EP0096449A1 - Device for high-voltage transmission between two parts rotatable relative to one another - Google Patents

Device for high-voltage transmission between two parts rotatable relative to one another Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0096449A1
EP0096449A1 EP83200822A EP83200822A EP0096449A1 EP 0096449 A1 EP0096449 A1 EP 0096449A1 EP 83200822 A EP83200822 A EP 83200822A EP 83200822 A EP83200822 A EP 83200822A EP 0096449 A1 EP0096449 A1 EP 0096449A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electrode
another
electrode arrangement
voltage
rotation
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EP83200822A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0096449B1 (en
Inventor
Friedrich-Karl Beckmann
Thomas Helzel
Horst Peemöller
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Philips Intellectual Property and Standards GmbH
Koninklijke Philips NV
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Philips Patentverwaltung GmbH
Philips Gloeilampenfabrieken NV
Koninklijke Philips Electronics NV
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01RELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R39/00Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
    • H01R39/64Devices for uninterrupted current collection
    • H01R39/643Devices for uninterrupted current collection through ball or roller bearing

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for high-voltage transmission between two parts which can be rotated relative to one another and each comprise an insulator body, at least one of which has an electrode arrangement which leads the high voltage and is concentric with the axis of rotation and which is in electrical connection with contact elements.
  • a device is required in particular for high-voltage transmission for computed tomography x-ray devices.
  • the rotating part carries an electrode track which is concentric with the axis of rotation and on which slide contact elements which are connected to the fixed part and connected to the high-voltage generator.
  • the rotor and the stator are provided with interlocking ribs concentric with the axis of rotation.
  • the field distribution in the region of the electrode track is very inhomogeneous, the maximum occurring directly on the surface of the electrode track, which is at least partially in contact with air. As a result, the air can be ionized, which in turn can damage the insulator bodies.
  • the object of the present invention is to design an arrangement of the type mentioned at the outset such that the field distribution in the space between the rotor and the stator is more homogeneous and the field strength is reduced there.
  • this object is achieved according to the invention in that an electrode arrangement which surrounds the axis of rotation and is concentric with it is also provided on the other insulator body. There is a homo between the two concentric electrode arrangements and in their surroundings field distribution because both have the same potential in operation.
  • the electrode arrangements could be flat and lie in parallel planes.
  • the electrical field strength in the area lying between the two electrodes is significantly reduced by the fact that the outer cross section of at least one of the two electrode arrangements corresponds to a U open to the other electrode arrangement, the legs of which end at a short distance from the other electrode arrangement, so that the mutually facing surfaces of the two electrodes define an annular cavity.
  • the two electrode arrangements form a Faraday cage for the annular cavity located between them, which is thus largely free of electrical fields.
  • the contact elements used in this cavity can therefore have any shape. The function of the device is practically not endangered by the abrasion of the contact elements.
  • the electric field strength can also be relatively large on the outer surface of the electrode arrangement, the electrode arrangement is embedded in the insulator body in this area, the dielectric strength of which is considerably higher than that of air.
  • the cross section of the insulator bodies on both sides of the legs has sections parallel to the line of symmetry between the electrode arrangements, which pass into beveled sections on which the distance from the other insulator body is greater than on the end face. This configuration reduces the field strength in the cavity between the two insulator bodies to such an extent that ionization of the air cannot occur.
  • the device for high-voltage transmission has the shape of a closed ring, which consists of two mutually rotatable annular parts 1 and 2, which are arranged concentrically to the axis of rotation 3.
  • the annular part 2 is enclosed by the annular part 1.
  • Part 1 can be the stator and part 2 the rotor; however, the functions can also be interchanged.
  • both parts 1 and 2 each comprise an insulator body 11 or 21 which - with the exception of the surface facing the other part - is surrounded on all sides by an earthed metal housing 12 or 22.
  • the cross section of the annular insulating body has on the non-metal surface on the outside sections 13 and 23, which run vertically and in parallel, and central sections 14 and 24, which also run vertically and in parallel, but are at a much smaller distance from one another than the sections 13 and 23. Between the sections 13 and 14 or 23 and 24 run sections 15 and 25 with an inclination angle of the order of 21 °.
  • Annular electrode arrangements with an approximately U-shaped cross section are embedded in the two insulator bodies 11 and 21 in the region of the sections 14 and 24.
  • Each of the two electrode arrangements consists of a metallic shield 16, 26 which defines the outer contours of the electrode arrangement and has a U-shaped cross section and one ring each shaped electrode track 17 or 27, via which the essential part of the current flows between the two rotatable parts in the operating state.
  • the electrode tracks 17 and 27 are connected to a high-voltage generator or a high-voltage consumer via high-voltage lines (not shown in more detail) which are passed through the insulator body 12 or 22 (the grounded shield 12 or 22 must be interrupted in this area). an X-ray tube, for example).
  • a roller 4 is provided as the contact element, which runs on the electrode tracks 17 and 27 and makes electrical contact between the two tracks.
  • the cross sections are symmetrical; the line of symmetry is designated 5.
  • the U-shaped cross sections of the shields 16 and 26 of the two electrode arrangements are open to one another and their legs end at a small distance, e.g. 1-2 mm, from each other.
  • transmission elements of any shape can be used for high-voltage transmission, i.a. also contact brushes (in this case one of the two electrode tracks can be omitted because the contact brush is connected directly to the associated high-voltage line).
  • the abrasion occurring on the contact element 4 or on the electrode arrangements during operation is practically enclosed in the space between the two electrode arrangements. Since the electrical field there is very low, it does not impair the high-voltage strength of the device.
  • the highest field strengths occur in the area of the edges of the electrode arrangements, in which the vertical surfaces of the electrode arrangement meet with their horizontal surfaces.
  • the high field strengths arise only on the outer surfaces, which are on all sides of the insulator body, which can consist, for example, of epoxy resin, are surrounded and which has a significantly higher dielectric strength than air.
  • these field strengths could be reduced if the two shields 16 and 26 of the electrode arrangements had a semicircular cross section, this is not necessary because the dielectric strength of the insulator body material is sufficiently high.
  • the insulator body is also already by the shaping 11 and 21 (closely spaced 5 mm long parallel portions 14 and 24 mm with a distance of about 1, chamfered portions 15, 25 with an inclination angle of about 2 1 0) when operating at a high voltage of 100 kV achieves such a potential distribution that the electric field strength in the air space between the insulator bodies no place is sufficient to ionize the air.
  • the electric field strength in the air space between the insulators decreases towards the outside, ie upwards and downwards in FIG. 2, and disappears virtually completely at the regions of the high-voltage transmission device which are accessible from the outside.
  • a high-voltage consumer is not connected to ground on one side, but is operated between positive and negative high-voltage potential.
  • Two high-voltage transmission devices of the type shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 are required for the transmission of two high-voltage potentials. With respect to the axis of rotation 3 (cf. FIG. 1), these can either be arranged next to one another (one above the other in FIG. 2) or concentrically to one another (ie next to one another in FIG. 2).
  • at least two different negative high-voltage potentials must be transmitted so that a current can be generated in the cathode filament of the X-ray tube.
  • the axis of rotation of the arrangement shown in Fig. 2 is vertical and at a distance from the high-voltage transmission device.
  • One ring-shaped electrode arrangement (for example 26, 27) is then enclosed by the other electrode arrangement 16, 17.
  • the device described if the parts 1, 2 about a horizontal axis of rotation be rotated above or below the device.
  • the electrode arrangements are then arranged parallel to one another with respect to the axis of rotation.
  • the structure shown in FIG. 2 would have to be changed such that one of the two grounded shields 12 or 22 concentrically surrounds the other.
  • the axis of rotation can assume any inclination in the plane of the drawing relative to the cross section shown in FIG. 2, a modification of the shape of the grounded shields 12 or 22 being necessary at most.

Abstract

Hochspannungsübertragungseinrichtung mit zwei relativ zueinander drehbaren Isolatorkörpern (1, 2), in die je eine die Drehachse horizontal umschließende Elektrodenanordnung (16, 26) eingebettet ist. Die beiden Elektrodenanordnungen (16, 26) bilden zusammen eine Art Faraday-Käfig, wodurch das Feld zwischen den beiden Elektrodenanordnungen und in ihrer Umgebung korrigiert und herabgesetzt wird.High-voltage transmission device with two insulator bodies (1, 2) which can be rotated relative to one another and in each of which an electrode arrangement (16, 26) horizontally surrounding the axis of rotation is embedded. The two electrode arrangements (16, 26) together form a kind of Faraday cage, as a result of which the field between the two electrode arrangements and in their surroundings is corrected and reduced.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Einrichtung zur Hochspannungsübertragung zwischen zwei relativ zueinander drehbaren Teilen, die je einen Isolatorkörper umfassen, von denen wenigstens einer eine die Hochspannung führende zur Drehachse konzentrische Elektrodenanordnung aufweist, die mit Kontaktelementen in elektrischer Verbindung steht. Eine derartige Einrichtung ist insbesondere zur Hochspannungsübertragung für Computertomographie-Röntgengeräte erforderlich.The invention relates to a device for high-voltage transmission between two parts which can be rotated relative to one another and each comprise an insulator body, at least one of which has an electrode arrangement which leads the high voltage and is concentric with the axis of rotation and which is in electrical connection with contact elements. Such a device is required in particular for high-voltage transmission for computed tomography x-ray devices.

Bei einer aus der DE-OS 30 10 819 bekannten Einrichtung der eingangs genannten Art trägt der rotierende Teil eine zur Drehachse konzentrische Elektrodenbahn, auf der Kontaktelemente gleiten, die mit dem feststehenden Teil verbunden und an den Hochspannungserzeuger angeschlossen sind. Zur Vergrößerung des Kriechweges zwischen einer Elektrodenanordnung und Masse bzw. zwischen unterschiedliches Hochspannungspotential führenden Elektrodenanordnungen sind cer Rotor und der Stator mit ineinandergreifenden, zur Drehachse konzentrischen Rippen versehen.In a device of the type mentioned at the outset of DE-OS 30 10 819, the rotating part carries an electrode track which is concentric with the axis of rotation and on which slide contact elements which are connected to the fixed part and connected to the high-voltage generator. To increase the creepage distance between an electrode arrangement and ground or between different electrode arrangements carrying high voltage potential, the rotor and the stator are provided with interlocking ribs concentric with the axis of rotation.

Die Feldverteilung im Bereich der Elektrodenbahn ist stark inhomogen, wobei das Maximum unmittelbar an der Oberfläche der Elektrodenbahn auftritt, die zumindest teilweise mit Luft in Berührung steht. Dadurch kann die Luft ionisiert werden, was wiederum eine Beschädigung der Isolatorkörper zur Folge haben kann.The field distribution in the region of the electrode track is very inhomogeneous, the maximum occurring directly on the surface of the electrode track, which is at least partially in contact with air. As a result, the air can be ionized, which in turn can damage the insulator bodies.

Eine weitere Anordnung der eingangs genannten Art ist aus der DE-OS 30 34 717 bekannt. Dabei ist der Zwischenraum zwischen dem Rotor und dem Stator mit einer elektrisch isolierenden Flüssigkeit, z.B. 01, gefüllt, das eine wesentlich höhere Durchschlagsfestigkeit aufweist als Luft. Allerdings sind zwischen den beiden relativ zueinander rotierenden Teilen Dichtungen erforderlich, die ein Auslaufen der Flüssigkeit verhindern.Another arrangement of the type mentioned is known from DE-OS 30 34 717. The space between the rotor and the stator is electrical insulating liquid, eg 01, filled, which has a much higher dielectric strength than air. However, seals are required between the two parts rotating relative to one another to prevent the liquid from escaping.

Eine ähnliche Anordnung ist aus der europäischen Patentanmeldung 39.994 bekannt, doch ist der Zwischenraum zwischen Rotor und Stator mit einem Gas gefüllt, das eine wesentlich höhere Durchschlagsfeldstärke hat als Luft, z.B. Schwefelhexafluorid oder "Freon". Die als Kontaktbürsten ausgebildeten Kontaktelemente sind dabei von einer Abschirmung umgeben, die die Feldstärke im Bereich der Kontaktbürste verringern soll.A similar arrangement is known from European patent application 39.994, but the space between the rotor and stator is filled with a gas which has a significantly higher breakdown field strength than air, e.g. Sulfur hexafluoride or "freon". The contact elements designed as contact brushes are surrounded by a shield which is intended to reduce the field strength in the area of the contact brush.

Allen bekannten Anordnungen ist eine stark inhomogene Feldverteilung im Bereich der Elektrodenbahn gemeinsam mit einem Maximum der Feldstärke an der Elektrodenoberfläche. Die Kontaktelemente müssen dabei so geformt sein, daß die Feldstärke nicht zu hoch wird. Der sich beim Schleifen der Kontaktelemente auf der Elektrodenbahn ergebende Abrieb verschmutzt die Isolatoroberflächr in unmittelbarer Nähe der Elektrodenbahn oder die Elektrodenbahn selbst, wodurch die Spannungsfestigkeit der Anordnung herabgesetzt wird.All known arrangements have a strongly inhomogeneous field distribution in the region of the electrode track together with a maximum of the field strength on the electrode surface. The contact elements must be shaped so that the field strength does not become too high. The abrasion resulting from the grinding of the contact elements on the electrode track contaminates the insulator surface in the immediate vicinity of the electrode track or the electrode track itself, thereby reducing the dielectric strength of the arrangement.

Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, eine Anordnung der eingangs genannten Art so auszugestalten, daß die Feldverteilung in dem Raum zwischen dem Rotor und dem Stator homogener und die Feldstärke dort herabgesetzt wird.The object of the present invention is to design an arrangement of the type mentioned at the outset such that the field distribution in the space between the rotor and the stator is more homogeneous and the field strength is reduced there.

Ausgehend von einer Anordnung der eingangs genannten Art wird diese Aufgabe erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß auch an dem anderen Isolatorkörper eine die Drehachse umschließende und dazu konzentrische Elektrodenanordnung vorgesehen ist. Zwischen den beiden konzentrischen Elektrodenanordnungen und in ihrer Umgebung ergibt sich dabei eine homogenere Feldverteilung, weil beide im Betrieb das gleiche Potential führen.Starting from an arrangement of the type mentioned at the outset, this object is achieved according to the invention in that an electrode arrangement which surrounds the axis of rotation and is concentric with it is also provided on the other insulator body. There is a homo between the two concentric electrode arrangements and in their surroundings field distribution because both have the same potential in operation.

Grundsätzlich könnten die Elektrodenanordnungen eben sein und in parallelen Ebenen liegen. Eine wesentliche Herabsetzung der elektrischen Feldstärke in dem zwischen den beiden Elektroden liegenden Bereich ergibt sich jedoch nach einer Weiterbildung dadurch, daß der Außenquerschnitt zumindest einer der beiden Elektrodenanordnungen einem zur anderen Elektrodenanordnung hin offenen U entspricht, dessen Schenkel im geringen Abstand von der anderen Elektrodenanordnung enden, so daß die einander zugewandten Flächen der beiden Elektroden einen ringförmigen Hohlraum begrenzen. Die beiden Elektrodenanordnungen bilden einen Faraday-Käfig für den dazwischen liegenden ringförmigen Hohlraum, der somit weitgehend frei von elektrischen Feldern ist. Die in diesem Hohlraum benutzten Kontaktelemente können daher beliebig geformt sein. Durch den Abrieb der Kontaktelemente wird die Funktion der Einrichtung praktisch nicht gefährdet. Die elektrische Feldstärke kann zwar auch dabei an der Außenfläche der Elektrodenanordnun relativ groß sein, doch ist die Elektrodenanordnung in diesem Bereich in den Isolatorkörper eingebettet, dessen Durchschlagsfestigkeit wesentlich höher ist als die von Luft.In principle, the electrode arrangements could be flat and lie in parallel planes. According to a further development, the electrical field strength in the area lying between the two electrodes is significantly reduced by the fact that the outer cross section of at least one of the two electrode arrangements corresponds to a U open to the other electrode arrangement, the legs of which end at a short distance from the other electrode arrangement, so that the mutually facing surfaces of the two electrodes define an annular cavity. The two electrode arrangements form a Faraday cage for the annular cavity located between them, which is thus largely free of electrical fields. The contact elements used in this cavity can therefore have any shape. The function of the device is practically not endangered by the abrasion of the contact elements. Although the electric field strength can also be relatively large on the outer surface of the electrode arrangement, the electrode arrangement is embedded in the insulator body in this area, the dielectric strength of which is considerably higher than that of air.

In weiterer Ausgestaltung dieser bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist vorgesehen, daß der Querschnitt der Isolatorkörper beiderseits der Schenkel zur Symmetrielinie zwischen den Elektrodenanordnungen parallele Abschnitte aufweist, die in abgeschrägte Abschnitte übergehen, auf denen der Abstand zum jeweils anderen Isolatorkörper größer ist als auf der Stirnfläche. Durch diese Ausgestaltung wird die Feldstärke in dem Hohlraum zwischen den beiden Isolatorkörpern so weit herabgesetzt, daß eine Ionisierung der Luft nicht auftreten kann.In a further embodiment of this preferred embodiment it is provided that the cross section of the insulator bodies on both sides of the legs has sections parallel to the line of symmetry between the electrode arrangements, which pass into beveled sections on which the distance from the other insulator body is greater than on the end face. This configuration reduces the field strength in the cavity between the two insulator bodies to such an extent that ionization of the air cannot occur.

Die Erfindung wird nachstehend anhand der Zeichnungen näher beschrieben. Es zeigen

  • Fig. 1 einen aufgeschnittenen Teil einer erfindungsgemäßen Einrichtung,
  • Fig. 2 einen Querschnitt durch einen solche Einrichtung.
The invention is described below with reference to the drawings. Show it
  • 1 shows a cut-away part of a device according to the invention,
  • Fig. 2 shows a cross section through such a device.

Die Einrichtung zur Hochspannungsübertragung hat die Form eines geschlossenen Ringes, der aus zwei zueinander drehbaren ringförmigen Teilen 1 und 2 besteht, die konzentrisch zu der Rotationsachse 3 angeordnet sind. Der ringförmige Teil 2 wird von dem ringförmigen Teil 1 umschlossen. Der Teil 1 kann dabei der Stator und der Teil 2 der Rotor sein; die Funktionen können aber auch genausogut vertauscht sein.The device for high-voltage transmission has the shape of a closed ring, which consists of two mutually rotatable annular parts 1 and 2, which are arranged concentrically to the axis of rotation 3. The annular part 2 is enclosed by the annular part 1. Part 1 can be the stator and part 2 the rotor; however, the functions can also be interchanged.

Wie sich insbesondere aus Fig. 2 ergibt, umfassen beide Teile 1 und 2 je einen Isolatorkörper 11 bzw. 21, der - mit Ausnahme der dem anderen Teil zugewandten Oberfläche - allseitig von einem geerdeten Metallgehäuse 12 bzw. 22 umgeben ist. Der Querschnitt der ringförmigen Isolierkörper weist an der nicht mit Metall versehenen Oberfläche außen Abschnitte 13 bzw. 23 auf, die vertikal und parallel verlaufen, sowie zentrale Abschnitte 14 bzw. 24, die ebenfalls vertikal und parallel verlaufen, jedoch einen wesentlich geringeren Abstand voneinander haben als die Abscnnitte 13 und 23. Zwischen den Abschnitten 13 und 14 bzw. 23 und 24 verlaufen mit einem Neigungswinkel in der Größenordnung von 21° abgeschrägte Abschnitte 15 bzw. 25.As can be seen in particular from FIG. 2, both parts 1 and 2 each comprise an insulator body 11 or 21 which - with the exception of the surface facing the other part - is surrounded on all sides by an earthed metal housing 12 or 22. The cross section of the annular insulating body has on the non-metal surface on the outside sections 13 and 23, which run vertically and in parallel, and central sections 14 and 24, which also run vertically and in parallel, but are at a much smaller distance from one another than the sections 13 and 23. Between the sections 13 and 14 or 23 and 24 run sections 15 and 25 with an inclination angle of the order of 21 °.

In die beiden Isolatorkörper 11 bzw. 21 sind im Bereich der Abschnitte 14 bzw. 24 ringförmige Elektrodenanordnungen mit etwa U-förmiem Querschnitt eingebettet. Jede der beiden Elektrodenanordnungen besteht aus einer die äußeren Konturen der Elektrodenanordnung bestimmenden metallischen Abschirmung 16, 26 mit U-förmigem Querschnitt und je einer ringförmigen Elektrodenbahn 17 bzw. 27, über die im Betriebszustand der wesentliche Teil des Stromes zwischen den beiden drehbaren Teilen fließt. Zu diesem Zweck sind die Elektrodenbahnen 17 bzw. 27 über nicht näher dargestellte Hochspannungsleitungen, die durch den Isolatorkörper 12 bzw. 22 hindurchgeführt sind (die geerdete Abschirmung 12 bzw. 22 muß in diesem Bereich unterbrochen sein), mit einem Hochspannungserzeuger bzw. einem Hochspannungsverbraucher (z.B. einer Röntgenröhre) verbunden. Zur Hochspannungsübertragung ist als Kontaktelement eine Rolle 4 vorgesehen, die auf den Elektrodenbahnen 17 und 27 läuft und einen elektrischen Kontakt zwischen den beiden Bahnen herstellt. Sieht man einmal von dem Kontaktelement sowie von der Form des Isolatorkörpers im Außenbereich ab, sind die Querschnitte symmetrisch; die Symmetrielinie ist mit 5 bezeichnet.Annular electrode arrangements with an approximately U-shaped cross section are embedded in the two insulator bodies 11 and 21 in the region of the sections 14 and 24. Each of the two electrode arrangements consists of a metallic shield 16, 26 which defines the outer contours of the electrode arrangement and has a U-shaped cross section and one ring each shaped electrode track 17 or 27, via which the essential part of the current flows between the two rotatable parts in the operating state. For this purpose, the electrode tracks 17 and 27 are connected to a high-voltage generator or a high-voltage consumer via high-voltage lines (not shown in more detail) which are passed through the insulator body 12 or 22 (the grounded shield 12 or 22 must be interrupted in this area). an X-ray tube, for example). For the high-voltage transmission, a roller 4 is provided as the contact element, which runs on the electrode tracks 17 and 27 and makes electrical contact between the two tracks. Apart from the contact element and the shape of the insulator body in the outer area, the cross sections are symmetrical; the line of symmetry is designated 5.

Die U-förmigen Querschnitte der Abschirmungen 16 und 26 der beiden Elektrodenanordnungen sind zueinander geöffnet und ihre Schenkel enden in geringem Abstand, z.B. 1-2 mm, voneinander. Die Abschirmungen 16 und 26, die das gleiche Potential führen, das mit dem Potential der Elektrodenbahnen identisch ist, bilden daher einen Faraday-Käfig, dessen Inneres weitgehend von elektrischen Feldern frei ist; lediglich im Bereich der Trennfuge ergeben sich relativ kleine elektrische Feldstärken. Infolgedessen können zur Hochspanr-ungsübertragung beliebig geformte Obertragungselemente benutzt werden, u.a. auch Kontaktbürsten (in diesem Fall kann eine der beiden Elektrodenbahnen entfallen, weil die Kontaktbürste direkt mit der zugehörigen Hochspannungsleitung verbunden ist). Der während des Betriebes auftretende Abrieb an dem Kontaktelement 4 bzw. an den Elektrodenanordnungen ist praktisch in dem Raum zwischen den beiden Elektrodenanordnungen eingeschlossen. Da dort das elektrische Feld sehr gering ist, beeinträchtigt er die Hochspannungsfestigkeit der Einrichtung nicht.The U-shaped cross sections of the shields 16 and 26 of the two electrode arrangements are open to one another and their legs end at a small distance, e.g. 1-2 mm, from each other. The shields 16 and 26, which carry the same potential that is identical to the potential of the electrode tracks, therefore form a Faraday cage, the interior of which is largely free of electric fields; only in the area of the parting line do relatively small electrical field strengths arise. As a result, transmission elements of any shape can be used for high-voltage transmission, i.a. also contact brushes (in this case one of the two electrode tracks can be omitted because the contact brush is connected directly to the associated high-voltage line). The abrasion occurring on the contact element 4 or on the electrode arrangements during operation is practically enclosed in the space between the two electrode arrangements. Since the electrical field there is very low, it does not impair the high-voltage strength of the device.

Die höchsten Feldstärken treten im Bereich der Kanten der Elektrodenanordnungen auf, in dem die vertikalen Flächen der Elektrodenanordnung mit ihren horizontalen Flächen zusammentreffen.. Die hohen Feldstärken ergeben sich allerdings nur an den Außenflächen, die allseits von dem Isolatorkörper, der beispielsweise aus Epoxidharz bestehen kann, umgeben sind und der eine wesentlich höhere Durchschlagsfestigkeit aufweist als Luft. Diese Feldstärken könnten zwar verringert werden, wenn die beiden Abschirmungen 16 und 26 der Elektrodenanordnungen einen halbkreisförmigen Querschnitt hätten, doch ist dies nicht erforderlich, weil die Durchschlagsfestigkeit des Isolatorkörpermaterials genügend groß ist.The highest field strengths occur in the area of the edges of the electrode arrangements, in which the vertical surfaces of the electrode arrangement meet with their horizontal surfaces. The high field strengths, however, arise only on the outer surfaces, which are on all sides of the insulator body, which can consist, for example, of epoxy resin, are surrounded and which has a significantly higher dielectric strength than air. Although these field strengths could be reduced if the two shields 16 and 26 of the electrode arrangements had a semicircular cross section, this is not necessary because the dielectric strength of the insulator body material is sufficiently high.

Günstiger ist es sogar, wenn die vertikalen Flächen der Abschirmungen 16 bzw. 26 vergrößert werden - bei unveränderten Abmessungen im Bereich der Fuge zwischen den beiden Elektrodenanordnungen, so daß die U-Form des Querschnitts der Elektrodenanordnungen im Bereich ihrer Basislinie eine wulstartige Verbreiterung mit zweckmäßigerweise verrundeten Ecken aufweist. Die elektrische Feldstärke im Isolator ist bei dieser Ausführung noch größer als bei der in Fig. 2 dargestellten Elektrodenanordnung, jedoch wird die Potentialverteilung so geändert, daß die elektrische Feldstärke in der Fuge zwischen den Isolatorkörpern außerhalb des durch die Elektrodenanordnungen gebildeten Käfigs abnimmt.It is even cheaper if the vertical areas of the shields 16 and 26 are enlarged - with unchanged dimensions in the area of the joint between the two electrode arrangements, so that the U-shape of the cross section of the electrode arrangements in the region of their base line expediently rounds a bead-like widening Has corners. The electrical field strength in the insulator is even greater in this embodiment than in the electrode arrangement shown in FIG. 2, but the potential distribution is changed so that the electrical field strength in the joint between the insulator bodies outside the cage formed by the electrode arrangements decreases.

Jedoch wird auch schon durch die Formgebung der Isolatorkörper 11 bzw. 21 (dicht benachbarte 5 mm lange parallele Abschnitte 14 und 24 mit einem Abstand von ca. 1 mm; abgeschrägte Abschnitte 15, 25 mit einem Neigungswinkel von etwa 210) im Betrieb bei einer Hochspannung von 100 kV eine solche Potentialverteilung erreicht, daß die elektrische Feldstärke im Luftraum zwischen den Isolatorkörpern an keiner Stelle zur Ionisierung der Luft ausreicht. Die elektrische Feldstärke in dem Luftraum zwischen den Isolatoren nimmt nach außen, d.h. in Fig. 2 nach oben und unten, Hin ab und verschwindet an den von außen zugänglichen Bereichen der Hochspannungsübertragungseinrichtung praktisch vollständig.However, the insulator body is also already by the shaping 11 and 21 (closely spaced 5 mm long parallel portions 14 and 24 mm with a distance of about 1, chamfered portions 15, 25 with an inclination angle of about 2 1 0) when operating at a high voltage of 100 kV achieves such a potential distribution that the electric field strength in the air space between the insulator bodies no place is sufficient to ionize the air. The electric field strength in the air space between the insulators decreases towards the outside, ie upwards and downwards in FIG. 2, and disappears virtually completely at the regions of the high-voltage transmission device which are accessible from the outside.

In der Regel wird ein Hochspannungsverbraucher nicht einseitig an Masse angeschlossen, sondern zwischen positivem und negativem Hochspannungspotential betrieben. Zur übertragung zweier Hochspannungspotentiale sind zwei Hochspannungsübertragungseinrichtungen der in Fig. 1 bzw. Fig. 2 dargestellten Art erforderlich. Diese können in bezug auf die Drehachse 3 (vgl. Fig. 1) entweder nebeneinander (in Fig. 2 übereinander) oder konzentrisch zueinander (d.h. in Fig. 2 nebeneinander) angeordnet sein. Bei der Speisung einer Röntgenröhre müssen wenigstens zwei verschiedene negative Hochspannungspotentiale übertragen werden, damit in dem Kathodenheizfaden der Röntgenröhre ein Strom erzeugt werden kann. Da die Kathodenpotentiale dabei nur sehr geringfügig voneinander abweichen, genügt zur Übertragung der unterschiedlichen Kathodenpotentiale eine einzige Ein=ichtung nach Fig. 2, wenn innerhalb der Abschirmung 16 bzw- 26, deren Abmessungen in vertikaler Richtung dann entsprechend vergrößert werden müssen, mehrere Elektrodenbahnen in vertikaler Richtung gegeneinander versetzt und gegeneinander elektrisch isoliert angeordnet werden.As a rule, a high-voltage consumer is not connected to ground on one side, but is operated between positive and negative high-voltage potential. Two high-voltage transmission devices of the type shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 are required for the transmission of two high-voltage potentials. With respect to the axis of rotation 3 (cf. FIG. 1), these can either be arranged next to one another (one above the other in FIG. 2) or concentrically to one another (ie next to one another in FIG. 2). When an X-ray tube is fed, at least two different negative high-voltage potentials must be transmitted so that a current can be generated in the cathode filament of the X-ray tube. Since the cathode potentials thereby only very slightly different from each other, it is sufficient for transmission of the different cathode potentials a single A = ichtung of Figure 2 when or within the shield. 16 - 26, the dimensions of which must then be increased correspondingly in the vertical direction, a plurality of electrode tracks in the vertical Direction offset from each other and electrically insulated from each other.

Aus Fig. 1 ergibt sich, daß die Drehachse der in Fig. 2 dargestellten Anordnung vertikal und im Abstand von der Hochspannungsübertragungseinrichtung verläuft. Die eine ringförmige Elektrodenanordnung (z.B. 26, 27) wird dann von der anderen Elektrodenanordnung 16, 17 umschlossen. Es ist jedoch auch möglich, die beschriebene Einrichtung zu benutzen, wenn die Teile 1, 2 um eine horizontale Drehachse oberhalb bzw. unterhalb der Einrichtung gedreht werden. Die Elektrodenanordnungen sind dann in bezug auf die Drehachse parallel nebeneinander angeordnet. In diesem Fall müßte der in Fig. 2 dargestellte Aufbau derart geändert werden, daß eine der beiden geerdeten Abschirmungen 12 oder 22 die andere konzentrisch umschließt. - Ganz allgemein kann die Drehachse relativ zu dem in Fig. 2 dargestellten Querschnitt jede beliebige Neigung in der Zeichenebene annehmen, wobei allenfalls eine Modifikation der Form der geerdeten Abschirmungen 12 bzw. 22 erforderlich wird.From Fig. 1 it follows that the axis of rotation of the arrangement shown in Fig. 2 is vertical and at a distance from the high-voltage transmission device. One ring-shaped electrode arrangement (for example 26, 27) is then enclosed by the other electrode arrangement 16, 17. However, it is also possible to use the device described if the parts 1, 2 about a horizontal axis of rotation be rotated above or below the device. The electrode arrangements are then arranged parallel to one another with respect to the axis of rotation. In this case, the structure shown in FIG. 2 would have to be changed such that one of the two grounded shields 12 or 22 concentrically surrounds the other. In general, the axis of rotation can assume any inclination in the plane of the drawing relative to the cross section shown in FIG. 2, a modification of the shape of the grounded shields 12 or 22 being necessary at most.

Claims (3)

1. Einrichtung zur Hochspannungsübertragung zwischen zwei relativ zueinander drehbaren Teilen, die je einen Isolatorkörper umfassen, von denen wenigstens einer eine die Hochspannung führende, zur Drehachse konzentrische Elektrodenanordnung aufweist, die mit Kontaktelementen in elektrischer Verbindung steht,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß auch an dem anderen Isolatorkörper (21) eine die Drehachse (3) umschließende und dazu konzentrische Elektrodenanordnung (27, 26) vorgesehen ist.
1. Device for high-voltage transmission between two parts which can be rotated relative to one another and each comprise an insulator body, at least one of which has an electrode arrangement which leads to the high voltage and is concentric with the axis of rotation and which is in electrical connection with contact elements.
characterized in that an electrode arrangement (27, 26) which surrounds the axis of rotation (3) and is concentric therewith is also provided on the other insulator body (21).
2. Einrichtung nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Außenquerschnitt zumindest einer der beiden Elektrodenanordnungen (16, 17; 26, 27) einem zur anderen Elektrodenanordnung hin offenen U entspricht, dessen Schenkel im geringen Abstand von der anderen Elektrodenanordnung enden, so daß die einander zugewandten Flächen der beiden Elektroden einen ringförmigen Hohlraum begrenzen.
2. Device according to claim 1,
characterized in that the outer cross section of at least one of the two electrode arrangements (16, 17; 26, 27) corresponds to a U open to the other electrode arrangement, the legs of which end at a short distance from the other electrode arrangement, so that the mutually facing surfaces of the two electrodes unite limit annular cavity.
3. Einrichtung nach Anspruch 2 mit symmetrisch geformten Elektrodenanordnungen,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Querschnitt der Isolatorkörper (11, 21) beiderseits der Schenkel zur Symmetrielinie (5) zwischen den Elektrodenanordnungen parallele Abschnitte (14, 24) aufweist, die in abgeschrägte Abschnitte (15, 25) übergehen, auf denen der Abstand zum jeweils anderen Isolatorkörper (21 bzw. 11) größer ist als auf der Stirnfläche (14, 24).
3. Device according to claim 2 with symmetrically shaped electrode arrangements,
characterized in that the cross section of the insulator bodies (11, 21) on both sides of the legs to the line of symmetry (5) between the electrode arrangements has parallel sections (14, 24) which merge into beveled sections (15, 25) on which the distance to each other insulator body (21 or 11) is larger than on the end face (14, 24).
EP83200822A 1982-06-09 1983-06-07 Device for high-voltage transmission between two parts rotatable relative to one another Expired EP0096449B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19823221791 DE3221791A1 (en) 1982-06-09 1982-06-09 DEVICE FOR HIGH-VOLTAGE TRANSMISSION BETWEEN TWO RELATIVELY REVOLVABLE PARTS
DE3221791 1982-06-09

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EP0096449A1 true EP0096449A1 (en) 1983-12-21
EP0096449B1 EP0096449B1 (en) 1985-09-11

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EP (1) EP0096449B1 (en)
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US4975062A (en) * 1989-05-19 1990-12-04 Motorola, Inc. Hermaphroditic connector
US9368272B2 (en) 2003-02-26 2016-06-14 Analogic Corporation Shielded power coupling device
US8350655B2 (en) * 2003-02-26 2013-01-08 Analogic Corporation Shielded power coupling device
US9490063B2 (en) 2003-02-26 2016-11-08 Analogic Corporation Shielded power coupling device
US7868723B2 (en) * 2003-02-26 2011-01-11 Analogic Corporation Power coupling device
DE102006009227A1 (en) * 2006-02-28 2007-09-06 Siemens Ag Computer tomograph with stationary part and rotary part, has device which is formed as electrically conductive transmission element and is arranged between stationary part and rotary part
CN112987076B (en) * 2021-02-07 2022-08-16 中国科学院近代物理研究所 Stream intensity detection system for weak beam current

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FR2157179A5 (en) * 1971-10-20 1973-06-01 Egic
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US2667578A (en) * 1950-01-31 1954-01-26 Hughes Tool Co Swivel joint for coaxial transmission lines
DE1263132B (en) * 1967-05-22 1968-03-14 Licentia Gmbh Sliding contact for the joint connection of two conductors, especially for scissor disconnectors
FR2157179A5 (en) * 1971-10-20 1973-06-01 Egic
DE2417346B2 (en) * 1973-04-09 1980-06-04 Joseph Douglas Countryside Ill. Kinnear (V.St.A.) Cable end for connection in an electrical rotary joint
EP0039994A1 (en) * 1980-05-12 1981-11-18 Litton Systems, Inc. A high voltage slip ring assembly

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3221791A1 (en) 1983-12-15
EP0096449B1 (en) 1985-09-11
DE3360785D1 (en) 1985-10-17
JPH0318316B2 (en) 1991-03-12
US4496202A (en) 1985-01-29
JPS5912584A (en) 1984-01-23

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