducer 8 which provides a "bleep" or some other suitable audio signal to attract the user's attention when a predetermined radio signal is received.
- a sound transducer 8 which provides a "bleep" or some other suitable audio signal to attract the user's attention when a predetermined radio signal is received.
- the circuitry 7 is housed in a watch case 9 together with known timing circuitry for driving a display 10.
- the watch circuitry is suitably of the type which includes an alarm function whereby the audio alarm transducer may be connected to the radio paging receiver circuitry. Means may be employed for providing different tones in order to enable the user to distinguish between time alarms and radio paging sounds. Alternatively or additionally, the radio paging alarm may be given by means of a flashing light.
- the aerial coupling device (including the resonating circuits 2) and the radio receiver circuitry (7) may be incorporated into a waist belt (not shown). This provides the advantage of using the body as a dipole aerial.
- the radio frequency may be in the range of 20 Megaherz to 1 Gigaherz and preferably about 100 Megaherz and the circuits 2 are resonant at the selected frequency.
- the specific construction of circuits 2 and the number used will depend on the selected frequency. For example, fewer resonating circuits 2 each having one loop or coil may be used at higher frequencies, whereas more resonating circuits possibly having . more than one loop or coil wound on ferrite cores will be required at lower frequencies.
- Separate ferrite cores may be provided for each respective resonating circuit or the loops or coils of each resonating circuit may be wound in a common ferrite core.
- Fig. 2 schematically shows how the resonating circuits are connected in parallel, the parallel network being connected to a signal input lla, llb, of receiver circuitry 7.
- the radio frequency current flowing in the wrist inducesa secondary current in the loops or coils of the inductive elements 2 in the resonating circuits 2 which are close to the wrist. That is the wrist, arm and body act as an aerial and the aerial coupling device acts as a transformer for coupling the currents in the aerial. Efficient coupling to the wrist current is achieved by using many small loops or coils running in the direction of the arm (i.e.
- each inductive element 3 is parallel resonated before coupling to the next.
- the inductive elements 3 are symbolically represented in Fig. 2, since each may have one or more loops or coils which may be wound on a core (e.g. made of ferrite).
- a core e.g. made of ferrite.
- the inductive elements 3 are represented by only one loop or coil, and the capacitance by the standard symbol.
- the aerial coupling circuit may be used with other electronic circuitry.
- an FM broadcast receiver may be coupled to the body to receive broadcast transmissions, or a low power transmitter may be coupled to the body in order to radiate a radio signal.
- the latter device may be used for telecommunication or position monitoring and, in this case, the body may be that of an animal (e.g. which is free to roam on open pasture land).
- the resonating circuits 2 are preferably evenly spaced around the bracelet or wrist strap 1 and they may, for example, be incorporated in each link of an expanding watch bracelet.
- the capacitance(2) required for the resonating circuits may be built into, or be part of a receiver or transmitter which is housed, for example, in the watch case 9.
- the inductive element(s) e.g. the loop(s) or coil(s) extend generally parallel to the main current flow in the body member in which it (they) is/are wom. This means that in a strap worn round a body or body member, they would be located transverse to the longitudinal direction of the strap.
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- Electric Clocks (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- This invention relates to an aerial coupling device which enables an electronic circuit, such as a radio receiver or transmitter, to be coupled to a body, particularly a part of a human body. One application of the invention is to a radio receiver, particularly a radio paging device, that can be worn on the person, for example, like a wristwatch. In such an application the human body acts as an aerial and the invention is employed to couple radio frequency current, flowing in the body to the receiver circuitry.
- Known radio paging devices of the pocket or chest type are normally carried in a pocket and/or attached to clothing by means of a clip. A drawback of such devices is that the human body, being a moderate conductor, introduces a damping or loss factor which leads to a loss in signal strength. In such known devices, the proximity of the body is, therefore, a disadvantage.
- The present invention overcomes such a problem by making use of a body as an aerial and, in effect, turning the above disadvantage into an advantage.
- More particularly, the present invention provides an aerial coupling device comprising means adapted to be worn on a body and including at least one inductive element which is located in said means so as to enable radio frequency current to be coupled either from said body to said inductive element, or from said inductive element to said body.
- The inductive element or elements can be either provided with terminals for connection, or connected to electronic circuitry which either responds to the induced radio frequency current received from the body (in a receiver mode), or which provides radio frequency current to the body (in a transmitter mode).
- Since the proximity of the body does not have any disadvantageous effect, devices employing the invention may be worn close to the body without causing any loss in signal strength. This enables the invention to be advantageously embodied in various forms, for example, in a bracelet or wrist strap, belt, necklace, clothing, or spectacles, which are far less obtrusive and/or inconvenient to carry than, for example, in radio paging devices of the known pocket or chest type. Moreover, since the body is used as an aerial, it is not necessary to provide an aerial in a device which includes or is connected to a coupling device according to the invention.
- The aerial coupling device may provide either a broad, or a narrow transmission band for the radio frequency current. For example, a bracelet , wrist strap, or belt may support one or more inductive elements which pick up a wide band of radio frequencies (such as 20-50 Megaherz). The electronic circuitry used in such a case (such as a radio receiver or transmitter) could then be provided with appropriate tuning circuits. However, it can be advantageous to provide a narrow band (particularly for low frequencies,but possibly for frequencies in the range of from a few Megaherz to about 100 Megaherz), by using one or more electrical resonating circuits. For example, a distributed resonance arrangement comprising a plurality of parallel connected resonating circuits each having a similar inductance and capacitance will advantageously provide improved signal strength for radio receivers at the respective resonant frequency. The latter arrangement is particularly useful in the receiver mode, for example, where the invention is applied to a radio paging device. The use of resonance arrangements is, however, optional, since it may be possible to pick up an open circuit voltage across tne inductive element or elements.
- According to one embodiment of the invention, an aerial coupling device comprises a bracelet or wrist strap, one or more inductive elements supported by the bracelet or wrist strap, each of said inductive elements including at least one loop or coil which is transverse to the longitudinal axis of the bracelet or wrist strap. Preferably, each inductive loop or coil is wound on a core made of ferrite in order to improve the signal coupling.
- The latter embodiment of the invention may include a case attached to the bracelet or wrist strap, the case containing, for example, a radio receiver such as an FM broadcast receiver or a radio paging device. The receiver or paging device may be advantageously contained in a watch case which includes timing circuitry and a time display.
- An embodiment of the invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:-
- Fig. 1 schematically illustrates an example in which a radio paging device includes an aerial coupling device according to one embodiment of the invention.
- Fig. 2 is a schematic block diagram of circuitry used in the device of Fig. I.
- Fig. 3 schematically illustrates a further embodiment of the invention.
- The paging device shown in Figs. 1 and 2 comprises a bracelet or wrist strap 1 which supports a plurality of
resonating circuits 2 each including an inductive element 3 connected to acapacitor 4. Instead of using a discrete component ascapacitor 4, the required capacitance may be provided by an inherent capacitance between adjacent end portions 5a, 5b of one or more open inductive loops orcoils 5, as shown in Fig. 3. In either case, each inductive element preferably includes, either a single turn or multiple turns wound on a core or cores 6 made of ferrite or iron dust, for example. However, in some cases, core or cores 6 may not be necessary (e.g. when using air-cored loops or coils). - The
resonating circuits 2 are connected in parallel and the parallel network is either provided with terminals (not shown), or connected toradio receiver circuitry 7 of a paging device, as shown in Fig. 2. - The circuitry includes a
sound transducer 8 which provides a "bleep" or some other suitable audio signal to attract the user's attention when a predetermined radio signal is received. Such circuitry is well known in the art, so no detailed description will be given. Thecircuitry 7 . is housed in awatch case 9 together with known timing circuitry for driving adisplay 10. The watch circuitry is suitably of the type which includes an alarm function whereby the audio alarm transducer may be connected to the radio paging receiver circuitry. Means may be employed for providing different tones in order to enable the user to distinguish between time alarms and radio paging sounds. Alternatively or additionally, the radio paging alarm may be given by means of a flashing light. - Instead of using a bracelet or wrist strap (as shown in Fig. 1), the aerial coupling device (including the resonating circuits 2) and the radio receiver circuitry (7) may be incorporated into a waist belt (not shown). This provides the advantage of using the body as a dipole aerial.
- The radio frequency may be in the range of 20 Megaherz to 1 Gigaherz and preferably about 100 Megaherz and the
circuits 2 are resonant at the selected frequency. The specific construction ofcircuits 2 and the number used will depend on the selected frequency. For example, fewerresonating circuits 2 each having one loop or coil may be used at higher frequencies, whereas more resonating circuits possibly having . more than one loop or coil wound on ferrite cores will be required at lower frequencies. Separate ferrite cores may be provided for each respective resonating circuit or the loops or coils of each resonating circuit may be wound in a common ferrite core. - Fig. 2 schematically shows how the resonating circuits are connected in parallel, the parallel network being connected to a signal input lla, llb, of
receiver circuitry 7. Since the body is a moderate conductor and has currents flowing in it caused by EM fields in the vicinity, the radio frequency current flowing in the wrist inducesa secondary current in the loops or coils of theinductive elements 2 in theresonating circuits 2 which are close to the wrist. That is the wrist, arm and body act as an aerial and the aerial coupling device acts as a transformer for coupling the currents in the aerial. Efficient coupling to the wrist current is achieved by using many small loops or coils running in the direction of the arm (i.e. transverse to the longitudinal axis of the bracelet 1) with low loss ferrite cores. The loops or coils of the inductive elements 3 are all coupled together as shown in Fig. 2 to form the composite signal available at the receiver input. To minimize resistive and mis-match loss each inductive element 3 is parallel resonated before coupling to the next. - It is to be noted that the inductive elements 3 are symbolically represented in Fig. 2, since each may have one or more loops or coils which may be wound on a core (e.g. made of ferrite). In Fig. 1, for ease of illustration and in each
resonating circuit 2, the inductive elements 3 are represented by only one loop or coil, and the capacitance by the standard symbol. - Although the above embodiments have been described with reference to a radio paging device, the aerial coupling circuit may be used with other electronic circuitry. For example, an FM broadcast receiver may be coupled to the body to receive broadcast transmissions, or a low power transmitter may be coupled to the body in order to radiate a radio signal. The latter device may be used for telecommunication or position monitoring and, in this case, the body may be that of an animal (e.g. which is free to roam on open pasture land).
- The
resonating circuits 2 are preferably evenly spaced around the bracelet or wrist strap 1 and they may, for example, be incorporated in each link of an expanding watch bracelet. - If the bracelet or wrist strap (or other support means incorporates only the inductive element or elements, the capacitance(2) required for the resonating circuits may be built into, or be part of a receiver or transmitter which is housed, for example, in the
watch case 9. - It is of course an important feature of the invention for efficient coupling to the current that the inductive element(s) e.g. the loop(s) or coil(s) extend generally parallel to the main current flow in the body member in which it (they) is/are wom. This means that in a strap worn round a body or body member, they would be located transverse to the longitudinal direction of the strap.
Claims (10)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB8222262 | 1982-08-02 | ||
GB8222262 | 1982-08-02 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0100639A2 true EP0100639A2 (en) | 1984-02-15 |
EP0100639A3 EP0100639A3 (en) | 1986-03-05 |
Family
ID=10532061
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP83304287A Withdrawn EP0100639A3 (en) | 1982-08-02 | 1983-07-25 | Aerial coupling device |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0100639A3 (en) |
Cited By (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4754285A (en) * | 1987-05-01 | 1988-06-28 | Timex Corporation | Expansion band antenna for a wristwatch application |
EP0279054A1 (en) * | 1987-01-28 | 1988-08-24 | Timex Corporation | Expansion band antenna for a wrist instrument and method of making it |
US4817196A (en) * | 1987-01-02 | 1989-03-28 | Motorola, Inc. | Apparatus for tuning the antenna of a miniature personal communications device |
US4873527A (en) * | 1988-01-07 | 1989-10-10 | Motorola, Inc. | Antenna system for a wrist carried paging receiver |
EP0348636A1 (en) * | 1988-05-27 | 1990-01-03 | Junghans Uhren Gmbh | Antenna for a small radio-controlled watch |
US4916439A (en) * | 1987-01-05 | 1990-04-10 | Eac Technologies Corp. | Remote display arrangement for appliances |
WO1990008403A1 (en) * | 1989-01-18 | 1990-07-26 | At&E Corporation | Adjustable watchband with embedded antenna |
US4977614A (en) * | 1989-10-23 | 1990-12-11 | Motorola, Inc. | Wristband with loop antenna |
EP0443491A1 (en) * | 1990-02-20 | 1991-08-28 | Nippon Telegraph And Telephone Corporation | Wrist watch type receiver |
US5132697A (en) * | 1990-07-27 | 1992-07-21 | Motorola, Inc. | Insulated clasp for a wrist band loop antenna |
US5134418A (en) * | 1990-06-04 | 1992-07-28 | Motorola, Inc. | Apparatus for sensing the integrity of a wristband antenna |
US5159713A (en) * | 1985-11-27 | 1992-10-27 | Seiko Corp. | Watch pager and wrist antenna |
US5410749A (en) * | 1992-12-09 | 1995-04-25 | Motorola, Inc. | Radio communication device having a microstrip antenna with integral receiver systems |
US5986566A (en) * | 1994-08-18 | 1999-11-16 | Oi Denki Co., Ltd. | Wrist band antenna |
US20160035164A1 (en) * | 2014-07-29 | 2016-02-04 | Hon Hai Precision Industry Co., Ltd. | Wearable portable electronic device |
CN107111279A (en) * | 2014-09-12 | 2017-08-29 | 吉欧塞提斯公司 | Connect bracelet |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2470687A (en) * | 1948-03-19 | 1949-05-17 | Orrin G Cafrella | Antenna belt and radio receiver |
US3098231A (en) * | 1960-07-18 | 1963-07-16 | Mosley Electronics Inc | Multiple frequency antenna system |
DE1272384B (en) * | 1963-10-31 | 1968-07-11 | Funke Huster Elektrizitaets | Loop antenna for a portable speaker, especially for underground operations |
US3902118A (en) * | 1974-04-04 | 1975-08-26 | Us Army | Body-coupled portable transmitter |
DE2938584A1 (en) * | 1979-09-24 | 1981-04-09 | Battelle-Institut E.V., 6000 Frankfurt | Radio transmitter carried by person buried alive - operates on frequency in MHZ range at which body has half-wave resonance |
JPS56169401A (en) * | 1980-05-31 | 1981-12-26 | Shuichi Sakai | Antenna for wrist watch type receiver |
-
1983
- 1983-07-25 EP EP83304287A patent/EP0100639A3/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2470687A (en) * | 1948-03-19 | 1949-05-17 | Orrin G Cafrella | Antenna belt and radio receiver |
US3098231A (en) * | 1960-07-18 | 1963-07-16 | Mosley Electronics Inc | Multiple frequency antenna system |
DE1272384B (en) * | 1963-10-31 | 1968-07-11 | Funke Huster Elektrizitaets | Loop antenna for a portable speaker, especially for underground operations |
US3902118A (en) * | 1974-04-04 | 1975-08-26 | Us Army | Body-coupled portable transmitter |
DE2938584A1 (en) * | 1979-09-24 | 1981-04-09 | Battelle-Institut E.V., 6000 Frankfurt | Radio transmitter carried by person buried alive - operates on frequency in MHZ range at which body has half-wave resonance |
JPS56169401A (en) * | 1980-05-31 | 1981-12-26 | Shuichi Sakai | Antenna for wrist watch type receiver |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
PATENTS ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN, vol. 6, no. 55 (E-101)[933], 10th April 1982; & JP-A-56 169 401 (SHIYUUICHI SAKAI) 26-12-1981 * |
Cited By (22)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5159713A (en) * | 1985-11-27 | 1992-10-27 | Seiko Corp. | Watch pager and wrist antenna |
US4817196A (en) * | 1987-01-02 | 1989-03-28 | Motorola, Inc. | Apparatus for tuning the antenna of a miniature personal communications device |
US4916439A (en) * | 1987-01-05 | 1990-04-10 | Eac Technologies Corp. | Remote display arrangement for appliances |
EP0279054A1 (en) * | 1987-01-28 | 1988-08-24 | Timex Corporation | Expansion band antenna for a wrist instrument and method of making it |
EP0288676A2 (en) * | 1987-05-01 | 1988-11-02 | Timex Corporation | Expansion band antenna for a wristwatch application |
EP0288676A3 (en) * | 1987-05-01 | 1989-09-20 | Timex Corporation | Expansion band antenna for a wristwatch application |
US4754285A (en) * | 1987-05-01 | 1988-06-28 | Timex Corporation | Expansion band antenna for a wristwatch application |
US4873527A (en) * | 1988-01-07 | 1989-10-10 | Motorola, Inc. | Antenna system for a wrist carried paging receiver |
US4947179A (en) * | 1988-05-27 | 1990-08-07 | Junghans Uhren Gmbh | Antenna for a radio controlled timepiece |
EP0348636A1 (en) * | 1988-05-27 | 1990-01-03 | Junghans Uhren Gmbh | Antenna for a small radio-controlled watch |
WO1990008403A1 (en) * | 1989-01-18 | 1990-07-26 | At&E Corporation | Adjustable watchband with embedded antenna |
US4977614A (en) * | 1989-10-23 | 1990-12-11 | Motorola, Inc. | Wristband with loop antenna |
US5136303A (en) * | 1990-02-20 | 1992-08-04 | Nippon Telegraph And Telephone Corporation | Wrist watch type receiver |
EP0443491A1 (en) * | 1990-02-20 | 1991-08-28 | Nippon Telegraph And Telephone Corporation | Wrist watch type receiver |
US5134418A (en) * | 1990-06-04 | 1992-07-28 | Motorola, Inc. | Apparatus for sensing the integrity of a wristband antenna |
US5132697A (en) * | 1990-07-27 | 1992-07-21 | Motorola, Inc. | Insulated clasp for a wrist band loop antenna |
US5410749A (en) * | 1992-12-09 | 1995-04-25 | Motorola, Inc. | Radio communication device having a microstrip antenna with integral receiver systems |
US5986566A (en) * | 1994-08-18 | 1999-11-16 | Oi Denki Co., Ltd. | Wrist band antenna |
US6329903B1 (en) * | 1994-08-18 | 2001-12-11 | Oi Denki Co., Ltd. | Wrist watch-style pager |
US20160035164A1 (en) * | 2014-07-29 | 2016-02-04 | Hon Hai Precision Industry Co., Ltd. | Wearable portable electronic device |
CN107111279A (en) * | 2014-09-12 | 2017-08-29 | 吉欧塞提斯公司 | Connect bracelet |
CN107111279B (en) * | 2014-09-12 | 2019-12-17 | 吉欧塞提斯公司 | Connecting hand ring |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0100639A3 (en) | 1986-03-05 |
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