EP0097735A1 - Method of raising and transplanting plants or germinants - Google Patents

Method of raising and transplanting plants or germinants Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0097735A1
EP0097735A1 EP82105818A EP82105818A EP0097735A1 EP 0097735 A1 EP0097735 A1 EP 0097735A1 EP 82105818 A EP82105818 A EP 82105818A EP 82105818 A EP82105818 A EP 82105818A EP 0097735 A1 EP0097735 A1 EP 0097735A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
plant
stumps
greenhouse
stump
package
Prior art date
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Granted
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EP82105818A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0097735B1 (en
Inventor
Konrad Prof.Dr.Dipl.Agr. Scheffer
Christian Dr. Agr. Kaiser
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Kaiser Christian Dragr
SCHEFFER, KONRAD, PROF. DR. DIPL. AGR.
Original Assignee
Kaiser Christian Dragr
Scheffer Konrad Prof Dr Dipl agr
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Priority to AT82105818T priority Critical patent/ATE25561T1/en
Priority to EP82105818A priority patent/EP0097735B1/en
Publication of EP0097735A1 publication Critical patent/EP0097735A1/en
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Publication of EP0097735B1 publication Critical patent/EP0097735B1/en
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
    • A01C1/04—Arranging seed on carriers, e.g. on tapes, on cords ; Carrier compositions
    • A01C1/042—Tapes, bands or cords
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
    • A01G9/029—Receptacles for seedlings
    • A01G9/0295—Units comprising two or more connected receptacles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for increasing the crop yield of plants of all kinds and for exposing plants or seedlings and at the same time shows a planting package suitable for carrying out the method.
  • the yield potential increases with late maturity.
  • tropical crops such as e.g. in countries with relatively unfavorable climatic conditions such as Germany.
  • Early ripening varieties must be grown to ripen soy or corn.
  • the more unfavorable the climatic conditions the more mature the respective plant variety must be.
  • the FAO number is a measure of early maturity. This means that the more mature the variety, the lower the FAO number.
  • Germany for example, only corn varieties with FAO numbers of around 200 to 300 can be grown due to the climatic conditions.
  • the FAO numbers can rise to values of over 500.
  • the object of the invention is to develop a method for increasing the duck yield and the exposure of plants of all kinds, which is to be used in particular for the sowing of tropical crops, such as e.g. Maize, soy or the like in areas with relatively unfavorable climatic conditions.
  • This is achieved according to the invention in that the seeds of plant varieties which come to maturity later than the location are introduced individually into a pod, pack or the like which is filled with soil and, combined into packages or groups, in a greenhouse or greenhouse driven to plants and then the pods containing each plant are individually planted out in the field.
  • This process can be further improved by exposing the pods containing the seed to light and / or heat in the greenhouse or greenhouse. This accelerates development, i.e. In this way, the photosynthetically effective day length is extended, which sustainably promotes plant growth, which is associated with significant increases in yield.
  • film tunnels and manure beds are also suitable for growing the plants, which may need to be heated.
  • the mentioned additional radiation also has an increased value in the field sowing of late varieties in southern regions, e.g. Italy, because it makes better use of the yield potential of the late varieties grown there.
  • a planting pack intended for carrying out the method according to the invention is characterized by an essentially cylindrical shell, preferably made of material which will later dissolve in the soil, such as e.g. Paper, plastic film or the like, with a filling of soil, peat or a growth-enabling and / or promoting substrate, in each of which a seed is embedded. It is useful to combine several such plant stumps into a package, combined by a band, a frame, box or the like. In order to facilitate the later planting out of the plants, the planting stumps combined into a package can furthermore be connected to one another by a link which determines the planting distances, such as tape, thread or the like. This tape, like the packaging sleeves, can consist of material that dissolves later.
  • a casing material which is adapted to the respective plant species in terms of its penetrability for the plant roots is used. This takes into account the fact that the different types of plants differ in their root pattern, because in a large part of plants their seeds, when they germinate, very quickly form secondary shoot roots - in cereals called crown roots - which spread in their spread must not be significantly impeded.
  • the method according to the invention for growing and exposing plants or seedlings makes it possible to carry out a sufficient stockpiling of previously produced plant stumps, the plant stumps being able to be brought into the ground at any given time without difficulty and which is generally suitable for any type of seed in this way to achieve an increase in crop yield for all plant species, in particular with tropical crops.
  • the plant stumps containing the seeds are combined into packages and stored until the desired point in time when germination is initiated. This ensures year-round production of large quantities of plant stumps for the different types of plants with the same existing machinery.
  • the plant stumps in the package are additionally made by adding a non-dissolving one , to be removed before planting out, forming an intermediate layer insert kept separate.
  • a cover material which can be penetrated by these roots is used in the cultivation of plants with shoot-roots.
  • the casing can also be provided with passages, slots or the like for a possible passage of the plant roots or be formed from a network.
  • a plant stump intended for carrying out the method described above is characterized by an essentially cylindrical shell made of material that dissolves in the ground, such as e.g. Paper, plastic film or the like, with a filling of earth, peat or a growth-enabling and / or promoting substrate, in which a seed is embedded, with the planting stumps being combined into a package at the points where there is premature dissolution the pillar cover must be prevented, a supplement, intermediate layer or the like made of non-dissolving material is switched on, which is removed during planting out and can be used again.
  • material that dissolves in the ground such as e.g. Paper, plastic film or the like
  • a filling of earth, peat or a growth-enabling and / or promoting substrate in which a seed is embedded
  • the plant stump packages can be formed and designed in a wide variety of forms. So the plant stumps be combined in a row arrangement in the package, the stumps of a row being connected to one another by a link securing the planting distance, such as thread, tape or the like, and the stump rows being kept separate from one another by a non-dissolving intermediate layer.
  • each seed is embedded in its own planting package.
  • this pack consists of an outer casing 1, made of a material such as paper, plastic film or the like, which dissolves or bursts in the soil after a certain time when the plant seedling continues to develop.
  • This process can be promoted by providing the casing 1 with perforations, slits or the like, at least in the root area, or in the form of a network.
  • the casing 1 is filled with soil, peat or a substrate 2 which enables or also promotes growth and in which the seed 3 is embedded at about mid-height.
  • each planting pack has approximately the shape of a cigar and can be described as a "plant stump".
  • a large number of the plant stumps shown in FIG. 1, which are otherwise open at their ends, are combined to form a package, as can be seen in FIG. 3.
  • the individual stumps are close together.
  • the entire package can be erected upright in a greenhouse or greenhouse. All maintenance work can be carried out easily, so that the respective seed 3 develops into a plant 4 with a correspondingly long stay in the greenhouse, as shown in FIG. 2.
  • the entire plant package 6 can be removed from the greenhouse and planted out in the field.
  • the individual plant packs are expediently connected to one another by a band 5, a thread 7 or the like, which also later dissolves in the soil and the plant removal of the individual cuttings.
  • FIG. 7 and 8 show plant stump packages 6 'and 6 ".
  • a single-layer insert 8 similar to FIG. 3.
  • this can be the lower one 8
  • an insert 8 'according to FIG. 6 is used which encloses the stumps held at a distance from one another by the thread 7 or the row of stumps formed therefrom on both sides.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Cultivation Receptacles Or Flower-Pots, Or Pots For Seedlings (AREA)
  • Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)

Abstract

1. A method for the cultivation and planting out of plants or seedlings, wherein plant holders made of earth or a growth-promoting substrate with seeds embedded therein are arranged in a row, are united to form packs or groups, are brought on in a hothouse or greenhouse and, subsequently, are planted out individually, characterised in that the plant holders are arranged in a row in a film-like enclosure (8, 8') which cannot be penetrated by the plant roots and which encloses the bottom of the row of plant holders, and in that the enclosure is removed prior to planting out.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Steigerung des Ernteertrages von Pflanzen aller Art und zum Aussetzen von Pflanzen oder Keimlingen und zeigt gleichzeitig eine für die Durchführung des Verfahrens geeignete Pflanzpackung. Bekanntlich steigt das Ertragspotential mit der Spätreife. Um in den Ländern mit relativ ungünstigen Klimabedingungen, wie beispielsweise in Deutschland, insbesondere tropische Kulturpflanzen wie z.B. Soja oder Mais zur Reife zu bringen, müssen frühreifende Sorten angebaut werden. Je ungünstiger die Klimabedingungen, desto frühreifer muß somit die jeweilige Pflanzensorte sein. Ein Maß für die Frühreife ist durch die sog. FAO-Zahl gegeben. Das bedeutet, daß je frühreifer die Sorte ist, desto niedriger ist die FAO-Zahl. In Deutschland können wegen der Klimabedingungen beispielsweise nur Maissorten mit FAO-Zahlen von etwa 200 bis 300 angebaut werden. In südlichen Ländern, wie z.B. Italien, können die FAO-Zahlen auf Werte von über 500 steigen.The invention relates to a method for increasing the crop yield of plants of all kinds and for exposing plants or seedlings and at the same time shows a planting package suitable for carrying out the method. As is well known, the yield potential increases with late maturity. In order to protect tropical crops such as e.g. in countries with relatively unfavorable climatic conditions such as Germany. Early ripening varieties must be grown to ripen soy or corn. The more unfavorable the climatic conditions, the more mature the respective plant variety must be. The FAO number is a measure of early maturity. This means that the more mature the variety, the lower the FAO number. In Germany, for example, only corn varieties with FAO numbers of around 200 to 300 can be grown due to the climatic conditions. In southern countries, e.g. Italy, the FAO numbers can rise to values of over 500.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, ein Verfahren zur Steigerung des Enteertrages und das Aussetzen von Pflanzen aller Art zu entwickeln, welches insbesondere Anwendung finden soll für die Aussaat von tropischen Kulturpflanzen, wie z.B. Mais, Soja od. dgl. in Gegenden mit relativ ungünstigen Klimabedingungen. Dies wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch erreicht, daß die Samenkörner von, später als dem Standort entsprechend, zur Reife kommenden Pflanzensorten einzeln in jeweils eine mit Erde gefüllte Hülse, Packung od. dgl. eingebracht und, zu Paketen oder Gruppen zusammengefaßt, in einem Treib- oder Gewächshaus zu Pflanzen vorgetrieben und anschließend die jeweils eine Pflanze enthaltenden Hülsen einzeln im Feld ausgepflanzt werden.The object of the invention is to develop a method for increasing the duck yield and the exposure of plants of all kinds, which is to be used in particular for the sowing of tropical crops, such as e.g. Maize, soy or the like in areas with relatively unfavorable climatic conditions. This is achieved according to the invention in that the seeds of plant varieties which come to maturity later than the location are introduced individually into a pod, pack or the like which is filled with soil and, combined into packages or groups, in a greenhouse or greenhouse driven to plants and then the pods containing each plant are individually planted out in the field.

Dieses Verfahren läßt sich noch verbessern, indem die das Samenkorn enthaltenden Hülsen im Treib- oder Gewächshaus einer Licht- und/oder Wärmebestrahlung ausgesetzt werden. Diese wirkt entwicklungsbeschleunigend, d.h. es erfolgt auf diese Weise eine Verlängerung der photosynthetisch wirksamen Tageslänge, wodurch das Pflanzenwachstum nachhaltig gefördert wird, was mit deutlichen Ertragssteigerungen verbunden ist.This process can be further improved by exposing the pods containing the seed to light and / or heat in the greenhouse or greenhouse. This accelerates development, i.e. In this way, the photosynthetically effective day length is extended, which sustainably promotes plant growth, which is associated with significant increases in yield.

Für die Anzucht der Pflanzen eignen sich neben einem Treib- oder Gewächshaus auch Folientunnel und Mistbeete, die ggf. beheizbar sein müssen. Dabei hat die erwähnte Zusatzbestrahlung auch erhöhten Wert bei der Feldaussaat von späten Sorten in südlichen Gegenden, wie z.B. Italien, weil dadurch das Ertragspotential der dort angebauten späten Maissorten besser genutzt wird.In addition to a greenhouse or greenhouse, film tunnels and manure beds are also suitable for growing the plants, which may need to be heated. The mentioned additional radiation also has an increased value in the field sowing of late varieties in southern regions, e.g. Italy, because it makes better use of the yield potential of the late varieties grown there.

Eine zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens bestimmte Pflanzpackung kennzeichnet sich durch eine im wesentlichen zylindrische Hülle, vorzugsweise aus sich später im Erdreich auflösendem Material, wie z.B. Papier, Kunststoffolie od. dgl., mit einer Füllung von Erde, Torf oder einem das Wachstum ermöglichenden und/oder fördernden Substrat, in die jeweils ein Samenkorn eingebettet ist. Dabei werden zweckmäßig mehrere solcher Pflanzstumpen zu einem Paket, durch ein Band, einen Rahmen, Kasten od. dgl. vereint, zusammengefaßt. Um das spätere Auspflanzen der Pflanzen zu erleichtern, können weiterhin die zu einem Paket zusammengefaßten Pflanzstumpen untereinander durch ein die Pflanzabstände bestimmendes Glied, wie Band, Faden od. dgl. verbunden sein. Dieses Band kann ebenso wie die Packungshüllen aus sich später auflösendem Material bestehen.A planting pack intended for carrying out the method according to the invention is characterized by an essentially cylindrical shell, preferably made of material which will later dissolve in the soil, such as e.g. Paper, plastic film or the like, with a filling of soil, peat or a growth-enabling and / or promoting substrate, in each of which a seed is embedded. It is useful to combine several such plant stumps into a package, combined by a band, a frame, box or the like. In order to facilitate the later planting out of the plants, the planting stumps combined into a package can furthermore be connected to one another by a link which determines the planting distances, such as tape, thread or the like. This tape, like the packaging sleeves, can consist of material that dissolves later.

Weitere Vorteile werden dadurch erreicht, daß für die Hüllen der das Saatgut enthaltenden Pflanzstumpen ein, der jeweiligen Pflanzenart in Bezug auf seine Durchdringbarkeit für die Pflanzenwurzeln angepaßtes Hüllmaterial Verwendung findet. Damit wird dem Tatbestand Rechnung getragen, daß sich die verschiedenen Pflanzenarten durch ihr Wurzelbild unterscheiden, weil bei einem groß-en Teil von Pflanzen deren Samen beim Keimen sehr bald neben primären Keimwurzeln sekundäre sproßbürtige Wurzeln - bei Getreide Kronenwurzeln genannt - ausbildet, die in ihrer Ausbreitung nicht wesentlich behindert werden dürfen.Further advantages are achieved in that for the casings of the plant stumps containing the seed, a casing material which is adapted to the respective plant species in terms of its penetrability for the plant roots is used. This takes into account the fact that the different types of plants differ in their root pattern, because in a large part of plants their seeds, when they germinate, very quickly form secondary shoot roots - in cereals called crown roots - which spread in their spread must not be significantly impeded.

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zur Anzucht und zum Aussetzen von Pflanzen oder Keimlingen gestattet es, eine ausreichende Bevorratung von vorher gefertigten Pflanzstumpen durchzuführen, wobei die Pflanzstumpen ohne Schwierigkeit zur gegebenen Zeit in den Boden gebracht werden können und welches sich ganz allgemein fr jegliche Samenart eignet, um auf diese Weise eine Steigerung des Ernteertrages bei allen Pflanzenarten, insbesondere mit tropischen Kulturpflanzen, zu erreichen. Dabei werden die das Saatgut enthaltenden Pflanzstumpen zu Paketen zusammengefaßt und bis zum gewünschten Zeitpunkt der Einleitung der Keimung gelagert. Dadurch ist eine ganzjährige Produktion großer Mengen von Pflanzstumpen für die verschiedenen Pflanzenarten mit dem gleichen dafür vorhandenen Maschinenbestand gewährleistet.The method according to the invention for growing and exposing plants or seedlings makes it possible to carry out a sufficient stockpiling of previously produced plant stumps, the plant stumps being able to be brought into the ground at any given time without difficulty and which is generally suitable for any type of seed in this way to achieve an increase in crop yield for all plant species, in particular with tropical crops. The plant stumps containing the seeds are combined into packages and stored until the desired point in time when germination is initiated. This ensures year-round production of large quantities of plant stumps for the different types of plants with the same existing machinery.

Um ein vorzeitiges Keimen der Pflanzstumpen zu verhindern, werden diese während der Lagerzeit trocken gehalten und erst zwecks Einleitung der Keimung befeuchtet.In order to prevent premature germination of the plant stumps, they are kept dry during the storage period and are moistened only to initiate germination.

Um zu verhindern, daß sich die Hüllen der in einem Paket zusammengefaßten Pflanzstumpen vorzeitig auflösen und die Wurzeln benachbarter Pflanzstumpen sich untereinander verfilzen, was das spätere Vereinzeln der Stumpen beim Auspflanzen ins Feld stark beeinträchtigt, werden die Pflanzstumpen im Paket zusätzlich durch Beifügen einer sich nicht auflösenden, vor dem Auspflanzen zu entfernenden, eine Zwischenschicht bildenden Beilage voneinander getrennt gehalten.In order to prevent the shells of the plant stumps combined in a package from prematurely dissolving and the roots of neighboring plant stumps from matting together, which greatly affects the later separation of the stumps when planting out in the field, the plant stumps in the package are additionally made by adding a non-dissolving one , to be removed before planting out, forming an intermediate layer insert kept separate.

Vorzugsweise wird bei der Anzucht von Pflanzen mit sproßbürtigen Wurzeln ein von diesen Wurzeln durchdringbares Hüllmaterial verwendet. Die Hülle kann aber auch mit Durchlässen, Schlitzen od. dgl. für einen möglichen Durchtritt der Pflanzenwurzeln versehen oder aus einem Netz gebildet sein.Preferably, a cover material which can be penetrated by these roots is used in the cultivation of plants with shoot-roots. However, the casing can also be provided with passages, slots or the like for a possible passage of the plant roots or be formed from a network.

Eine zur Durchführung des oben beschriebenen Verfahrens bestimmte Pflanzstumpe ist gekennzeichnet durch eine im wesentlichen zylindrische Hülle aus sich im Erdreich auflösendem Material, wie z.B. Papier, Kunststoffolie od. dgl., mit einer Füllung aus Erde, Torf oder einem das Wachstum ermöglichenden und/oder fördernden Substrat, in welches ein Samenkorn eingebettet ist, wobei zwischen die zu einem Paket zusammengefaßten Pflanzstumpen an den Stellen, an denen eine vorzeitige Auflösung der Stumpenhülle verhindert werden muß, eine Beilage, Zwischenschicht od. dgl. aus sich nicht auflösendem Material eingeschaltet ist, die beim Auspflanzen entfernt wird und sich wieder verwenden läßt.A plant stump intended for carrying out the method described above is characterized by an essentially cylindrical shell made of material that dissolves in the ground, such as e.g. Paper, plastic film or the like, with a filling of earth, peat or a growth-enabling and / or promoting substrate, in which a seed is embedded, with the planting stumps being combined into a package at the points where there is premature dissolution the pillar cover must be prevented, a supplement, intermediate layer or the like made of non-dissolving material is switched on, which is removed during planting out and can be used again.

Die Pflanzstumpenpakete lassen sich in verschiedenster Form bilden und gestalten. So können die Pflanzstumpen in Reihenanordnung im Paket zusammengefaßt sein, wobei die Stumpen einer Reihe durch ein den Pflanzabstand sicherndes Glied, wie Faden, Band od. dgl., untereinander verbunden sind und die Stumpenreihen durch eine sich nicht auflösende Zwischenlage voneinander getrennt gehalten sind.The plant stump packages can be formed and designed in a wide variety of forms. So the plant stumps be combined in a row arrangement in the package, the stumps of a row being connected to one another by a link securing the planting distance, such as thread, tape or the like, and the stump rows being kept separate from one another by a non-dissolving intermediate layer.

Weitere Einzelheiten der Erfindung bilden den Gegenstand der Unteransprüche. Einige Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind in der folgenden Beschreibung erläutert und in den Zeichnungen dargestellt, und zwar zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 eine ein Samenkorn enthaltende Einzelpackung im Schnitt;
  • Fig. 2 die gleiche Einzelpackung nach der Entwicklung der Pflanze;
  • Fig. 3- ein Packungspaket aus einer Vielzahl von Einzelpackungen;
  • Fig. 4 einen Teil einer Pflanzstumpenreihe aus Stumpen für Pflanzen, welche nur Haupt-oder Pfahlwurzeln ausbilden;
  • Fig. 5 und 6 Darstellungen einer ähnlichen Reihe aus Pflanzstumpen für Pflanzen, die Keim- und Kronenwurzeln ausbilden und
  • Fig. 7 und 8 schematische Darstellungen von Stumpenpaketen.
Further details of the invention form the subject of the subclaims. Some exemplary embodiments of the invention are explained in the following description and illustrated in the drawings, in which:
  • 1 shows a single pack containing a seed in section;
  • 2 shows the same individual pack after the development of the plant;
  • Fig. 3 - a pack package from a variety of individual packs;
  • 4 shows a part of a row of plant stumps from stumps for plants which form only main roots or tap roots;
  • 5 and 6 representations of a similar series of plant stumps for plants that form germ and crown roots and
  • 7 and 8 are schematic representations of pillar packs.

Erfindungsgemäß ist jedes Samenkorn in eine eigene Pflanzpackung eingebettet. Gemäß Fig. 1 besteht diese Packung aus einer äußeren Hülle 1, aus einem Material wie Papier, Kunststoffolie od. dgl., welches sich nach einer gewissen Zeit im Erdreich auflöst bzw. platzt, wenn sich der Pflanzenkeimling weiterentwickelt. Dieser Vorgang kann dadurch gefördert werden, daß die Hülle 1 zumindest im Wurzelbereich mit Durchbrechungen, Schlitzen od. dgl. versehen wird oder als Netz ausgebildet ist. Die Hülle 1 ist mit Erde, Torf oder einem das Wachstum ermöglichenden oder auch fördernden Substrat 2 gefüllt, in die etwa in mittlerer Höhe das Samenkorn 3 eingebettet ist. Jede Pflanzpackung hat auf diese Weise annähernd die Gestalt einer Zigarre und ist als "Pflanzstumpe" zu bezeichnen.According to the invention, each seed is embedded in its own planting package. 1, this pack consists of an outer casing 1, made of a material such as paper, plastic film or the like, which dissolves or bursts in the soil after a certain time when the plant seedling continues to develop. This process can be promoted by providing the casing 1 with perforations, slits or the like, at least in the root area, or in the form of a network. The casing 1 is filled with soil, peat or a substrate 2 which enables or also promotes growth and in which the seed 3 is embedded at about mid-height. In this way, each planting pack has approximately the shape of a cigar and can be described as a "plant stump".

Für die Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens wird eine Vielzahl der in Fig. 1 dargestellten Pflanzstumpen, die im übrigen an ihrem Ende offen sind, zu einem Paket vereinigt, wie dies Fig. 3 erkennen 7äBt. Die einzelnen Pflanzstumpen liegen dabei dicht aneinander. Auf diese Weise läßt sich das gesamte Paket aufrechtstehend in einem Treib- oder Gewächshaus aufstellen. Alle Pflegearbeiten lassen sich leicht durchführen, so daß sich das jeweilige Samenkorn 3 bei entsprechend bemessener Aufenthaltszeit im Gewächshaus zu einer Pflanze 4 entwickelt, wie dies in Fig. 2 dargestellt ist. Nach genügend langer Entwicklungszeit kann das gesamte Pflanzenpaket 6 aus dem Gewächshaus entnommen und auf dem Feld ausgepflanzt werden. Zweckmäßig sind dabei die einzelnen Pflanzpackungen durch ein Band 5, einen Faden 7 od. dgl. untereinander verbunden, der sich ebenfalls später im Erdreich auflöst und die Pflanzentfernung der einzelnen Stecklinge festlegt. Wichtig ist, daß bereits bei der Herstellung der Pflanzstumpen auf das spätere Wurzelbild der jeweiligen Pflanzenart Rücksicht genommen und in jedem Fall ein der jeweiligen Pflanzenart in Bezug auf seine Durchdringbarkeit angepaßtes Hüllmaterial verwendet wird. In den Fig. 4 und 5 sind zwei verschiedene Sorten von Pflanzstumpen wiedergegeben. Die Pflanzen gemäß Fig. 4 bilden aus dem Samenkorn 3' nach unten gehend Keim- und Krbnenwurzeln aus, wohingegen bei den Pflanzen gemäß Fig. 5 aus dem Samenkorn 3 sich nur Haupt- oder Pfahlwurzeln ausbilden, die das Hüllmaterial 1 während des Keimens nach den Seiten hin durchdringen. Hierauf muß bei der Bildung der Pflanzpakete bereits Rücksicht genommen werden, indem zwischen die einzelnen Pflanzstumpen Beilagen 8 bzw. 8' eingebracht werden, die aus sich nicht auflösendem Material, beispielsweise Kunststoffolie, bestehen und beim Auspflanzen der Pflanzstumpen wieder entfernt werden. Sie können zu gegebener Zeit wieder verwendet werden.For the implementation of the method according to the invention, a large number of the plant stumps shown in FIG. 1, which are otherwise open at their ends, are combined to form a package, as can be seen in FIG. 3. The individual stumps are close together. In this way, the entire package can be erected upright in a greenhouse or greenhouse. All maintenance work can be carried out easily, so that the respective seed 3 develops into a plant 4 with a correspondingly long stay in the greenhouse, as shown in FIG. 2. After a sufficiently long development period, the entire plant package 6 can be removed from the greenhouse and planted out in the field. The individual plant packs are expediently connected to one another by a band 5, a thread 7 or the like, which also later dissolves in the soil and the plant removal of the individual cuttings. It is important that consideration is given to the later root pattern of the respective plant species during the production of the plant stumps and that in each case an envelope material adapted to the respective plant species with regard to its penetrability is used. 4 and 5, two different types of stumps are shown. The plants according to FIG. 4 form seed and cran roots from the seed 3 'going downwards, whereas in the plants according to FIG. 5 only seeds or tap roots form from the seed 3, which the covering material 1 during germination after Penetrate sides. This must already be taken into account when forming the planting packages by inserting supplements 8 or 8 'between the individual planting stumps, which are made of non-dissolving material, for example plastic film, and are removed again when the planting stumps are planted out. They can be used again in due course.

In den Fig. 7 und 8 sind Pflanzstumpenpakete 6' und 6" wiedergegeben. Bei der Ausführungsform gemäß Fig. 7 reicht es aus, eine einschichtige Beilage 8, ähnlich wie bei Fig. 3, zu verwenden. Diese kann gemäß Fig. 6 die unteren Enden der Pflanzstumpe umfassen. Bei der Ausführungsform des Stumpenpaketes gemäß Fig. 8 wird eine Beilage 8' gemäß Fig. 6 verwendet, die die im Abstand zueinander durch den Faden 7 gehaltenen Stumpen bzw. die daraus gebildete Stumpenreihe beidseitig umschließt.7 and 8 show plant stump packages 6 'and 6 ". In the embodiment according to FIG. 7, it is sufficient to use a single-layer insert 8, similar to FIG. 3. According to FIG. 6, this can be the lower one 8, an insert 8 'according to FIG. 6 is used which encloses the stumps held at a distance from one another by the thread 7 or the row of stumps formed therefrom on both sides.

Claims (13)

1. Verfahren zur Anzucht und zum Aussetzen von Pflanzen oder Keimlingen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Samenkörner einzeln in jeweils eine mit Erde, Torf oder einem das Wachstum ermöglichenden Substrat zu füllende, etwa zylindrische Hülle aus Papier, Kunststoffolie od. dgl. eingebracht, die so gebildeten Pflanzstumpen zu Paketen oder Gruppen zusammengefaßt, im Treib- oder Gewächshaus vorgetrieben und anschließend die jeweils eine Pflanze enthaltenden Pflanzstumpen einzeln im Feld ausgepflanzt werden.1. A method for growing and exposing plants or seedlings, characterized in that seeds are individually introduced in a soil, peat or a growth-enabling substrate to be filled, such as cylindrical casing made of paper, plastic film or the like. The so formed plant stumps combined into packages or groups, driven in the greenhouse or greenhouse and then the plant stumps each containing a plant are individually planted out in the field. 2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß für die Hüllen der das Saatgut enthaltenden Pflanzstumpen ein, der jeweiligen Pflanzenart in Bezug'auf säne Durchdringbarkeit angepaßtes Hüllmaterial Verwendung findet.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that for the shells of the seed stumps containing a, the respective plant type in relation to seed penetration adapted wrapping material is used. 3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die das Saatgut enthaltenden Pflanzstumpen zu Paketen zusammengefaßt und bis zum gewünschten Zeitpunkt der Einleitung der Keimung gelagert werden.3. The method according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that the plant stumps containing the seeds are combined into packages and stored until the desired time of initiation of germination. 4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die das Saatgut enthaltenden Pflanzstumpen im Treib- oder Gewächshaus einer Licht- und/ oder Wärmebestrahlung ausgesetzt werden.4. The method according to claim 1 to 3, characterized in that the plant stumps containing the seeds are exposed to light and / or heat radiation in the greenhouse or greenhouse. 5. Verfahren nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Füllung der Pflanzstumpen mit dem darin enthaltenen Samen während der Lagerzeit trocken gehalten wird.5. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that the filling of the stumps with the seeds contained therein is kept dry during the storage period. 6. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Pflanzstumpen im Paket zusätzlich durch Beifügen einer vor dem Auspflanzen zu entfernenden, sich nicht auflösenden und eine Zwischenschicht bildenden Beilage voneinander getrennt gehalten werden.6. The method according to claim 1 to 3, characterized in that the plant stumps in the package are additionally kept separate from each other by adding a non-dissolving and an intermediate layer to be removed before planting out. 7. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die das Saatgut enthaltenden Pflanzstumpen zwecks Einleitung der Keimung ggf. im Treib- oder Gewächshaus befeuchtet werden.7. The method according to claim 1 to 3, characterized in that the plant stumps containing the seeds may be moistened in the greenhouse or greenhouse for the purpose of initiating germination. 8. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß bei der Anzucht von Pflanzen mit sproßbürtigen Wurzeln ein von diesen Wurzeln durchdringbares Hüllmaterial Verwendung findet.8. The method according to claim 1 to 6, characterized in that in the cultivation of plants with root roots a penetrable sheath material from these roots is used. 9. Eine zur Durchführung des Verfahrens gemäß den Ansprüchen 1 bis 8 bestimmte Pflanzstumpe, gekennzeichnet durch eine im wesentlichen zylindrische Hülle (1) aus sich im Erdreich auflösendem Material, wie z.B. Papier, Kunststoffolie od. dgl., mit einer Füllung (2) aus Erde, Torf oder einem das Wachstum ermöglichenden Substrat, in die ein Samenkorn (3) eingebettet ist, wobei zwischen zu einem Paket (6, 6', 6") zusammengefaßten Pflanzstumpen an den Stellen, an denen eine vorzeitige Auflösung der Stumpenhülle (1) zu verhindern ist, eine Beilage, Zwischenschicht od. dgl. (8, 8') aus sich nicht auflösendem Material eingeschaltet ist.A plant stump intended for carrying out the method according to claims 1 to 8, characterized by a substantially cylindrical casing (1) made of material dissolving in the ground, such as e.g. Paper, plastic film or the like, with a filling (2) made of earth, peat or a substrate which enables growth, into which a seed (3) is embedded, with a package (6, 6 ', 6 ") being combined between them Plant stumps at the points where premature dissolution of the stump casing (1) is to be prevented, an insert, intermediate layer or the like (8, 8 ') made of non-dissolving material is switched on. 10. Pflanzstumpenpaket nach Anspruch 8 und 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Pflanzstumpen in Reienanordnung im Paket zusammengefaßt und dabei die Stumpen (1) einer Reihe durch ein den Pflanzabstand sicherndes Glied, wie Faden (7), Band (5) od. dgl. untereinander verbunden sind und die Stumpenreihen durch eine sich nicht auflösende Zwischenlage (8') voneinander getrennt gehalten sind.10. Plant stump package according to claim 8 and 9, characterized in that the plant stumps are arranged in a row arrangement in the package and the stumps (1) of a row by a planting distance securing member, such as thread (7), band (5) or the like. are interconnected and the rows of stumps are kept separate from one another by a non-dissolving intermediate layer (8 '). 11. Pflanzstumpenpaket nach Anspuch 9 und 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die zwischen die einzelnen Pflanzstumpen eingeschaltete, sich nicht auflösende Beilage oder Zwischenschicht (8, 8') vor der Aussaat entfernbar ist.11. Plant stump package according to claim 9 and 10, characterized in that the inserted between the individual plant stumps, non-dissolving insert or intermediate layer (8, 8 ') can be removed before sowing. 12. Pflanzstumpe nach Anspruch 9 und 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Hülle der Stumpe mit Durchlässen, Schlitzen od. dgl. für einen möglichen Durchtritt der Pflanzenwurzeln versehen ist.12. Plant stump according to claim 9 and 10, characterized in that the envelope of the stump is provided with passages, slots or the like. For a possible passage of the plant roots. 13. Pflanzstumpe nach Anspruch 9 und 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Hülle aus einem die Füllung (2) umschließenden Netz od. dgl. gebildet ist.13. Plant stump according to claim 9 and 10, characterized in that the casing or the like from a filling (2) surrounding the net. Is formed.
EP82105818A 1982-06-30 1982-06-30 Method of raising and transplanting plants or germinants Expired EP0097735B1 (en)

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AT82105818T ATE25561T1 (en) 1982-06-30 1982-06-30 METHODS OF PRODUCING AND PLANTING PLANTS OR SEEDLINGS.
EP82105818A EP0097735B1 (en) 1982-06-30 1982-06-30 Method of raising and transplanting plants or germinants

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Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2157534A (en) * 1984-04-18 1985-10-30 James Ernest Pape Decomposable seed pot
DE3422655A1 (en) * 1984-06-19 1985-12-19 Franz Kleine Maschinenfabrik Gmbh & Co, 4796 Salzkotten Method and apparatus for the automatic planting out of uprooted plants
GB2163336A (en) * 1984-08-20 1986-02-26 Hauni Werke Koerber & Co Kg Plant carrying devices and method and apparatus for their production
EP0195653A2 (en) * 1985-03-19 1986-09-24 Williames Hi-Tech International Pty. Limited Pivotally linked rigid cell chains
FR2593018A1 (en) * 1986-01-21 1987-07-24 Challet Herault Creations Device for covering seeds and protecting young plants
EP0347765A1 (en) * 1988-06-18 1989-12-27 Klaus Brocks Process and apparatus for the production of energy from biomasses
GB2233540A (en) * 1989-07-12 1991-01-16 Michael J Cooke Capillary seed propagating system
EP0752205A1 (en) * 1995-07-07 1997-01-08 Yazaki Corporation Method for planting gel-coated seeds
US5653055A (en) * 1995-01-31 1997-08-05 Nihon Tensaiseito Kabushiki Kaisha Continuously assembled pots for raising and transplanting seedlings
FR2758230A1 (en) * 1997-01-10 1998-07-17 Esox Seed support for elongated plant seeds, or cuttings
EP0906722A1 (en) * 1997-10-02 1999-04-07 Angelo Lomonaco Method for sowing small seeds such as tomato seeds
WO1999048350A1 (en) * 1998-03-24 1999-09-30 Nielsen Carsten Holmgaard A material for use in the preparation of a seedbed, a method of controlling weed budding in seedbeds, and use of the material or the method for controlling weed budding
US6240674B1 (en) * 1996-03-01 2001-06-05 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Seedling raising sheet, method of manufacturing same, seedling raising method, culturing method, and transplanter
KR101234893B1 (en) * 2008-08-01 2013-02-19 퀄컴 인코포레이티드 Multi-mode configurable transmitter circuit
DE102018009083A1 (en) 2018-11-09 2020-05-14 Margarethe Krecisz Device for seed germination and plant cultivation
WO2021226638A1 (en) 2020-05-06 2021-11-11 Bjorkemar Construction And Consulting (South Africa) (Pty) Ltd Transplanter and method of planting seedlings
WO2022253782A1 (en) * 2021-06-01 2022-12-08 Waldwieseholz Gmbh Method of precultivating and planting woody forest plants
GB2612913A (en) * 2021-11-15 2023-05-17 Micropropagation Services E M Ltd Roll of plugs of Sphagnum

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GB927792A (en) * 1959-09-10 1963-06-06 Nippon Beet Sugar Mfg Devices for sowing, growing and transplanting seedlings of sugar beet or other root-crop vegetables
DE1582055A1 (en) * 1966-12-21 1970-04-30 Me Kox Ind Process for producing clumps of strips containing growth medium and strips for carrying out the process
US4130072A (en) * 1977-02-25 1978-12-19 Gravi-Mechanics Co. Field transplant systems and methods and components thereof

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB927792A (en) * 1959-09-10 1963-06-06 Nippon Beet Sugar Mfg Devices for sowing, growing and transplanting seedlings of sugar beet or other root-crop vegetables
DE1582055A1 (en) * 1966-12-21 1970-04-30 Me Kox Ind Process for producing clumps of strips containing growth medium and strips for carrying out the process
US4130072A (en) * 1977-02-25 1978-12-19 Gravi-Mechanics Co. Field transplant systems and methods and components thereof

Cited By (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2157534A (en) * 1984-04-18 1985-10-30 James Ernest Pape Decomposable seed pot
DE3422655A1 (en) * 1984-06-19 1985-12-19 Franz Kleine Maschinenfabrik Gmbh & Co, 4796 Salzkotten Method and apparatus for the automatic planting out of uprooted plants
GB2163336A (en) * 1984-08-20 1986-02-26 Hauni Werke Koerber & Co Kg Plant carrying devices and method and apparatus for their production
EP0195653A2 (en) * 1985-03-19 1986-09-24 Williames Hi-Tech International Pty. Limited Pivotally linked rigid cell chains
EP0195653A3 (en) * 1985-03-19 1988-02-24 Williames Hi-Tech International Pty. Limited Pivotally linked rigid cell chains pivotally linked rigid cell chains
FR2593018A1 (en) * 1986-01-21 1987-07-24 Challet Herault Creations Device for covering seeds and protecting young plants
EP0347765A1 (en) * 1988-06-18 1989-12-27 Klaus Brocks Process and apparatus for the production of energy from biomasses
GB2233540A (en) * 1989-07-12 1991-01-16 Michael J Cooke Capillary seed propagating system
US5653055A (en) * 1995-01-31 1997-08-05 Nihon Tensaiseito Kabushiki Kaisha Continuously assembled pots for raising and transplanting seedlings
EP0752205A1 (en) * 1995-07-07 1997-01-08 Yazaki Corporation Method for planting gel-coated seeds
US5787824A (en) * 1995-07-07 1998-08-04 Yazaki Corporation Method for planting gel-coated seeds
US6240674B1 (en) * 1996-03-01 2001-06-05 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Seedling raising sheet, method of manufacturing same, seedling raising method, culturing method, and transplanter
FR2758230A1 (en) * 1997-01-10 1998-07-17 Esox Seed support for elongated plant seeds, or cuttings
EP0906722A1 (en) * 1997-10-02 1999-04-07 Angelo Lomonaco Method for sowing small seeds such as tomato seeds
WO1999048350A1 (en) * 1998-03-24 1999-09-30 Nielsen Carsten Holmgaard A material for use in the preparation of a seedbed, a method of controlling weed budding in seedbeds, and use of the material or the method for controlling weed budding
KR101234893B1 (en) * 2008-08-01 2013-02-19 퀄컴 인코포레이티드 Multi-mode configurable transmitter circuit
DE102018009083A1 (en) 2018-11-09 2020-05-14 Margarethe Krecisz Device for seed germination and plant cultivation
WO2021226638A1 (en) 2020-05-06 2021-11-11 Bjorkemar Construction And Consulting (South Africa) (Pty) Ltd Transplanter and method of planting seedlings
WO2022253782A1 (en) * 2021-06-01 2022-12-08 Waldwieseholz Gmbh Method of precultivating and planting woody forest plants
GB2612913A (en) * 2021-11-15 2023-05-17 Micropropagation Services E M Ltd Roll of plugs of Sphagnum
GB2612913B (en) * 2021-11-15 2024-01-24 Micropropagation Services E M Ltd Roll of plugs of Sphagnum

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EP0097735B1 (en) 1987-03-04
ATE25561T1 (en) 1987-03-15

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