EP0097252B1 - Muffle for a furnace in which the charge is moved continually or by jerks - Google Patents

Muffle for a furnace in which the charge is moved continually or by jerks Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0097252B1
EP0097252B1 EP83105009A EP83105009A EP0097252B1 EP 0097252 B1 EP0097252 B1 EP 0097252B1 EP 83105009 A EP83105009 A EP 83105009A EP 83105009 A EP83105009 A EP 83105009A EP 0097252 B1 EP0097252 B1 EP 0097252B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
muffle
distinguished
internal body
accordance
shell casing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP83105009A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0097252A1 (en
Inventor
Herbert Cremer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Cremer Thermoprozessanlagen GmbH
Original Assignee
Cremer Thermoprozessanlagen GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Cremer Thermoprozessanlagen GmbH filed Critical Cremer Thermoprozessanlagen GmbH
Priority to AT83105009T priority Critical patent/ATE16849T1/en
Publication of EP0097252A1 publication Critical patent/EP0097252A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0097252B1 publication Critical patent/EP0097252B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/0043—Muffle furnaces; Retort furnaces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B5/00—Muffle furnaces; Retort furnaces; Other furnaces in which the charge is held completely isolated
    • F27B5/04—Muffle furnaces; Retort furnaces; Other furnaces in which the charge is held completely isolated adapted for treating the charge in vacuum or special atmosphere
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B5/00—Muffle furnaces; Retort furnaces; Other furnaces in which the charge is held completely isolated
    • F27B5/06—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
    • F27B5/10—Muffles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/06—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity heated without contact between combustion gases and charge; electrically heated
    • F27B9/08—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity heated without contact between combustion gases and charge; electrically heated heated through chamber walls
    • F27B9/082—Muffle furnaces
    • F27B9/084—Muffle furnaces the muffle being fixed and in a single piece
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D11/00—Arrangement of elements for electric heating in or on furnaces
    • F27D11/02—Ohmic resistance heating

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a muffle for furnaces operating in a continuous or impact process for the heat treatment of materials under protective gas with an elongated, heat-resistant jacket provided with an opening at least at one end.
  • the material to be subjected to heat treatment under protective gas can e.g. B. be continuously moved through the muffle by means of a conveyor belt.
  • a muffle open at both ends is required for this.
  • the conveyor belt lies on the bottom of the muffle, or it is guided by an intermediate layer provided in the muffle.
  • muffles can also be used in burst operation, the material to be treated being introduced into the muffle from one end in steel or graphite glow boxes or on ceramic pusher plates and removed to the other end after the required treatment time.
  • These molds can also be used in chamber furnaces with only one opening.
  • Muffles are already known which are cast from heat-resistant metal alloys or made from corresponding metal sheets. Since such muffles are subjected to temperatures of up to approximately 1150 ° C., the durability of such metal muffles is limited. Such muffles have the advantage, however, that they can be made gas-tight with the exception of the ends required for introducing or discharging the material to be treated.
  • Muffles made of ceramic material are also known. Such a material withstands the thermal stress that occurs much better than a metallic muffle.
  • it is disadvantageous for a muffle made of ceramic material that it cannot be made gas-tight, in particular not if it is e.g. B. must be assembled from several parts due to the required dimensions, so that transverse to the longitudinal direction or other joints result.
  • the object of the present invention is to create a muffle of the type mentioned at the outset, which combines the advantageous features of the metal muffle with those of the muffle made of ceramic material.
  • the invention provides that the jacket has an inner body made of ceramic material, which is enclosed by a shell made of sheet steel.
  • the high heat resistance of ceramic material for the inner body is combined with the gas tightness of steel sheet in an advantageous manner, so that a muffle results which is characterized by long durability and high gas tightness. Only a small wall thickness is required for the sheet steel jacket.
  • the muffle can be designed such that the shell surrounding the inner body is welded in a gas-tight manner.
  • the muffle can be designed such that the inner body is composed of pieces that follow one another in the axial direction. According to this proposal, muffle constructions of almost any length can be realized without further notice.
  • the muffle can be designed so that the inner body consists of one piece in its cross section. Such a structure of the muffle is particularly indicated when its width is relatively small.
  • the muffle can be designed such that the cross section of the inner body is composed of at least two pieces.
  • Such a design means that the inner body can be assembled from simple ceramic elements even with a relatively wide muffle, without the course and number of joints being able to impair the gas-tightness of the entire muffle.
  • the continuous furnace 1 shown in FIG. 1 has a heating chamber 2.
  • a muffle 3 is arranged in this heating chamber, which has a flat tubular cross section. It has a horizontal bottom surface 4, which is adjoined on both sides by substantially perpendicular upward side walls 5. These in turn are followed by slightly roof-shaped sloping ceiling walls 6.
  • the muffle 3 shown in Fig. 2 has an inner body 7, which consists of ceramic material.
  • This inner body is formed in its cross section from a bottom section 8 and two roof sections 9. Sections 8 and 9 abut one another, wherein a profile can be provided in the area of butt joints 10 and 11 in order to ensure reliable interlocking.
  • the inner body 7 is enclosed by a shell 8, which consists of sheet steel.
  • a shell 8 which consists of sheet steel.
  • the side edges of the sheet metal blank used to produce the casing 8, which run along the muffle, are connected to one another via a fold 12. In this area, the edges are welded together in order to create gas tightness.
  • the dashed line 13 is intended to indicate that the Sections 8 and 9 of the inner body 7 of the muffle 3 can also be composed of a plurality of pieces joined together in the longitudinal direction of the muffle, the denomination and the course of the separating joints being able to be selected according to the respective requirements.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Muffle Furnaces And Rotary Kilns (AREA)
  • Tunnel Furnaces (AREA)

Abstract

1. Muffle for furnaces geared to continuous or pusher type principles of operation for the heat treatement of materials under protective furnace gas with a stretched heat-resistant shell casing provided with an opening at one end at least, distinguished by the shell casing revealing an internal body (7) consisting of ceramic enclosed by sheet-metal sheathing (8).

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Muffel für im Durchlauf- oder Stoßverfahren arbeitende Öfen zur Wärmebehandlung von Materialien unter Schutzgas mit einem gestreckten, mindestens an einem Ende mit einer Öffnung versehenen hitzebeständigen Mantel.The invention relates to a muffle for furnaces operating in a continuous or impact process for the heat treatment of materials under protective gas with an elongated, heat-resistant jacket provided with an opening at least at one end.

Das unter Schutzgas einer Wärmebehandlung zu unterziehende Gut kann z. B. mittels eines Förderbandes kontinuierlich durch die Muffel hindurchbewegt werden. Hierfür ist dann selbstverständlich eine an beiden Enden offene Muffel erforderlich. Das Förderband liegt dabei auf dem Boden der Muffel auf, oder aber es wird von einer in der Muffel vorgesehenen Zwischenlage geführt. Muffeln können aber auch im Stoßbetrieb eingesetzt werden, wobei das zu behandelnde Gut von dem einen Ende her in Glühkästen aus Stahl oder Graphit oder auf keramischen Schubplatten in die Muffel eingebracht und nach der erforderlichen Behandlungszeit zum anderen Ende hin entnommen wird. Ebenfalls können diese Muffeln in Kammeröfen mit nur einer Öffnung eingesetzt werden.The material to be subjected to heat treatment under protective gas can e.g. B. be continuously moved through the muffle by means of a conveyor belt. Of course, a muffle open at both ends is required for this. The conveyor belt lies on the bottom of the muffle, or it is guided by an intermediate layer provided in the muffle. However, muffles can also be used in burst operation, the material to be treated being introduced into the muffle from one end in steel or graphite glow boxes or on ceramic pusher plates and removed to the other end after the required treatment time. These molds can also be used in chamber furnaces with only one opening.

Es sind bereits Muffeln bekannt, die aus hitzebeständigen Metallegierungen gegossen oder aus entsprechenden Blechen gefertigt sind. Da derartige Muffeln Temperaturen bis zu etwa 1150° C unterworfen werden, ist die Haltbarkeit derartiger Metallmuffeln begrenzt. Derartige Muffeln haben aber den Vorteil, daß sie mit Ausnahme der zum Einbringen bzw. zum Ausbringen des zu behandelnden Gutes erforderlichen Enden gasdicht ausgeführt werden können.Muffles are already known which are cast from heat-resistant metal alloys or made from corresponding metal sheets. Since such muffles are subjected to temperatures of up to approximately 1150 ° C., the durability of such metal muffles is limited. Such muffles have the advantage, however, that they can be made gas-tight with the exception of the ends required for introducing or discharging the material to be treated.

Es sind ferner Muffeln aus keramischem Material bekannt. Ein solches Material hält der auftretenden thermischen Beanspruchung weit besser stand als eine metallische Muffel. Nachteilig ist aber für eine Muffel aus keramischem Material, daß sie nicht gasdicht ausgeführt werden kann, insbesondere dann nicht, wenn sie z. B. aufgrund der erforderlichen Abmessungen aus mehreren Teilen zusammengesetzt werden muß, so daß quer zur Längsrichtung oder anderweitig verlaufende Fugen sich ergeben.Muffles made of ceramic material are also known. Such a material withstands the thermal stress that occurs much better than a metallic muffle. However, it is disadvantageous for a muffle made of ceramic material that it cannot be made gas-tight, in particular not if it is e.g. B. must be assembled from several parts due to the required dimensions, so that transverse to the longitudinal direction or other joints result.

Die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung besteht nun darin, eine Muffel der eingangs erwähnten Art zu schaffen, welche die vorteilhaften Merkmale der Metallmuffeln mit denen der aus keramischem Material bestehenden Muffeln kombiniert.The object of the present invention is to create a muffle of the type mentioned at the outset, which combines the advantageous features of the metal muffle with those of the muffle made of ceramic material.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe sieht die Erfindung vor, daß der Mantel einen aus keramischem Material bestehenden Innenkörper aufweist, der von einer Hülle aus Stahlblech umschlossen ist.To achieve this object, the invention provides that the jacket has an inner body made of ceramic material, which is enclosed by a shell made of sheet steel.

Bei dieser Muffel wird die hohe Hitzebeständigkeit von keramischem Material für den Innenkörper mit der Gasdichtigkeit von Stahlblech in vorteilhafter Weise verbunden, so daß sich eine Muffel ergibt, die sich durch lange Haltbarkeit und hohe Gasdichtigkeit auszeichnet. Für den Mantel aus Stahlblech wird nur eine geringe Wandstärke benötigt.With this muffle, the high heat resistance of ceramic material for the inner body is combined with the gas tightness of steel sheet in an advantageous manner, so that a muffle results which is characterized by long durability and high gas tightness. Only a small wall thickness is required for the sheet steel jacket.

Gemäß einem weiteren Vorschlag der Erfindung kann die Muffel so ausgebildet sein, daß die den Innenkörper umschließende Hülle gasdicht verschweißt ist.According to a further proposal of the invention, the muffle can be designed such that the shell surrounding the inner body is welded in a gas-tight manner.

Gemäß einem weiteren Vorschlag der Erfindung kann die Muffel so ausgebildet sein, daß der Innenkörper aus in axialer Richtung aufeinanderfolgenden Stücken zusammengesetzt ist. Gemäß diesem Vorschlag lassen sich ohne weiteres Muffelkonstruktionen nahezu beliebiger Länge realisieren.According to a further proposal of the invention, the muffle can be designed such that the inner body is composed of pieces that follow one another in the axial direction. According to this proposal, muffle constructions of almost any length can be realized without further notice.

Gemäß einem weiteren Vorschlag der Erfindung kann die Muffel so ausgebildet sein, daß der Innenkörper in seinem Querschnitt aus einem Stück besteht. Ein solcher Aufbau der Muffel ist insbesondere dann angezeigt, wenn deren Breite relativ gering ist.According to a further proposal of the invention, the muffle can be designed so that the inner body consists of one piece in its cross section. Such a structure of the muffle is particularly indicated when its width is relatively small.

Gemäß einem weiteren Vorschlag der Erfindung kann die Muffel so ausgebildet sein, daß der Innenkörper in seinem Querschnitt aus mindestens zwei Stücken zusammengesetzt ist. Eine solche Ausbildung führt dazu, daß der Innenkörper auch bei relativ breiter Muffel aus einfachen keramischen Elementen zusammengefügt werden kann, ohne daß Verlauf und Anzahl der Fugen die Gasdichtigkeit der gesamten Muffel beeinträchtigen könnten.According to a further proposal of the invention, the muffle can be designed such that the cross section of the inner body is composed of at least two pieces. Such a design means that the inner body can be assembled from simple ceramic elements even with a relatively wide muffle, without the course and number of joints being able to impair the gas-tightness of the entire muffle.

Im folgenden Teil der Beschreibung wird eine Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Muffel anhand von Zeichnungen beschrieben. Es zeigt

  • Fig. 1 eine perspektivische Ansicht eines Durchlaufofens mit einer Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Muffel und
  • Fig. 2 eine perspektivische Ansicht einer solchen Muffel.
In the following part of the description, an embodiment of the muffle according to the invention is described with reference to drawings. It shows
  • Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a continuous furnace with an embodiment of the muffle according to the invention and
  • Fig. 2 is a perspective view of such a muffle.

Der in Fig. 1 dargestellte Durchlaufofen 1 hat einen Heizraum 2. In diesem Heizraum ist eine Muffel 3 angeordnet, die einen flach rohrförmigen Querschnitt hat. Sie weist eine waagerechte Bodenfläche 4 auf, an die sich beiderseits im wesentlichen senkrecht nach oben stehende Seitenwände 5 anschließen. Diesen wiederum folgen leicht dachförmig aufeinanderzu geneigte Deckenwände 6.The continuous furnace 1 shown in FIG. 1 has a heating chamber 2. A muffle 3 is arranged in this heating chamber, which has a flat tubular cross section. It has a horizontal bottom surface 4, which is adjoined on both sides by substantially perpendicular upward side walls 5. These in turn are followed by slightly roof-shaped sloping ceiling walls 6.

Die in Fig. 2 dargestellte Muffel 3 hat einen Innenkörper 7, der aus keramischem Material besteht. Dieser Innenkörper ist in seinem Querschnitt aus einem Bodenabschnitt 8 und zwei Dachabschnitten 9 gebildet. Die Abschnitte 8 und 9 liegen aneinander an, wobei im Bereich der Stoßfugen 10 und 11 eine Profilierung vorgesehen sein kann, um ein zuverlässiges Ineinandergreifen zu sichern.The muffle 3 shown in Fig. 2 has an inner body 7, which consists of ceramic material. This inner body is formed in its cross section from a bottom section 8 and two roof sections 9. Sections 8 and 9 abut one another, wherein a profile can be provided in the area of butt joints 10 and 11 in order to ensure reliable interlocking.

Der Innenkörper 7 ist von einer Hülle 8 umschlossen, die aus Stahlblech besteht. Im dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel sind die längs der Muffel verlaufenden Seitenkanten des zur Herstellung der Hülle 8 verwendeten Blechzuschnitts über einen Falz 12 miteinander verbunden. In diesem Bereich sind die Kanten miteinander verschweißt, um auf diese Weise Gasdichtigkeit herzustellen.The inner body 7 is enclosed by a shell 8, which consists of sheet steel. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the side edges of the sheet metal blank used to produce the casing 8, which run along the muffle, are connected to one another via a fold 12. In this area, the edges are welded together in order to create gas tightness.

Die gestrichelte Linie 13 soll andeuten, daß die Abschnitte 8 und 9 des Innenkörpers 7 der Muffel 3 auch in Längsrichtung der Muffel aus mehreren aneinandergefügten Stücken zusammengesetzt sein können, wobei die Stückelung und der Verlauf der Trennfugen entsprechend den jeweiligen Anforderungen gewählt werden können.The dashed line 13 is intended to indicate that the Sections 8 and 9 of the inner body 7 of the muffle 3 can also be composed of a plurality of pieces joined together in the longitudinal direction of the muffle, the denomination and the course of the separating joints being able to be selected according to the respective requirements.

Claims (5)

1. Muffle for furnaces geared to continuous or pusher type principles of operation for the heat treatment of materials under protective furnace gas with a stretched heat-resistant shell casing provided with an opening at one end at least, distinguished by the shell casing revealing an internal body (7) consisting of ceramic enclosed by sheet-metal sheathing (8).
2. Muffle in accordance with claim 1, distinguished by the sheathing (8) that encloses the internal body (7) being given a gastight welding.
3. Muffle in accordance with claim 1 or 2, distinguished by the internal body (7) being composed of parts arranged in succession in axial direction.
4. Muffle in accordance with one of the claims 1 to 3, distinguished by the cross section of the internal body (7) consisting of one piece.
5. Muffle in accordance with claims 1 to 3, distinguished by the cross section of the internal body (7) consisting of at least two pieces (8,9).
EP83105009A 1982-05-27 1983-05-20 Muffle for a furnace in which the charge is moved continually or by jerks Expired EP0097252B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT83105009T ATE16849T1 (en) 1982-05-27 1983-05-20 MUFFLE FOR FURNACES WORKING IN CONTINUOUS OR PUSH PROCESSES.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3219909A DE3219909C2 (en) 1982-05-27 1982-05-27 Muffle for furnaces that work in a continuous or impact process
DE3219909 1982-05-27

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0097252A1 EP0097252A1 (en) 1984-01-04
EP0097252B1 true EP0097252B1 (en) 1985-12-04

Family

ID=6164604

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP83105009A Expired EP0097252B1 (en) 1982-05-27 1983-05-20 Muffle for a furnace in which the charge is moved continually or by jerks

Country Status (3)

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EP (1) EP0097252B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE16849T1 (en)
DE (1) DE3219909C2 (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1998052104A1 (en) * 1997-05-13 1998-11-19 Laboratoire Pont-Saint-Germain Method for stamping watch cases and resulting products

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1355189A (en) * 1963-04-17 1964-03-13 Philips Nv Oven
DE1261536B (en) * 1965-12-03 1968-02-22 Aichelin Fa J Process for purging and changing the atmosphere in retortless industrial furnaces containing a protective gas atmosphere
US3582054A (en) * 1969-06-04 1971-06-01 Btu Eng Corp Furnace muffle
US4032290A (en) * 1976-05-24 1977-06-28 Btu Engineering Corporation High temperature furnace muffle
GB2072313B (en) * 1980-03-26 1983-08-24 Fhd Furnaces Ltd Muffle furnace
GB2052030B (en) * 1980-04-28 1984-02-08 Gen Electric Construction of special atmosphere furnace

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE16849T1 (en) 1985-12-15
DE3219909C2 (en) 1986-04-03
EP0097252A1 (en) 1984-01-04
DE3219909A1 (en) 1983-12-08

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