EP0093344A2 - Method of operating an absorption heat pump, and absorption heat pump for carrying out the method - Google Patents

Method of operating an absorption heat pump, and absorption heat pump for carrying out the method Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0093344A2
EP0093344A2 EP83103937A EP83103937A EP0093344A2 EP 0093344 A2 EP0093344 A2 EP 0093344A2 EP 83103937 A EP83103937 A EP 83103937A EP 83103937 A EP83103937 A EP 83103937A EP 0093344 A2 EP0093344 A2 EP 0093344A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
evaporator
absorber
heat pump
heat exchanger
line
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP83103937A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0093344B1 (en
EP0093344A3 (en
Inventor
Paul Heimbach
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COFRABEL N.V.
SCHONEWELLE B.V.
Vaillant Austria GmbH
Vaillant GmbH
Vaillant SARL
Vaillant Ltd
Original Assignee
Vaillant Austria GmbH
COFRABEL NV
Joh Vaillant GmbH and Co
Vaillant GmbH
Vaillant SARL
Vaillant Ltd
SCHONEWELLE BV
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Application filed by Vaillant Austria GmbH, COFRABEL NV, Joh Vaillant GmbH and Co, Vaillant GmbH, Vaillant SARL, Vaillant Ltd, SCHONEWELLE BV filed Critical Vaillant Austria GmbH
Priority to AT83103937T priority Critical patent/ATE33183T1/en
Publication of EP0093344A2 publication Critical patent/EP0093344A2/en
Publication of EP0093344A3 publication Critical patent/EP0093344A3/en
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Publication of EP0093344B1 publication Critical patent/EP0093344B1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B30/00—Heat pumps
    • F25B30/04—Heat pumps of the sorption type

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for operating a sorption heat pump or to the sorption heat pump for performing the method according to the preamble of the main claims.
  • a sorption heat pump has become known in which the evaporator is connected to the absorber via a cold changer. Two heat exchangers are provided along the line for rich solution to preheat the rich solution before entering the expeller. The first stage of heating is done with poor solution, with a corresponding heat exchanger being inserted into the poor solution line behind the expansion valve, and in the two stage with the refrigerant vapor from the expeller.
  • the temperature level which the rich solution has before entering the expeller it is hardly possible in this embodiment to use the energy still present in the flue gases of the heat source to further raise the temperature level of the rich solution.
  • the present invention is based on the object, on the one hand, of utilizing the energy inherent in the flue gases of the heat source as far as possible, and on the other hand largely avoiding damage caused by condensate in the line guides.
  • the figure shows a basic illustration of the line routing of an absorption heat pump.
  • An absorption heat pump has an expeller 1, which is heated by a heat source 2, for example in the form of a gas burner, which is equipped with a fuel burner til 3 provided fuel supply line 4 is powered.
  • the lower area of the expeller 1 projects into a combustion chamber 5, on the underside 6 of which fresh air is drawn in as combustion air from the installation space of the expeller 1.
  • An exhaust gas duct 7 leads to a flue gas heat exchanger 8, from which an exhaust gas line 9 continues to a drying heat exchanger 10, which is arranged within an air duct 11.
  • the expeller 1 has a rectifier 12 approximately in its central region and a dephlegmator 13 in its upper region.
  • a line 14 for poor solution leads from the expeller 1 to a temperature changer 15, which the poor solution leaves via a line 16, which leads to an expansion valve 17 and then to an absorber 18.
  • a refrigerant vapor line 19 leads to the top of the expeller 1 and leads to a condenser 20.
  • the condenser is connected via a line 21 to a heat exchanger 22 arranged in the air duct 11, from which a line 23 leads to an expansion valve 24, which is followed by a line 25 which is followed by the evaporator 26 which is likewise arranged in the air duct 11 and which is connected via a steam line 27 the absorber 18 is connected.
  • a heat exchanger tube coil 29 is provided, the one facing away from the evaporator 26 End up to a medium height 30 in the interior of the absorber 18 and ends there.
  • a line 31 for rich solution which is provided with a solvent pump 32 and leads to the flue gas heat exchanger 8, leaves the absorber at the lower end in the sump 28. Behind the flue gas heat exchanger 8, the rich solution is guided in a line 33 which is connected to the temperature changer 15. The temperature changer 15 is connected to the rectifier 12 via a line 34 for rich solution.
  • a consumer 35 in the form of an underfloor heating system, a radiator heating system or a domestic hot water tank or of several of these elements is provided with a flow line 36 and a return line 38 provided with a circulation pump 37, which leads to a heat exchanger tube coil which is arranged inside the condenser 20.
  • a heat exchanger tube coil 40 is also arranged in the absorber 18 and is connected to the tube coil 39 via a line 41.
  • the pipe coil 40 is connected to a pipe coil which forms the dephlegmator 13 and is arranged in the dome of the expeller 1.
  • the consumer supply line 36 is connected to the dephlegmator. Accordingly, the heating fluid supplying the consumer circulates through the condenser, the absorber and the dephlegmator of the heat pump, the consumer fluid being heated in three stages in series, while being cooled in the consumer 35, with heat being given off.
  • the air duct 11 sucks air from the atmosphere via its inflow-side end 42 and acts on this heat in the heat exchanger 22. Downstream of the heat exchanger 22 is the evaporator 26, to which the flue gas heat exchanger 10 is connected. At the outflow end 43 of the air duct 11, a suction blower 44 driven by a motor, not shown, is arranged.
  • the drying heat exchanger 10 is provided at its lowest point with a float valve 45 which controls a condensate outflow line 46.
  • a flue gas line 47 which is provided with a closure flap 48, leads from the drying heat exchanger 10 to the air duct 11, the outlet opening 49 of the flue gas line 47 lies between the heat exchanger 22 and the evaporator 26.
  • the sorption heat pump just described has the following functions: by supplying fuel via the fuel valve 3 and the fuel line 4, the heat source 2 is supplied with energy and the expeller 1 is heated. This leads to poor solution being expelled via line 14 and refrigerant vapor after rectification and dephlegmation via line 19 from the solution which accumulates at the bottom of the expeller.
  • the .Refrigerant vapor enters the condenser 20 and condenses here under the influence of the cooling consumer fluid. Condensed refrigerant reaches the heat exposed to the air flow via the line Meleyer 22 and is supercooled here, with the condensed refrigerant giving off heat to the air flow in the duct 11.
  • the refrigerant condensate reaches the expansion valve 24 via line 23, is expanded here and reaches the evaporator 26.
  • the expanded refrigerant partially evaporates while absorbing heat from the air flow in the duct 11.
  • the evaporated refrigerant which still has low liquid constituents, arrives via line 27 into the sump 28 of the absorber 18th
  • the poor solution leaving the expeller 1 reaches the temperature changer 15 via the line 14 and gives off heat to the rich solution flowing back via the lines 33 and 34.
  • the cooled, poor solution reaches the expansion valve 17 via line 16, is relaxed here and reaches the absorber 18.
  • the refrigerant and poor solution mix and give off heat via the pipe coil 40 to the consumer fluid. Since the solvent pump 32 draws rich solution via line 31 from the sump 28 of the absorber 18, the rich solution passes the coil 29 when it leaves the absorber.
  • the refrigerant liquid is re-evaporated and the evaporated refrigerant overheats while absorbing heat from the rich solution, which cools accordingly.
  • the subcooling is dimensioned such that the solvent pump 32 operates without cavitation.
  • the smoke gas heat exchanger 8 fed. Due to this low temperature level, it is possible to extract a large part of the heat that is still inherent in the flue gases.
  • the heated rich solution reaches the temperature changer 15 via line 33 and is preheated here in a second stage by the poor solution leaving the expeller 1.
  • the rich solution entering the expeller 1 cools the expelled refrigerant vapor in the region of the rectifier before it leaves the expeller 1 via line 19.
  • the flue gases of the heat source 2 thus first heat the expeller 1 and then the flue gas heat exchanger 8.
  • the flue gases are then fed to the drying heat exchanger 10 via line 9.
  • the flue gases in the area of the air duct 11 are exposed to the coldest point of this air duct, which is located downstream of the evaporator 26. This brings the flue gases to a temperature level that is lower than the temperature level of the ambient air.
  • Flue gas condensate is produced here in large quantities, which is removed via the float valve 45 and the condensate line 46.
  • the flue gas then reaches the end 49 of the line via the line 47 provided with the throttle valve 48 and is mixed here with the air flow feeding the evaporator.

Abstract

1. A method of operating an absorption heat pump comprising a generator (1), which is heated by a heat source (2), a condenser (23), throttles, an evaporator (26) and an absorber (18) and also lines connecting said parts, wherein the rich solution leaving the absorber (18) is reheated by means of flue gases from the heat source (2) and by means of the depleted solution and the flue gases are admixed to the air stream fed to the evaporator, characterized in that the rich solution leaving the absorber (18) is sub-cooled in the outlet of the absorber (18) by means of the refrigerant leaving the evaporator (26) and the flue gases are dried.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Sorptionswärmepumpe beziehungsweise auf die Sorptionswärmepumpe zur Durchführung des Verfahrens gemäß dem Oberbegriff der Hauptansprüche.The present invention relates to a method for operating a sorption heat pump or to the sorption heat pump for performing the method according to the preamble of the main claims.

Aus der DE OS 2736436 ist eine Sorptionswärmepumpe bekanntgeworden, bei der der Verdampfer über einen Kältewechsler mit dem Absorber verbunden ist. Im Zuge der Leitung für reiche Lösung sind zwei Wärmetauscher vorgesehen, um die reiche Lösung vor Eintritt in den Austreiber vorzuheizen. Die erste Stufe der Aufheizung geschieht mit armer Lösung, wobei ein entsprechender Wärmetauscher in die Leitung für arme Lösung hinter dem Expansionsventil eingefügt wird, und in der zweiten Stufe mit dem Kältemitteldampf aus dem Austreiber. Infolge des Temperaturniveaus, das die reiche Lösung vor Eintritt in den Austreiber aufweist, ist es kaum möglich, bei dieser Ausführung die in den Rauchgasen der Wärmequelle noch steckende Energie zu einem weiteren Anheben des Temperaturniveaus der reichen Lösung auszunutzen.From DE OS 2736436 a sorption heat pump has become known in which the evaporator is connected to the absorber via a cold changer. Two heat exchangers are provided along the line for rich solution to preheat the rich solution before entering the expeller. The first stage of heating is done with poor solution, with a corresponding heat exchanger being inserted into the poor solution line behind the expansion valve, and in the two stage with the refrigerant vapor from the expeller. As a result of the temperature level which the rich solution has before entering the expeller, it is hardly possible in this embodiment to use the energy still present in the flue gases of the heat source to further raise the temperature level of the rich solution.

Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einerseits die den Rauchgasen der Wärmequelle innewohnende Energie soweit als möglich auszunutzen, andererseits Schäden durch Kondensat in den Leitungsführungen weitestgehend zu vermeiden.The present invention is based on the object, on the one hand, of utilizing the energy inherent in the flue gases of the heat source as far as possible, and on the other hand largely avoiding damage caused by condensate in the line guides.

Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe gelingt durch die in den kennzeichnenden Teilen der Hauptansprüche angegebenen Merkmale.This object is achieved by the features specified in the characterizing parts of the main claims.

Weitere Ausgestaltungen und besonders vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind Gegenstand der Unteransprüche beziehungsweise gehen aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung hervor, die ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung anhand der Figur der Zeichnung näher erläutert.Further refinements and particularly advantageous developments of the invention are the subject of the subclaims or emerge from the following description, which explains an exemplary embodiment of the invention with reference to the figure of the drawing.

In der Figur ist eine Prinzipdarstellung der Leitungsführung einer Absorptionswärmepumpe dargestellt.The figure shows a basic illustration of the line routing of an absorption heat pump.

Eine Absorptionswärmepumpe weist einen Austreiber 1 auf, der von einer Wärmequelle 2, beispielsweise in Gestalt eines Gasbrenners beheizt ist, der über eine mit einem Brennstoffventil 3 versehene Brennstoffzuleitung 4 mit Energie gespeist ist. Der untere Bereich des Austreibers 1 ragt in einen Feuerungsraum 5, an dessen Unterseite 6 Frischluft als Verbrennungsluft aus dem Aufstellungsraum des Austreibers 1 angesaugt wird.An absorption heat pump has an expeller 1, which is heated by a heat source 2, for example in the form of a gas burner, which is equipped with a fuel burner til 3 provided fuel supply line 4 is powered. The lower area of the expeller 1 projects into a combustion chamber 5, on the underside 6 of which fresh air is drawn in as combustion air from the installation space of the expeller 1.

Ein Abgaszug 7 führt zu einem Rauchgaswärmetauscher 8, von dem sich eine Abgasleitung 9 zu einem Trocknungswärmetauscher 10 fortsetzt, der innerhalb eines Luftkanals 11 angeordnet ist.An exhaust gas duct 7 leads to a flue gas heat exchanger 8, from which an exhaust gas line 9 continues to a drying heat exchanger 10, which is arranged within an air duct 11.

Der Austreiber 1 weist etwa in seinem mittleren Bereich einen Rektifikator 12 und in seinem oberen Bereich einen Dephlegmator 13 auf.The expeller 1 has a rectifier 12 approximately in its central region and a dephlegmator 13 in its upper region.

Vom Austreiber 1 führt eine Leitung 14 für arme Lösung zu einem Temperaturwechsler 15, den die arme Lösung über eine Leitung 16 verläßt, die zu einem Expansionsventil 17 und anschließend zu einem Absorber 18 führt. Am Kopf des Austreibers 1 geht eine Kältemitteldampfleitung 19 ab, die zu einem Kondensator 20 führt. Der Kondensator ist über eine Leitung 21 mit einem im Luftkanal 11 angeordneten Wärmetauscher 22 verbunden, von dem eine Leitung 23 zu einem Expansionsventil 24 führt, dem über eine Leitung 25 der gleichfalls im Luftkanal 11 angeordnete Verdampfer 26 nachgeschaltet ist, der über eine Dampfleitung 27 mit dem Absorber 18 verbunden ist. Hierbei ist im Sumpf 28 des Absorbers eine Wärmetauscherrohrschlange 29 vorgesehen, deren dem Verdampfer 26 abgewandtes Ende bis zu einer mittleren Höhe 30 im Innenraum des Absorbers 18 reicht und dort endet.A line 14 for poor solution leads from the expeller 1 to a temperature changer 15, which the poor solution leaves via a line 16, which leads to an expansion valve 17 and then to an absorber 18. A refrigerant vapor line 19 leads to the top of the expeller 1 and leads to a condenser 20. The condenser is connected via a line 21 to a heat exchanger 22 arranged in the air duct 11, from which a line 23 leads to an expansion valve 24, which is followed by a line 25 which is followed by the evaporator 26 which is likewise arranged in the air duct 11 and which is connected via a steam line 27 the absorber 18 is connected. Here, in the sump 28 of the absorber, a heat exchanger tube coil 29 is provided, the one facing away from the evaporator 26 End up to a medium height 30 in the interior of the absorber 18 and ends there.

Den Absorber verläßt am unteren Ende im Sumpf 28 eine Leitung 31 für reiche Lösung, die mit einer Lösungsmittelpumpe 32 versehen ist und zum Rauchgaswärmetauscher 8 führt. Hinter dem Rauchgaswärmetauscher 8 wird die reiche Lösung in einer Leitung 33 geführt, die an den Temperaturwechsler 15 angeschlossen ist. Der Temperaturwechsler 15 ist mit dem Rektifikator 12 über eine Leitung 34 für reiche Lösung verbunden.A line 31 for rich solution, which is provided with a solvent pump 32 and leads to the flue gas heat exchanger 8, leaves the absorber at the lower end in the sump 28. Behind the flue gas heat exchanger 8, the rich solution is guided in a line 33 which is connected to the temperature changer 15. The temperature changer 15 is connected to the rectifier 12 via a line 34 for rich solution.

Ein Verbraucher 35 in Gestalt einer Fußbodenheizung, einer Radiatorenheizung oder eines Brauchwasserspeichers oder aus mehreren dieser Elemente ist mit einer Vorlaufleitung 36 und einer mit einer Umwälzpumpe 37 versehenen Rücklaufleitung 38 versehen, die zu einer Wärmetauscherrohrschlange führt, die im Inneren des Kondensators 20 angeordnet ist. Auch im Absorber 18 ist eine Wärmetauscherrohrschlange 40 angeordnet, die über eine Leitung 41 mit der Rohrschlange 39 verbunden ist. Die Rohrschlange 40 ist mit einer Rohrschlange verbunden, die den Dephlegmator 13 bildet und im Dom des Austreibers 1 angeordnet ist. An den Dephlegmator ist die Verbrauchervorlaufleitung 36 angeschlossen. Das den Verbraucher speisende Heizungsfluid zirkuliert demgemäß durch den Kondensator, den Absorber und den Dephlegmator der Wärmepumpe, wobei das Verbraucherfluid dreistufig in Serie aufgeheizt wird, während es unter Wärmeabgabe im Verbraucher 35 gekühlt wird.A consumer 35 in the form of an underfloor heating system, a radiator heating system or a domestic hot water tank or of several of these elements is provided with a flow line 36 and a return line 38 provided with a circulation pump 37, which leads to a heat exchanger tube coil which is arranged inside the condenser 20. A heat exchanger tube coil 40 is also arranged in the absorber 18 and is connected to the tube coil 39 via a line 41. The pipe coil 40 is connected to a pipe coil which forms the dephlegmator 13 and is arranged in the dome of the expeller 1. The consumer supply line 36 is connected to the dephlegmator. Accordingly, the heating fluid supplying the consumer circulates through the condenser, the absorber and the dephlegmator of the heat pump, the consumer fluid being heated in three stages in series, while being cooled in the consumer 35, with heat being given off.

Der Luftkanal 11 saugt über sein einströmseitiges Ende 42 Luft aus der Atmosphäre an und beaufschlagt mit dieser Luft den Wärmetauscher 22. Stromab des Wärmetauschers 22 ist der Verdampfer 26 angeordnet, an den sich der Rauchgaswärmetauscher 10 anschließt. Am ausströmseitigen Ende 43 des Luftkanals 11 ist ein von einem nicht weiter dargestellten Motor angetriebenes Sauggebläse 44 angeordnet.The air duct 11 sucks air from the atmosphere via its inflow-side end 42 and acts on this heat in the heat exchanger 22. Downstream of the heat exchanger 22 is the evaporator 26, to which the flue gas heat exchanger 10 is connected. At the outflow end 43 of the air duct 11, a suction blower 44 driven by a motor, not shown, is arranged.

Der Trocknungswärmetauscher 10 ist an seiner tiefsten Stelle mit einem Schwimmerventil 45 versehen, das eine Kondensatabströmleitung 46 beherrscht. Vom Trocknungswärmetauscher 10 führt eine Rauchgasleitung 47, die mit einer Verschlußklappe 48 versehen ist, zum Luftkanal 11, die Austrittsöffnung 49 der Rauchgasleitung 47 liegt zwischen dem Wärmetauscher 22 und dem Verdampfer 26.The drying heat exchanger 10 is provided at its lowest point with a float valve 45 which controls a condensate outflow line 46. A flue gas line 47, which is provided with a closure flap 48, leads from the drying heat exchanger 10 to the air duct 11, the outlet opening 49 of the flue gas line 47 lies between the heat exchanger 22 and the evaporator 26.

Die eben geschilderte Sorptionswärmepumpe weist folgende Funktionen auf: Durch Zufuhr von Brennstoff über das Brennstoffventil 3 und die Brennstoffleitung 4 wird die Wärmequelle 2 mit Energie versorgt und der Austreiber 1 beheizt. Das führt dazu, daß aus der Lösung, die sich am Boden des Austreibers ansammelt, arme Lösung über die Leitung 14 und Kältemitteldampf nach Rektifikation und Dephlegmierung über die Leitung 19 ausgetrieben werden. Der .Kältemitteldampf gelangt in den Kondensator 20 und kondensiert hier unter der Einwirkung des kühlenden Verbraucherfluids. Kondensiertes Kältemittel gelangt über die Leitung in den dem Luftstrom ausgesetzten Wärmetauscher 22 und wird hier unterkühlt, wobei das kondensierte Kältemittel Wärme an den Luftstrom im Kanal 11 abgibt. Nach Unterkühlung gelangt das Kältemittelkondensat über die Leitung 23 zum Expansionsventil 24, wird hier entspannt und gelangt in den Verdampfer 26. Hier verdampft das entspannte Kältemittel teilweise unter Wärmeaufnahme aus dem Luftstrom des Kanals 11. Das verdampfte Kältemittel, das noch geringe flüssige Bestandteile aufweist, gelangt über die Leitung 27 in den Sumpf 28 des Absorbers 18.The sorption heat pump just described has the following functions: by supplying fuel via the fuel valve 3 and the fuel line 4, the heat source 2 is supplied with energy and the expeller 1 is heated. This leads to poor solution being expelled via line 14 and refrigerant vapor after rectification and dephlegmation via line 19 from the solution which accumulates at the bottom of the expeller. The .Refrigerant vapor enters the condenser 20 and condenses here under the influence of the cooling consumer fluid. Condensed refrigerant reaches the heat exposed to the air flow via the line Metauscher 22 and is supercooled here, with the condensed refrigerant giving off heat to the air flow in the duct 11. After supercooling, the refrigerant condensate reaches the expansion valve 24 via line 23, is expanded here and reaches the evaporator 26. Here, the expanded refrigerant partially evaporates while absorbing heat from the air flow in the duct 11. The evaporated refrigerant, which still has low liquid constituents, arrives via line 27 into the sump 28 of the absorber 18th

Die den Austreiber 1 verlassende arme Lösung gelangt über die Leitung 14 in den Temperaturwechsler 15 und gibt hier Wärme an die über die Leitungen 33 und 34 zurückfließende reiche Lösung ab. Die abgekühlte arme Lösung gelangt über die Leitung 16 zu dem Expansionsventil 17, wird hier entspannt und erreicht den Absorber 18. Im Absorber vermischen sich Kältemittel und arme Lösung und geben Wärme über die Rohrschlange 40 an das Verbraucherfluid ab. Da die Lösungsmittelpumpe 32 reiche Lösung über die Leitung 31 aus dem Sumpf 28 des Absorbers 18 abzieht, passiert die reiche Lösung die Rohrschlange 29 beim Verlassen des Absorbers. Dabei erfolgt eine Nachverdampfung von Kältemittelflüssigkeit und eine Überhitzung des verdampften Kältemittels unter Wärmeaufnahme aus der reichen Lösung, die sich entsprechend unterkühlt. Durch Steuerung der Kältemittelzufuhr zum Verdampfer wird die Unterkühlung so bemessen, daß die Lösungsmittelpumpe 32 kavitationsfrei arbeitet. Mit der auf dem niedrigeren Temperaturniveau, befindlichen reichen Lösung wird der Rauchgaswärmetauscher 8 gespeist. Aufgrund dieses niedrigen Temperaturniveaus ist es möglich, den Rauchgasen einen großen Teil der ihnen noch innewohnenden Wärme zu entziehen. Die aufgeheizte reiche Lösung gelangt über die Leitung 33 zum Temperaturwechsler 15 und wird hier in einer zweiten Stufe von der den Austreiber 1 verlassenden armen Lösung vorgeheizt. Die in den Austreiber 1 eintretende reiche Lösung kühlt im Bereich des Rektifikators den ausgetriebenen Kältemitteldampf, bevor dieser über die Leitung 19 den Austreiber 1 verläßt.The poor solution leaving the expeller 1 reaches the temperature changer 15 via the line 14 and gives off heat to the rich solution flowing back via the lines 33 and 34. The cooled, poor solution reaches the expansion valve 17 via line 16, is relaxed here and reaches the absorber 18. In the absorber, the refrigerant and poor solution mix and give off heat via the pipe coil 40 to the consumer fluid. Since the solvent pump 32 draws rich solution via line 31 from the sump 28 of the absorber 18, the rich solution passes the coil 29 when it leaves the absorber. Here, the refrigerant liquid is re-evaporated and the evaporated refrigerant overheats while absorbing heat from the rich solution, which cools accordingly. By controlling the supply of refrigerant to the evaporator, the subcooling is dimensioned such that the solvent pump 32 operates without cavitation. With the rich solution at the lower temperature level, the smoke gas heat exchanger 8 fed. Due to this low temperature level, it is possible to extract a large part of the heat that is still inherent in the flue gases. The heated rich solution reaches the temperature changer 15 via line 33 and is preheated here in a second stage by the poor solution leaving the expeller 1. The rich solution entering the expeller 1 cools the expelled refrigerant vapor in the region of the rectifier before it leaves the expeller 1 via line 19.

Die Rauchgase der Wärmequelle 2 beheizen somit zunächst den Austreiber 1 und anschließend den Rauchgaswärmetauscher 8. Danach werden die Rauchgase über die Leitung 9 dem Trocknungswärmetauscher 10 zugeführt. Hier werden die Rauchgase im Bereich des Luftkanals 11 der kältesten Stelle dieses Luftkanals ausgesetzt, die sich stromab des Verdampfers 26 befindet. Damit werden die Rauchgase auf ein Temperaturniveau gebracht, das tiefer ist als das Temperaturniveau der Umgebungsluft. Hier fällt in größeren Mengen Rauchgaskondensat an, das über das Schwimmerventil 45 und die Kondensatleitung 46 entfernt wird. Das Rauchgas gelangt anschließend über die mit der Drosselklappe 48 versehene Leitung 47 zum Ende 49 der Leitung und wird hier dem den Verdampfer speisenden Luftstrom beigemischt. Da sich der Rauchgasanteil und der Luftstrom im Kanal 11 wie etwa 1 : 100 verhalten und die Temperatur der Umgebungsluft höher ist als die der vorher im Trocknungswärmetauscher heruntergekühlten Rauchgase, findet im Bereich des Luftkanals 11 eine weitere Kondensatbildung nicht mehr statt.The flue gases of the heat source 2 thus first heat the expeller 1 and then the flue gas heat exchanger 8. The flue gases are then fed to the drying heat exchanger 10 via line 9. Here, the flue gases in the area of the air duct 11 are exposed to the coldest point of this air duct, which is located downstream of the evaporator 26. This brings the flue gases to a temperature level that is lower than the temperature level of the ambient air. Flue gas condensate is produced here in large quantities, which is removed via the float valve 45 and the condensate line 46. The flue gas then reaches the end 49 of the line via the line 47 provided with the throttle valve 48 and is mixed here with the air flow feeding the evaporator. Since the proportion of flue gas and the air flow in the duct 11 behave approximately 1: 100 and the temperature of the ambient air is higher than that of the flue gases cooled down previously in the drying heat exchanger, no further condensate formation takes place in the region of the air duct 11.

Claims (8)

1. Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Absorptionswärmepumpe mit einem von einer Wärmequelle beheizten Austreiber, einem Kondensator, Drosselstellen, einem Verdampfer sowie Absorber und diese verbindende Leitungen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die den Absorber (18) verlassende reiche Lösung mittels des den Verdampfer (26) verlassenden Kältemittels unterkühlt wird und anschließend mittels Rauchgasen der Wärmequelle (2) sowie der armen Lösung aufgewärmt wird und daß die Rauchgase dem den Verdampfer (26) speisenden Luftstrom beigemischt werden, nachdem sie vorher getrocknet wurden.1. A method of operating an absorption heat pump with an expeller heated by a heat source, a condenser, throttling points, an evaporator and absorber and lines connecting them, characterized in that the rich solution leaving the absorber (18) by means of the evaporator (26) leaving Refrigerant is subcooled and then heated by means of flue gases from the heat source (2) and the poor solution and that the flue gases are mixed with the air stream feeding the evaporator (26) after they have previously been dried. 2. Verfahren nach Anspruch eins, dadurch gekennzeich- net, daß die den Absorber (18) verlassende reiche Lösung vor Eintritt in das Fördermittel (32) für reiche Lösung mit dem Kältemittel des Verdampfers (26) unterkühlt wird.2. The method according to claim one, characterized in net that the rich solution leaving the absorber (18) is subcooled with the refrigerant of the evaporator (26) before entering the rich solution conveying means (32). 3. Sorptionswärmepumpe zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach Anspruch eins oder zwei, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß im Zuge der Rauchgasleitung (7, 9, 47, 11) ein Rauchgaswärmetauscher (8) und Trocknungswärmetauscher (10) angeordnet sind und daß der Trocknungswärmetauscher (10) in einem Luftkanal (11) für den Verdampfer (26) stromab des Verdampfers angeordnet ist und daß die Rauchgasleitung (47) einen Auslaß (49) aufweist, der im Luftkanal (11) stromauf des Verdampfers (26) angeordnet ist.3. Sorption heat pump for performing the method according to claim one or two, characterized in that a flue gas heat exchanger (8) and drying heat exchanger (10) are arranged in the course of the flue gas line (7, 9, 47, 11) and that the drying heat exchanger (10) in an air duct (11) for the evaporator (26) is arranged downstream of the evaporator and that the flue gas line (47) has an outlet (49) which is arranged in the air duct (11) upstream of the evaporator (26). 4. Sorptionswärmepumpe nach Anspruch drei, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Auslaß (49) der Rauchgasleitung (47) im Luftkanal (11) stromab eines Unterkühlungswärmetauschers (22) für das kondensierte Kältemittel und den Verdampfer (26) angeordnet ist.4. Sorption heat pump according to claim three, characterized in that the outlet (49) of the flue gas line (47) in the air duct (11) is arranged downstream of a subcooling heat exchanger (22) for the condensed refrigerant and the evaporator (26). 5. Sorptionswärmepumpe nach Anspruch drei oder vier, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zwischen dem Unterkühlungswärmetauscher (22) und dem Verdampfer (26) das Expansionsventil (24) im Kältemittelweg angeordnet ist.5. Sorption heat pump according to claim three or four, characterized in that between the subcooling heat exchanger (22) and the evaporator (26), the expansion valve (24) is arranged in the refrigerant path. 6. Sorptionswärmepumpe nach einem der Ansprüche drei bis fünf, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Trocknungswärmetauscher (10) im Rauchgasweg an seiner tiefsten Stelle eine von einem Schwimmerventil (45) beherrschte Kondensatabfuhrleitung (46) aufweist.6. Sorption heat pump according to one of claims three to five, characterized in that the drying heat exchanger (10) in the flue gas path at its lowest point has a condensate discharge line (46) controlled by a float valve (45). 7. Sorptionswärmepumpe nach einem der Ansprüche drei bis sechs, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Absorber (18) mit einem Sumpf (28) versehen ist, in dem eine Rohrschlange (29) angeordnet ist, die über eine Leitung (27) mit dem Verdampfer (26) verbunden ist, und daß die Rohrschlange mit einem Ausströmende (30) versehen ist, das auf einer mittleren Höhe im Innenraum des Absorbers (18) angeordnet ist.7. Sorption heat pump according to one of claims three to six, characterized in that the absorber (18) is provided with a sump (28) in which a coil (29) is arranged, which is connected via a line (27) to the evaporator ( 26) and that the coil is provided with an outflow end (30) which is arranged at a medium height in the interior of the absorber (18). 8. Sorptionswärmepumpe nach einem der Ansprüche eins bis sieben, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Sumpf (28) des Absorbers (18) als Durchflußwärmetauscher ausgebildet ist und daß die Rohrschlange (29) von der den Absorber unmittelbar verlassenden reichen Lösung umspült ist.8. Sorption heat pump according to one of claims one to seven, characterized in that the sump (28) of the absorber (18) is designed as a flow-through heat exchanger and that the coil (29) is washed by the rich solution immediately leaving the absorber.
EP19830103937 1982-05-03 1983-04-22 Method of operating an absorption heat pump, and absorption heat pump for carrying out the method Expired EP0093344B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT83103937T ATE33183T1 (en) 1982-05-03 1983-04-22 METHOD OF OPERATING AN ABSORPTION HEAT PUMP AND ABSORPTION HEAT PUMP FOR CARRYING OUT THE METHOD.

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE8213015 1982-05-03
DE8213015U 1982-05-03
DE3216875 1982-05-03
DE19833314613 DE3314613C2 (en) 1982-05-03 1983-04-22 Method for operating a sorption heat pump and sorption heat pump for carrying out the method

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EP0093344A2 true EP0093344A2 (en) 1983-11-09
EP0093344A3 EP0093344A3 (en) 1984-07-18
EP0093344B1 EP0093344B1 (en) 1988-03-23

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EP (1) EP0093344B1 (en)
DE (1) DE3314613C2 (en)

Cited By (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108317503A (en) * 2018-02-08 2018-07-24 西安交通大学 A kind of coal-fired power station boiler smoke discharging residual heat and water reclamation system and operation method

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109163477A (en) * 2018-08-03 2019-01-08 西安交通大学 A kind of absorption type heat pump system of gas fired-boiler fume afterheat and condensate-water polishing

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2212869A (en) * 1938-09-27 1940-08-27 Herbert W Prafcke Reversible heating and cooling means and method
DE2648855A1 (en) * 1976-10-25 1978-04-27 Herbst Donald Heat loss reduction unit for oil-fired boilers - uses absorption refrigerator with condenser and generator in flue gas flow
DE2736436A1 (en) * 1977-08-10 1979-02-22 Vaillant Joh Gmbh & Co Heat pump which circulates depleted hot solution - has two heat exchangers connected to expeller feed and return
GB2044907A (en) * 1979-03-15 1980-10-22 Vaillant J Gmbh & Co Heat pump, particularly vapour- compressing jet type heat pump
US4291545A (en) * 1980-01-10 1981-09-29 Worsham Iii James R Absorption heat pump
DE3018705A1 (en) * 1980-05-16 1981-11-26 Volkswagenwerk Ag, 3180 Wolfsburg Absorption heat pump for hot water supply - passes driver exhaust gases through hot water heat exchanger before mixing with air

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DE3018710A1 (en) * 1980-05-16 1981-11-26 Volkswagenwerk Ag, 3180 Wolfsburg Combined heat pump and boiler - uses boiler as driver, with additional water heating coil for increased heat outputs

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2212869A (en) * 1938-09-27 1940-08-27 Herbert W Prafcke Reversible heating and cooling means and method
DE2648855A1 (en) * 1976-10-25 1978-04-27 Herbst Donald Heat loss reduction unit for oil-fired boilers - uses absorption refrigerator with condenser and generator in flue gas flow
DE2736436A1 (en) * 1977-08-10 1979-02-22 Vaillant Joh Gmbh & Co Heat pump which circulates depleted hot solution - has two heat exchangers connected to expeller feed and return
GB2044907A (en) * 1979-03-15 1980-10-22 Vaillant J Gmbh & Co Heat pump, particularly vapour- compressing jet type heat pump
US4291545A (en) * 1980-01-10 1981-09-29 Worsham Iii James R Absorption heat pump
DE3018705A1 (en) * 1980-05-16 1981-11-26 Volkswagenwerk Ag, 3180 Wolfsburg Absorption heat pump for hot water supply - passes driver exhaust gases through hot water heat exchanger before mixing with air

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108317503A (en) * 2018-02-08 2018-07-24 西安交通大学 A kind of coal-fired power station boiler smoke discharging residual heat and water reclamation system and operation method
CN108317503B (en) * 2018-02-08 2019-07-02 西安交通大学 A kind of coal-fired power station boiler smoke discharging residual heat and water reclamation system and operation method

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0093344B1 (en) 1988-03-23
DE3314613C2 (en) 1986-06-19
EP0093344A3 (en) 1984-07-18
DE3314613A1 (en) 1983-11-03

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