EP0093759B1 - Engin de prelevement selectif d'une couche de liquide leger a la surface d'une nappe d'eau - Google Patents

Engin de prelevement selectif d'une couche de liquide leger a la surface d'une nappe d'eau Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0093759B1
EP0093759B1 EP82903459A EP82903459A EP0093759B1 EP 0093759 B1 EP0093759 B1 EP 0093759B1 EP 82903459 A EP82903459 A EP 82903459A EP 82903459 A EP82903459 A EP 82903459A EP 0093759 B1 EP0093759 B1 EP 0093759B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
flow
wing
floor
hull
sub
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
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EP82903459A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0093759A1 (fr
Inventor
Henry Benaroya
Jean Le Foll
Jean-Elie Cadoux
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority claimed from FR8121905A external-priority patent/FR2516889A1/fr
Priority claimed from FR8123741A external-priority patent/FR2518488B2/fr
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0093759A1 publication Critical patent/EP0093759A1/fr
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B15/00—Cleaning or keeping clear the surface of open water; Apparatus therefor
    • E02B15/04—Devices for cleaning or keeping clear the surface of open water from oil or like floating materials by separating or removing these materials
    • E02B15/046—Collection of oil using vessels, i.e. boats, barges
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
    • B63B35/32—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for for collecting pollution from open water
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S210/00—Liquid purification or separation
    • Y10S210/918—Miscellaneous specific techniques
    • Y10S210/922—Oil spill cleanup, e.g. bacterial
    • Y10S210/923—Oil spill cleanup, e.g. bacterial using mechanical means, e.g. skimmers, pump

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for the selective sampling of a layer of light liquid, such as a hydrocarbon, floating on the surface of a sheet of water capable of being subjected to swell, usable in particular for cleaning up areas covered with a layer of oil following accidental spills.
  • a layer of light liquid such as a hydrocarbon
  • the polluting hydrocarbon is in the form of a thin layer (of the order of a millimeter) consisting of a hydrocarbon phase which can be very viscous following the evaporation of the light components or by a polyphase emulsion d hydrocarbon with sea water and / or air, following the mixing caused by the blades.
  • the machine must be designed to clean up on each pass over a width as large as possible.
  • the water inevitably withdrawn at the same time as the pollutant must represent as small a fraction as possible of the extracted and stored part.
  • the achievement of this last result is thwarted by the very small ratio between the thickness of the pollutant layer and that of the water layer which it is necessary to capture because of the level variations due in particular to the swell .
  • Patent application FR-A-2 467 769 describes a machine of a type which comprises a hull provided with propulsion means making it possible to keep it in flight, the hull having a central part projecting forward relative to with two lateral parts which delimit with the central part of the supply conduits to separators and the central part having deflector means, such as wings, to create vortices whose orientation tends to reduce the divergence of the flow in surface around the hull.
  • the deflector means achieve a double result.
  • the machine thus sweeps the sea between two current lines which, upstream have a much greater spacing than that which they would have in the absence of these means; correlatively, there is thickening of the layer of light liquid at the inlet of the supply conduits. Due to the fact that the pre-collection is carried out in leakage, the wake of the ship causes a damping of the swell.
  • Such thickening remains however very insufficient to allow a separator, in particular centrifugal, to be supplied under conditions such that the ratio between pollutant and water in the flow rate sampled is acceptable.
  • the invention aims in particular to provide a sampling device in which a progressive thickening of the layer of light liquid is carried out throughout a flow in an open vein until separation by a vortex process with a free surface, a vertical axis and central levy.
  • the invention provides a machine according to claim 1.
  • the partition is advantageously swollen at its lower part, located at a distance from the floor, to limit the curvature of the paths of the liquid which passes from one subchannel to the other; the total section of the two sub-channels is substantially constant in the direction of flow, the section of the first sub-channel decreasing while the other increases.
  • the channel floor is advantageously constituted by a thick partition whose sections by vertical planes parallel to the plane of symmetry of the hull are offset profiles, therefore having a very convex underside.
  • the underside descends approximately to a depth equal to the draft and then rises backward.
  • the upper face will then present a horizontal threshold parallel to the leading edge and immersed at a depth equal to approximately one third of the draft and, behind this threshold, will descend to the limit depth compatible with the thickness necessary for the mechanical strength of the floor.
  • the initial increase in the depth of the conduit simplifies the problem posed by the loss of useful cross section due to the partition between the two sub-channels since it compensates for this loss by an increase in the total cross section available.
  • the vertical partition joins the inner side wall of the supply sub-channel.
  • the leading edge of the partition definitively separates the supply sub-channel, which therefore acts as an injection gutter for the vortex in the open vein of the separator, from the discharge sub-channel which becomes a simple channel 'exhaust whose flow is sucked by a pump which can be a means of propulsion of the machine.
  • Model experience confirmed these considerations, which were by no means obvious to those skilled in the art, accustomed to considering only permanent flows. They lead to the provision of a damping of the swell coming from the rear in the form of a leak by means of a submerged rear wing which, moreover, unexpectedly provides additional favorable properties.
  • the subchannel of the machine which opens into the pumping means successively has a fraction constituting a damping bowl, then a loaded portion opening into the pumping means.
  • the sub-channel is full-walled, so that the pumps can only suck water that has entered the sub-channel by passing above or below the partition.
  • the subchannel which opens into the pumping means is advantageously provided with means for supplying water to from the water table provided to provide an additional flow to the pumping means, at least when the level in this channel drops to or exceeds a determined level.
  • These means for providing a make-up flow can be limited to an opening for communication with the sheet of water formed in the wall of the sub-channel, advantageously in the floor.
  • This opening will generally be placed at the entrance to the part in charge of the subchannel which opens into the pumping means or immediately upstream.
  • the entry of the loaded part may constitute a threshold projecting downward relative to the downstream portion, so as to better avoid the aspiration of air towards the pumping means.
  • the central part 10 and the lateral parts 11 of the shell 12 have surfaces which delimit the flow along internal spirals 13 and external spirals 14 and meet at a cusp point 15 (fig. 1).
  • These lateral surfaces must extend approximately vertically, at least up to a depth which is chosen according to the maximum wave depth for which the machine is designed. In practice, this verticality is ensured up to a depth which is of the order of half of the draft D of the machine.
  • the surfaces 13 are thus formed by the wall of the central part 10 of the hull, starting from the bow which must be designed to limit as much as possible the wave of the bow which creates turbulence.
  • Each external surface 14 is materialized by the internal wall of a lateral part 11 from the bow 30 of the latter, which will generally be located at mid-length of the hull.
  • FIG. 1 shows thus a shape which, between the bow of the central part 10 and a point approximately halfway along the length of the ship, corresponds to the forward half of a conventional ship hull. Between each bow of a lateral part 11 and the stern, the water line corresponds substantially to the stern half of a monohull ship having a greater torque than that of the central hull 10.
  • the overall shape parameters of the machine must be proportional to each other to ensure satisfactory flow.
  • the L / 2I ratio will remain between approximately 3.6 and 4.
  • the ratio I / Ic will be between 1.5 and 2.5, a value of the order of 2 being generally satisfactory.
  • a third important parameter is the D / L ratio of draft to length. But the choice of this ratio must take into account different requirements depending on whether it is a machine intended to work offshore or in the immediate vicinity of the coast.
  • the length L will generally be greater than 75 m and D / L will then be determined by the maximum value that can be given to D for a pollution control work, generally less than 12 m: we arrive at a lower value 0.1, that is to say a very flat machine.
  • the most frequent devices intended to operate near the coasts will have a length of less than 75 m and, in this case, a value of D / L can be adopted between 0.14 and 0.16.
  • the flow rate taken by the separator dip tube must be at least two orders of magnitude lower than this inlet flow rate, which leads to seeking a thickening of the layer of light liquid before admission to the separators. This thickening will be carried out in several stages, under the action of components placed in series and which will be successively described.
  • Front deflector means As in the case of the device described in the document FR-A-2467769, deflector means are provided for converging the threads of liquid on the surface, without however causing surge or jump phenomena.
  • these means comprise a jagged front wing 17, provided with fins 18 directed upwards, the feet of which converge forward and whose role will be explained below.
  • This is a provision which differs from that of document FR-A-2467 769 only by the presence of the fins.
  • the wing 17, with positive lift, creates vortices causing convergence on the surface.
  • the deflector means consist of a wing
  • the latter must generate marginal eddies whose efficiency (measured by the relative transverse displacement of the water streams which it causes on the surface) is as high as possible without causing surges in surface, for a given speed of the machine.
  • the transverse displacement is proportional to the circulation of the vortex created by the wings. It increases with the distance, projected on the longitudinal axis, which separates the stem 30 from the lateral part of the origin of the vortex, as well as with the distance which separates the vortex from the plane of symmetry.
  • the influence of the depth of the wing is less marked: if the efficiency of a vortex goes through a maximum when the depth of the wing, equal to the draft, is equal to l a / 2 (figures 3 and 4), this maximum is fairly flat.
  • the efficiency of the marginal vortex which gathers all the circulation of a sheet of free vortices poured out by the wing, is equal to the circulation around the profile at its root, itself proportional to the lift of the profile. It is therefore desirable to increase this lift, but this increase will come up against other imperatives which must also be respected.
  • an isolated wing gives the vortices a marginal vortex immersion depth which is greater than the optimal value, men mentioned above, even in the case of a relatively flat craft, for which D / I c is of the order of 0.9, and a fortiori in the case of heavy draft craft (D / I c of the order of 2.25).
  • each wing 31 with a substantially vertical fin 32.
  • the vertical plane bisector at the trailing edge of the fin 32 a significant inclination relative to the plane median, typically 30 to 35 °. This result can be obtained either with a profile with low camber and high incidence, as indicated in the case of FIG. 5, or with an average incidence and a high camber.
  • FIGS. 7 and 8 Another solution, shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, consists in giving the end portion of the wing 31 a “rolled up” shape: this latter solution will generally be preferable in the case of machines with a high draft. Again, the bisector plane of the terminal part of the wing, having a large dihedral, must be strongly incised on the median plane of the vessel ( Figures 7 and 8).
  • This Froude number must not exceed 1, which means that the immersion depth D c of the threshold in calm water must be:
  • This slowing down can be obtained by delimiting the open vein below by a floor 33 having a general shape of a horizontal wing with negative lift.
  • the general shape of the profile, along the dashed line in Figure 1, can then be that shown in Figure 9.
  • the wing has a span equal to I c . Its leading edge is at a depth of the order of D / 2 if the threshold is at a level of D / 3. Behind a threshold, at depth D / 3, the upper face of the wing descends to increase the depth of the duct, then rises while the upper surface descends to a depth substantially equal to the draft.
  • a first remedy consists in extending the floor forwards beyond the bow 20 and in giving its leading edge a shape having, at least near the central part 10, an inverted arrow.
  • the leading edge has, on most of its development from the central part an inverted arrow, while the external part 34 has a notable arrow, from a point which is located slightly inside the bow in the transverse direction.
  • the vortices created by the reverse arrow portion cause convergence of the layer of liquid lightening the central part 10, which is favorable. But the vortices due to the other party, as well as the vertical vorticity due to the tip, tend to cause divergence.
  • FIGS. 10A to 10G successive profiles of the floor 33.
  • the profile of the central part 10 of the shell at the location of the cut is indicated in solid lines, while the master couple is indicated in dashed lines.
  • Figure 1 OA shows a section along the plane A of Figure 1, immediately behind the tip of the floor. We can see the vertical wing 35 and a small fragment of the floor.
  • Figures 10B, 1 OC and 1 OD are sections in planes staggered from that of Figure 10A to the bow 30 of the lateral part ( Figure 1 OD).
  • FIG. 10E shows the evolution of the cross section immediately behind the bow, and in particular the thickening of the lateral hull 11.
  • FIGS. 10F and 10G are sections approximately at the level of the planes F and G of FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 10G it can be seen that the lateral shell 11 is progressively increasing upwards.
  • This form corresponds to an embodiment in which the partition between the two sub-channels constitutes a weir, a small fraction of the captured flow discharging, from the conduit, into a sub-channel supplying the separator.
  • the partition 36 There is shown in dashed lines in FIG. 10G the general appearance of the partition 36 behind the section along the plane G.
  • Figure 11 shows schematically the arrangement of the transverse partition which separates each conduit gradually into two sub-channels.
  • FIG. 11 shows a constant section supply duct, which will be assimilated to the channel delimited by the surfaces 13 and 14 and the floor 23 in FIG. 1.
  • the partition 37 is placed obliquely with respect to the direction of the duct, so as to gradually reduce the passage section offered to a subchannel 38 which goes towards the separator.
  • This partition ends upwards above the free surface and below it at a distance from the bottom of the canal.
  • a fraction of the flow is thus gradually drawn off from the bottom in a volume constituting a damping bowl 39, which is extended by an evacuation subchannel 40, the external wall 41 of which is formed by the internal wall of the lateral part of the shell.
  • This external wall of the exhaust sub-channel is shown rectilinear in FIG. 11. In practice, it will obviously be shaped to correspond to the shape of the shell.
  • the flow to the bowl 39 implies a change in orientation of the fluid threads. To avoid turbulence, this change of orientation is helped by vanes 42 which, at the same time, support the partition 37. In addition, the partition is thick so that the change of orientation is gradual. The reduction in cross section which results from the presence of the partition is compensated by the fact that the bowl represents an increase in the passage section.
  • the water level may vary. However, this variation must remain in a domain which is limited below by the risk of air entering the rejection pump and, above, by the presence of a load lower than the upstream load. If the pump rotates at constant speed, which will be the general case, the flow rate which it takes in the bowl 39 decreases when the level drops, even in the case of a constant section at ejection. Although this variation in flow rate is not in phase with that of the flow rate received by the bowl 39, it contributes to reducing the buffer volume offered by the bowl which is necessary.
  • the ejection orifice is provided with section adjustment means, for example using a flap controlled by a jack. In this case, the actuator can be controlled to modulate the ejection section as a function of the height of water in the bowl, which makes it possible to obtain greater variations in flow and the phase of which is better adapted, therefore reduce the minimum required buffer volume of the cuvette.
  • the two-phase current supplied by the supply subchannel in which the thickness of the layer of light liquid is approximately ten times greater than at the start of the conduit, is admitted tangentially into a centrifugal separator with open vein.
  • the flow in the open supply vein must give rise to two closed vein flows, one consisting of a discharge flow escaping from the bottom of the separator to an extraction pump, the other by a sample flow sucked by pumping means to storage containers.
  • the light liquid is often an extremely viscous hydrocarbon, it is necessary to warm it. This reheating is almost impossible to achieve in open vein. It will therefore be carried out in the flow in closed sampling vein, which begins at the entrance of a vertical tube plunging into the mass of liquid, to a depth in which pollutant is constantly found.
  • the interface between the layer of light liquid and the water remains substantially parallel to the free surface if the tangential speed remains constant over the entire height of the body of water.
  • this result is obtained by constituting the separator by a cavity 45 with a vertical axis 46 into which a dip tube 47 penetrates.
  • the supply sub-channel 38 opens tangentially at the top of the cavity 45 to maintain the rotational movement.
  • the friction-retardant effect on the central tube 47 gives the free surface 48 a shape of the kind indicated in FIG. 12 and causes a thickening of the layer of light liquid, as shown by the shape of the upper and lower borders 49 of l 'interface in Figure 12.
  • the maximum thickness of pollutant layer that can be allowed around the tube 47 is limited only by the risk of driving the pollutant down by the discharge flow.
  • the separator shown in FIG. 12, which can be considered as a section along a plane substantially parallel to the median plane of the machine, comprises a thick horizontal partition plate 50 pierced with an approximately circular central hole and centered on the axis 46.
  • the plate 50 limits a supply chamber into which opens the supply sub-channel 38 which maintains the vortex flow and whose wall has an approximately cylindrical shape of which the director is a spiral.
  • the discharge chamber placed below the plate 50 is delimited downwards by a floor 51. It opens by a tangential exhaust channel 52.
  • the flow in this chamber and the diverging exhaust channel have a wide symmetry with the supply flow. The angular momentum of the discharged water mass is preserved, except for pressure drops.
  • the corresponding energy can be recovered in a vortex placed downstream or the exhaust channel 52 can lead directly into an extraction pump, which can moreover be confused with the propulsion pump 53 (FIG. 1) which receives the flow coming from subchannel 40.
  • the propulsion pump 53 FIG. 1
  • the tube 47 must suck all the flow of light polluting liquid which arrives at the separator, which implies that it simultaneously sucks a flow of water sufficient to entrain the pollutant even if the viscosity of the latter is so high that it occurs in lumps.
  • the tube 47 shown in FIG. 12 is double-walled and has an internal conduit 54 for supplying steam which escapes towards the top by a series of holes 55 formed in an internal rim of the tube, at the bottom of the latter. This injection of steam simultaneously heats the pollutant and makes handling easier.
  • calibrated inlet throttles can be provided on the duct 54: the corresponding lamination is adiabatic and does not significantly modify the heat input from the steam.
  • the layer of palliative light liquid is concentrated in the separator to form a core whose thickness and lume value correspond to a balance between the flow aspirated by the tube 47 and an injected flow which can vary very quickly, since it is appreciably proportional at each instant to the thickness of the layer of polluting liquid, itself roughly fifty times greater than the average thickness of the polluting layer in line with the stem 20.
  • This nucleus constitutes a volumetampon. It is normally maintained between limits determined by controlling the pump (not shown) for the suction of the light liquid by a relay actuated by means for determining the level of the interface, indicated diagrammatically at 56.
  • These means can be constituted in particular by an electric cell or by a float whose average density is between that of water and that of light liquid, connected to a control relay of the pump motor.
  • the light liquid finally obtained will be stored. This storage can be carried out in tanks placed on board the abatement machine, from where the pollutant will later be transferred to tanks placed on the ground. However, especially in the case of small vehicles, the pollutant can be stored in containers that are closed and ballasted. These containers are then submerged as they are filled in locations marked with buoys. The containers are then recovered by non-specialized vessels.
  • the buffer volume represented by the core will generally be sufficient to allow a temporary stop of the suction pump for the time necessary for a change of container for storing light polluting liquid.
  • a first remedy consists in reducing the amplitude of the swell coming from the rear in the appearance of a leak, during its journey along the hull before it reaches the grip orifices.
  • the machine comprises a rear wing 57. It is preferable that this wing does not project beyond the machine towards the rear.
  • the thickness of the wing 57 increases from the rear to the front and the wing is placed at a depth slightly less than the draft of the craft.
  • the wing 57 dampens the absolute movement of the swell in a half-light zone which covers all the flow in free vein before entering the collection orifices conduits.
  • the wing reduces the amplitude of the pitch. On short vehicles, it dampens the relative movement of the ship relative to the sea, especially if it has a positive lift. The wing finally plays the role of anti-roll keel.
  • a second remedy takes into account that the most dangerous disturbances from the point of view of the risk of surge are those which go up the general flow. Such disturbances can appear in the conduits as a result of the reflection of the waves which descend the conduit, then the exhaust sub-channel towards the part in charge of the latter.
  • the flow suction pump which runs through the subchannel 40 is controlled so that this subchannel remains under load and there is no air intake in the pump and also so as to maintain immediately upstream a speed and a height of water such that the flow is of fluvial type, that is to say with a Froude number less than 1.
  • the basin 39 is given a width 1 2 greater than the width 1, of the duct and a flooded weir 59 is placed there which reduces the depth and, correspondingly, causes a local increase in speed. Enlargement 1 2/1 1 and the height of the weir 59 are selected so that the variations undergone by the flow from upstream to downstream are as follows.
  • the flow speed and the depth h 1 are such that the flow is fluvial (Froude number less than 1). In the upstream part of the bowl, this fluvial character is further increased due to the decrease in speed caused by the increase in width.
  • the depth h 2 of the flow at the right of the spillway becomes such that the Froude number becomes equal, then greater than 1. It remains greater than 1, then the flow becomes fluvial again with the formation of a projection 60 which is capable of moving longitudinally in a limited area.
  • the disturbances propagating from upstream to downstream cross the jump and can be reflected on the entry of the subchannel under load 40. But the reflected disturbances cannot cross the jump and come to disturb the flow in the conduit.
  • FIG. 16 shows by way of example a wing 67 of annular shape capable of being used at the front of the floor 33.
  • This wing is connected to the floor 33 by a profile which may be similar to that shown in FIG. 1 OG then the wing turns forward to connect to the central part 10 of the hull by a profile close to the horizontal, as indicated by a cut folded in dashes.
  • the wing At its root on the floor 33, the wing has a shorter length than in the case of FIG. 10 and a higher incidence, so that the wing 61 does not descend below the draft of the shell.
  • the annular wing embedded at its two ends, has greater rigidity and resistance than a cantilever wing; the free vortices which escape from a wing of the kind shown in FIGS. 1 and 10 are removed, vortices which can in some cases be troublesome, although they are released at a considerable depth.
  • the floor 33 of the embodiment shown in Figures 1, 2 and 9 is full. Despite the slowing of the flow upstream of the capture, it limits the speed at which the machine can move, since it is necessary to avoid a spill. In the variant embodiment shown in FIGS. 17 and 18, this limitation is largely eliminated by carrying out the capture (that is to say the separation between the polluted flow removed and the water returned to the ambient water table) in two steps.
  • the stream of liquid sampled by the lateral shell 11, placed obliquely is first closed laterally, and then the vein is closed by the floor 33 downstream from the bow of the lateral shell.
  • the floor 33 In its upstream part, the floor 33 is limited to inclined blades 65 and 66, connecting the two shells and of progressively decreasing depth (FIG. 17).
  • the purpose of these blades is to eject downwards and outwards, under the lateral shell 11, the lower part of the flow of water from the vein, a part which does not contain any pollutant.
  • the front part of the side hull will in this case have a depth of between half and a third of the draft.
  • the non-rejected part of the vein is directed to the pumps.
  • the curve in solid lines in FIG. 19 shows the variation in the feed rate supplied to a subchannel opening into pumping means as a function of time, in the presence of a swell of period T.
  • This feed rate is pours into a damping bowl 39 (FIG. 20) communicating with the pumping means 53 via a charged duct 40.
  • the pumping means 53 are provided for sucking in an approximately constant flow rate (dashed line in FIG. 19) which corresponds at the average feed rate.
  • the level of the mass of water contained in the bowl therefore varies as a function of time, the difference between the average volume and the minimum volume of water in the bowl being represented by the hatched surface in FIG. 19.
  • this difference in volume corresponds to a difference between the average level m of the water in the bowl (downstream of the projection 60 due in particular to the presence of the flooded weir 59) and the low level. This difference is all the greater the smaller the surface area of the bowl 39.
  • the means for supplying the subchannel with make-up water consist of an opening 62 formed in the floor to provide permanent communication between the subchannel and the sea.
  • the opening shown is placed in the front part of the loaded tunnel 40.
  • the ceiling of this front part has a threshold 61 projecting downwards, making it possible to further reduce the risk of air suction.
  • the flow of the water streams at the bottom of the subchannel takes place along the floor upstream and downstream of the opening 62 (arrow f o ).
  • this opening will be either at the entrance to the loaded part 40, or immediately upstream, partly below the threshold 61.
  • the level water in the damping bowl 39 is higher than the average level, there is ejection of water through the opening 62: this ejection is without drawback, this water flow being devoid of pollutant.
  • the additional flow rate to the pumping means 53 a value mean over time which is positive, zero or even negative, when the machine moves at its normal operating speed, the make-up flow being always positive in the case of a zero speed. If, for example, provision is made for the opening 62 so that it provides an average additional flow rate of around 10 to 20% of the total flow aspirated by your pumping means 53, a maximum flow rate of around 50% of the flow sucked by the pump, which clearly shows a very significant impact on maintaining the level in the damping bowl 39 at a sufficient height.
  • the inlet opening of a supply flow can be fitted with oscillating flaps preventing the ejection of a fraction of the flow that has crossed the flooded weir.
  • These flaps can be fitted with jacks which keep them closed when the machine moves without operating to take a layer of light liquid, for example to go to a place of intervention.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Cleaning Or Clearing Of The Surface Of Open Water (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
EP82903459A 1981-11-23 1982-11-23 Engin de prelevement selectif d'une couche de liquide leger a la surface d'une nappe d'eau Expired EP0093759B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8121905 1981-11-23
FR8121905A FR2516889A1 (fr) 1981-11-23 1981-11-23 Engin de prelevement selectif d'une couche de liquide leger a la surface d'une nappe d'eau
FR8123741A FR2518488B2 (fr) 1981-12-18 1981-12-18 Engin de prelevement selectif d'une couche de liquide leger a la surface d'une nappe d'eau
FR8123741 1981-12-18

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0093759A1 EP0093759A1 (fr) 1983-11-16
EP0093759B1 true EP0093759B1 (fr) 1986-01-29

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EP82903459A Expired EP0093759B1 (fr) 1981-11-23 1982-11-23 Engin de prelevement selectif d'une couche de liquide leger a la surface d'une nappe d'eau

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US (1) US4491518A (no)
EP (1) EP0093759B1 (no)
JP (1) JPS58502010A (no)
BR (1) BR8207983A (no)
DE (1) DE3268897D1 (no)
DK (1) DK331983A (no)
NO (1) NO157342C (no)
WO (1) WO1983001799A1 (no)

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NO832660L (no) 1983-07-21
WO1983001799A1 (en) 1983-05-26
DE3268897D1 (en) 1986-03-13
BR8207983A (pt) 1983-10-04
NO157342B (no) 1987-11-23
DK331983D0 (da) 1983-07-19
US4491518A (en) 1985-01-01
NO157342C (no) 1988-03-02
DK331983A (da) 1983-07-19
JPS58502010A (ja) 1983-11-24
EP0093759A1 (fr) 1983-11-16

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