EP0093728A1

EP0093728A1 - Motion transformer with self-contained structure for barrel-type machine

Info

Publication number: EP0093728A1
Application number: EP82903150A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Jean-Bernard Baptiste Jules Fischer; Claude Max Marie Pellerin
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1981-10-16
Filing date: 1982-10-15
Publication date: 1983-11-16
Also published as: IT1209469B; AU9052182A; FR2538853A2; IT8223777A0; ES8306215A1; WO1983001481A1; ES516486A0

Abstract

Machine à pistons disposés en barillet, à mouvement louvoyant dont le transformateur de mouvement se trouve à l'intérieur d'une structure propre où il peut être isolé totalement du bloc de compression tant du point de vue thermique que du point de vue chimique. Des moyens sont prévus pour : - le réglage facile du transformateur à l'intérieur de la structure; - la localisation et la très forte atténuation des bruits et des vibrations; - la réalisation d'une manière très économique, même sur un moteur, de la compression de l'air ou d'un gaz.Machine with pistons arranged in a barrel, with swaying movement, the movement transformer of which is located inside its own structure where it can be completely isolated from the compression block both from a thermal point of view and from a chemical point of view. Means are provided for: - easy adjustment of the transformer inside the structure; - the location and very strong attenuation of noise and vibrations; - the realization in a very economical manner, even on an engine, of the compression of air or a gas.

Description

MOTION TRANSFORMER WITH PROERE STRUCTURE FOR BARREL MACHINE D E S C R I P T I O N

The connection of the pistons to a rotating arhre parallel to the axis of the pistons, that is to say the transformation of movement into a barrel has been known for a very long time; the geometric problems posed by this formula have therefore been well studied, and a certain number of mechanical difficulties, linked or not to the structure of the materials, have been resolved.

But one point had never before been brought to light: the possibility, thanks to the use of the barrel, of designing a machine like engine or compressor or motor camper, only composed of autonomous and assemblable elements .

The present invention achieves this goal and poasèda, on the other hand, other advantages.

It is characterized by the fact that the motion transformer is fully assembled and adjusted inside a clean structure on which it is supported and from which one or two shafts eventually emerge. rotation, but still the systems necessary to move the pistons, generally connecting rods.

This movement transformer is constituted by a swinging plate bearing on a circumference (or on several) the centers of the housing of the ball joints which connect this plate to the pistons; the "center" of the sway, must be preferably on the plate and on the axis of the motion transformer.

The motion transformer can be realized as follows:

- either the swaying of the plate is taken into account by one or more bearings integral with this plate, bearings which allow the rotation of the plate on the oblique axis of a Z-shaped tree, this oblique axis being always perpendicular, to the plate (figure 2).

- either the swaying of the platform is taken into account by one or more bearings integral with the platform, in a similar way to the previous paragraph except for the oblique axis which is part of a bent tree (Figure 1).

This solution can be improved by the use of a ball joint, the ball joint then being integral with the structure and the counter ball joint integral with the plate, the common center of the ball joint and the counter ball joint preferably being on the plane of the ball joints connecting to the pistons and also on the axis of the motion transformer (FIG. 3).

But in both cases, it is necessary to provide the swinging plate with a torque retainer which is convenient, but not compulsory, to realize with two identical gears, one integral with the swinging plate, the other linked to the structure.

The essential characteristic of the structure is to maintain a correct alignment, without lateral displacement, of the supports. bearings or rings in which rotate the motor or resistant shaft and generally the shaft carrying the balancing counterweight.

This condition, being fulfilled, the structure can be solid or perforated, be provided or not with reinforcements, have flat or curved bottoms, etc.

This solution presents, apart from easier manufacturing possibilities, also many other advantages which are due mainly to the low inclination of the connecting rods and to the perfect balancing of the motion transformer:

- The use of piston rods is thus done without practical increase in the moving masses, this due to the low thrust and the absence of parasitic vibrations that creates a defective balancing.

- Ohmic separation between the compression block and the rest of the machine is easily achievable by the use of piston rods, seals around the connecting rods of pistons other than rods or the rods of piston rods, combined use or not with the ventilation of a suitable gas or fluid between structure and compression block.

- The tliermiqua separation between the mechanical part included in the structure and the hot part where compression takes place is easily achievable. This separation, based on a system of seals or piston rods, can be increased by the addition of insulating materials or by the circulation of a fluid between structure and compression block, then separated by between toisas.

- The reduction of the noise level is facilitated by the localization of the noises in the part of the machine where these arise; it then becomes possible to use in the places thus identified composite materials damping the sounds in a more or less selective manner; moreover, it is easy to avoid them. vibrations and resonance phenomena by the suppression or at least the maximum reduction ma of the plane surfaces which are put in vibration.

- Compression, accessory or not, of air or a gas at a high pressure (in the case of compressors) or at a relatively low pressure (in the case of current engines fitted with turbochargers) is easy to carry out. Several solutions are possible for this; the choice between these depends. of the end use.

If one wishes to achieve a fairly low pressure (less than, of the order of 1 bar or 10 ⁵ N / m ² ) then it is possible either to install on the part of the shaft passing through the compression block a turbine, either to use the underside of the pistons and to achieve, thanks to the very small inclination of the connecting rods, the sealing made directly on the connecting rods by a system of seals adapted for this purpose.

If one wishes to reach a fairly high pressure (greater than about 1 bar or 10 ⁵ N / m ² ) the use of piston rods, which practically does not change. Not, in this case the inertias of the moving parts, is particularly simple. - This solution also increases the mechanical possibilities, because, in all cases, the clean structure not only allows the connecting rods to pass through fixed orifices of small section, but also facilitates the installation of axes intended to transmit movements of rotation, the establishment of hydraulic circuits and even the passage, through its wall, of magnetic fluxes.

It is also obvious that the movement transformer can be integral with aceessory elements, even non-mechanical. whether these are totally or partially included in the structure.

These facilities are due to the fact that it is possible, in particular thanks to thermal separation, to treat the movement transformer part as a precise mechanical assembly, freed from the problems of expansion specific to thermal machines.

The following description is given by way of example; it relates to a structure containing a movement transformer with a swiveling plate on a ball joint, the other contingencies such as a woven plate not supported by a ball joint and whose swaying is taken into account by a bent shaft or by a Z-shaped shaft, immediately follow. (figure 3.)

A rigid structure (1) provided with the orifices (2) necessary for the passage of the connecting rods and equipped with the bearings (3) and (4) allowing respectively the passage of the axis (5) corresponding to the bent shaft and of the axis (6) corresponding to the crankpin, is entirely integral with the ball joint (7) intended to receive the forces in particular due to the pistons and to allow the weaving movement of the plate (8) containing the devices for housing the connecting rod heads.

On the ball joint (7) rests a part whose main axis of the inertia ellipsoid coincides with the theoretical axis (5). This part essentially comprises a counter ball joint, the plate (8) and a gear. (10) which, with the gear (11) integral with the structure, retains the necessary torque necessary for the movement (these gears could be replaced by any system forming torque retention); this piece turns at its end (12) in the crank pin of the axis (9) and comprises in debt at the same end the housing of the end of the bent shaft.

The barrel arrangement with its own structure, apart from the fact that it greatly facilitates adjustments and mounting, allows compressors or motor-compressors which are difficult to execute with other techniques to be produced under excellent economic conditions (problems chemicals) engines supercharged by the use of the internal face of the pistons which are thus cooled, very light engines thanks to the "cold" mechanical part, etc ...

All these advantages obviously add to those normally allowed by the geometry of the barrel: better distribution of the air-fuel mixture, simplification, of the distribution mechanism, etc ...

Claims

RESELL l CATIONS

1. Barrel-type machine with wiggling movement comprising: - pistons arranged in a regular manner in a block cylinder on one or more circumferences;

- connecting rods, the ends of which are ball joints forming a link with the said pistons and the housings regularly placed in a plate;

- a movement transformer assembly formed by a conical (or biconical) part whose base (or common base) is the plate carrying the housings and generally rotating at its (or its) end (s) on the oblique axis d 'a bent tree (or on the oblique axis of 2 bent trees forming a "Z" tree);

Inside the conical part there is optionally a counter-ball allowing to transmit to a ball a part of the forces of the pistons.

Attached to this assembly is also part of the means, such as a gear, of the torque-retaining system;

- a bent shaft (or a "Z" shaft) allowing the generation of the engine torque (or transmitting the drive torque); machine characterized by the arrangement of the movement transformer inside its own structure which carries the bearings of the bent shaft, (or the bearings of the "Z" shaft) and the fixed part, such as a gear, of the torque retaining system, a structure which is also, optionally, integral with the ball joint receiving the forces of. pi s tones; thus transformer, and structure form an independent sub-assembly, from which the connecting rods exit through orifices of a section little different from that of the connecting rods, and possibly one or two axes, to transmit rotational movements; this subassembly is connected to the compression block either directly, that is to say without space separating it from this block, or indirectly, that is to say by leaving a certain space between itself and the compression block; finally this sub-assembly allows independence of the adjustment of the movement transformer with respect to the other parts of the machine.

2. Barrel-like machine with wiggling movement according to claim 1, characterized by the presence of practically total thermal separation means between the hot part where the work of the pistons takes place and the cold part constituted by the structure and the motion transformer, these means being arranged in the space between transformer and compression block.

3. Barrel-moving machine according to claim 1, characterized by the presence of means for total chemical separation or. practically total between the part where compression takes place and the rest of the machine, these means being available in the space between transformer and compression block.

4. Barrel-weaving machine according to claim. 1, characterized by the presence of curved or left surfaces on the compression block and / or on the structure.

5. Maohine in a barrel with a moving movement according to claim 1, characterized by the use on the parts where the vibrations occur, of composite materials in the vicinity of the place where these vibrations are generated.

6. Barrel-type movement machine according to claim.1, characterized by the use of the internal face of the pistons to compress the air or the gas, and by the realization of the sealing ensured by a system of seals at the level passage of the connecting rod; this in order to achieve a new compression stage.

7. Barrel-type movement machine according to claim 1, characterized by the use, of the internal face of the pistons to compress the air or the gas, and by the realization, of the sealing produced by means of piston rods.

8 .. machine in harillet movement with movement according to claim 1 and intended to constitute a motor, characterized in that an axis linked to the movement transformer is provided with blades, thus forming a turbine intended for the supply of said motor.

9. Barrel-type movement machine according to claim 1, characterized in that it consists of separate and assembled elements.